Effectiveness Of Problem-solving Training Research Articles

Effect of Problem Solving Training on Quality of Life and Responsibility of Medical Students

Background. Quality of life and responsibility are known as fundamental issues in contemporary psychology. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of problem solving training on quality of life and responsibility of paramedical students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Methods. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all paramedical students (490 students) in the academic year 2020-2021 in one of the ranked universities. The available sample was randomly divided into an intervention (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). The Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36) and Gauff Responsibility Questionnaire were used to collect data. Problem-solving training, using scenario, was provided for the experimental group in the form of 2-hour sessions held twice a week for a period of 14 weeks. The data were analyzed, using co-variance analysis and SPSS 21 software. Results. The mean age of the participants was 20.61 in the intervention, and 21.21 in the control groups. The standard deviation calculated for the two groups were 1.14 and 1.62, respectively. The problem solving training seemed to enhance the scores on the quality of life [F(1,39)=1052.192, P<0.001, ƞ2=0.966] and students’ sense of responsibility [F(1,39)=126.111,P<0.001,ƞ2=0.773] Conclusion. The results of testing the research hypotheses showed that problem solving training has a significant positive effect due to the knowledge of problem solving skills, reducing the incidence of mental illness in students. Therefore, it is recommended this approach be used to promote students' mental health

Problem-solving training as an active ingredient of treatment for youth depression: a scoping review and exploratory meta-analysis

BackgroundProblem-solving training is a common ingredient of evidence-based therapies for youth depression and has shown effectiveness as a versatile stand-alone intervention in adults. This scoping review provided a first overview of the evidence supporting problem solving as a mechanism for treating depression in youth aged 14 to 24 years.MethodsFive bibliographic databases (APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science) and the grey literature were systematically searched for controlled trials of stand-alone problem-solving therapy; secondary analyses of trial data exploring problem-solving-related concepts as predictors, moderators, or mediators of treatment response within broader therapies; and clinical practice guidelines for youth depression. Following the scoping review, an exploratory meta-analysis examined the overall effectiveness of stand-alone problem-solving therapy.ResultsInclusion criteria were met by four randomized trials of problem-solving therapy (524 participants); four secondary analyses of problem-solving-related concepts as predictors, moderators, or mediators; and 23 practice guidelines. The only clinical trial rated as having a low risk of bias found problem-solving training helped youth solve personal problems but was not significantly more effective than the control at reducing emotional symptoms. An exploratory meta-analysis showed a small and non-significant effect on self-reported depression or emotional symptoms (Hedges’ g = − 0.34; 95% CI: − 0.92 to 0.23) with high heterogeneity. Removing one study at high risk of bias led to a decrease in effect size and heterogeneity (g = − 0.08; 95% CI: − 0.26 to 0.10). A GRADE appraisal suggested a low overall quality of the evidence. Tentative evidence from secondary analyses suggested problem-solving training might enhance outcomes in cognitive-behavioural therapy and family therapy, but dedicated dismantling studies are needed to corroborate these findings. Clinical practice guidelines did not recommend problem-solving training as a stand-alone treatment for youth depression, but five mentioned it as a treatment ingredient.ConclusionsOn its own, problem-solving training may be beneficial for helping youth solve personal challenges, but it may not measurably reduce depressive symptoms. Youth experiencing elevated depressive symptoms may require more comprehensive psychotherapeutic support alongside problem-solving training. High-quality studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of problem-solving training as a stand-alone approach and as a treatment ingredient.

The effect of problem solving training on problem solving skills, quality of life and depression level of inpatients with heart failure

Amaç: Bu çalışma, kardiyoloji kliniğinde kalp yetersizliği nedeniyle yatan hastalara uygulanan sorun çözme eğitiminin; sorun çözme becerilerine, yaşam kalitesine ve depresyon düzeyine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma randomize kontrollü deneysel çalışma olarak; 27 deney, 26 kontrol grubunda olmak üzere 53 hasta ile yürütülmüştür. Çalısmada etik kurul onayı ile bireylerden yazılı bilgilendirilmiş gönüllü olur alınmıştır. Veriler; kişisel bilgi formu, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Macnew Kalp Hastalığı Sağlıkla İlgili Kaliteli Yaşam Anketi, Sosyal Problem Çözme Envanteri- kısa formu (SPÇE) kullanılarak toplandı. Sorun Çözme Eğitimi grubuna, 2 hafta haftada 2 seans olmak üzere 4 seans bireysel sorun çözme eğitimi verildi. Bulgular: Eğitim sonrası, PSE grubunda BDÖ puan ortalamalarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalma olduğu, SPÇE ve MacNew Kalp Hastalığı Sağlıkla İlgili Kaliteli Yaşam Anketi puan ortalamalarında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış olduğu, kontrol grubunda ise değişim olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Sorun çözme eğitiminin kalp yetersizliği hastalarında sorun çözme becerilerine, yaşam kalitesine ve depresif belirtiler üzerine olumlu etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir.

