Nonlinear Radiation Effects Research Articles

Exploring swirling flow dynamics: Unsupervised machine learning in Maxwell hybrid nanofluid convection over an exponentially stretching cylinder with non-linear radiation effects

This article analyses the flow of Maxwell hybrid nanofluid induced by an exponentially stretching and rotating cylinder. The presence of non-linear convection, non-linear radiation, and magnetic field is also assumed. The factors covered in the study has a wide spectrum of application in various disciplines, and therefore we analyse the influence of different flow parameters after numerically solving the set of modelled differential equations. A data-free physics-informed neural network using a wavelet activation function is used to approximate the numerical solution. The reliability of the used methodology is validated by comparing the results of the limiting case with the available results. The paper demonstrates the effectiveness of using PINN in an unsupervised fashion to tackle fluid flow problems, showcasing their ability to provide reliable and accurate solutions without the need for extensive datasets. This approach highlights the potential of PINN to address complex fluid dynamics problems by utilizing physical laws within the neural network framework. From the numerical study, it is observed that hybrid nanofluid has a better rate of heat transfer compared to the nanofluid. Furthermore, radiation parameter and maxwell flow parameter is seen to exhibit significant impact of the flow profiles.

Finite difference analyses of bioconvective Williamson nanofluids stream over irregular plates with effects of nonlinear radiation and viscous dissipation

The purpose of this work is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the bioconvective Williamson nanofluid stream while considering the effects of radiation flux and viscous dissipation. The two-phase nanofluids model is applied where the impacts of the Brownian motion and thermophores are significant. This study starts with introducing the governing system in case of the irregular plane then it transforms to the regular plane. The solution methodology is based on the fully implicit finite difference method. The major results disclosed that maximizing the amplitude parameter causes a diminishing in the velocity and skin-friction coefficients. Also, lower behaviors are noted for the velocity in the case of Williamson nanofluids compared to a Newtonian nanofluid case (We = 0). Furthermore, the considered range of Biot number (1 ≤ Bi ≤ 5)causes an improvement in the surface temperature up to 71.59%.

Analysis of heat, mass transfer, and microorganism density rates in bioconvection nanofluid flow under the influence of thermal radiation using response surface methodology

This article presents innovative studies on bioconvection caused by microorganisms in a nanofluid flow with nonlinear radiation effects over a vertical plate. The set of governing partial differential equations is transformed by the similarity transformation into a set of nonlinearly coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs). These are then solved numerically using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. The current findings are in remarkable agreement with the previous studies found in the literature. It is noted that the impact of bioconvection Lewis number and Peclet number on the microbe density rate profile gets reduced, and the increasing effect of the nonlinear thermal radiation parameter on the temperature profile is observed, which maintains the heat transmission distances inside the boundary layer. Additionally, the interactions of heat, mass transfer, and microbe density rates with the selected input parameters are discussed using the response surface methodology (RSM). This model is more applicable in a variety of fields, including synthetic biology, biofuel cells, and drug delivery devices.

Insight into the dynamics of heat and mass transfer in nanofluid flow with linear/nonlinear mixed convection, thermal radiation, and activation energy effects over the rotating disk

In this paper, we study linear and nonlinear mixed convection, activation energy, and heat radiation effects caused by nanoparticles. This study aims to improve the understanding of how nanofluids behave in the presence of rotating disks and develop more efficient and effective cooling technologies. The flow problem consisted of partial differential equations (PDE). It is challenging to calculate these equations as a result of these nonlinear PDEs. Consequently, we use appropriate similarities to transform them into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The bvp4c Matlab built-in technique is then used to resolve these ODEs. The velocities, temperature, and concentration outcomes with the various factors are examined graphically. Additionally, tables are employed to analyze the skin friction and Nusselt number values. It is analyzed that increasing the linear and linear mixed convection parameters enhances the velocity profiles of nanofluid. Enhancements in heat are analyzed by increasing nonlinear thermal radiation and enhancement in concentration is examined by increasing activation energy. Furthermore, as the variables for thermophoresis and Brownian motion are increased, the Nusselt number falls. The heat transfer rate is 27.16% for Rd=0.6\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$Rd=0.6$$\\end{document} and 39.28% for Rd=1.4\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$Rd=1.4$$\\end{document}. Thus, the heat transfer rate is enhanced 12.12%. This study’s practical applications include improving the behavior of fluids and the transfer of heat in rotating frameworks, which may affect energy systems, heat exchangers, and cooling advances in technology.

