Effects Of Plyometric Training Research Articles

Effects of plyometric training on health-related physical fitness in untrained participants: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Plyometric training (PT) is an effective training method for improving physical fitness among trained individuals; however, its impact on health-related physical fitness in untrained participants remains ambiguous. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of PT on health-related physical fitness among untrained participants. Six electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE Complete, Web of Science Core Collection, SCOPUS, and SPORTDiscus) were systematically searched until March 2024. We included controlled trials that examined the effects of PT on health-related physical fitness indices in untrained participants. Twenty-one studies were eligible, including a total of 1263 participants. Our analyses revealed small to moderate effects of PT on body mass index, muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and flexibility (ES = 0.27–0.61; all p > 0.05). However, no significant effects were detected for body fat percentage and lean mass (ES = 0.21–0.41; all p > 0.05). In conclusion, the findings suggest that PT may be potentially effective in improving health-related physical fitness indices (i.e., body mass index, muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and flexibility) in untrained participants. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to data limitations in some fitness variables.

Effects of plyometric training on heading jump performance and motion in collegiate soccer players

Effects of plyometric training on heading jump performance and motion in collegiate soccer players

Effect of Plyometric Training on Vertical Jump Performance in Tennis Athletes

Effect of Plyometric Training on Vertical Jump Performance in Tennis Athletes

The Effects of Plyometric Training on Agility

The purpose of the study was to evaluate how football players' agility performance was affected by a 4-week plyometric training programme. at the school level. The study included 12 football players of GHSS Ramak Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan, aged between 15 to 18 years old, who followed the same twice- weekly workout schedule for a total of 8 sessions. The study was conducted using the one-group pre-posttest model of the experimental method. The Illinois Agility test was taken from each individual before the beginning of the training session and then following it. The findings revealed a noteworthy improvement in agility performance after the plyometric training program (t=5.32, p=0.001). This suggests that Plyometric training might be a useful method for enhancing agility in male football players, and can also be beneficial when performed for only 4 weeks. The study's findings can help coaches and trainers to improve the performance of their players.

Effects of Plyometric Training on Physical Fitness Attributes in Handball Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of plyometric training on physical fitness attributes in handball players. A systematic literature search across PubMed, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science identified 20 studies with 563 players. Plyometric training showed significant medium-to-large effects on various attributes: countermovement jump with arms (ES = 1.84), countermovement jump (ES = 1.33), squat jump (ES = 1.17), and horizontal jump (ES = 0.83), ≤ 10-m linear sprint time (ES = -1.12), > 10-m linear sprint time (ES = -1.46), repeated sprint ability with change-of-direction time (ES = -1.53), agility (ES = -1.60), maximal strength (ES = 0.52), and force-velocity (muscle power) (ES = 1.13). No significant impact on balance was found. Subgroup analysis indicated more pronounced agility improvements in players ≤ 66.6 kg compared to > 66.6 kg (ES = -1.93 vs. -0.23, p = 0.014). Additionally, greater improvements were observed in linear sprint and repeat sprint ability when comparing training durations of > 8 weeks with those ≤ 8 weeks (ES = -2.30 to -2.89 vs. ES = -0.92 to -0.97). In conclusion, plyometric training effectively improves various physical fitness attributes, including jump performance, linear sprint ability, maximal strength, muscle power and agility.

