Effects Of Harassment Research Articles

Effect of Harassment at Work on Mental Wellbeing and Self-Esteem Among Working Women

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of workplace harassment on mental selfesteem among working women. Employing a quantitative design, the research involved a purposive sample of 50 women across various professions aged 25 to 60. Written consent was obtained from all participants. Tools used included the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Work Harassment Scale (WHS) to measure harassment's impact on mental well-being and self-esteem. Permissions were granted for the use of these scales.

Negative Affect, Harassment and Problematic Alcohol Use in Young Adults

Background: While research suggests that both negative affect and alcohol use are impacted by exposure to harassment (i.e., sexual harassment, generalized harassment or bullying), less is known about the effect of harassment on negative affect subsequently leading to alcohol consumption, particularly in young adults. We examined the mediating role of negative affect on the relationships between sexual and generalized harassment at school and alcohol misuse. Methods: Participants were 2899 incoming freshmen in fall of 2011 who completed a Web-based survey assessing demographics (T0), sexual and generalized harassment at school (T0-T2), negative affect (T3), and problems associated with drinking, binge drinking, and drinking to intoxication (T0, T4, T5). Separate hybrid path models were fitted in Mplus v.8.8 for generalized harassment and sexual harassment and each outcome. Results: Mediation analyses showed a small but significant indirect effect for the sexual harassment model (beta = 0.05, S.E. = 0.01, p < 0.001) and generalized harassment (beta = 0.03, S.E. = 0.01, p < 0.01), indicating that negative affect partially mediated the associations between harassment early in students’ college experience and later problems associated with drinking. No significant indirect effects were found for the binge drinking or intoxication models. Conclusions: High levels of negative affect associated with harassment may contribute to longer term impact on problematic use of alcohol in young adults, providing evidence that the effects of harassment on drinking may partly stem from harassment’s lingering effects on negative affective pathways.

Effect of Harassment, Stereotypes, and Distractions on Female Driving Behavior in Egypt

Effect of Harassment, Stereotypes, and Distractions on Female Driving Behavior in Egypt

Sexual harassment disproportionately affects ecology and evolution graduate students with multiple marginalized identities in the United States

Abstract Sexual harassment within academic institutions has profound impacts that may lead to the attrition of groups historically excluded from the biological sciences and related disciplines. To understand sexual harassment's effects on vulnerable communities within academia, we examined graduate student experiences with sexual harassment. In a survey of ecology and evolutionary biology programs across the United States, we found that 38% of the graduate student respondents were sexually harassed during their time in these programs. Sexual harassment disproportionately affected graduate students with multiple intersecting marginalized identities, and these experiences led to delays in completing graduate programs and shifts away from their desired careers. Our research highlights the need for academic institutions, and science more broadly, to make widespread changes to sexual harassment policies, including treating sexual harassment as scientific misconduct and creating resources for individuals within students’ informal support networks, in tandem with efforts to dismantle barriers to advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion.

Abusive and Discriminative towards Disability People in the Greatest Showman Movie Directed by Michael Gracey

The objective of this research is to analyze how the abusive and discriminatory behavior portrayed in the movie towards persons with disabilities, as well as the effects of abusive behavior and discrimination. This study used a descriptive-qualitative method, with the primary source being the original video of The Greatest Showman and secondary data coming from books, articles, and journals on the internet. Data collection was carried out by watching films and understanding the movie’s dialogue several times, as well as making observations to deepen issues that are relevant to the main issues being studied, namely abusive behavior and discrimination against persons with disabilities. These results strengthen the analysis using Keashly's theory that two types of abusive behavior were found: physical violence and verbal violence. For discrimination using the theory from the U.S. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission found several types of discrimination, namely disability discrimination, harassment discrimination, and race/skin color discrimination. The effects of harassment and discrimination are anxiety, violent behavior, psychological problems, marginalization, disempowerment, low self-esteem, and negative behavior.

Environmental effects on the dynamical evolution of star clusters in turbulent molecular clouds

Context. Star clusters form within giant molecular clouds that are strongly altered by the feedback action of the massive stars, but the cluster still remains embedded in a dense, highly turbulent medium and interactions with ambient structures may modify its dynamical evolution from that expected if it were isolated. Aims. We aim to study coupling mechanisms between the dynamical evolution of the cluster, accelerated by the mass segregation process, with harassment effects caused by the gaseous environment. Methods. We simulated the cluster dynamical evolution combining N-body and hydrodynamic codes within the Astronomical Multipurpose Software Environment (AMUSE). Results. Tidal harassment produces a sparser configuration more rapidly than the isolated reference simulations. The evolution of the asymptotic power-law density distribution exponent also shows substantially different behaviour in the two cases. The background is more effective on clusters in advanced stages of dynamical development.

