Effects Of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Research Articles

Benefit maximization and optimal scheduling of renewable energy sources integrated system considering the impact of energy storage device and Plug-in Electric vehicle load demand

The intermittent nature of renewable-based generation may cause the dip or rise in generation and load imbalances. This paperwork obtains optimal generation scheduling, market benefit maximization, and daily energy loss minimization considering the impact of Plug-in Electric vehicles (PEV) and battery energy storage devices using nonlinear programming. The Plug-in EV load demand has been modelled using the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), and the size of the energy storage device is obtained in the renewable energy source (RES) Microgrid distribution system. The proposed work's main contributions are (i) total cost-benefit maximization, (ii) daily energy loss minimization, (iii) optimal generation scheduling of RES based Microgrid and (iv) probabilistic modelling of PEV load demand and BES sizing. Furthermore, the results were compared to those available in the literature. The voltage variations in the Microgrid are also calculated with the effects of PEV and BES into account. The IEEE-33 bus test system was the subject of the investigation. The multi-objective problem has been solved using iterative Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) and Nonlinear Programming (NLP). The proposed approach was implemented using MATLAB and GAMS interface. The daily energy loss has been decreased by 30.085 %, and the voltage deviation (VD) has been minimized by1.165 %.

Hybrid chaotic approaches to solve profit based unit commitment with plug-in electric vehicle and renewable energy sources in winter and summer

Recently power sectors have faced lots of challenges for huge penetration growths for renewable energy sources (RES) and effects of charging as well as discharging nature of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) to fulfill time varying power demands. The alteration of transport system as well as low carbon energy require not only for the efficiency measurements with large scale acceptance of the clean technology, but also the strategies for new energy managing to incorporate those innovations efficiently in present infrastructure. Thus development of PEVs are needed. Due to development of RES the fossils fuel consumption with greenhouse gas emission can be reduced. In the proposed research, authors have effectively given the combination of chaotic maps with Harris Hawks Optimizer, Sine Cosine Algorithm and Slime Mould Algorithm advancement strategy and assessed execution of the proposed improved technique for standard benchmark of PBUCP with considering effect of PEVs and RES in summer and winter are checked for small type to large type test systems i.e. 10-, 40- and 100-generating unit system are considered and profit of each are evaluated as outcome of this research.

The Effect of Plug-in Electric Vehicles on Harmonic Analysis of Smart Grid

Abstract In this paper, the effect of plug-in electric vehicles is studied on the smart distribution system with a standard IEEE 30-bus network. At first, harmonic power flow analysis is performed by Newton-Raphson method and by considering distorted substation voltage. Afterward, proper sizes of capacitors is selected by cuckoo optimization algorithm to reduce the power losses and cost and by imposing acceptable limit for total harmonic distortion and RMS voltages. It is proposed that the impact of generated current harmonics by electric vehicle battery chargers should be factored into overall load control strategies of smart appliances. This study is generalized to the different hours of a day by using daily load curve, and then optimum time for charging of electric vehicles batteries in the parking lots are determined by cuckoo optimization algorithm. The results show that injecting harmonic currents of plug-in electric vehicles causes a drop in the voltage profile and increases power loss. Moreover, charging the vehicle batteries has more impact on increasing the power losses rather than the harmonic currents effect. Also, the findings showed that the current harmonics has a great influence on increasing of THD. Finally, optimum working times of all parking lots was obtained for the utilization cost reduction.

Quasi-Monte Carlo Based Probabilistic Small Signal Stability Analysis for Power Systems With Plug-In Electric Vehicle and Wind Power Integration

This paper presents a new quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) based probabilistic small signal stability analysis (PSSSA) method to assess the dynamic effects of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) in power systems. The detailed dynamic model of PEVs is first proposed for stability study. To account for the stochastic behavior of PEVs and WECSs in load flow studies, the randomized model and probability density function (PDF) representing their nodal power injections are first developed, and then their stochastic injections are sampled by Sobol sequences. Finally, the distribution of system eigenvalues can be obtained by the PSSSA. The proposed QMC-based PSSSA is tested on the modified 2-area 4-machine system and New England 10-generator 39-bus system. Results showed the necessity of modeling of PEVs and WECSs, and validated the efficiency of the proposed QMC.