Effects of plyometric training on skill-related physical fitness in badminton players: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Skill-related physical fitness significantly correlates with sports performance. Plyometric training (PT) is an effective method for improving physical fitness in athletes. However, its impact on skill-related physical fitness in badminton players remains uncertain. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PT on skill-related physical fitness in badminton players. Five electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and SPORTSDiscus) were searched until February 2024. A PICOS approach was used to identify inclusion criteria, (1) healthy badminton players, (2) a PT program, (3) an active control group, (4) a measure of skill-related physical fitness before and after PT, and (5) randomized controlled studies. The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality of PT studies, while the level of evidence certainty was determined through the GRADE framework. The calculation of effect sizes (ESs) was based on mean values and standard deviations, and heterogeneity was measured with the I2 statistic. The extended Egger's test was employed to check for publication bias. Eleven studies comprising 445 badminton players were eligible for inclusion. The analysis revealed significant small-to-moderate effects of PT on power (ES = 0.60, p < 0.001), agility (ES = 0.96, p < 0.001), speed (ES = 0.63, p = 0.001), and balance (ES = 0.89; p = 0.013). However, no significant effect was observed for reaction time (ES = 0.56; p = 0.189). The certainty of evidence for outcomes was graded as either low or very low. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that PT improved power, agility, speed, and balance, but not reaction time in badminton players. However, the small number of studies and the very low to low certainty evidence mean that these results need to be interpreted with caution.

Effect of plyometric and sprint training on repeated sprint and vertical jump capacities in volleyball players aged 11 to 14 Years: A longitudinal study

In adults, plyometric training can positively influence repeated sprint ability, and sprint training can influence vertical jump capacity. However, in children and adolescents, such influences are not yet clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of plyometric training on repeated sprinting ability and the effect of repeated sprint training on vertical jump performance in young volleyball players of both sexes. Longitudinal study with a sample of 30 adolescents, aged 11 to 14 years. The volunteers were divided into a control group, a plyometric training group, and a sprint training group, and they underwent six weeks of training (two sessions per week). Their repeated sprint ability was assessed using photocell technology, and their vertical jump capacity was evaluated on a platform with an interruption system. There was a significant difference in pre- and post-training within the groups. The Sprint Group showed improvement in the best sprint (p=0.023) and worst sprint (p=0.10). The group that performed additional plyometric training also showed improvement in the best sprint (p=0.004) and worst sprint (p=0.008). As for the countermovement vertical jump, the Sprint Group showed a significant difference from pre-training (5.04±0.67) to post-training (5.37±0.54). The repeated sprint training proved to be effective in improving both repeated sprint and vertical jump capabilities.

The effect of plyometric training and moderating variables on stretch-shortening cycle function and physical qualities in female post peak height velocity volleyball players.

Purpose: Although several studies investigated the effect of plyometric training on physical performance, there is a lack of clarity regarding the effectiveness of plyometric training or its moderator variables in youth female volleyball players. The primary aim of this study was to explore the effect of horizontal plyometric training on explosive stretch-shortening cycle hops and jumps in the vertical and horizontal directions in female post peak height velocity (PHV) volleyball players. The secondary aim was to assess the influence of participant and training related moderators on horizontal plyometric training in post-PHV volleyball players. Methods: A total of 23 post-PHV volleyball players participated in this 8-week intervention with horizontal plyometric exercises, twice a week. Pre-testing and post-testing included bilateral and unilateral vertical sub-maximal hopping, horizontal jumping and hopping, and a drop jump test. The effectiveness of the intervention was assessed using a paired t-test. The influence of internal moderators such as age, maturity and body mass and external moderators such as training volume were assessed using regression and correlation analysis. Results: An 8-week plyometric training improved sub-maximal hopping at 2.5Hz left by 4.4%, bilateral sub-maximal hopping at 2.0Hz by 9.5% and bilateral sub-maximal hopping at 2.2Hz by 6.8% in post-PHV female volleyball players. Horizontal jumping and hopping, reactive strength index and other sub-maximal hopping conditions did not improve significantly. Body mass had a large moderating effect on vertical unilateral sub-maximal hopping at 2.5Hz right (p = 0.010, η 2 = 0.314), vertical unilateral hopping at 3.0Hz right (p = 0.035, η 2 = 0.170), and vertical unilateral hopping at 3.0Hz left (p = 0.043, η 2 = 0.203). Training volume together with generalized joint hypermobility moderated right leg triple broad hop performance, whereas maturity and age did not moderate any variables. Conclusion: This study determined that 8weeks of horizontal plyometric training can improve unilateral absolute leg stiffness in post-PHV female volleyball players, and this training effect can be moderated by body mass. Furthermore, the training effect on triple hopping performance on the right leg can be moderated by combined training volume with generalized joint hypermobility.