Galaxy populations in the Hydra I cluster from the VEGAS survey

Context. Due to their relatively low stellar mass content and diffuse nature, the evolution of dwarf galaxies can be strongly affected by their environment. Analyzing the properties of the dwarf galaxies over a wide range of luminosities, sizes, morphological types, and environments, we can obtain insights about their evolution. At ∼50 Mpc, the Hydra I cluster of galaxies is among the closest cluster in the z ≃ 0 Universe, and an ideal environment to study dwarf galaxy properties in a cluster environment. Aims. We exploit deep imaging data of the Hydra I cluster to construct a new photometric catalog of dwarf galaxies in the cluster core, which is then used to derive properties of the Hydra I cluster dwarf galaxy population as well as to compare it with other clusters. Moreover, we investigate the dependency of dwarf galaxy properties on their surrounding environment. Methods. The new wide-field g- and r-band images of the Hydra I cluster obtained with the OmegaCAM camera on the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) in the context of the VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey (VEGAS) were used to study the dwarf galaxy population in the Hydra I cluster core down to r-band magnitude Mr = −11.5 mag. We used an automatic detection tool to identify dwarf galaxies from a ∼1 deg2 field centered on the Hydra I core, covering almost half of the cluster virial radius. The photometric pipeline was used to estimate the principal photometric parameters for all targets. Scaling relations and visual inspection were used to assess the cluster membership and construct a new dwarf galaxy catalog. Finally, based on the new catalog, we studied the structural (Sérsic index n, effective radius Re, and axis ratio) and photometric (colors and surface brightness) properties of the dwarf galaxies, also investigating how they vary as a function of clustercentric distance. Results. The new Hydra I dwarf catalog contains 317 galaxies with a luminosity between −18.5 &lt; Mr &lt; −11.5 mag, a semi-major axis larger than ∼200 pc (a = 0.84″), of which 202 are new detections, and previously unknown dwarf galaxies in the Hydra I central region. We estimate that our detection efficiency reaches 50% at the limiting magnitude Mr = −11.5 mag, and at the mean effective surface brightness μ̄e,r = 26.5 mag arcsec−2. We present the standard scaling relations for dwarf galaxies, which are color-magnitude, size-luminosity, and Sérsic n-magnitude relations, and compare them with other nearby clusters. We find that there are no observational differences for dwarfs scaling relations in clusters of different sizes. We study the spatial distribution of galaxies, finding evidence for the presence of substructures within half the virial radius. We also find that mid- and high-luminosity dwarfs (Mr &lt; −14.5 mag) become, on average, redder toward the cluster center, and that they have a mild increase in Re with increasing clustercentric distance, similar to what is observed for the Fornax cluster. No clear clustercentric trends are reported for surface brightness and Sérsic index. Considering galaxies in the same magnitude bins, we find that for high and mid-luminosity dwarfs (Mr &lt; −13.5 mag), the g − r color is redder for the brighter surface brightness and higher Sérsic n index objects. This finding is consistent with the effects of harassment and/or partial gas stripping.

Harassment’s Toll on Democracy: The Effects of Harassment Towards US Journalists

ABSTRACT Journalists in democratically “free” countries have faced harassment from those external to the newsroom for decades, though that has recently increased in the United States by many accounts. To assess the effects of such harassment in the United States, 32 journalists were interviewed and more than 500 surveyed about their experiences with harassment, and how it has affected their professional work. Journalists’ emotions, gender, and the frequency at which they experience harassment were predictors of affect-driven work behaviors such as avoiding interviewing someone, being less active on social media, and even considering leaving journalism. Younger journalists were also more likely to engage in affect-driven work behaviors. Harassment also affected journalists’ work attitude of job satisfaction—specifically incivility and disruptive harassment. This type of harassment is likely to decrease job satisfaction while supervisor support and larger organizational size are likely to increase satisfaction. In sum, harassment from viewers, readers, and strangers affects how journalists act and think about their work. This research adds to literature on Affective Events Theory by highlighting harassment from organizational outsiders (readers, viewers, and strangers) as an affective event with significant affect-driven behaviors and attitudes. Furthermore, there are practical implications for practitioners discussed at the end of this paper.