Investigation of biomagnetic nanofluid flow configured by a stretchable surface in the presence of magnetic dipole

AbstractThe field of fluid dynamics has expanded to study of biological fluids in a magnetic field, a new area known as biomagnetic fluid dynamics. The most notable biomagnetic fluid is blood. The growing interest in problems related to biomagnetic fluid dynamics among researchers is due to its vast applications in biotechnology and biomedical sciences. These applications include magnetic devices for cell separation, blood reduction during surgeries, targeted drug delivery using magnetic nanoparticles to trigger drug release, magnetically induced hyperthermia therapy for most malignant tumors, and magnetic resonance imaging of specific regions of the human body. This study examines the effect of nonlinear radiation on a biomagnetic fluid, specifically blood, flowing through a two‐dimensional, incompressible boundary layer via a stretchable sheet. The flow under consideration is electrically conductive, adhering to the laws of magnetohydrodynamics and ferrohydrodynamics. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations using a similarity transformation and solved using the built‐in bvp4c function of MATLAB software. The effects of various physical parameters on velocity and thermal fields are investigated. The influences of the Nusselt number and skin friction are also evaluated against the main parameters. Furthermore, the average Nusselt number is 27.73% at M = 1.1, and when M = 2.5, the value of the average number decreases by 17.73%.

Physical insight into thermal analysis of magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point flow of micropolar nanofluid across a flexible surface equipped with porous medium and Fourier and Fick's law

AbstractNanofluids represent a novel heat transfer liquid, making them an efficient medium for enhancing energy transmission. Nevertheless, significant knowledge gaps still exist concerning current strategies for improving heat transfer in nanofluids, underscoring the necessity for comprehensive research on these fluid systems. Therefore, this study considered theoretical analysis retrieves the influence of radiative two‐dimensional stagnation point flow of second‐grade micropolar fluid flow about an elongated channel surface implanted in porous media with magnetic effect, and modified heat and mass flux is under consideration. The major novel effect of the current study is to analyze the activation energy and thermal aspect of the system in the presence of nonlinear radiation effects that are considered in the revised mathematical framework by utilizing the boundary layer theory. The resulting set of coupled partial differential equations is further reduced and transformed into a dimensionless system of ordinary differential equations through appropriate scaling invariants. We initiate the RKF‐45 investigation scheme to numerically analyze the transformed dimensionless system, considering relevant parameters. The computational algorithm is implemented using MATLAB programming syntax. Plotted visuals are revealed for leading parameters against pertinent flow profiles graphically and with numerical data. Additionally, the convergence analysis of the numerical results for various flow profiles of the fluids were compared to establish the authenticity of the proposed flow problem. These research findings play a significant role in controlling heat transfer rates and fluid velocities in diverse manufacturing processes and industrial applications, ultimately aiding in achieving the desired product quality.

Numerical investigation of non-linear radiative flow of hybrid nanofluid past a stretching cylinder with inclined magnetic field

The study examines the magnetohydrodynamic flow of engineered fluid past an extending cylinder, analyzing the effects of non-linear radiation and an inclined magnetic field. The physical problem generates a system of non-linear coupled partial differential equations, and the system is transformed into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation and solved using the Runge-Kutta method and shooting technique. Also, sensitivity analysis is taken into account to observe the input variables effects on skin friction and heat transfer rate. The study reveals that magnetic field orientation, nonlinear radiation effects, and injecting more core fluid significantly impact heat transfer characteristics. The effects of angle of orientation, magnetic field, suction parameter, and volume concentration on skin friction are significant. Reynolds number significantly affects heat transfer rate by 62.15% for suction. The findings can be applied in physics and engineering to control heat transfer between stretching surfaces and engineered fluids.

