China's Economy Research Articles

A Prospective Study on the Economic Effects of China-GCC FTA - Simulation and Analyses Based on GTAP Model

In the context of the "Belt and Road" initiative, this paper is based on the China-GCC FTA negotiations, and uses the Global Trade Analysis Model (GTAP) to construct six scenarios of tariff reduction in key sectors and reduction of technical barriers to trade (TBT) between China and the GCC countries, and to assess the impacts of the construction of the FTA on the economies of China and related countries. The paper shows that increased trade liberalization has a positive economic impact on the China-GCC FTA. At the same time, tariff changes in the manufacturing and oil and gas industries dominated the tariff reductions, but the reduction of technical barriers to trade (TBT) has a particularly significant impact compared to tariffs. Bilateral trade will contribute more remarkably to China's continued economic growth than in the GCC countries. Reductions in trade barriers will effectively boost production demand in Chinese and GCC countries, contributing imports, exports and output, which will benefit both economies, specially, China's trade surpluses increasing particularly in various sectors.

Chinese Digital Economy: Current Situations, Problems, and Recommendations

The rapid development of the digital economy is transforming global business models and social interactions. By 2025, global e-commerce transactions are anticipated to reach $6.86 trillion, underlining the importance of the digital economy as a major force for economic expansion. China's digital economy, having reached RMB 50.2 trillion in 2023 and comprising 41.5% of its GDP, is notably advancing, catalyzing the transformation of traditional industries and fostering new business models. Significant investments in digital infrastructure such as 5G, big data centers, AI, and the industrial internet underscore China's commitment to technological innovation. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, including talent shortages, data security, and privacy concerns, as well as the digital divide. Addressing these issues involves enhancing digital talent training and introduction, improving data security regulations, and promoting coordinated regional development. This study is of great practical value in guiding policy formulation, optimizing resource allocation, and promoting the inclusive application of digital technologies, which will help promote the healthy and rapid development of China's digital economy, ensure that all levels of society can benefit from the advancement of the digital economy, and achieve comprehensive economic and social transformation and upgrading.

Data-Driven Market Segmentation: K-means Clustering and STP Analysis in Mainland China's Sportswear Industry

Post-Covid-19, mainland China's economy is gradually recovering, leading to increased sportswear sales. This study integrates STP theory (segmentation, targeting, positioning) with the K-means clustering algorithm to analyze the sportswear market in mainland China. Consumer data was collected via a questionnaire survey, pre-processed, and cleaned before applying K-means clustering to segment consumers into four distinct groups. The analysis reveals significant differences in purchasing habits across these segments. This data-driven approach offers sportswear companies insights for targeted marketing strategies, enhancing the precision and effectiveness of their marketing efforts in mainland China.

Research on Management and Sustainable Development Strategy of Food Enterprises under ESG Concepts

In the field of economic and social development, people often mention and pay attention to the development of enterprises. However, in the past, people's attention was often focused on the sustainable development of enterprises based on the evaluation of enterprise financial indicators. As an important part of China's economy, enterprises shoulder the heavy responsibility of taking the road of sustainable development, and the implementation of sustainable development strategy is an inevitable choice faced by enterprises in China. ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) concept is a key factor for the sustainable development of enterprises, and it is also an investment decision-making concept recognized by the international community.

Wanghong e-commerce in/as China’s economic transformation: A case study of beauty wanghong

This article examines the crucial encounter between wanghong and e-commerce in the specific process of China’s platformization. We develop a threefold (macro-meso-micro) approach that combines perspectives from political economy, critical industry studies, and ethnographic research to identify and unpack the heterogeneous actors and actions in the evolution of wanghong e-commerce, using beauty wanghong as a case study. Drawing upon document studies (146 documents between 2001 and 2022) and 21 semi-structured interviews (supplemented by ethnographic field observations over seven months in 2018), we argue that: first, the contrast between strong consumer demand (activated by beauty wanghong) and poorly developed retail and distribution channels in the Chinese beauty industry provides a precondition for the emergence of beauty wanghong e-commerce; second, e-commerce platform Alibaba has boosted and institutionalized the convergence of wanghong and e-commerce, developing a new “social commerce model” that integrates social networking with entertainment in the context of e-commerce transactions; finally, China’s ongoing economic transformation has created possibilities and challenges for wanghong e-commerce and energized this new “social commerce” business model. The articulation of the wanghong and e-commerce is a result—and also a stage—of the integration of the manufacturing industry and platform economy in China. It is a consequence, yet an embodiment of China’s economic transformation.

