Sharing Economy Research Articles

Factors affecting the downturn of traditional livestock husbandry in local communities of northwestern rangelands of Iran

Currently, a combination of natural and human factors has led to the lack of cost-effective production, resulting in the downturn of traditional animal husbandry (DTLH) in rural regions. This research aims to investigate the factors contributing to the DTLH in indigenous communities in northwestern Iran. The statistical population consisted of pastoralists residing in the villages of Namin-Ardabil, Iran. The research method employed was descriptive-analytical, and a questionnaire was used as the data collection tool. The sample size was determined by selecting approximately 5–10% of households in each village, preferably the household head. Friedman's test was utilized to prioritize the most significant factors influencing DTLH. The findings reveals that the most crucial economic criteria contributing to the DTLH were “the high cost of providing inputs and fodder required for livestock (mean rank = 11.12),” “more economic opportunities and access to well-paying employment opportunities in the city (mean rank = 8.99)”, and “low profit from livestock farming in the rangeland (mean rank = 10.60)”. Moreover, the most important social criteria were “uncertainty regarding the future well-being of children and the social and economic situation in the village (mean rank = 14.12)”, “motivation for academic and career development in urban areas (mean rank = 14.10)”, and “access to specialized and professional training opportunities in cities (mean rank = 13.80)”. Furthermore, the most crucial ecological criteria impacting the DTLH were “drought” (mean ran = 7.96)” and “non-implementation of range management plans and grazing permits” (mean rank = 6.07)”. In general, the results indicated that the ecological criteria had the highest impact on the DTLH, followed by social and economic criteria, with values of 41.1%, 34.6%, and 24.29%, respectively. Overall, understanding the challenges faced by traditional livestock husbandry and identifying the factors contributing to its decline is crucial for developing effective strategies to support and sustain this industry in rural areas.

Is the sharing economy a sustainable mode of consumption? An empirical case study of sharing of household goods and environmental rebound effects in a university context

The Sharing Economy has been suggested as a sustainable mode of consumption due to its potential to lower resource use and waste generation. A better understanding of sharing drivers, consumption dynamics, and their interlinkages is essential to suitably appraise the role that sharing practices can play in sustainable transitions. A survey of 654 participants from the EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; Switzerland) was carried out in order to investigate their household goods sharing practices. Among the participants, 328 people that borrowed household goods (takers) were identified and their responses were analysed to find motives and barriers for sharing household goods. Furthermore, Environmental Rebound Effects (EREs) were investigated with the consideration of psychological and economic factors that may influence them. The findings indicate that attitudes towards sharing household goods are most positively influenced by expected environmental impacts followed by enjoyment, economic savings, and social interactions. Negative influences include concerns about a potential loss of independence and lack of trust in people. However, it also turned out that EREs actually amounted to 102%, indicating that the motivating (direct) environmental benefits from sharing tend to be fully compensated for by the negative impacts derived from subsequent re-spending. The imperfect substitution of sharing and the moral licensing effect contributed to this result. Furthermore, consumers’ sharing rationale significantly influences the magnitude of EREs; either increased by economic motivations, or decreased by environmental motivations. Based on our results, we suggest that, to ensure the implementation of the Sharing Economy as a sustainable mode of consumption, it is necessary to increase awareness of the environmental rebound effects caused by re-spending. Consumers could thus be more motivated to share for environmental reasons, identify themselves with sustainability and decide to abstain from morally licensing themselves to re-spend their extra disposable income on Carbon Footprint intense activities.