Holiday Load Power Forecasting Based on SOIF-PAMAM method

Focusing on the particularity of holiday load, in this paper, a periodic autoregressive moving average model (PAMAM) algorithm based on selecting optimal input features (SOIF) is proposed to predict the short-term holiday power load. In short-term load forecasting models, there are few researches on feature selection (FS). However, as more and more intelligent hybrid models are used in real-time load forecasting, FS has become a key factor affecting the forecasting accuracy. Based on the idea of SOIF, PAMAM model is proposed to improve the influence of FS factors, and the holiday equations are combined into periodic autoregressive moving average model, so as to improve the short-term forecasting. In order to simplify the calculation, in this paper, the probability distribution is used to calculate the FS, and the autoregressive spline algorithm is used to establish the nonlinear solar radiation and temperature effect model. Based on the statistics of solar radiation intensity, temperature and other data during the Spring Festival, in this paper we analyze the influence of the above factors on the short-term power load forecasting during holidays. Experimental results show that SOIF-PAMAM algorithm in which temperature and other weather conditions are considered can significantly improve the prediction accuracy, the average absolute error is 2.45%, and the root mean square error is 2.61%.

Soret and Dufour effects on dissipative Jeffrey nanofluid flow over a curved surface with nonlinear slip, activation energy and entropy generation

Nanofluids have potential abilities and thermal features and provide more efficient results of heat transfer when compared with common liquid. Therefore, the major novel aspect of the current analysis is to analyze the entropy production and thermal feature of the system in the presence of cross-diffusion, nonlinear radiation, endothermic/exothermic reaction, activation energy and dissipation effects. Slip factor is additionally considered to slowing down the nanomaterial velocity. Furthermore, the effects of Lorentz force and nonlinear mixed convection are accounted. The governing differential equations for considered nanofluids are first converted into dimensionless ODEs utilizing proper variables. The obtained system is then computed using NDsolve technique. The approximated results for different distributions are shown through curves and tables. The impact of dimensionless parameters is visualized on fluid velocity, temperature, concentration, Nusselt number, skin friction and entropy generation. It has been observed that velocity steps up with curvature, ratio of buoyancy, solutal mixed convection and thermal convection parameters but declines for upgrading slip parameter. The temperature step down by upgrading exothermic/endothermic parameter, Dufour number and Brownian diffusion parameter, thermophoretic parameter and radiation parameter. It is also noticed that the concentration of the nanofluid upsurges for increasing activation energy and soret number, but concentration minimizes for growing the temperature difference parameter. Numerical results show that the Nusselt number decays for rising Soret number, Dufour number, thermophoretic parameter and Brownian diffusion parameter but a reverse trend is seen for radiation parameter and activation energy. Also, skin friction coefficient declines by enhancing thermal convection parameter, solutal mixed convection parameter and slip parameter but upgrades for boosting buoyancy parameter.

Nonlinear radiation effects on water-based nanofluid containing CNTs subject to heat source/ sink past a wedge

In this paper, a two-dimensional and incompressible laminar flow comprised of water-based carbon nanotubes over convectively heated moving wedge under the magnetic field and nonlinear radiation and heat production/ absorption is investigated. The base nanofluid (water) contains single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiple walls carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). In order to convert the dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations in nondimensional nonlinear ordinary differential form, an adequate set of similarity variables had been used. These set of equations and boundary conditions are evaluated by the implementation of RKF-45 (Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg fourth-fifth) order scheme. The influence of several physical parameters on particular nanoparticle’s volume friction, temperature and velocity ratio parameter, heat source/ sink parameter, nonlinear radiative constraint, exponent constant, magnetic factor, Eckert and Biot numbers is studied. An opposite behavior of volume fraction and velocity ratio parameters on velocity and energy profiles is achieved.