A randomized controlled trial of problem-solving training (PST) for hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients: Effects on anxiety, depression, distress, coping and pain

The effect of problem-solving training (PST) on psychological distress, coping, pain, overall distress, and problem-solving behavior in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients was investigated in a randomized controlled trial. The intervention was performed during aplasia and included five 1-hour individual sessions; it was started 2 days before HSCT. Forty-five patients were included in the intervention group (IG) and 46 in the control group (CG). The effects were measured at 11 (t2) and 21 days (t3) after HSCT. At t2, 31 patients remained in the IG and 36 patients in the CG. Patients > 18 years, with adequate cognitive performance, and with adequate command of the German language, were included. They were assessed with regard to anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), psychological distress (Symptom Checklist short version–9), coping (Brief Cope), problem-solving (Social Problem Solving Inventory-Revised), pain (Questions of Pain), and distress (National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer). The data were analyzed using analyses of covariance (general linear model) to examine the differences between the two conditions. Anxiety, psychological distress, pain, and general stress were reduced after PST in the IG compared with those in the CG. Active coping was reinforced in the IG. The IG patients were also better able to reduce negative problem orientation and improve problem implementation. The effect of the PST on these features was between Eta2=.13 and .45 and can thus be described as medium to strong. There were no changes in depression and social support. After careful interpretation of the results, it can be said that PST affects patients’ mental health, problem-solving, and coping. Because these psychological changes occur shortly after the transplantation in the phase of aplasia, HSCT patients are likely to be given a more favorable starting position for the course of recovery.

The Effects of Problem-Solving Training on Reducing Anxiety among Nursing Students

The Effects of Problem-Solving Training on Reducing Anxiety among Nursing Students

Efektivitas Problem Solving Training untuk Menurunkan Stres Perawatan pada Family Caregiver Pasien Paliatif

This research was aimed to evaluate effectiveness of problem solving training to reducecaregiving stress among family of palliative care patient. This research used quantitative approachwith pre-experimental method. This research was conducted on three family member of palliativecare patients At puskesmas in Surabaya. The researcher carried out caregiving stress scale andinterview as data collecting techniques. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 for windows with PairedSample T-Test statistic technique. Result showed that problem solving training can reducecaregiving stress among family of palliative care patients. although in a small number ofsignificance (p>0.05). These results indicate that there are several factors that influence theseresults include the emergence of other issues in the intervention.Keywords : problem solving training, caregiving stress, family of palliative care patients

Effectiveness of problem-solving training, exposure therapy, and the combined method on depression, anxiety, and stress in mothers of children with special needs

Aim: This study was designed with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of three methods of cognitive-behavioral therapy, including problem-solving, exposure therapy, and the combined method (the combination of both methods of problem-solving and exposure therapy) on depression, anxiety, and stress in mothers of children with special needs.Methods: Research samples consisted of 44 mothers who had children with special needs and were divided randomly into 4 groups of 11: (1) The problem-solving group, (2) the exposure group, (3) the combined group, and (4) the control group, by the use of an experimental design with pretest and posttest. The measurement tool in this study was Laviband depression, anxiety, and stress questionnaire and the data were analyzed by descriptive statistic methods such as frequency, percentage, and standard deviation; inferential statistics methods such as covariance test and post-hoc test least significant difference (LSD). Results: The results showed that all three methods were effective on improvement of both the general mental health and problems such as depression, anxiety and stress (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Based on this research and previous literature, cognitive-behavioral therapy methods, including problem-solving, exposure therapy, and the combined method were proved to be beneficial for mothers of children with disabilities, retardation, or other disorders, which can affect mental health. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that the above-mentioned interventional methods are considered for these mothers.