Savior or saboteur? A nationwide study on digital economy and depression in China

The regional boom in digital economy has provided people with remote conversations and socialization while reducing the risk of depression. This study aims to elucidate whether regional digital economy can be a savior for individual depression. The multi-source dataset collects 11,845 individuals from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2018 (CHARLS), with the combination of corresponding regional data from China City Statistical Yearbooks. A series of regressions with integrated mediation and moderation analyses are employed to bridge the link between the digital economy and depression. The results suggest that people living in areas with a higher level of digital economy are less likely to suffer from depression. The development of the digital economy helps people find solace or air grievances more easily, thereby reducing the risk of depression. Individual information and communications technology (ICT) engagement is found to mediate the relationship between the regional digital economy and individual depression. Residence type moderates the association between the three casual pairs of digital economy, ICT engagement, and depression. Improved digitization stimulates personal engagement with ICTs, which in turn expands social connections and support. Strengthened social interactions naturally keep depression away. Moreover, the urban-rural differences further confirm the underlying mechanism. Properly embracing the new digital world can therefore benefit from the transformative potential and mitigate depressive outcomes.

Coordinated measurement of marine economy: High-quality and low-carbon development in China

The marine economy needs high-quality development, as severe greenhouse effect has become a global concern and carbon emission reduction has been an essential target of marine economy growth. However, a lack of synergistic research in the field of marine economy development and carbon emissions has hindered progress. This study explores the critical interactive relationship between the high-quality and low-carbon development in China's marine economy, aiming to foster green development in coastal urban agglomerations and enhance ecological security alongside economic growth. Despite the importance, comprehensive analysis across multiple dimensions of high-quality and low-carbon development of marine economy remains scarce. This paper establishes a systematic and scientific evaluation index system, utilizing text analysis technology and the Panel Vector Autoregression Model (PVAR) to quantitatively assess the complex system relationship between these dimensions. The results including: (1) The development of a 23 nodes tree structure through a bottom-up, multi-level coding method, effectively addressing the complexity of the current evaluation system for high-quality development of the marine economy. (2) Moran's I of subsystems are all negative, presenting an obvious high-low agglomeration characteristics. The discovery that intra-group differences exceed inter-group ones in marine economic development, indicates that the need for synergistic development among the provinces within marine economic circles. (3) The identification of significant bidirectional interactions between open and shared high-quality development and low-carbon development, with a notable lag effect in responses. The predominant role of innovation in all subsystems underscores the centrality of the marine innovation environment and factors as key drivers in the synergy of high-quality and low-carbon development in the marine economy.

Spatiotemporal Coupling Relationship between Higher Education and Economic Development in China: Based on Interprovincial Panel Data from 2012 to 2023

This study explored the relationship between education and the economy in China, focusing on 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions from 2012 to 2023. It developed an appropriate evaluation model to assess the coupling and collaborative development of the ‘higher education and economy’ composite system. The study quantified both the quantity and quality of higher education modernization in China using the entropy-weight method and a comprehensive development- level evaluation model. The coupling-coordination degree model was applied to empirically analyze the internal logic, operating mechanisms, and coupling-coordination degree between the supply of higher education and the demand for high-quality regional economic development within the context of the new development pattern. Additionally, the obstacle degree model was introduced to identify factors hindering the coupling and coordination of higher education and regional economic development across 31 provinces and municipalities. The findings revealed that (1) the modernization levels of higher education exhibited fluctuating yet overall upward trends, with the eastern region leading. Economic development followed a similar upward trajectory, with the eastern region outperforming other areas. (2) The coupling coordination between higher education and economic development followed a ‘rising-falling-rising’ pattern. (3) The higher education system emerged as the primary obstacle to coupling coordination, with specific challenges varying across different regions.