Numerical calculation of Darcy Forchheimer radiative hybrid nanofluid flow across a curved slippery surface

The present article describes the hydrothermal characteristics of hybrid nanofluid flow over an extending curved Darcy surface. Darcy-Forchheimer effect communicates the nanofluid flow through the permeable surface. The effects of magnetic strength, suction/injection and nonlinear radiation have been also considered. Magnesium-oxide (MgO) and Silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) are dispersed in the base fluid, to produce the hybrid nanofluids (HNF). The modeled equations are numerically computed through the Parametric Continuation Method (PCM). The upshot of flow constraints on the energy, mass and velocity contour is graphically presented and explained. The result shows that when the curvature component is taken into account, the energy is lowered, but the velocity curve is elevated. The consequences of thermal Biot number intensify the heat transportation rate. By raising the amount of nanoparticle in the base fluid, energy and velocity profiles are enhances. It has been detected that the energy transmission rate improves up to 27.3% by using nanofluid (MgO-water) as the range of volume friction parameter rises from 0.02 to 0.04. However, 39.97% enhancement is observed in the energy transmission rate between nanoliquid and hybrid nanofluid (Ag–MgO/water) as the range of volume friction parameter rises from 0.01 to 0.04.

Effect of Non-Linear Radiation and Non-Uniform Heat Source/Sink on Flow over a Linear Stretching Sheet with Fluid Particle Suspension

In this paper, the flow and heat transfer of dusty flow over a linear stretchable sheet has been analyzed. The effects of non-linear radiation and non-uniform heat source or sink have been studied. Considering the mentioned terms and conditions, the problem has been formulated. The formulation consists of systems of nonlinear PDEs which has been converted to a system of ODEs by taking suitable similarity transformations. Then the systems of ODEs have been solved by using Rungakutta method of 4th order. The computations work has been carried out by using BVP4C tool of MATLAB. The impact of flow parameters like radiation parameter, prandtl number, eckret number, fluid Particle interaction parameter β and diffusivity parameter on flow and heat transfer are investigated. The results are presented through graphs and tables. From the graphs, it is concluded that the presence of particles in fluid has some impact of different parameters in flow and heat transfer. The parameters like Eckert number, Fluid- particle interaction parameter, diffusivity parameter have remarkable effects of presence of particles

Improved thermal conductivity of hydrodynamic third‐grade ferrofluid using nanolayer concept: A PTSC application

AbstractThe current study numerically investigates the heat diffusion in the cylindrical film flow of third‐grade ferroliquid. The nanolayer concept is used to analyze the effective thermal conductivity of ferrofluid in different shapes of nanoparticles. Ethylene glycol (EG)‐based cobalt (Co) nano‐sized particles are measured. Using hydrodynamics, Darcy‐Forchheimer, Ohmic heating, and nonlinear radiation effects, an exact model was developed and resolved through the bvp5c Matlab scheme. The computational outcomes are elucidated through pictorial and tabular results. The cylindrical‐shaped nanoparticles are reported to have more advanced heat relocation than the spherical‐shaped nanoparticles. This proved that the nanolayer formed with the cylindrical‐shaped nanoparticles' effectivity boosts the base liquid thermal conductivity. So, to enlarge the PTSC heat spread rate, suspension of Co‐cylindrical nanoparticles in base liquid with third‐grade rheological behavior is very helpful.

Effect of Uneven Heat Sink/Source and Nonlinear Radiation on Hydromagnetic Casson Fluid Flow Past an Inclined Elongating Sheet

