Effect Of Muscle Energy Technique Research Articles

Effectiveness of muscle energy technique in patients with nonspecific low back pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Low back pain (LBP) is a major cause of physical disability in the world. The origin of this condition can be due to differents causes, with a specific cause or of unknown mechanical origin,being characterized as unspecific. In this case a physical therapy treatment approach with manual therapy is relevant, which includes the muscle energy technique (MET) classified as a common conservative treatment for pathologies of the spine, mainly in LBP and disability. This study assessed the effectiveness of the muscle energy technique on nonspecific low back pain. Patients with acute, subacute or chronic non-specific low back pain. The primary outcomes were pain and disability. This study was designed by a systematic review and meta-analysis, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020219295). For the report and methodological definitions of this study, the recommendations of the PRISMA protocol and the Cochrane collaboration, were followed, respectively. The search yielded 164 citations, which 19 were eligible randomised trials were included in the review (N.=609 patients with low back pain). The methodological quality of the studies averaged 4.2 points, with an interval of 2 to 7 points. Three RCTs showed satisfactory methodological quality (PEDro Score ≥6). For patients with chronic LBP, a significant result on pain (but with a small and clinically unimportant effect) in favor of MET versus other (MD=-0.51 [95% CI,-0.93 to -0.09] P=0.02, N.=376, studies=11, I2=80%). In patients with subacute LBP, MET enabled a significant and moderate effect to reduce pain intensity when compared to the control group (MD=-1.32 [95% CI,-2.57 to -0.06] P=0.04, N.=120, studies=3, I2=88%). No significant effects were observed for the disability. MET is not considered an efficient treatment to improve the incapacity of the lumbar spine, but it may be beneficial in reducing the intensity of LBP, although showing a small clinical effect in chronic LBP and a moderate effect in subacute LBP.

Effects of Muscle Energy Technique and Joint Manipulation on Pulmonary Functions, Mobility, Disease Exacerbations, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Quasiexperimental Study.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is primarily a disease of the lungs; however, extrapulmonary comorbidities like rib cage stiffness, decreased thoracic spine mobility, postural changes, and skeletal muscle dysfunctions also coexist. Muscle energy technique (MET) and joint manipulation (JM) may help alleviate these musculoskeletal problems. This study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of MET and JM on pulmonary functions, dyspnea, chest wall mobility, disease exacerbations, and health-related quality of life in COPD patients. A total of 16 patients (7 women and 9 men) suffering from COPD between the ages of 35 and 65 years participated in the study. Pretest-posttest quasiexperimental design was used. MET was applied to the sternocleidomastoid, anterior scalene, pectoralis major muscles, and at the C4-C6 level of the cervical spine. Maitland JM was performed in the thoracic region at the intervertebral, costovertebral, and costotransverse joints. The treatment intervention lasted for 3 weeks. FEV1/FVC, maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), SpO2, modified Borg dyspnea scale (MBDS), COPD assessment test (CAT), mMRC dyspnea scale, BODE index, right and left hemidiaphragm excursion, and chest wall expansion at T4 and T10 levels were the outcome measures. Significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed in FEV1/FVC, MIP, SpO2, MBDS, CAT, mMRC dyspnea scale, BODE index, and chest expansion at T4 and T10 levels. Only for the hemidiaphragm excursion, no significant (p > 0.05) improvement was observed. Combined application of MET to accessory respiratory muscles and cervical spine and JM to thoracic spine improved pulmonary functions, chest wall mobility, and health-related quality of life and reduced dyspnea and disease exacerbations in patients with mild to moderate COPD.