Southern creative robotics – A collaborative framework to implement computational design, fabrication and robotics

Scientific knowledge, ideally neutral and impartial, is inevitably shaped by geographical, economic, and cultural contexts. This research contends that overcoming the constraints of human and economic scarcity, inertia, and limited funding access demands development of collaborative research networks. To this end, four university laboratories from Brazil and Chile - UFRJ, UBB, UTFSM and UAI - have united to advance robotics applied to architecture. The methodology begins with an analysis of Industry 4.0, Fab Lab implementations, and robotics in architecture in the region. They identify key research aspects by mapping each laboratory’s activities and technologies to pinpoint expertise and potential collaborative areas. The authors propose a summary table comparing the labs and a chronological overview to track regional robotics advancement. To raise awareness among peers, the initiative involves joint actions such as courses, workshops and technical visits. 1 Recognising the scarcity of robotic units and the inapplicability of procedures from wealthier contexts, the authors draw on their lab experience to propose guidelines for implementing robotics research units in academia within the region. This includes technological alternatives, installation considerations, and detailed configuration reviews. The deployment of additional robotic units is a means to foster collaboration and bolster the network. Anticipated outcomes encompass increased critical mass, collaborative research initiatives, faculty and student exchange across institutions, higher publication rates, knowledge acquisition, and improved access to global funding agencies. In summary, the Southern Creative Robotics network initiative aims to catalyse the creative integration of digital manufacturing and robotics technology within design in the Ibero-American context.

Barriers to initial COVID-19 booster among U.S. adults who completed a primary vaccine series in the CHASING COVID cohort, September 2021 - October 2022.

It is crucial to understand factors associated with COVID-19 booster uptake in the U.S. given the updated COVID-19 vaccine recommendations. Using data from a national prospective cohort (N=4,616) between September 2021-October 2022, we examined socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors of initial booster uptake among participants fully-vaccinated with the primary COVID-19 vaccines series. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the associations of each factor with time to initial booster uptake. Most participants (86.5%) reported receiving their initial booster. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, education, region, and employment, participants with greater risk for severe COVID-19 had similar booster uptake compared with those with lower risk (aHR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.14). Participants with greater barriers to healthcare (aHR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.96), food insecurity (aHR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.89), and housing instability (aHR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.90) were less likely to report receiving initial booster compared with those without those barriers. Factors motivating the decision to vaccinate changed from safety-related concerns for the primary series to perceived need for the booster. It is key to address economic and health access barriers to achieve equitable COVID-19 vaccine uptake and continued protection against COVID-19.

Predictors of Life Expectancy at Birth In Turkiye: A Longitudinal Study

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the impact of social, behavioral, economic and healthcare system related factors on life expectancy at birth in Turkiye. Methods: Enrollment rate in tertiary education, tobacco consumption gram per capita, out-of-pocket payments and GDP per capita were included as predictors. The data was obtained from the database of OECD, World Bank and Health Statistics Yearbooks published by Ministry of the Health for 2000-2019. Johansen Cointegration test was used to define the existence of the long-run statistical relationship between life expectancy at birth and the predictors. Results: Enrollment rate in tertiary education, GDP per capita and out-of-pocket payments are positively associated with life expectancy, while tobacco consumption gram per capita has a negative association. It has been concluded that short-term deviations from the equilibrium, using an error correction model, will reach long-term equilibrium approximately one year later. Granger causality test and the estimation result revealed that enrollment rate in tertiary education, tobacco consumption, out-of-pocket health expenditure, GDP per capita are the short-term and long-term causes of life expectancy at birth. Conclusion: This study provides important evidence for policymakers to allocate resources to the social, behavioral, healthcare-related and economic determinants of health status to increase life expectancy. In addition, the determination of out-of-pocket payments to have a positive relationship with life expectancy gives a clue about the need to make more efforts regarding the economic accessibility of healthcare services in the Turkish health system.