Non-Tectonic Geohazards of Guangdong Province, China, Monitored Using Sentinel-1A/B from 2015 to 2022.

Guangdong Province, home to 21 cities and a permanent population of 127.06 million people, boasts the largest provincial economy in China, contributing 11.76% to the national GDP in 2023. However, it is prone to geological hazards due to its geological conditions, extreme weather, and extensive human activities. Geohazards not only endanger lives but also hinder regional economic development. Monitoring surface deformation regularly can promptly detect geological hazards and allow for effective mitigation strategies. Traditional ground subsidence monitoring methods are insufficient for comprehensive surveys and rapid monitoring of geological hazards in the whole province. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology using satellite images can achieve wide-area geohazard monitoring. However, current geological hazard monitoring in Guangdong Province based on InSAR technology lacks regional analysis and statistics of surface deformation across the entire province. Furthermore, such monitoring fails to analyze the spatial-temporal characteristics of surface deformation and disaster evolution mechanisms by considering the local geological features. To address these issues, current work utilizes Sentinel-1A/B satellite data covering Guangdong Province from 2015 to 2022 to obtain the wide-area surface deformation in the whole province using the multi-temporal (MT) InSAR technology. Based on the deformation results, a wide-area deformation region automatic identification method is used to identify the surface deformation regions and count the deformation area in each city of Guangdong Province. By analyzing the results, we obtained the following findings: (1) Using the automatic identification algorithm we identified 2394 deformation regions. (2) Surface subsidence is concentrated in the delta regions and reclamation areas; over a 4 cm/year subsidence rate is observed in the hilly regions of northern Guangdong, particularly in mining areas. (3) Surface deformation is closely related to geological structures and human activities. (4) Sentinel-1 satellite C-band imagery is highly effective for wide-area geological hazard monitoring, but has limitations in monitoring small-area geological hazards. In the future, combining the high-spatial-temporal-resolution L-band imagery from the NISAR satellite with Sentinel-1 imagery will allow for comprehensive monitoring and early warning of geological hazards, achieving multiple geometric and platform perspectives for geological hazard monitoring and management in Guangdong Province. The findings of this study have significant reference value for the monitoring and management of geological disasters in Guangdong Province.

Nonlinear Nexus between Agricultural Tourism Integration and Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity in China

The integration of agriculture and tourism has emerged as a potential strategy to boost agricultural productivity and promote sustainable rural development in China. This study investigates the impact of agricultural tourism integration (ATI) on agricultural green total factor productivity (AGTFP) in China, filling a research gap in understanding the complex dynamic nexus. We examine the mediating role of the agricultural industrial structure adjustment index (AISAI) and the threshold effects of ATI and human capital level (HCL) using a panel dataset of 30 Chinese provinces from 2011 to 2021. The empirical results reveal three key findings: (1) ATI has a significant positive impact on AGTFP growth; (2) the AISAI partially mediates the relationship between ATI and AGTFP; and (3) ATI and HCL have a double-threshold effect and a single-threshold effect on the ATI-AGTFP nexus, respectively. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of ATI in promoting AGTFP varies across different stages of integration and levels of human capital development. The empirical results contribute to the literature on rural development strategies by providing an in-depth understanding of how ATI influences agricultural productivity and sustainability. Based on these findings, we propose targeted policy recommendations to optimize ATI strategies and invest in human capital to improve the resilience and sustainability of rural economies in China.