Effect of Muscle Energy Technique as an Adjunct to Lumbar Stabilisation Exercise Training on Pain, Disability and Fear Avoidance belief in Patients with Chronic Low back pain with facet joint dysfunction: Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the second leading cause of disability, affecting 85 percent of peopleworldwide at some point in their life. LBP is viewed as a personal and societal burden due to discomfort andlimited function. Facet joint dysfunction is one of the leading causes of pain and disability. While the MuscleEnergy technique (MET) looks to be a promising treatment, research on MET in combination with exercise therapyis limited.Method: Sixty patients, 18 to 40 years of age, with a history of chronic low back pain will be randomly divided intotwo groups. One group will receive lumbar stabilization exercise training along with muscle energy techniqueand the other group will receive lumbar stabilization exercise training alone respectively for 3 times a weekfor 4 weeks. Data will be collected pre and post the intervention on the Numeric Rating Scale, Oswestry LBPDisability Questionnaire, and Fear-avoidance belief questionnaire.Result: Both groups will be analyzed for pain, disability, and patients’ fear-avoidance belief regarding physicalactivity Baseline characteristics including means and standard deviations (SDs) will be analyzed. Categoricalvariables will be analyzed with a chi-square test and continuous variables will be analyzed using independentt-tests.

Effectiveness of muscle energy technique on shoulder range of motion in individuals with bicipital tendinitis, randomised clinical trial

Background: Biceps tendinitis is inflammation of the tendon around the long head of the biceps muscle. Pathology of the biceps tendon is most often found in patients 18 to 35 years of age who are involved in sports. Muscle energy technique is a manual therapy procedure which involves the voluntary contraction of a muscle in a precisely controlled direction. MET may be used to decrease pain, stretch tight muscles and fascia, reduce muscle tonus, improve local circulation, strengthen musculature and mobilize joint restrictions.Objectives: To assess persons for bicipital tendinitis, to determine the effect of muscle energy technique in acute and chronic symptoms of bicipital tendinitis and to find out the risk factors for development of bicipital tendinitis.Methodology: Informed consent was taken from each of the subject prior to Participation. All Instruction was given to the subjects about techniques performed. The study was conducted in and around Karad. Subjects were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: The study used outcome measures, visual analogue scale (VAS), Range of motion (ROM) and shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI). All three scores revealed statistically significant results (p < 0.05) reduction in pain after post interventional.Conclusion: This study concluded that there was an improvement in the bicipital tendinitis patients after undergoing 3 weeks of core muscle energy technique protocol. This indirectly improved their shoulder performance by reducing pain to shoulder and improving their dynamic balance.

Comparison of Effectiveness of Muscle energy Technique with Strain Counter Strain Technique on the Patients of Non-Specific Neck Pain

Non-specific neck pain is a condition which is diagnosed through symptoms when serious and objective cervical spinal pathology (e.g., trauma, malignancy, radiculopathy, etc.) has been ruled out. Many studies have done previously for both techniques, muscle energy technique and strain-counter strain technique, for treatment of patients with non-specific neck pain Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique with Strain Counter- Strain Technique in patients with non-specific neck pain Methods: Single blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted. The assessor was blinded from the allocation in the groups. Forty Patients were included in the study divided into two groups; each group received one technique. They were followed for Seven sessions. Questionnaire including visual analogue scale, NDI were used to collect pre-treatment and post- treatment data. Data was analyzed by using SPSS ver. 21. Independent sample t test was applied to compare means of patients Results: Neck flexion of the Patients pretreatment Mean Group 1:24.6500, Group2:23.0500. Neck Flexion of the patient after treatment Mean Group 1(SCS) 32.0500 Group 2(MET) 40.0000 Neck Extension of the Patient pretreatment Mean Group 1: 33.8500 Group 2: 30.6500. Neck extension of the patients. Post treatment Mean SCS 41.5000 MET53. 2500.The given results and detailed results given in the table shows that both techniques are improving ROM, but MET are more effective than SCS. p value is 0.001 which is significant Conclusion: This study concluded that Muscle Energy Technique is better in reducing pain as compared to Strain Counter Strain Technique

Effects of Muscle Energy Technique with and without Bowen Therapy in Text Neck Syndrome