Towards cyber-cooperatives: Studying the sharing economy of the tourism industry through an evolutionary approach to organizational cybernetics

Purpose: The lodging industry is transitioning to the online collaborative economy, with digital platforms mediating between hosts and guests. However, this has created significant inequalities between the platform management and the service providers. Objective. The paper proposes (a) to contribute to organisational cybernetics through evolutionary theory, (b) to analyse the emergence of platform cooperativism, and (c) to propose a platform cooperative based on the VSM, which we have called a cyber-cooperative. Design: Applying cybernetic evolutionary epistemology and the VSM, the article analyses the current state of the platform lodging industry and proposes the core characteristics of the cyber-cooperative. Findings: The article finds: a) it contributes to the theory of viable systems by integrating evolutionary theory; b) it uses the proposed theory to explain the developments in the collaborative economy of the lodging industry; c) it relates meme theory with the identity of the system and identifies the political ideas in cooperative organisations; d) it proposes the idea of the cyber-cooperative for developing the lodging industry. Originality: Evolutionary epistemology in organisational cybernetics, and the politics of identity in cooperativism are both novel approaches in the VSM. Type of paper: Research paper.

The Awkward Sharing Economy: Its Status Quo and Prospect

This paper comprehensively analyzes the origins, current situation, and prospects of the sharing economy. The primary purpose is to present the issues and challenges confronting the sharing economy at its current, awkward stage of development and to make reasonable speculations about its future. The research is based on academic literature on the sharing economy from both domestic and international sources. The findings indicate that despite current shortcomings in the regulatory system, industry structure, and user behavior, the scope of the sharing economy’s applications could still expand, and its technology could continue to advance. Overall, the prospects for the sharing economy are likely to be promising.

Taxation Models and Improvement Proposals for Personal Income Tax in the Sharing Economy

As an innovative economic model, the sharing economy has seen rapid growth globally in recent years. It has not only brought a profound impact on traditional economies but also injected new vitality and momentum into the sustainable development of the social economy. However, for the sharing economy, the process of collecting personal income tax is facing several issues, such as the ambiguity of tax policies regarding personal income, challenges in identifying taxpayers, and difficulties in defining income. To achieve the fairness and efficiency of personal income tax collection in the sharing economy, this study proposes optimized regulatory mechanisms and conducts in-depth discussions on the adjustment of personal income tax policies, innovation in tax management technology, and improvement in the quality of personal income tax services.

Towards Sustainable Consumption: Generation Z’s Views on Ownership and Access in the Sharing Economy

The sharing economy substitutes owning with accessing, promoting sustainable development by reducing excessive consumption and resource overuse, which harm the environment. Sharing reduces resource and energy use, lowering emissions and waste disposal costs, thus reducing environmental damage. This study identifies key factors that encourage Generation Z to embrace the sharing economy for goods and services, emphasizing its role in sustainable development. Conducted in May 2023, the study surveyed 442 Polish Generation Z individuals to examine their attitudes and behaviours regarding climate change. The research focused on this demographic due to their crucial role in addressing global issues. Data was collected using the CAWI method and analyzed with IBM SPSS and AMOS software through structural equation modelling (SEM). The analysis revealed three factors: Willingness to Share for Savings (WSS), Digital Customer Engagement (DCE), and Environmental Concern (EC). The results show that ecological concerns and digital engagement significantly influence people’s willingness to share, boosting environmental awareness and cost-saving behaviours. Generation Z’s sharing propensity and environmental consciousness are significantly shaped by digital engagement.

Economic impact and food security effects of trade disruptions in agricultural products for Sweden

The COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical conditions in 2022–2023 highlighted the vulnerabilities of food supply chains to trade disruptions in agricultural inputs and foods, with the ensuing economic effects on producers and consumers. This study calculated the impact of various disruptions in the trade of agricultural inputs and outputs for Swedish producers and consumers and for food security. To this end, a mathematical programming model of the food sector with a spatial dimension was applied, which accounts for adjustments and interactions between producers and consumers of food. Food security is measured in terms of the self-sufficiency ratio, the ability to produce minimum dietary needs, and economic access for low-income households. The trade scenarios included disruptions to imports of agricultural inputs (fertilisers, fuel, feed, pesticides and foreign labour) and foods. The results showed that the economic effects for producers can be considerable, with a reduction in producer surplus by up to 75%. The decrease in consumer surplus is smaller, amounting to a maximum decrease of 21%. The self-sufficiency ratio and the ability to produce minimum dietary needs can be reduced by 55% and 61%, respectively, but may rise if the disruption to feed imports increases. Economic access to foods is slightly decreased in all scenarios. These results showing different impacts of trade disruptions on producers and consumers and food security metrics highlight the need to undertake extensive assessments to determine whether and how to prevent and mitigate their effects. The economic effects on producers and consumers and the associated impacts on food security are likely to differ, which affects the selection and targeting of policies, such as compensation for economic losses and promotion of food security.