Forecasting the output of high-tech industry in China: A novel nonlinear grey time-delay multivariable model with variable lag parameters

Under the rapidly developing economy in China, accurate forecasting holds vital significance for policymaking and operational planning within the high-tech industry. However, the influencing factors affecting the output, accompanied by the time-delay effect, could be nonlinear, and uncertain. Thereby, this paper proposes a new nonlinear grey multivariable model with time-varying lag parameters. To be specific, the newly designed time delay function and power exponent are introduced, which can significantly enhance the adaptability and flexibility of the proposed method. The Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm is utilized to calculate the dynamic time lag parameters and power exponent to improve the prediction reliability. Furthermore, this new approach is applied to predict the high-tech industry’s output in China, Shanghai Municipality, and the Eastern Region, with due consideration given to the time-delay effect between input factors and outputs. To assess its efficacy, some leading models are selected for comparison to the proposed model. Furthermore, the utilization of Monte-Carlo simulation, the Probability Density Analysis, and the simulations are used to demonstrate the robustness and stability of this new method. The findings show that the proposed model is a feasible and applicable approach for prediction, exhibiting outstanding accuracy.

The many histories of Alibaba: Theories and practices of the political economy in China

This essay provides brief accounts of some critical historical moments of Alibaba, one of China’s leading platforms, against the backdrop of the country’s accelerated market-oriented reforms since the 1990s. These accounts illustrate three theoretical approaches to explain the political-economic prerequisite of Alibaba’s growth: the neoliberal model, the developmental state, and the market transition theories. The essay concludes with challenges to the systematic conceptualization of the state–market relation in which Chinese platforms are embedded.

Analysis of the Path to Promote the Integrated Development of the Digital Economy and The Real Economy in the New Era

With the continuous development of economy and society, China's digital economy, as a separate concept, has become a driving force to promote the development of the real economy. Promoting the integration of the digital economy and the real economy is not only the main trend of realizing the scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, but also a necessary way to ensure the effective development of China's overall economy. This paper will explain the path analysis of promoting the integration and development of the digital economy and the real economy in the new era, expound the positive significance of the integration of the two, and put forward the relevant paths of the integration of the two.

Study on the treatment of black and odorous water bodies by aeration combined with sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR

ABSTRACT As China's economy grows rapidly, there is a growing problem of rural water pollution, particularly regarding black and odorous water bodies. However, the current treatment technologies have proven inadequate in both nitrogen and phosphorus removal, primarily due to the insufficient carbon-to-nitrogen ratio in these black and odorous water bodies, resulting in low nitrogen removal efficiency. To address this challenge, the study proposes a novel treatment process, namely ‘aeration + sulfur-iron autotrophic denitrification MBBR’. This innovative approach was compared with the traditional ‘aeration + MBBR’ treatment process and blank control group over an 18-day experimental period. Ten water quality indicators were monitored and compared, including odor, turbidity, DO, pH, COD, BOD5, NH3-N, NO3-N, TN, and TP. The results revealed satisfactory performance of both treatment processes in terms of odor, turbidity, DO, COD, BOD5, and NH3-N indicators. However, significant disparities were observed in denitrification and phosphorus removal, with the new process achieving removal rates of 85.65 and 78.02%, respectively, compared to −2.30 and −4.05% for the existing process. Furthermore, the new process met the surface water class IV quality standard for all 10 monitored indicators, indicating its potential for effectively addressing the issue of black and odorous water in rural China.

Multimedia Innovation and Integration of Folk Art Elements in Interior Design

In the long history, China has accumulated a large number of excellent traditional cultures, especially folk-art elements, which are very rich in content and are good design materials and inspiration sources. With the development of China's economy and society, people's requirements for interior decoration have become higher, so multimedia graphic design to meet users' personalized needs is a typical implicit optimization problem. Therefore, this paper combines folk art elements with modern digital processing technology and interior design of image processing, and at the same time, the improved interactive genetic algorithm introduces users' subjective evaluation into the design process, allowing users to participate in the design work. Experiments show that the algorithm can effectively meet the personalized needs of customers in the process of graphic design. It has played a positive role in the integration of national art and modern interior design and the embodiment of national characteristics in modern multimedia design.