Aim: To determine the effects of Muscle energy technique with and without Bowen therapy on pain, function, range of movement, and posture in Text neck syndrome. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in Fatima Hospital Sargodha. A total of 22 patients with text neck syndrome were included and randomly allocated to two groups. Assessment of pain, function, Cervical ROM, Craniovertebral angle, and Rounded shoulder angle was taken using a Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), Neck disability index (NDI), Goniometer, and photogrammetry. Group A received treatment with hot packs and METs. Group B received a hot pack, Muscle energy technique (METs) and Bowen therapy. A total of 18 sessions were given in 6 weeks with 3 sessions per week. Both groups were reassessed after 3 weeks and 6 weeks of treatment with follow-up after 3 weeks of treatment completion. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 21. Results: Findings revealed that a statistically significant difference (p&lt;0.05) was observed for both within a group and between-group analysis in NPRS, NDI, cervical range of motion (CROM), Craniovertebral angle (CVA), and Rounded shoulder angle (RSA). However, the Bowen group showed more improvement in terms of all outcome measures based on their mean differences. Conclusion: The combination of METs and Bowen therapy was more effective in decreasing pain, improving movement, regaining functional status, and correcting posture in individuals with Text neck syndrome rather than using METs alone. Keywords: Text neck, Muscle energy technique, Bowen technique, Pain, Range of motion

Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation in Knee Osteoarthritis

This study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of techniques such as muscle energy technique and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation in reduction of pain levels, improvement in flexibility of hamstring muscle and functional mobility, in patients with osteoarthritis of knee. An experimental study was carried out using a pre test and post test study design. The study was carried out in Krishna Hospital, Karad with a sample size of 36 individuals suffering from osteoarthritis of knee using a random sampling method. Individuals with Osteoarthritis of knee within the age group 40-60 years have been included. The collected data was analysed using paired and unpaired ‘t’ tests. When the data was analysed, the results showed that the patients in Group A and B receiving PNF stretching and MET respectively, the pain levels measured using NPRS shows more improvement in group A(7.66 ±1.02 ) as compared to group B (3.44 ±0.92). Hamstring flexibility in group A (10.63 ±4.89) was also found to be higher than in group B (4.37±2.01) when Active knee extension test was performed as a measure for hamstring flexibility, when functional mobility was measured using Western Ontario and McMaster universities arthritis index, improvement seen in group A (27.21 ±12.31) was significantly higher than in group B (14.11±7.88). The primary finding was that the patients of group A receiving PNF stretching along with the baseline protocol showed better improvement in pain levels, hamstring flexibility and level of functional mobility as compared to the patients in group B receiving MET along. with baseline protocol

The Effect of Muscle Energy Technique and Posture Correction Exercises on Pain and Function in Patients with Non-specific Chronic Neck Pain Having Forward Head Posture-a Randomized Controlled Trail.

BackgroundNeck pain is a common problem in individuals despite different types of working patterns. Forward head posture is a common identified cause of chronic neck pain in patients. The effect of long-term forward head posture can be loss of function which can limit individuals’ capacity to work or do activities of daily living; hence it becomes necessary to intervene with muscle strengthening to improve neck stability, as well as mobility.PurposeTo assess effectiveness of muscle energy technique (MET) and posture correction exercises on pain and function in patients with non-specific chronic neck pain having forward head posture.Study SettingOutpatient department of Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Physiotherapy, Pune, India.ParticipantsBoth males and females between the ages of 21–60 years with a cranio-vertebral angle of less than 48° were included in study.Research DesignA randomized clinical trial.MethodologyMET group received muscle energy treatment + posture correction exercises, and control group receiving neck range of motion treatment. Outcomes measures were pain (Numerical Pain Rating Scale), function (Neck Disability Index), and cranio-vertebral angle (MB ruler).ResultsForty-eight subjects were included in the analysis, with 23 participants in Group A (MET) and 25 in Group B (Control). While both groups showed within-group improvements, Group A had significantly greater decreases in neck pain (p < .001), Neck Disability Index scores (p < .001), and significantly greater improvements in cranio-vertebral angles (p < .025) compared to group B.ConclusionThe combined effect of MET and posture correction exercises provides significantly greater results than neck range of motion treatment, and muscle energy technique should be included in the treatment of non-specific chronic neck pain in individuals with forward head posture.