The Impact of Tourism Villages on the Income of Temajuk Village Residents, Paloh District

This study aimed to identify and describe the changes in the income of the community in Temajuk village economically after it was designated as a tourism village in 2021. The aspects of income changes observed in this study were: a) sources of income; b) amount of income; and c) distribution of income. This is a descriptive qualitative research with direct communication of data collecting techniques. The tools of data collection were interview guidelines in which the respondents were selected using saturated sampling. Data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. The results showed that socio-economic changes in the community related to aspects of income sources were in the form of micro-enterprises such as canteens, tire-repair shops, rental of buoys for swimming, and laundry services for locals and tourists. From the aspects of the amount of income, it showed the increase of income. The amount of income was measured by comparing the income of individual communities in the village of Temajuk. Socio-economic changes based on the aspects of the income gap between community groups can be concluded that it depended on various factors such as differences in economic opportunities access in the coastal and mountainous areas of Temajuk village, the ownership of homestay businesses, canteens and so on, and also the education and skills of the tourism managers.

Sustainable Innovation in the Digital Age: Analyzing the Motivations of the Young Generation in Joining the Sharing Economy

The main goal of the article is to identify the most important motives of young consumers in Georgia to participate in business models of the sharing economy (car-, ride-, accommodation-, tool-, meal-, tech-, and fashion-sharing), as well as to justify the dominant form of participation (as users or as providers of sharing services). The study is based on a survey conducted in Georgia in 2023 of 60 young people aged 18 to 27 who identify as potential participants in the sharing economy. The study is structured as follows: in the first stage, participants were given specific scenarios for various categories of shared goods and services using digital platforms (relevant for the younger generation), in which they had to estimate the probability of their interest; at the second stage, it was determined which motives (financial, social, or environmental) are decisive in choosing the scenarios that aroused the most significant interest. The study showed that for all types of serial business models, the desire to be a user of e-services significantly outweighs the desire to be their provider: this gap is the largest for car-, accommodation-, and fashion-sharіng services, and the smallest for ride-, tool-, and meal-sharing services. Economic motives turned out to be dominant for those who see themselves as consumers of sharing services and those who are ready to be their providers. They have the biggest influence on tech-sharing sector. Social motives (peer influence and community involvement) appeared to be more critical for providers than consumers, with their influence being the strongest in the ride-, accommodation-, and fashion-sharing sectors. For young consumers in Georgia, environmental awareness turned out to be the most significant motive to participate in the sharing economy mainly in the car-sharing industry. For users of sharing services, the impact of the environmental factor appeared to be greater than for their potential providers. The constructed correlation matrices proved that for consumers of sharing services the following pairwise correlations are the most significant: car- and accommodation-sharing, car- and fashion-sharing, accommodation- and fashion-sharіng; while for providers the most significant are: car- and tech-sharіng, accommodation- and meal-sharing, tool- and meal-sharing, fashion- and tech-sharing.

Unlocking the potentials of hybrid business models in the sharing economy: an integrative review and new research agenda

ABSTRACT Based on a review and synthesis of literature on Hybrid Business Models (HBMs) and the sharing economy (SE), this study advances a conceptual framework for HBMs in the context of the SE. The study sheds light on key research themes within the domain of HBMs, encompassing value proposition, governance and coordination, resource allocation, sustainability, reputation building, communication channels, and key sharing ecosystem partners. These models integrate elements such as access, platform, and the community-based economy, which are crucial for SE dynamics. This integration represents the best of both approaches, creating a balanced strategy and strengthening overall business operations The managerial implications, including the need for managers to leverage information technology for developments, are identified and outlined.