The Effects of Plyometric Training on the Running Speed in Soccer

The plyometric method can be referred to as specific neuromuscular training, which may be used to optimize soccer players’ functional status and physical fitness levels. The development of functional strength, which can be repeatedly used under game conditions, is decisive for success in the games themselves. The paper aims to extend knowledge about the effects of plyometric training on running speed among soccer players. Twelve U19 soccer players from the MFK Ružomberok soccer club participated in the experiment. The control group consisted of twelve U19 soccer players from the FC Lokomotíva Košice soccer club. Both groups of soccer players performed 10-m, 30-m, and 50-m running tests and an agility T-test. From the viewpoint of determining the efficiency of the plyometric method, the testing also included tests aimed to assess ankle mobility and jump tests with and without countermovement performed with the use of Optogait. The soccer players from the experimental group participated in a 9-week intervention program that included two 30-minute training sessions per week. As regards the effects of plyometric training on running speed, soccer players improved their running speed levels in both acceleration speed and running speed with changes of direction. The results show that these changes are determined by ankle mobility and lower-body explosive power levels.

Bibliometric analysis of plyometrics in sport: 40 years of scientific production

Introduction. The study of the effects of plyometric training may be related to the incidence of other physical capacities, physical fitness, and sport-specific performance variables, which is why knowledge production has been linked to the study in different populations, sports, and areas of knowledge. Objective. To analyze the scientific work of the effect of plyometric training in sports during the last 40 years (1983-2023), taking into account a bibliometric analysis in the Scopus database. Methodology. The descriptive bibliometric analysis of the scientific production took into consideration the following indicators for each of the documents: 1) type of document; 2) year of publication; 3) principal author; 4) subject area; 5) journal name; 6) number of publications per journal; 7) quartile; 8) H index; 9) SCI 2022 index; 10) citations; 11) average number of citations per published article; 12) institutional affiliation; 13) sports; 14) language; 15; keywords. Likewise, co-occurrence maps were created from the keywords and co-authorship through the VOSviewer program. The following MeSH terms were used to search the documents: "Sports", "Plyometric" and the search equations "Plyometric AND Sport". Results. A total of 820 documents were obtained. The results reflect that the highest production is in research articles (81.09%) and review articles (13.65%). For the publication period, a systematic increase in scientific production is established from 2014 onwards, finding that 2021 was the year of highest production with 104 documents. The author with the highest making is Rodriguez-Campillo (5.97%). Regarding the thematic area, the making is concentrated between Medicine (49%) and Health professions (40%). The journal that has published the most papers and has the highest number of citations (7844) is the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. The journals with the highest number of citations are those with a category of Q1. The University of the Lakes is the institution with the most research, with 49 papers. The sport with the most investigation is running (12.92%) and soccer (12.68%). The prevailing language in scientific production is English (96.09%). Conclusions. Plyometric training is considered an effective means for the development of physical capacities and sport-specific performance. Likewise, the present study reveals the research tendencies of plyometric training according to the authors, institutions, journals, thematic areas, and keywords used during the investigation. In this way, the bibliometric analysis serves as a reference for future studies because it helps to determine research needs. Key Words: sport, plyometric, sports science, evaluation.