Effects of Harassment on Academic Performance: A Case of University Students of Lahore

This research study attempted to explore the effects of cyber harassment and traditional harassment on the academic performance of university students. Likewise, investigating the influence of this harassment on substance usage was another prime objective of the study. For this purpose, students of four Lahore based universities (2 public, 2 private) were taken as population. Similarly, using convenience sampling, 150 respondents from each university were selected to meet a total sample of 600 students. For data collection, a cross-sectional survey method was used; however, for data analysis, a one-way analysis of variance was done so that demographics differences could be checked. Whereas Pearson product-moment correlation was applied to tests the relationships between IVs and DVs. Results evidently found that the majority of the students faced one or both types of harassment, i.e. traditional and cyber, which resulted in their indulgence in substance usage practices.

Increasing the cost of female representation? The gendered effects of harassment, abuse and intimidation towards Parliamentary candidates in the UK

ABSTRACT Recently, the issue of harassment and intimidation of women in politics in long-established democracies has become a source of concern. Current research emphasizes that while women may be more frequently attacked, not all incidents of abuse against women in politics are of a gendered nature. This finding prompts further questions such as are women more frequently targeted because they are women and does such targeting inhibit women from fully participating in political campaigning? Using data from the Representative Audit of Britain’s survey of candidates contesting the 2019 General Election, this study shows that harassment has a negative electoral effect for women, even while controlling for the visibility of the candidate. This article argues that the harassment of women candidates in the UK is gendered, both in its motives and outcomes as it forces women to modify their campaign activities in ways that diminish their chances of gaining office. Our findings contribute to the theoretical and empirical understanding of violence towards women in politics and gendered political violence.

Sexual Harassment Experiences of Undergraduate Students of Kathmandu: A Qualitative Study

Despite the extensiveness of sexual harassment in Nepal, the studies addressing the subjective experiences of the victims are relatively less. This paper reports the qualitative data from a study of sexual harassment of 100 undergraduate students (80 female) from ages 18 to 24 (M=19.5, SD=1.40)of different colleges of Kathmandu collected through convenience sampling. Data was collected through the use of semi structured interview schedule. Thematic analysis was employed to generate the themes from the responses rendered by participants to the open-ended questions. Three overarching themes emerged from the analysis: experience of the incident, effects of harassment on mental health and education, and dealing with the consequence of harassment. Three sub-themes were subsumed within the first theme, namely: i) characteristics of harassment, ii) perception of harassment and immediate reactions, and iii) contextual factors surrounding harassment. In addition, the second theme revealed the consequences of sexual harassment on the psychological well-being and academic performance of the students. Finally, participants reported employing several coping mechanisms to deal with the consequences of sexual harassment, which are broadly categorized into interpersonal and intrapersonal coping strategies and subsumed within the third theme. These findings are discussed in the light of the existing relevant literature, and their practical implications are discussed in the paper.

Necessities of employee productivity in garment industries: challenges and effects of harassment, abuse and discrimination

Necessities of employee productivity in garment industries: challenges and effects of harassment, abuse and discrimination

İş Yerinde Cinsel Taciz ile İş Doyumu ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti İlişkileri: Kadın Mutfak Çalışanları Örneği

Nowadays, sexual harassment occurs frequently in all areas of business life. For this reason, there are many different studies about the social scale of sexual harassment in the literature. However, this research has been carried out because there are not enough studies investigating the effects of sexual harassment against hotel kitchen workers and the effects of these harassment on job satisfaction and intention to leave. The scale used in the research was prepared based on previous scientific studies in the literature. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between sexual harassment, job satisfaction and turnover intention. In accordance with this purpose; data through actively with the female employee who works in business hotels operating in the questionnaire were collected from different regions in Turkey. After the questionnaires were classified, analyzes were carried out on a total of 400 valid questionnaires. As a result of the findings obtained at the end of the study; It was concluded that sexual harassment-related behaviors in the workplace negatively affected women's job satisfaction, job performance and positive perceptions about the job and increased the perception of the intention to leave among female employees.

Harassment and Intimidation of Parliamentary Candidates in the United Kingdom

AbstractThe use of political violence to attain political goals has long been a source of concern. Once thought to be exclusive to countries with high levels of general violence, recent evidence suggests that harassment and intimidation of political elites in the UK is more widespread than previously thought. Using data from the 2017 general election candidate survey, we find that four in every ten candidates experienced at least one type of harassment. Evidence suggests that women and young candidates are more likely to suffer from harassment and intimidation. We conclude by formulating an agenda for future research, focussing, in particular, on the perception of harassment and the effect of harassment on political careers.