Immediate effects of muscle energy technique (post isometric relaxation) and static stretching in improving lumbar range of motion and iliopsoas flexibility on iliopsoas muscle tightness

Iliopsoas is a compound muscle which consists of the psoas major and iliacus. Shortening of the iliopsoas muscle was found to be the primary cause of lumbar hyper lordosis and excessive anterior pelvic tilt. iliopsoas is a muscle of lower extremity prone to tightness with prevelance of 83% in young and middle-aged adults leading to lower back pain. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of static stretching and muscle energy technique to improve lumbar range of motion and iliopsoas flexibility. Study design: A Research with experimental design was performed in 2 groups that were selected from collage in Navsari. Methodology: Immediate effect comparative study to evaluate the effectiveness of MET versus Static Stretching techniques for iliopsoas tightness. One group was given MET and other group was given Static Stretchig. Modified Thomas test and schobers test was taken for lumbar flexibility and lumbar range of motion in iliopsoas tightness subject.Result: The MET (Group A) was associated with a statistically significant change in Lumbar flexibility than Static Stretching (Group B). There was no statistically significant change observed Lumbar range of motion in both the groups. Conclusion: The present study concluded that both MET and Static Stretching technique are shown to have an effect on improving lumbar range of motion and lumbar flexibility. The MET technique was found clinically more effective in improving lumbar range of motion and lumbar flexibility in iliopsoas tightness muscle. However, there is no significant difference found in lumbar flexibility between both the groups MET and Static stretching groups.

Comparison of Immediate Effect of Muscle Energy Technique in Upper Trapezius and Activation of its Antagonist Muscle i.e., Middle and Lower Trapezius with Thoracic Extension in Patients with Upper Trapezius Spasm

Comparison of Immediate Effect of Muscle Energy Technique in Upper Trapezius and Activation of its Antagonist Muscle i.e., Middle and Lower Trapezius with Thoracic Extension in Patients with Upper Trapezius Spasm

Effects of Muscle Energy Technique vs Bruegger’s Relief Exercise on Forward Head Posture among electronic gadget users

Background: Neck pain due to Forward Head Posture (FHP) caused by prolongs flexion of head and neck while using electronic gadgets. It causes different musculoskeletal complaints particularly affecting upper limb and neck region. Muscle Energy Technique is an efficient method to reduce the tightness and improve strength of muscles. Bruegger’s Relief Exercise is helpful in improving posture. Aim: To compare the effects of Muscle Energy Technique (MET) and Bruegger’s Relief Exercise on pain, range of motion and function in patients of cervicalgia due to FHP. Method: A pilot study was performed. 24 subjects were recruited according to sample selection criteria and were assigned to Group A and B. Assessment of pain, function, Cervical ROM and Craniovertebral angle was taken using NPRS, NDI, Goniometer and photogrammetry. Group A received treatment with hot pack and Muscle Energy Technique. Group B received hot pack and Bruegger’s Relief Exercise. Total 20 sessions were given to each patient in 4 weeks with 5 sessions per week. Both groups were reassessed after 4 weeks of treatment. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 23. Results: There was statistically significant changes within both groups in the NPRS, NDI, CROM and Craniovertebral angle with p- value of &lt; 0.05 Both were effective but using Bruegger’s Relief Exercise showed more improvement. Conclusion: Both treatment strategies were effective in decreasing pain, improving movement, regaining functional status, and correcting posture but using Bruegger’s Relief Exercise is more efficient for treating neck pain due to FHP. Key words: Forward head posture, Muscle energy techniques, Bruegger’s relief exercise

The Immediate Effect of Muscle Energy Technique Versus Active Release Technique on Hamstring Tightness in Footballers