Objectives: The present article investigates the steady flow of hydromagnetic Casson fluid flow past an inclined stretched sheet with the existence of nonlinear radiation and Joule heating effects. Methods: A numerical model is established and then solved using the BVP4c MATLAB technique. Findings: In this present work we described about the influence of the Grashof number, non-uniform heat source, Biot number, Casson fluid parameter, hydrodynamics, nonlinear radiation, chemical reaction, local Grashof number and Schmidt number parameters on the flow of mass and rate of heat transport was discussed through tabular result and graphs. It is clear that the rate of heat transport decreases with Joule heating and is higher with an increase in Biot numbers. Increases the amount of thermophoresis parameter and decreases with the rate of heat transport. Novelty: To the best extent of the authors’ belief so far, no attempt is made to inspect the flow, thermal and mass transfer of uneven heat sink/source and non-linear radiation on hydromagnetic and embedded with the viscous dissipation, thermophoresis, Brownian diffusion, Joule heating and Casson fluid. Keywords: NonUniform Heat Sink/Source; Casson Fluid; Joule Heating; NonLinear Radiation; Hydromagnetic

Analytical evaluation of magnetized nanofluid flow in a stagnation point with chemical reaction and nonlinear radiation effect configured by an extended surface

AbstractOn the account of technological development and engineering applications, the enhancement of thermal energy by introducing nanoparticles is a crucial task in the present era. This present work is to investigate the physical characteristics of a chemical reaction, heat and mass transfer effects on hydrodynamic stagnation point flow of Watlers‐B nanoliquid configured by a stretching surface. The effect of fluid viscosity, electrical and thermal conductivity is assumed as temperature function. In addition, the impression of thermal conductivity, Brownian and thermophoretic diffusion are incorporated in the revised model. A theoretical framework is employed to simulate the arisen nonlinear (PDEs). With the assistance of transformations techniques, the contemporary (PDEs) are then diminished to nonlinear system of (ODEs). For nonlinear computations, the resulting equations are programmed in the Mathematica 11.0 programing platform. The impression of the model parameters on diverse flow fields is visualized through plotted graphs. Stability and convergence analysis is established for the authentication of the proposed model. Researchers are encouraged to conduct trials to authenticate the innovative consequences provided in this study, which could be obliging in the improved design of mechanical systems comprising the nanofluids that enables heat and mass transfer mechanism.

Influence of Non-Linear Radiation and Viscous Dissipation on the Convective Fluid Flow with Variable Viscosity and Quadratic Boussinesq Approximation across a Cylinder with Uniform Heat Flux at the Wall

This study examines the effect of non-linear radiation and viscous dissipation on the convective Newtonian fluid flow with temperature-dependent viscosity and the quadratic Boussinesq approximation around a cylinder with uniform heat flux at the wall. The coupled partial differential equations of the problem are non-dimensionalized with appropriate variables and reduced via stream functions. Regular perturbation technique is employed to transform the nonlinear coupled partial differential equations into a system of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations solved using the Trapezoidal method. A surge in the radiative parameter was found to heighten the fluid’s velocity and temperature, while an increase in the dissipative effect enhances the skin friction and heat transfer distributions. The limiting cases of the model considered and the results obtained in this study are consistent with those in the literature.

Mixed convection and non-linear thermal radiative analysis for Carreau-Yasuda nanofluid in an endoscope

The understanding of flow behaviour of non-Newtonian fluids in the presence of nanoparticles is of great interest from an industrial point of view. Bulk addition of nano-sized particles in fluid enhance thermo-physical properties of fluid which is of crucial importance to industries such as medicine, agriculture, electronics etc. Current study discusses thermophoretic diffusion and Brownian motion in peristaltic flow of Carreau-Yasuda nanofluid in tube-like (endoscopic) structure. Unlike many existing studies, the nonlinear radiation effect in the presence of heat and mass transfer i.e., mixed convection is considered. Dissipation, Joule heating and heat source, sink effects are modelled. The governing mathematical problems are numerically solved. Non-dimensionalization is achieved via use of lubrication approach and streamline functions. Quantities like velocity, temperature, concentration, heat transfer rate and trapping are addressed. Observing effects of Weissenberg number (We = 0.1 − 0.3) on fluid flow conclude that velocity as well as the size of trapped bolus increases as We is increased. Heat transfer rate enhances as temperature ratio parameter (θ1 = 0.3 − 0.7) is increased.