Necessities of Employee Productivity in Garment Industries: Challenges and effects of Harassment, Abuse and Discrimination

Harassment and discrimination are the common phenomena in human resource practices in the ready-made garments (RMG) industry. At the context of the research, in the Bangladeshi RMG industry, employ...

When Words Inflict Harm: Documenting Sexuality and Gender Identity Microaggressions in Schools for LGBTQQ Youth

Abstract Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer and questioning students are commonly thought of as vulnerable to bullying and harassment in US schools, although there is hope that school climates are improving for LGBTQQ youth with the implementation of anti-bullying legislation and policies in almost every state. Although these policies address most overt and physical forms of bullying, other insults, assaults and invalidations may continue undetected. These sexual orientation and gender identity microaggressions, identified in counseling literature, can help teacher educators, teachers and school administrators better understand the psychological, academic and health effects of negative stereotypes and perceptions of LGBTQQ youth that are unaddressed in schools. This paper analyzes prevalent discourses about LGBTQQ youth in schools for evidence of the microaggressions identified in the literature. Microaggressions are discussed and the effects of harassment and stereotyping on school belongingness are examined.

Workplace aggression: the effects of harassment on job burnout and turnover intentions

This article analyses the impact of harassment on job burnout and turnover intentions among a large sample of hospital nurses in Britain. It compares the effects of insider-initiated harassment from managers and colleagues with outsider-initiated harassment from patients and their relatives. The article also examines the effect of ethnicity and the impact of effective anti-harassment policies on job burnout and quit intentions. Results suggest firstly, that the insider or outsider characteristics of the perpetrator do help to shape the consequences of harassment for nurses and secondly, that effective anti-harassment policies do reduce turnover intentions, particularly for minority ethnic nurses.

Because God Said so: Religious Facets of Sexual and Gender Harassment in Christian Academia

The present study explored experiences of sexism (sexual and gender harassment) in a Christian university student population. This study assessed the frequency of sexism, documented how sexism is expressed in a Christian context, and evaluated the relationships between sexism and two outcomes, campus climate and college satisfaction. Additionally, it was hypothesized that attribution of gender harassment to the perpetrator's religious belief system would potentiate the negative effects of harassment. 187 female students completed an online questionnaire, including the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire—Short Form (SEQ), the General Campus Climate Scale (GCCS), and the MMPI-2 College Maladjustment Scale (CMS). Results indicated very low rates of sexual harassment. Also, religious attributions for gender harassment had a significantly negative relationship with the outcome variables although they did not moderate these outcomes. Qualitative descriptions of students’ experiences with gender harassment were recorded, shedding light on what gender harassing behaviors look like in Christian academia.

How effective is harassment on infalling late-type dwarfs?

A new harassment model is presented that models the complex, and dynamical tidal field of a Virgo like galaxy cluster. The model is applied to small, late-type dwarf disc galaxies (of substantially lower mass than in previous harassment simulations) as they infall into the cluster from the outskirts. These dwarf galaxies are only mildly affected by high speed tidal encounters with little or no observable consequences; typical stellar losses are $<10\%$, producing very low surface brightness streams ($\mu_B > 31$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$), and a factor of two drop in dynamical mass-to-light ratio. Final stellar discs remain disc-like, and dominated by rotation although often with tidally induced spiral structure. By means of Monte-Carlo simulations, the statistically likely influences of harassment on infalling dwarf galaxies are determined. The effects of harassment are found to be highly dependent on the orbit of the galaxy within the cluster, such that newly accreted dwarf galaxies typically suffer only mild harassment. Strong tidal encounters, that can morphologically transform discs into spheroidals, are rare occurring in $<15 \%$ of dwarf galaxy infalls for typical orbits of sub-structure within $\Lambda$CDM cluster mass halos. For orbits with small apocentric distances ($<$250 kpc), harassment is significantly stronger resulting in complete disruption or heavy mass loss ($>90 \%$ dark matter and $> 50 \%$ stellar), however, such orbits are expected to be highly improbable for newly infalling galaxies due to the deep potential well of the cluster.

Tourist harassment: A Marketing Perspective

Consumer services research contains few empirical studies of harassment involving tourists. Previous studies are largely in general typological terms. Relatively little is known about the effects of harassment on tourist behavior and on the host economy. The findings of this case study from Marmaris, Turkey suggest that a fundamental driver of harassment is the ambition of local businesses for greater benefits. It mostly took place on the street and the beach by vendors and the least occurred at hotel properties. A minority of respondents report forms such as sexual harassment, verbal abuse, physical abuse, and peddling of drugs.