Background and purpose: Most often, attention is focused on management of pain and injuries and decreased muscle strength in football players while little attention is given to flexibility. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the immediate effectiveness of a type of Muscle Energy Technique (MET), Post Isometric Relaxation (PIR) and Active Release Technique (ART) in increasing hamstring flexibility among recreational and professional footballers aged 18-30 years. MET is used to lengthen a tight muscle, strengthen weak muscles, reduce localised oedema or mobilize an articulation with adhesion or restriction MET consists of different techniques, one of which is Post Isometric Relaxation Technique (PIR). PIR uses an agonistic isometric contractual phase after a passive stretch. On the other hand, ART is a soft tissue manipulation technique developed my Dr. Leahy which breaks tissue adhesions thereby relieving muscle stiffness/ tightness. There is abundant literature on these techniques. However there is a dearth of documentation comparing these two techniques. So the effort of the study is to compare the effectiveness of MET (PIR) and ART on hamstring tightness in footballers. Method: This study was an experimental study. The subjects were selected on the basis of Simple Random Sampling method. 30 subjects were selected, in the age ranging from 18-30 years. They were assigned to two groups- Group A (n=15) received a type of Muscle Energy Technique (MET), Post Isometric Relaxation (PIR) and Group B (n=15) received Active Release Technique (ART). Both the groups performed a set of 3 exercises- eccentric and core stability and pilates after the intervention. Pre and post intervention measures were taken to assess the hamstring tightness. This was done by Active Knee Extension Test (AKET) and Sit and Reach Test (S&amp;R Test). Results: When means were analyzed using Paired ‘t’ test as a parametric and Wilcoxon signed rank test as a non-parametric test have been used to analyse the variables pre- intervention to post-intervention with calculation of percentage of change, there was a statistically significant improvements in means of AKET and S&amp;R Test. The findings of the study suggest that both the interventions have an immediate effect on hamstring tightness. More importantly, the results revealed that the intervention of Group B showed more reduction in hamstring tightness than the interventions delivered of Group A. Conclusion: Th present study concludes that both MET (PIR) and ART are effective in reducing hamstring tightness and increasing knee extension range of motion in recreational and professional footballers. However, there existed a significant difference between both the techniques on hamstring tightness. ART was more effective in increasing hamstring flexibility and increasing knee extension range of motion among footballers. Implications: Muscle Energy Technique (Post Isometric Relaxation) and Active Release Technique both can be used to treat people and athletes with hamstring tightness. But effects of Active Release Technique in increasing hamstring flexibility and increasing knee extension range of motion among footballers is more dominant over the effects of Muscle Energy Technique (Post Isometric Relaxation). Hence, in sport physiotherapy protocols, ART can be used. Keywords: Hamstring Tightness, Muscle Energy Technique, Post Isometric Relaxation, Active Release Technique, Active Knee Extension Test, Sit and Reach Test.

Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique with Free Exercises on Quality of Life in Chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory, symmetrical involvement polyarthritis disease. It affects many tissues in the body. The prevalence of RA in women varies from 0.5 to 3.8% and in men 0.15 to 1.37% with peak incidence in fourth decade of life. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the effect of muscle energy technique (MET) with free exercise on quality of life (QOL) in chronic RA. Materials and Methods: An experimental study was carried out using simple random sampling method during 1 year in Krishna Hospital. Pre- and post-design was used for assessing the study. SPSS software was used for analysis. Result: A total of 30 subjects were involved as per inclusion and exclusion criteria and assessed with numerical rating scale (NRS) and health assessment questionnaire (HAQ). There was only one group. There is statistically significant difference with respect to mean value of NRS is (at rest) 1.30 ± 0.46, (on activity) 3.26 ± 0.58 with P &lt; 0.0001, and HAQ 1.19 ± 0.25 with P &lt; 0.0001. Conclusion: This study concluded that MET with free exercises on QOL in chronic RA has shown significant improvement clinically and statistically on QOL and pain.

Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique as Compared to Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation in Non-Specific Low Back Pain: RCT

Background: Approximately 80% of peoples experience LBP during their lifetime. While a specific cause of low back pain can seldom be identified, the most prevalent type is mechanical &amp; non-specific low back pain. This study was designed to evaluate the two manual techniques i.e., MET &amp; PNF in participants with non-specific low back pain. MET is used to decrease pain &amp; the PNF goal is the facilitation of the agonist’s muscle. Objectives:A Study to find the effectiveness of MET as compared to PNF to reduce pain and improve strength and function in participants with LBP to get the best results &amp; greater benefits for the population. Methods: In a 6-weeks intervention study, 45 participants with features of low back pain were studied. They were divided into 3 groups by simple random sampling; Group A received MET, Group B received PNF, and Group C is the control group. Pre and post-treatment data were collected and analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Paired t-test and One Way ANOVA were used to find out the significance of the treatment. Results: A significant improvement in pain, disability through the NPRS, RMDQ scale (p‹0.05), and PWB after the treatment was found. A greater statistically significant difference was seen in Group A as compared to Group B &amp; Group C. Conclusion: The study concluded that the MET is more effective compared to the PNF &amp; control group treating participants with LBP. Keywords: Non-Specific LBP, Muscle Energy Technique, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, NPRS, RMDQ