Review on the Impact of Corporate ESG Practices on China's Economy and Society

ESG has become a popular topic in the current international community, and it is also an important direction and perspective for academic research at home and abroad. There are many empirical studies on ESG, but few review literatures. Based on the methods of literature research, comparative analysis, and historical research, this paper sorts out and summarizes the existing Chinese literature on ESG and its connotation, corporate performance, corporate governance, macroeconomic transformation, and ESG localization. The results show that ESG practices positively correlate with corporate financial performance, and good corporate governance helps improve corporate management. In addition, ESG is conducive to improving corporate resource utilization efficiency, promoting corporate green transformation, helping enterprises cope with economic transformation challenges, promoting China's social transformation, and building a localized ESG system.

The Impact of MBS on Chinese Real Estate

In the context of the global economic contraction, predicting the future development of China's economy has become one of the key research fields. Real estate, one of the driving forces of China's development, has slowed down in recent years, triggering a series of economic chain reactions. The development of asset securitization is constantly becoming the direction of global financial innovation. Asset securitization has become one of the financial businesses that financial institutions are competing to expand due to its characteristics of dispersing risks and enhancing fund liquidity. Housing mortgage-backed securitization is one of the earliest and most highly regarded models of asset securitization, and its emergence has provided new vitality for the development of the real estate industry in the United States, it also brought about a terrifying crisis. This paper mainly deals with the introduction of MBS, the impact of MBS on banks, and the future trend of real estate under the influence of MBS. The article provides concrete data to support the argument.

In the Context of Dual Carbon, the Application of Advanced Technology in the Digital Economy

The digital economy which counts on the application of information nets and platforms is serving as the main element for the development of modern economic system. In China, this has resulted in production competence, the construction of new occupations, and a synergistic effect in countless trades. China has been catching up speedily and getting into online retail trades by a great margin. The digital economy overall increases carbon release. The nation must engage in a strategy that can enhance the adoption and advantage of the digital economy and at the same time can also decrease the impact of technology on its environment. This paper discusses the application of advanced technology in the digital economy of China in the context of dual carbon.

Empirical evidence on digitization enabling the transition to a green economy in China.

In the context of the new normal, enhancing digitalization to empower the transition to a green economy is a critical instrument to promote China's economic transition from virtual to real sectors. It is also a necessary approach to realize the high-quality economic development in China. Based on panel data of 282 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2011 to 2020, the study employs panel regression, spatial metrics, and other methods to explore the impact of urban digitization on the transition to a green economy from the dimensions of direct and indirect transmission mechanism, as well as heterogeneous effects. The findings reveal that digitalization not only exerts a positive effect on the green transition but also generates significant spatial spillover effects. The influence of digitization level on green economic transition exhibits notable regional heterogeneity. Advancement in digitization can foster green economic transition by catalyzing green technological innovation. While digitalization contributes to the green transition by optimizing the structure of energy consumption, its mediating effect is relatively modest. Therefore, it is essential to fortify the supply of digital innovative technology and strengthen digitalization and green technology innovation to jointly facilitate the transition to a green economy. This necessitates the implementation of differentiated development paths for digitization-enabled green economic transition in various regions.

Evaluating the Role of GDP Per Capita in Shaping Internal Migration Patterns in China: A Spatial Econometric and Regression Analysis Approach

This article demonstrates the links between immigration and the economy in China. It aims to uncover the complex interdependencies between GDPs per capita, education, and healthcare. Therefore, it is important to inform public discourse, develop evidence-based policies, and contribute to a more complete understanding of the impact of immigration on the economy. To complete this essay, Firstly, I surfed on some research programmes such as Jstor and Google Scholar; I found some essays about immigration trends in China in the dimension of provinces. In the main body of the research, I utilized some bar graphs and statistical strategies to demonstrate the relationship between the economic factors influencing the immigration trend, whether it is positive or negative. firstly, the graphs are used to illustrate the significant GDP difference between the top provinces and the ones that are poor in GDP per per capita. In the following graphs, I used the regression analysis to indicate the relationship between GDPs per capita and internal immigration (capital per inflow into provinces in a year).