The Effect of Plyometric Training on Speed, Agility and Balance Performance of Adolescent Volleyball Players

It is aimed in this study to analyze the effect of plyometric trainings on the speed, agility and balance performance of adolescent volleyball players. The sample of the study includes 15 female licensed players playing in the leagues established by the Turkish Volleyball Federation. The average age of the participants was determined as 16,33±1,17, average height as 167,53±,08 cm, average body weight as 53,67±6,11 kg, average body mass index as 19,11±1,64 kg/m2 and average training age as 4,00 ± ,092 years. The group participated in the research was applied plyometric training method 3 days a week for 6 weeks, a total of 18 days. The performance data of the participants were obtained through flamingo balance test, 30 m sprint test and 10x5 shuttle run test. The normality of the data was analyzed by Shapiro-Wilk Test and it was seen that the data were revealed a normal distribution. Pretest and posttest measurements of within group were calculated by using Paired Sample T Test and the significance level was accepted as 0.05. The study was organized according to the pre-test and post-test results. As a result of the study, after the 6-week plyometric training program, it was determined that there was no significant difference in the mean values of the height, body weight, body mass index, flamingo balance test and 30 m sprint test (p0,05). It was found that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean values of the 10x5 shuttle run test in the comparison of the pretest and posttest results of the research group (p0,01). Consequently, we can state that plyometric exercises to be applied in the trainings of adolescent volleyball players will contribute the agility performance of the players in a positive way. The fact that trainers include plyometric exercises in the certain periods of the trainings will contribute to the increase of the performance of the athletes. It is recommended that plyometric exercises to be applied within a determined program and appropriate for the age groups of the athletes, especially in branches that require anaerobic performance.Keywords: Adolescent, Plyometric Training, Volleyball Players

EFFECT OF PLYOMETRIC TRAINING ON UPPER &amp; LOWER BODY STRENGTH OF FEMALE BADMINTON ATHLETES

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Plyometric Training on selected Physical Parameters of Collegiate Female Badminton Athletes. This study highlighted the impact of 12 weeks of plyometric training on selected physical parameters such as upper and lower body strength and anthropometric attributes such as weight and waist-hip ratio among females aged 16-22 years. The selected intervention was conducted at the Government Post Graduate College, Faisalabad, Punjab Pakistan. Experimental and randomized control trials and pre/post-intervention study design were used. The subjects/participants were randomly assigned into two equal groups (n=20). All the subjects/participants were divided into two groups with 10 subjects each as experimental and control group. Upper body strength is measured through push-ups test and lower body strength is measured through the squats test. The results of physical parameters such as upper body strength and lower body strength of female badminton athletes changed after a 12-week plyometric training program. Therefore, the mean and standard deviation values of upper body strength and lower body strength of post-intervention were found to improve. Finally, the researchers concluded that a 12-week plyometric training program affects the selected physical parameters i-e upper body strength and lower body strength post-intervention of college-level female badminton athletes. Additionally, in this research, the anthropometric variables were also entertained. The weight and waist-hip ratio, after the effect on selected physical parameters such as upper body strength and lower body strength, post-intervention of 12-weeks plyometric training of college-level female badminton athletes therefore, the mean and standard deviation values of weight and waist-hip ratio of post-intervention were changed significantly after post-training. Based on the findings, the researchers recommend that college authorities provide maximum chances for girls to participate in badminton games regularly to improve the selected physical parameters of upper body strength and lower body strength.

Effects of plyometric training on measures of physical fitness in racket sport athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Over the past decade, the popularity of racket sports has surged. Plyometric training (PT) has been the focus of extensive research because of the proven benefits it provides to athletes. However, there is a lack of systematic reviews and meta-analyses specifically evaluating the impact of PT on physical fitness metrics in racket sport athletes. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive review and analysis of evidence derived from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effects of PT on measures of physical fitness among racket sports athletes. The electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched up to June 2023 without placing any restrictions on the publication dates. The PICOS method was adopted to establish the inclusion criteria: (a) healthy athletes who participate in racket sports; (b) a PT program; (c) a control group; (d) assessment of physical fitness components pre- and post-PT; and (e) RCTs. The records' methodological quality was assessed utilizing the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. The certainty in the evidence related to each outcome was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) assessment. A random-effects model was used to calculate effect sizes (ES; Hedges' g) between experimental and control groups. There were 14 eligible studies of moderate-to-high-quality, involving 746 athletes in total. The results revealed small-to-moderate effects (p < 0.05) of PT on muscle power (ES = 0.46), muscle strength (ES = 0.50), sprint speed (ES = 0.45), change of direction ability (ES = 0.76), and reaction time (ES = 0.67), while no clear evidence was found on balance and flexibility. The training-induced changes in muscle power showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) between youth (ES = 0.72) and adults (ES = 0.40). There were also similar muscle power improvements (ES = 0.36-0.54 vs 0.38-0.56, all p > 0.05) for a length of ≤7 weeks with ≤14 total PT sessions vs >7 weeks with >14 total PT sessions, and ≤2 weekly sessions vs >2 sessions. No adverse effects were reported in the included studies regarding the PT intervention. The certainty of evidence varied from very low to moderate. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that PT has positive effects on important indices of physical fitness among athletes participating in racket sports. Future studies are required to clarify the optimal doses and examine interactions among training variables to further promote the physical fitness of this specific population.

