Effect Of Phosphate Buffered Saline Research Articles

Temperature Imposed Sensitivity Issues of Hetero-TFET Based pH Sensor.

An underlapped hetero-structure electrolyte Bio-TFET for potential of hydrogen (pH) sensing has been presented in this article. Intersection charge density (Dit) near the substrate-oxide junction can be employed to represent pH value within the simulation. A feasible fabrication scheme for the proposed model is specified here. A detailed simulation is performed with an ATLAS device simulator to examine the efficiency of the projected sensor. The impact of pH alterations on device features akin to the drain current (IDS), threshold potential (VTH), sensitivity regarding voltage (SV), and current (SI) is examined. The effect of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) concentrations on the pH buffer are also scrutinized. Moreover, the impact of the reference voltage and current (VRef and IRef), and channel doping concentration (NCH) over SV and SI is analyzed methodically. Here, SV attains ≈ 100 mV/pH, which is superior to the Nernstian limit (59 mV/pH) and SI enhances nearly ten times per pH variation. Benchmarking is included to provide a quantitative assessment of the proposed model with the published literature. The impact of temperature on pH buffer, IDS, temporal drift parameters and sensitivities have been emphasized. Finally, the temperature-immunity aspect of the proposed Bio-HTFET based pH sensor is highlighted by comparing sensitivity parameter among state-of-the-art literature. Hence, the recommended pH sensor can be utilized as an outstanding substitute for the succeeding generation of biosensor applications.

Effect of phosphate-buffered saline on push-out bond strength of a new bioceramic sealer to root canal dentin.

The aim of this study was to compare push-out bond strength of a new bioceramic endodontic sealer, EndoSequence BC sealer (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA), used with gutta-percha in the presence or absence of phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) within the root canals. Forty single-rooted human teeth were prepared and randomly divided into four groups. Samples in groups 1 and 2 were dried, but those in groups 3 and 4 were moistened with PBS before obturation. All root canals were obturated with gutta-percha/EndoSequence BC sealer. The specimens were stored in PBS for 7 days in groups 1 and 3 and for 2 months in groups 2 and 4. Push-out bond strength values and failure modes were evaluated. The data on push-out bond strength were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The mean value for the bond strength of the obturation material in moistened canals was significantly higher than that in dried ones at 1 week (P = 0.00). Contrarily, there was no significant difference between dried and moistened root canals at 2 months (P = 0.61). In dried canals, bond strength increased significantly with time but in moistened ones, the difference was not significant. Inspection of the specimens revealed the bond failure to be mainly cohesive for all groups. The presence of PBS within the root canals increased the bond strength of EndoSequence BC sealer/gutta-percha at 1 week. However, no difference was found between the bond strength of EndoSequence BC sealer/gutta-percha in the presence or absence of PBS in the root canals at 2 months.