Effects Of N-butanol Extract Research Articles

In vitro and in vivo anticancer studies of n-butanol fraction from ethanol extract of annona muricata leaves

Background: Cancer is a leading life threatening disease that adversely affects millions of people in a year worldwide. The growing concerns on the impact of cancer treatment such as surgery, radio & chemotherapy has been notably redirected to the usage of natural bioactive compounds having potential anticancer activity. Annona muricataLinn, a tropical plant belonging to Annonaceae family, was broadly investigated for the ethno medical property. The leaves of the plant was found to contain acetogenins that showed the significant anticancer activity. Objectives: To employ n-butanol fractionation to get the abundance of alkaloid phytochemicals from ethanolic extract of Annona muricata leaves and to study the extract In- vitro and In-vivo for anticancer activity. Methods: MTT assay was performed in-vitro to analyze the cytotoxicity of the extract.The invivo studies were performed with albino mice and the effect of n-butanol extract was studied on the body weight, hematological & biochemical parameter, hepatic enzymes, antioxidant proteins of the experimental animals. Results: The cytotoxic potential of the n-butanol extract using MTT assayshowed the IC50 value of 50 µg/mL inferring 50% of inhibition to MCF-7 adenocarcinoma cells.

Induction of G0/G1 Phase Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis by <i>Aegiceras corniculatum</i> in Human Colorectal Cancer via Activation of FoxO Signalling

Background: Aegiceras corniculatum (Linn.) Blanco, commonly known as black mangrove, river mangrove, kacang-kacang, and Narikandam, is a mangrove plant, found from India through Southeast Asia to southern China and Australia. Aegiceras corniculatum is known to exhibit anticancer effects against different types of cancer; however, the anticancer activity and underlying mechanisms of action of A. corniculatum leaf extract on colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been elucidated. Methods: In the present study, a colony-forming assay, western blot, flow cytometry and a xenografts model were applied to investigate the effects of n-butanol extract of A. corniculatum leaves (NACL) on CRC in vitro and in vivo. Findings: The results showed that NACL inhibits the viability and proliferation of CRC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, NACL also induces cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by activating Forkhead box proteins and controlling the cell cycle checkpoint pathways, which are associated with the caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic cascades and Bcl-2 family proteins. More importantly, the tumour sizes in HT-29 xenograft nude mice decreased after treatment with NACL in vivo. Significance: These findings demonstrate that A. corniculatum leaf extracts have potent anti-cancer activities across different colorectal and other solid tumor cell lines, via regulating cell cycle and apoptosis pathway, thus it has the potential to be developed as an anticancer therapy to enhance other standard of cares in the clinic for patients with CRC. Funding Statement: The work was supported by Guangxi scientific research and technology development plan project (No. GKH15104001-11), Guangxi Science and Technology Plan Projects (No. GKAD17195025), and Guangxi Key Laboratory Construction Project (No.17-259-20). Declaration of Interests: All authors state there are no conflicts of interest to disclose. Ethics Approval Statement: Experimental conditions and procedures involving animals were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) of Guangxi Medical University (Nanning, Guangxi, China). The experiments were carried out in accordance with the Laboratory Animal Use Guidelines of IAEC. Animal handling followed the National Animal Welfare Law of China.

Filtration of active fractions with hemostasis effect from Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisatum

To discuss the hemostasis of the different polarities of Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisatum (PCC) on the blood heat and hemorrhage syndrome rat model induced by dry yeast. The SD rats were divided into seven groups. Yunnan Baiyao was taken as the positive control drug. The rats in the control group and model group were fed with CMC-Na for 7 days, and the rats in other groups were fed with corresponding drugs simultaneously. On day 7, the blood heat and hemorrhage syndrome rat model was established. Indexes including the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen content (FIB), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), blood platelet count (PLT), thrombocytocrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and the rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP were detected. Additionally, the pathological examinations of lungs among each group were compared. Compared with the control group, the RBC, HGB and HCT of rats in the model group increased significantly, with distinct increase in high, middle and low whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity of rats in the model group; TT and APTT were notably prolonged, while PT was notably shortened, with significant increase in FIB content; PLT, PCT, MPV and PDW remarkably increased; Additionally, the rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP significantly decreased. After ig administration of the ethyl acetate extract of PCC, the low whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity remarkably decreased; TT and APTT were significantly shortened, with notable reduction in PDW and in FIB content Additionally, the rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP significantly increased. The injury of lungs was also improved in ethyl acetate extract group. The rate of platelet aggregation induced by ADP of n-butanol extract group notablly increased. Plasma viscosity of water extract group remarkably decreased, with TT being significantly shortened. But the effects of n-butanol extract or water extract were weaker than that of ethyl acetate extract. And the effect of petroleum ether extract was the weakest. Ethyl acetate extract is the active part of PCC, showing the effect of hemostasis by reducing the low whole blood and plasma viscosity, improving coagulation function mainly by acting on the endogenous coagulation, and ameliorating the function of platelet aggregation.