Advantages of the Decentralized Sharing Economy - Take Ethereum Platform as an Example

In this era of rapid development of online transactions and platform economies, many companies operate as intermediaries between Party A and Party B in transactions and gain profits from every transaction. The "middleman", that is, the intermediary, mainly introduces Party A's resources in the form of a platform and allows more users to see and understand Party A's resource information. Platform users, that is, Party B, can save them from searching for the resources they want during the intermediary's promotion and introduction. time cost; however, some intermediaries take advantage of the process of transferring Party B's money to Party A as an intermediary and use some unfair means to obtain profits that exceed their original gains in the transaction as an intermediary, thus causing information between Party A and Party B. Asymmetry creates ambiguity, leading to serious problems in transactions. In this work, we will discuss the advantages of the decentralized sharing economy. Furthermore, this paper will focus on analyzing the shortcomings of intermediary operations in contemporary society from the perspective that intermediaries need to spend a lot of time and economic costs to establish credibility, the lack of intermediaries which are controlled artificially, and the friction of platform p2p transactions. Targeting the above three aspects, the paper will also explain and analyze the operating model of Ethereum to demonstrate that Ethereum is a better online transaction model that can replace the artificial intermediary model in contemporary times.

Mapping research in the Journal of Innovation & Knowledge to sustainable development goals

This study critically evaluates the contributions of the Journal of Innovation & Knowledge (JIK) toward advancing research aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol for systematic literature review. We meticulously examine JIK’s interdisciplinary research patterns, thematic focuses, and topic evolution, emphasizing the journal’s engagement with SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 4 (Quality Education). By utilizing advanced techniques such as co-citation mapping and BERTopic modeling, this study identifies six major topics within the JIK, aligning with specific SDGs: “EcoTech Revolution” highlights ‘green technology,’ “Entrepreneurial Innovation” focuses on ‘innovation management,’ “Economy 4.0” centers on ‘digital transformation,’ “Effectual Innovation” involves ‘technological innovation capability,’ “Collaborative Economy” addresses ‘sharing economy sustainability,’ and “Green Innovation” explores ‘eco-innovation.’ These topics underscore JIK’s role in advancing interdisciplinary research across key areas such as technology, entrepreneurship, the digital economy, practical innovation applications, collaborative consumption models, and environmental sustainability. Our findings highlight gaps, particularly in addressing SDG 5 (Gender Equality) and SDG 15 (Life on Land), presenting opportunities for JIK to diversify its research agenda toward a more inclusive sustainability discourse. Contributions from a global array of authors underscore JIK’s international impact and its role in fostering diverse sustainability perspectives.

Inklusi Keuangan dan Pemberdayaan Ekonomi: Evaluasi Efektivitas Produk Keuangan Syariah dalam Meningkatkan Akses Keuangan bagi Masyarakat Marginal

Financial inclusion and economic empowerment have become major focal points in efforts to improve financial access for marginalized communities. This is particularly crucial in the current global context where economic inequality and access to financial services remain serious issues. This article aims to evaluate the role of Shariah-compliant financial products in supporting financial inclusion and economic empowerment among marginalized groups. The literature review method used in this article provides a strong foundation for collecting and analyzing various related articles, including policy reviews and market analyses. Through in-depth review, this article illustrates that Shariah-compliant financial products have significant potential to provide more inclusive, transparent, and sustainable solutions in enhancing financial access for marginalized communities. Key factors such as trust, understanding of Shariah principles, and supportive regulations are also emphasized as essential elements in strengthening the effectiveness of these financial products. Additionally, the implications of the findings in this article are crucial in providing guidance for stakeholders, regulators, and financial practitioners. By understanding the potential and advantages of Shariah-compliant financial products, stakeholders can develop more effective strategies to improve financial inclusion and economic empowerment among marginalized communities. Thus, this article not only provides insights but also offers a clear direction for further steps in strengthening financial access for all layers of society, while promoting sustainable and inclusive economic development.