Effects of Plyometric Training on Lower Limb Strength and Power in Young Postpubertal High Level Basketball Players

Background: Currently, the scientific evidence available on plyometric training in young basketball players is limited. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects produced by plyometric training over a period of 8 weeks, with a frequency of two weekly training sessions, combining vertical and horizontal force vectors. Methods: The study involved 28 young men (14.54 ± 0.6 years, a height of 182.76 ± 7.1 cm and a body weight of 68.05 ± 9.8 kg) high-level basketball players and aimed to investigate the effects of this training program on athletes at different maturational states, specifically based on their peak height velocity (PHV) and post-pubertal (post-PHV) stages. Results: Substantial improvements were achieved in the subjects who have carried out this type of plyometric training in all the parameters evaluated related to the improvement of the jump, linear speed and change of direction. Conclusions: Therefore, it is crucial to provide valuable information to trainers and physical trainers, enabling them to improve and individualize the conditioning work for optimal performance of their athletes.

The Interplay Between Table Tennis Skill Development and Sports Performance: A Comprehensive Review

This study presents a comprehensive literature review on skill development in table tennis, focusing on various factors that influence expertise in the sport. The research synthesizes findings from multiple studies to understand the effectiveness of mental training programs, the relationship between cognitive functions and table tennis skills, differences between elite and sub-elite players, the impact of visual attention on performance, the effects of plyometric training on serve performance, and the comparison of practice schedules for skill learning and retention. Additionally, the paper explores the stages of tennis forehand attacking technique development, encompassing generalization, differentiation, consolidation, and automation stages, while discussing individual and environmental factors influencing skill development, highlighting the importance of early learning experiences, motivation, intelligence, and family support. Furthermore, the research delves into the history of table tennis performance evaluation methods, including video observation, expert interviews, and the four-stage index evaluation, establishing the reciprocal relationship between skill development and sports performance, emphasizing how enhanced athletic performance fosters skill mastery and vice versa. The findings underscore the significance of mental preparation, cognitive functions, technical proficiency, visual attention, and practice structuring in the pursuit of expertise in table tennis, indicating that incorporating mental training, cognitive training, specialized practice, and plyometric exercises can be beneficial for skill development and performance improvement in the sport.

Effects Of Plyometric Training With The Tsunami Bar On Running Economy In Recreational Runners.

Effects Of Plyometric Training With The Tsunami Bar On Running Economy In Recreational Runners.