Effectiveness of muscle energy technique and movement with mobilization in adhesive capsulitis of shoulder

Background: Adhesive capsulitis is a clinical diagnosis made from the history of the gradual onset of severe shoulder pain with the progressive limitation of active and passive Glenohumeral movements. Muscles energy techniques helps to mobilize restricted joints by stretching hypertonic muscles, capsules, ligaments and fascia. Mobilization with Movement technique combines technique, with a sustained application of a manual technique “gliding” force to a joint with concurrent physiologic (osteo-kinematic) motion of the joint, either actively performed by the subject or passively performed by the therapist. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of Muscle energy technique versus Mulligan’s technique on improvement of pain, mobility and functional ability for subjects with ACSMethodology: 42 individuals with ACS were included and allocated to two groups (n=21). Groups were administrated with Muscle energy technique along with conventional therapy, Mobilization with Movement along with Conventional therapy and for 4 weeks (5 days per week). ROM, SPADI and NPRS were used to assess changes between baseline and post intervention.Result and Conclusion: The MWM (Group B) was associated with statistically significant greater change in ROM and SPADI score than MET (Group A) and. There was statistically significant change observed NPRS in both the groups: MWM along with Conventional therapy improves ROM of shoulder and functional disability in patients with Adhesive capsulitis.

EFFECTIVENESS OF PHONOPHORESIS WITH MUSCLE ENERGY TECHNIQUE IN PLANTAR FASCIITIS: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Plantar fasciitis is an inammatory condition which causes pain and stiffness in the heel and medial arch of the plantar surface of the foot. There is hardly any study that has investigated the effectiveness of Muscle Energy technique with phonophoresis in Plantar Fasciitis along with physiotherapy intervention. The study aimed to nd the effectiveness of the phonophoresis with the MET in participants with plantar fasciitis to determine the benet of participants. So, a Quasi-Experimental study was conducted with 30 participants featured of plantar fasciitis. They were studied for a 4-weeks intervention. They were divided into 2 groups by convenience sampling: - Group A: MET and Group B: phonophoresis with the MET. Pre- and post-treatment data were collected and analysed using SPSS 22.0. Paired and unpaired t-test was used to nd out the signicance of the treatment. A signicant improvement in pain and functions (p&lt;0.05) after the treatment was found in both groups. Greater statistically signicant improvement was seen in Group B as compared to Group A. Thus, the study concluded that phonophoresis with the MET was more effective in Plantar Fasciitis

Effectiveness of muscle energy technique (met) in patients with acute low back pain: Qusai experimental trial

BACKGROUND &amp; OBJECTIVE: Low back pain is a common problem in society. Acute low back pain can persist for up to six weeks and requires immediate attention for treatment. The muscle energy technique was mostly used in rehabilitation for strengthening and relaxation purposes. The objective of the study was to find out the effectiveness of the muscle energy technique in patients with acute low back pain.&#x0D; METHODOLOGY: It was a quasi-experimental trial; with a sample size of 60 were collected from 05 June 2020 to 05 November 2020. A convenient sampling technique was used and patients were divided into two groups after inclusion and exclusion criteria. The tools were the Standardized visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI). The setting was Ibn e Siena Hospital and Research Institute, Multan and Multi-care physiotherapy clinic Multan. An Independent t-test was applied to measure the significance of data. The experimental group was treated by muscle energy technique and the control group was treated through neuromuscular control exercises.&#x0D; RESULTS: Total number of patients in the study was 60, equally divided into two groups. Pre and post control and experiment group ODI mean±SD 28.13±5.25, 12.66±3.78 and 26.13±4.12, 7.80±3.14, pre and post-VAS 8.70±0.79, 8.30± 1.17 and 2.00± 1.20, 0.76± 1.00 respectively. There was a significant difference (p&lt;0.000) between a pre and post intervention score of the Oswestry disability index (ODI) and the visual analog scale (VAS).&#x0D; CONCLUSION: Muscle energy technique was more effective than neuromuscular control exercises in mechanical acute low back pain.