The effect of Problem Solving Training on Decision Making Skill in Nursing Students

Background : Today in the areas of health care, nurses are increasingly faced with issues and situations that are complex and the technology, understanding and acumen in the social sectors, rising health culture, processes and frequent changes of complex disease traits and moral. Therefore, decision making, critical thinking is to find and extremely complex. Nurses are going to decision making and decisions are complex and constantly every choice's sensitivity is very high, so having the skills of decision making and problem solving skills, in them, is essential. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the effect of problem solving training on decision-making skills in nursing students. Materials and Method : This study is a quazi-experimental study that performed in 100 nursing students in 2 groups of case (50) and control (50). Then, a short problem solving course based on 8 sessions of two hours during the term, was performed for the experimental group. To determine the decision making skill the decision making questionnaire was used. Results : The finding revealed that decision making score in nurses students is low and problem solving course, positively affected the students ' decision making skill after the program (P<0.05). Discussions : In general, the finding of this study indicated the improvement of the student's decision making skill. Therefore this kind of education on problem solving in various emergency medicine domains such as: education, research and management, is recommended.

A comparison of the effectiveness of problem solving training and of cognitive-emotional rehabilitation on neurocognition, social cognition and social functioning in people with schizophrenia.

Objective:Social cognition and Problem Solving (PS) impairments are common characteristics in patients with schizophrenia. Experimental neuropsychological findings support the hypothesis that schizophrenia is characterized by a broad range of heterogeneous cognitive impairments. Since that time Problem Solving Training has been employed as a core strategy in a wide variety of therapeutic settings. Renewed interest in cognitive functioning, including social Problem Solving skills and social cognition in schizophrenia, has led us to reconsider the potential value of metacognitive strategy as a rehabilitation strategy.Methods:The present study reports the results obtained by 24 persons with schizophrenia who were randomly assigned to one of two training session groups: Cognitive-Emotional Rehabilitation (REC) vs Problem Solving Training (PST). Both treatments were administered to small groups composed of subjects suffering from schizophrenic disorders over a 12 months period: primary measures of clinical, social outcomes and secondary measures of cognitive and Problem Solving functions were conducted at 0, and 12 months.Results:Results showed that both training methods were found to be effective in psychopathological measures and in social functioning. On cognitive function improvements were specific to the rehabilitative approach. PST are mainly improved capacities for planning and memory, while the REC improved measures such as social cognition Theory of mind and emotion recognition.Conclusion:The results confirmed that it is no necessary to divide the rehabilitation training in treatments directed to specific domains. The conceptualization and applicability of PST and REC its implications for persons with schizophrenia, and future studies in this research area have also been discussed.

The Effect of Problem-Solving Training on the Counseling Skills of Telephonic Nurse Care Managers

Nurses increasingly use telephonic assessment and counseling to manage clients with a variety of chronic illnesses. This article describes a study designed to assess a group of telephonic nurse disease managers' teaching and adherence promotion skills during actual patient interactions. Nurse care managers showed improvements after training in four main counseling skills categories, with a decrease in time spent.

The Effects of Problem Solving Skills Training on the Reduction of Delinquency in Light Delinquent Adolescents

본 연구에서는 경미한 비행을 보이는 중학교 청소년들을 대상으로 그들의 비행을 감소시키는 것을 목표로 하는 문제해결기술훈련 프로그램을 시행하여, 그 효과를 검증하였고, 1개월 후 사후조사에서 비행의 감소 여부를 검증하였다. 통제집단으로는 심성훈련 프로그램을 실시한 집단이 비교되었다. 서울시 소재 중학교 선생님들로부터 경미한 비행 범주에 포함되는 부적응 행동으로 의뢰된 남녀 학생 총 58명(문제해결기술훈련 집단 31명, 심성 훈련 집단 27명)에게 한 회기에 120분 씩 5일 연속으로 총 5회기의 프로그램을 시행 한 결과, 문제해결기술 훈련 집단은 가설적 상황에서 가능한 한 많은 대안수를 생각해 내는 능력과 적절한 대안을 생각해 내는 능력에서 유의미한 향상을 보인 반면, 심성훈련 집단은 두 가지 항목 모두에서 유의미한 향상을 보이지 않았다. 1개월 후에 측정한 자기보고식 청소년 비행 척도에서는 문제해결기술훈련 집단의 비행 감소량이 유의미하게 더 많았고, 성별에서는 남학생 집단의 자기보고 비행 감소량(변화량)이 더 많았다. 교사의 문제행동 적발빈도에서는 집단 간이나 성별 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았으나 집단 및 성별 간 상호작용 효과가 유의미하였다. 즉, 문제해결기술훈련 집단에서 교사가 평가한 문제행동 적발빈도의 감소량은 여학생 집단이 남학생 집단보다 더 많았고, 심성훈련 집단에서는 남학생 집단이 여학생 집단 보다 더 많았다. 교사의 문제행동 평가점수에서는 성별 차이가 통계적으로 유의해서 여학생 집단의 문제행동평가 점수의 감소량이 더 많았다. 프로그램 자체의 효과, 문제해결능력 향상과 비행 감소의 관계, 연구의 제한점 및 후속 연구에 대해 제언하였다.