Heat and Mass Transport Analysis of MHD Rotating Hybrid Nanofluids Conveying Silver and Molybdenum Di-Sulfide Nano-Particles under Effect of Linear and Non-Linear Radiation

This article is an attempt to explore the heat transfer features of the steady three-dimensional rotating flow of magneto-hydrodynamic hybrid nanofluids under the effect of nonlinear radiation over the bi-directional stretching surface. For this purpose, two different nano-particles, namely silver (Ag) and molybdenum di-sulfide (MoS2), were selected. Three different conventional base fluids were utilized to form desired hybrid nanofluids such as water (H2O), engine oil (EO), and ethylene glycol (EG). We obtained steady three-dimensional highly nonlinear partial differential equations. These highly nonlinear partial differential equations cannot be solved analytically, so these equations were handled in MATLAB with the BVP-4C technique with convergence tolerance at 10−6. The graph depicts the effect of the magnetization effect, thermal radiation, and stretching ratio on rotating hybrid nanofluids. Additionally, the impact of thermal radiation on the heat coefficient of three different hybrid nanofluids is being investigated. The augmentation in magnetization decreases the primary velocity, whereas the increment in radiation enhances the primary velocity. The stretching ratio and the presence of higher magnetic forces increase the temperature profile. The concentration profile was enhanced with an increment in the magnetic field, stretching, and rotation ratio. The maximum Nusselt number was achieved for the Ag-MoS2/EO hybrid nanofluid. It was concluded that augmentation in nonlinear radiation enhances the heat transfer coefficient for the examined cases (I) and (II) of the hybrid nanofluids. The Nusselt number doubled for both the examined cases under nonlinear radiation. Moreover, it was discovered that Ag-MoS2/water produced the best heat transfer results under nonlinear radiation. Therefore, the study recommends more frequent exploration of hybrid nanofluids (Ag-MoS2/water) when employing nonlinear radiation to analyze the heat transfer coefficient.

Significance of thermal radiation, Lorentz force, and non-Darcian porous medium on the dynamics of second-grade fluid subject to exponential stretching sheet

ABSTRACT This paper studies the non-Newtonian fluid flow over an exponential non-Darcian permeable stretching sheet. The heat generation and non-linear radiation effects are inspected for second-grade fluid flow by employing MHD normal to the flow. The mathematical model is developed in partial differential equations under the boundary layer approximations. These equations are reduced by employing similarity transformations in ordinary differential equations. The ordinary differential equations in dimensionless forms are solved by using the numerical procedure bvp4c method. The involved physical parameters impacts are explained via graphs and tables. The horizontal velocity function enlarges the porosity parameter because the porous media behaves as a barrier (opposes) to the flow. The vertical velocity diminishes with higher values of variable viscosity parameters because the rising viscosity is associated with increasing flow resistance, which lessens the fluid's velocity. The vertical velocity gets lower values as the values of magneto hydrodynamic parameter rise, causing a reduction in flow velocity, and as a result, graph vertical velocity falls. However, as the magnetohydrodynamic parameter increases, liquid surface penetration in the wall region rises.

Slip and temperature jump effects of MHD stagnation point flow towards a translating plate considering nonlinear radiations

AbstractThis article investigates the combined effects of nonlinear radiation and magnetic parameter under the velocity slip and temperature jump conditions on the boundary layer flow, arising in magnetohydrodynamics stagnation point flow toward a horizontal moving plate with constant velocity, . The governing mass, momentum, and energy equations are reduced into nonlinear ordinary differential equations with boundary conditions using the relevant similarity variables. The reduced boundary value problem is regulated by the magnetic parameter, slip parameter, temperature jump parameter, Prandtl number, radiation parameter, and temperature ratio parameter. In the absence of an analytic solution, the reduced equations are then demonstrated numerically using the shooting technique. The effects of parameters on the flow domain are analyzed using tables and figures. Moreover, two‐dimensional streamlines are plotted for visualizing fluid flow. It is found that the temperature decreases as the magnetic parameter, slip parameter, temperature jump parameter, and Prandtl number increase, but the opposite scenario is observed when the radiation parameter and temperature ratio parameter increase.