Effects of plyometric training on technical skill performance among athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The literature has proven that plyometric training (PT) improves various physical performance outcomes in sports. Even though PT is one of the most often employed strength training methods, a thorough analysis of PT and how it affects technical skill performance in sports needs to be improved. This study aimed to compile and synthesize the existing studies on the effects of PT on healthy athletes' technical skill performance. A comprehensive search of SCOPUS, PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, and SPORTDiscus databases was performed on 3rd May 2023. PICOS was employed to establish the inclusion criteria: 1) healthy athletes; 2) a PT program; 3) compared a plyometric intervention to an active control group; 4) tested at least one measure of athletes' technical skill performance; and 5) randomized control designs. The methodological quality of each individual study was evaluated using the PEDro scale. The random-effects model was used to compute the meta-analyses. Subgroup analyses were performed (participant age, gender, PT length, session duration, frequency, and number of sessions). Certainty or confidence in the body of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Thirty-two moderate-high-quality studies involving 1078 athletes aged 10-40 years met the inclusion criteria. The PT intervention lasted for 4 to 16 weeks, with one to three exercise sessions per week. Small-to-moderate effect sizes were found for performance of throwing velocity (i.e., handball, baseball, water polo) (ES = 0.78; p < 0.001), kicking velocity and distance (i.e., soccer) (ES = 0.37-0.44; all p < 0.005), and speed dribbling (i.e., handball, basketball, soccer) (ES = 0.85; p = 0.014), while no significant effects on stride rate (i.e., running) were noted (ES = 0.32; p = 0.137). Sub-analyses of moderator factors included 16 data sets. Only training length significantly modulated PT effects on throwing velocity (> 7 weeks, ES = 1.05; ≤ 7 weeks, ES = 0.29; p = 0.011). The level of certainty of the evidence for the meta-analyzed outcomes ranged from low to moderate. Our findings have shown that PT can be effective in enhancing technical skills measures in youth and adult athletes. Sub-group analyses suggest that PT longer (> 7 weeks) lengths appear to be more effective for improving throwing velocity. However, to fully determine the effectiveness of PT in improving sport-specific technical skill outcomes and ultimately enhancing competition performance, further high-quality research covering a wider range of sports is required.

Pengaruh Latihan Playometrik Terhadap Peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai Pada Mahasiswa PGSD Atlet Bolavoli Putri SSC

The problem in this study is the low level of the explosive power of the athlete's limb muscles. This study aims to determine how much influence Plyometric training has on increasing leg muscle power in SSC Women's volleyball athletes. This research is an experimental study, in which the authors wanted to know the effect of Plyometric training on increasing leg muscle power in PGSD students, women's volleyball athletes, and SSC. The method used in this research is a field experiment method. The population used as the sample in this study was 10 PGSD students, so this research is called population research. The variables in this study consisted of the independent variable, namely plyometric training, and the dependent variable, namely the Power Test using the Jump MD measuring instrument. The instruments used in the training process consist of five forms of training. Based on the results of the pre-test and post-test which were processed using statistical formulas, the hypotheses in this study can be proven that there is an increase in leg muscle power in PGSD students, and SSC women's volleyball athletes through plyometric training.

The Effect Of Plyometric Training On Improving Smash Ability In Volleyball Athletes: Meta-Analysis Study

This study aims to determine the effect of several plyometric exercises on improving smash skills in volleyball. Many studies have conducted this research in the field of sports. Various kinds of studies explain that plyometric training has a very positive effect on improving volleyball smash abilities, but the results of the data presented tend to be different, with this it is necessary to re-analyze the data in order to provide comprehensive information about plyometric training on improving volleyball smash abilities. The meta-analysis method used in this study was assisted by Jeffreys's Amazing Statistics Program (JSAP) software version 0.16.0.0 by collecting data from research results that already exist in databases such as Google Scholar. Literature search from Google Scholar using the keywords: “plyometric” OR “plyometric” AND “smash” with a range of 2010-2022. The sampling technique used in the search for articles is fulltext articles and article research is carried out in Indonesia. The results of the search with these keywords found a population of 979 articles and 11 samples used, then this data will be retrieved according to the inclusion and exclusion that have been determined. The results of this study indicate that the RE model was identified as 1.15 from the results of studies that have been analyzed and there is no publication bias, therefore it can be concluded that plyometric training has a high effect on volleyball smash ability.

Effectiveness of plyometric training on agility in male collegiate foot-ball players, an experimental study

Effectiveness of plyometric training on agility in male collegiate foot-ball players, an experimental study