Comparison of effects of nursing care to problem solving training on levels of depressive symptoms in post partum women

Objective The aim of this study was to compare the effect of nursing intervention to the effect of problem solving training on the level of postpartum depressive symptom. Methods We utilized a pretest–posttest mutual controlled semi experimental model for this study. The study consisted of 62 women (30 in care group and 32 in training group), all of who were at risk for postpartum depression, but without major depressive symptoms. These women were not undergoing pharmacologic or psychotherapeutic treatment, were all literate and consented to join the study in Erzurum, Turkey. Participants ( N = 62), recruited over a 9 month, were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Women in care group (average age = 21, 33.3% primaparus) were given nursing care for her depressive symptoms. Women in training group (average age = 25, 33.9% primaparus) were taught problem solving skills. Results Depressive symptoms were assessed before and after nursing interventions. We found that nursing care was effective women for with depressive symptoms (McNemar test, p < 0.001), and problem-solving training was also effective (McNemar test, p < 0.05). When the effectiveness of nursing care and the problem solving education was compared utilizing the BDI, it was found out that the nursing care was more effective than education alone ( t = 4.529, p < 0.05). Conclusion Results from this study suggest that nursing care and problem solving training may be use confidently in the primary care setting by nurses for women with postpartum depressive symptoms. Practice implication Nurses play on important role in its detection and can reduce depressive symptoms. Public health nurses are equipped with care paths addressing specific health needs of depressed women in the primary care setting. Our finding indicate that these two programs of study can converge with meaningful results, and perhaps future research could address these points in a theoretical frame work.

The effects of problem-solving training on two problem-solving tasks

The present study assessed the effects of problem-solving (D'Zurilla & Goldfried, 1971) training on two problem-solving tasks. Sixty-one subjects were assigned randomly to and trained in one of the following groups: general orientation (GO)-problem definition (PD)-generation of alternatives (GA)-decision making (DM), GO-PD-GA, GO-PD-DM, GO-GA-DM, GO, and a control group. The six groups did not differ significantly at pretesting on the measures of selecting the best alternative solution and describing problem-solving behaviors used to solve problems. Training was significantly effective on selecting the best alternative solution for all groups compared with the control group at the time of posttesting. The GO-PD-GA-DM and GO-PD-DM groups described significantly more problem-solving behaviors than the GO-PD-GA, GO-GA-DM, and GO groups. All five treatment groups performed significantly better than the control group at the time of post-testing. At follow-up 1 month after posttesting, groups trained with the PD component selected significantly better alternatives than the groups without PD training. Groups trained with the DM component described significantly more problem-solving behaviors at follow-up than the groups trained without the DM component.

Increasing positive behavior in severely distressed marital relationships: The effects of problem-solving training

The effectiveness of problem-solving training was investigated with severely distressed couples. Six couples received problem-solving training following a condition in which they received instructions to increase positive behavior. Each couple served as a separate single-subject experiment, with the frequencies of various target behaviors serving as the primary measures of change. Behavioral rates were recorded in the home by spouses, supplemented by self-report, and observational data collected in the laboratory. All six couples improved during the course of therapy, although in only three cases was it possible to demonstrate that problem solving was responsible for the positive changes. One couple improved both during Instructions and problem-solving phases. Another couple improved only after receiving a modified form of instructions. Follow-up data showed five of the six couples to be maintaining their positive changes.