Political Economy of Sharing and Using Multisectoral Food Systems Data in Nigeria

Political Economy of Sharing and Using Multisectoral Food Systems Data in Nigeria

Young Consumers’ Satisfaction and Intention in Sharing Economy Using the Case of Airbnb

This paper sought to investigate young consumers’ satisfaction and intention in sharing economy using Airbnb as the ideal case company. In doing so the entity sought to fill up gaps in the literature on hotel management, since the study discovered that there is no detailed concept of consumer behaviour in the process of providing services as an intermediary platform in the market. In ensuring these gaps were adequately filled the study relied on quantitative research methods which ensured that voluminous data was collected within limited time limits and included using questionnaire survey, and finally have the collected data analysed using SPSS. Accordingly, the study found out that customer satisfaction has a general positive relationship towards young customer’s intention to use Airbnb. This was has been gained as a result of benefits of the share economy that customers tend to gain through affordability, familiarity, trust or even offering customers a feeling of belonging that induce higher satisfaction and eventually high intention to use Airbnb. Therefore, the study recommends that Airbnb should consider offering customized services for different markets and also, the entity should also increase investment in innovation so that it can enable it come up with winning products within Airbnb hence increase the customers satisfaction and resultant customer intention.

FOOD SECURITY: DEFINITION AND EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT

Objective. The objective of the article is to study the evolution of the concept of «food security» and to substantiate the feasibility of forming new approaches to its definition. Methods. The study uses general scientific and research methods: theoretical generalization and comparison (to summarize the definitions of approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of «food security» and changes in the definition of «food security» from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), analysis and synthesis (to determine the factors influencing the change in the concept of «food security»), systematization of definitions (to determine similar views of scientists). Results. The article examines the concept of «food security» as an important socio-economic category that has been transformed over the millennia, reflecting the means of preserving humanity from hunger to meet individual needs at the present stage of development and summarizes its definition. Comparing the definition of «food security» according to the FAO and leading scholars such as Megan Carney, Raj Patel, Shenggen Fan and others, it is necessary to emphasize the areas in which this concept is considered and supplemented, namely social justice, economic development, sustainable agriculture, environmental sustainability, etc. Scientists emphasize that food security is not limited to physical access to food, but also includes the right kind of food, social justice in the distribution of resources and access to them, and the need to preserve the environment. That is, on the one hand, food security is a broad enough concept to be globally oriented, taking into account the needs and conditions of different countries and regions of the world, and on the other hand, at the individual level, it reflects physical, social, and economic access to safe and nutritious food for any person in any time of need, which meets dietary needs and food preferences, which, in turn, ensure an active, fulfilling and healthy life. Thus, the FAO's definition of food security is more general and globally oriented, while the views of the scientists considered in the research provide a more specific and comprehensive approach. In order to address the issue of food security effectively it is important to take into account not only physical access to food but also a wide range of social, economic and environmental factors.

Gambling preferences and fund company ownership: Evidence from China

This paper empirically tests the preference of China's public mutual funds for lottery-type equities, analyzing data from equity funds in the country's public mutual fund market from 2005 to 2022. The study finds that this gambling preference positively correlates with short-term fund performance, but negatively impacts long-term outcomes. Further investigation shows that the funds' propensity for gambling increases stock market volatility. However, fund company ownership can mitigate this risk amplification by implementing a risk-sharing structure. Additionally, a significant positive correlation exists between the mutual fund industry's gambling inclination and fund managers' optimism about future market movements. Finally, this article employs text analysis to explore the influence of gambling preferences from a non-quantitative information perspective, which helps control the investing behavior of institutional investors and enhances the real economy's access to the capital market.