Comparing the effects of muscle energy technique and mulligan mobilization with movements on pain, range of motion, and disability in adhesive capsulitis.

To compare the effect of muscle energy technique and Mulligan mobilisation with movement on pain, range of motion and disability in patients of adhesive capsulitis. The single-blind, randomised controlled study was conducted at the Physiotherapy Department of Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from July to December, 2018, and comprised patients of either gender aged 30-70 years with adhesive capsulitis stage 2. The subjects were randomised using the lottery method into Mulligan mobilisation with movement group A, and the muscle energy technique grouo B. Conventional treatment, including hot packs and exercises like pulley rope exercise, wall climbing, and shoulder wheel, were part of both the groups. Each technique was applied five times per set, 2 sets per session 3 days a week for three weeks. Baseline and post-intervention readings were recorded for pain, range of motion and disability Using numeric pain rating scale, goniometer, and shoulder pain and disability index. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Of the 70 individuals assessed, 64(91.4%) were included; 32(50%) in each of the two groups. The mean age in group A was 49.93±6.69 years, while in group B it was 49.17±8.92 years. Group A showed significantly better results compared to group B (p<0.05). Muscle energy technique and Mulligan mobilisation with movement were both found to be effective, but the latter was significantly better compared to the former. IRCT20200611047734N2 (https://www.irct.ir/trial/48851).

To Compare the Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique and Deep Neck Flexors Training on Pain, Range of Motion and Functional Disability in Patients with Mechanical Neck Pain

The goal of this study was to examine the effectiveness of muscular energy method with deep neck flexors training on pain, range of motion, and functional impairment in individuals with mechanical neck pain. This randomized controlled trial was carried out at the Mayo Hospital's OPD physiotherapy department in Lahore. In this study, 30 patients were chosen at random and divided into two groups: Group 1 was treated with deep neck flexors training, while Group 2 was treated with muscular energy method (post isometric relaxation). Every patient signed a Performa and gave their informed permission. The questioner used to collect data was based on the NDI, Visual analogue scale (VAS), and Ranges of motion (flexion, extension, rotation, and side bending at neck). Patients in group 1 showed marked improvement as compared to group 2. Both groups showed improvement but group 1 showed statistically more improvement (p value&lt;or =to 0.05). It is concluded from the study that, patients with mechanical neck pain, when treated by deep neck flexors training showed a significant treatment outcome when analyzed on VAS, NDI, and Goniometer for ROM. When Group 1 and 2 were compared, it was seen that Group 1 showed more significant results than group 2.

COMPARISION OF MAITLAND MOBILIZATION AND MUSCLE ENERGY TECHNIQUE ON PAIN, RANGE OF MOTION AND FUNCTIONS IN ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS

The adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) a well-known musculoskeletal problem that affects more women and diabetic population. The restriction is in capsular pattern used to limit the daily activities of the population. Objective: To study the effectiveness of Muscle energy technique and Maitland mobilization technique on the pain, range of motion and disability index in the patients with adhesive capsulitis. Method and subjects: This quasi-experimental study consists of 30 subjects including both males and females between 40-60 years, already diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis were selected. The sample was collected using a nonprobability convenient sampling method and was assigned groups (A or B) with 15 subjects each. Group A received a moist pack for 15 minutes, active ROM exercises, and Muscle Energy Technique (MET). Group B received a moist pack for 15 minutes, active ROM exercises, and Maitland mobilization. Both the groups were treated 2 times a week for 2 weeks and were told to continue the exercises at home. All the subjects were measured for pain and disability by SPADI, and ROM using a goniometer on 1st day on the 15th day after treatment. Result: There were 20 (66.6%) male and 10(33.4%) female participants. There was significant improvement at post-treatment levels in pain and ROM and SPADI in both groups. Although ROM improvement and pain reduction was improved in both groups but statistically significant (p&lt;0.05) between group shown Maitland was superior to MET. Conclusion: Maitland Mobilization is more effective in reducing pain and increasing function and Disability among the patients having Adhesive Capsulitis as compared to MET for Pain, ROM and shoulder functions.