Economic Society Research Articles

Mobilization Approach to Science Management: between Ideology and Technology

The forced use of mobilization technologies in the modernization of Russian society, including primarily the technological modernization of the economy, has become inevitable in current conditions. The scale of application of mobilization models and activities, their combination with the market environment are the subject of analysis. Scientific production, as part of the economy and part of society, cannot remain aloof from these changes. And it is very important that simplified schemes of organization and governance are not transferred to science, but that it adapts to new conditions, which is acceptable for science, i.e. academic freedoms were preserved as much as possible and self-organization developed. Mobilization in science without harm to science and for the benefit of society is possible in the form of the development of project-based form of financing and organization of fundamental research, as well as in the form of programs and projects of a full-cycle research and development.

Company Performance Improvement Strategy at Pt Angkasa Pura 1 Branch of General Ahmad Yani Airport, Semarang

Business is a daily activity that produces goods or services, has the aim of creating jobs, meeting daily needs with goods and services, and improving the economy of society. Business people must implement strategic steps due to increasingly fierce business competition and the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic resulting in paralysis of the world economy (Agung, et. all 2022). analyze whether the cost leadership strategy can improve revenue performance at PT Angkasa Pura 1 Semarang. The research used is a type of qualitative research that involves the use and collection of various materials derived from potential data collection activities, namely by interviews, observations, and collecting data as necessary from documents. Techniques used in data collection by conducting in-depth interviews with respondents. Competitive strategy and business strategy, which includes industrial organization, resource-based viewpoints, dynamic capabilities, and theory. The overall cost leadership strategy is implemented to gain competitive advantage by reducing operating costs below operating costs incurred, cost suppression will have an impact on low product selling prices, so as to attract consumers while still generating profits. This research is qualitative research by conducting in-depth interviews with resource persons both from internal and external companies, where there is limited time to meet with resource persons because the interview process is carried out during working operational hours and the many activities of resource persons

Self-activation of Ferro-chemistry based advanced oxidation process towards in-situ recycling of spent LiFePO4 batteries

Increasing application of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) is boosting the generation of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries. Sustainable and cost-effective recycling these batteries with less value-added metals is crucial for the fulfillment of circular economy society. Here, in-situ advanced oxidation metallurgy technology was innovatively proposed towards selective extraction of Li from LiFePO4 by Fenton oxidation, instead of conventional metallurgical processes. Li can be completely liberated without destructing olive type structure of LiFePO4 with the formation of FePO4 precursors. Mechanism revealed by DFT calculations and chemical reaction analysis indicates that the oxidation of Fe(II) in LiFePO4 and release of Li+ is mainly initiated by the rapid attack of a large number of •OH during advanced oxidation process. Liberated Li+ was recovered as Li2CO3 and used with FePO4 as precursors to re-fabricate LiFePO4. The recovered LiFePO4 shows sound electrochemical performances with initial discharge capacity of 138.9 mAh/g at 0.5C and capacity retention of 93.6% after 50 cycles. This study provides a green and efficient alternative for the selective recycling of Li from spent LiFePO4 battery based on its inherent structure and characteristics of target recycling materials with reduced chemical consumption, high efficiency and simplified recycling process.

The response of ecosystem vulnerability to climate change and human activities in the Poyang lake city group, China

Ecosystem vulnerability is an ecological response of the environment to external damage. Studying the influencing factors and spatiotemporal changes of ecosystem vulnerability is helpful to maintain ecological balance. At present, studies on ecosystem vulnerability are relatively homogeneous and rarely integrate climate change and human activities. Based on a habitat-function framework, this study analyzed the response of ecosystem vulnerability on climate change and human activities in the Poyang Lake City Group (PLCG) in 2010, 2015 and 2020. The spatial agglomeration of ecosystem vulnerability has been analyzed by using GeoDa model. The interaction of factors on ecosystem vulnerability have been analyzed by using geographical detector. It can be seen that the ecosystem vulnerability of the PLCG have increased from 2010 to 2020. The impacts of climate change to the ecosystem vulnerability have showed a positive correlation. Meanwhile, the key factors leading to the change of ecological vulnerability are still human activities. This methodology demonstrates a high level of robustness when applied to other research domains. This research is conducive to maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem, realizing the development of man and nature, and promoting the sound and rapid development of economic society.

The Spanish Enlightenment and Happiness Economics. The case of Seville’s Economic Society of Friends of the Country and its project to trade meat salting with Buenos Aires Province (1778)

The Enlightened Movement in Spain is widely known for its modernizing effort and its economic and social reform projects in Spain in the 18th and 19th centuries. In line with the European Enlightenment, the ideals of classical liberalism and utilitarianism began to spread hand in hand with the enlightened intellectuals as a paradigm towards the well-being of the people. The anthropocentric turn of the Enlightenment brought with it not only the struggle for the rights of man and the consequent evolution of European absolute monarchies towards enlightened despotism, but also the evolution of the very perception of wealth, well-being and happiness of the society. Thanks to the works of Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus or Jeremy Bentham, the roots of the Happiness Economics can be traced back to the 18th century through the association they made between the economic development of society and the level of happiness. This paper analyzes the project of the Royal Sevillian Economic Society of Friends of the Country for the salted meat trade with the province of Buenos Aires as a case study of the connection between economic development, well-being and happiness in the Spanish Enlightenment through the study of the transcripts of sessions collected in the Libro de Actas No. 1 (1775-1780) and the copies of letters collected in the Book of Correspondence of the Society, as well such as the loose papers available in the Municipal Archive of Seville.

NEW MOVEMENT LOCAL WISDOMNOMIC: STUDY OF MAWAH AS A MODEL OF COMMUNITY ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT

This research discusses the topic of Acehnese cultural issues, namely mawah which is a concept of local wisdom and an important role in the life of the Acehnese. The two main topics of this research are mawah dialectics in the socio-economy of the Acehnese, and the mawah model as empowering the modern economy of society. The method used in this research is qualitative through a philosophical normative approach. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, documentation, and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). The results of this study indicate that the Mawah dialect in the socio-economy of the people of Aceh occurs in several stages. Mawah first stage concentrated on breeding. is termed as “Mawah Aneuk Nang” In mawah which is divided between owners and breeders is about 50:50 distribution or depending on how the mawah was originally carried out. There are several mawah principles in empowering the Acehnese economy, namely the principles of al’adalah, at-t’awun and musawwamah. Mawah can be a model of massive modern agrarian economic empowerment if it is managed properly and involves professional parties. Some of the things that must be done are to establish Mawah Boards (BW) which are backed up by the district and village governments, then create networks and relationships as a gateway for mawah online. At this final stage, mawah becomes a start-up business.

The Influential Factors of the Habitat Quality of the Red-crowned Crane: A Case Study of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China

In order to effectively protect the habitat of cranes, this study constructs an indicator evaluation system based on the ecology–economy–society complex system and adopts the comprehensive “entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process” evaluation model and coupled coordination model to scientifically measure the degree of coordinated development of the EES system in Yancheng. Further, a negative binomial regression model based on LASSO was used to analyze the key factors affecting the habitat quality of red-crowned cranes, and a support vector regression model was used to predict the population size of the cranes. The results show that the degree of the coordinated development of the EES system exhibited a fluctuating upward phenomenon, and the population size of the cranes also had a similar evolutionary trend, which indicates that the interaction between the two was significant and that the degree of the coordinated development of the system had a positive impact on the quality of the habitat of the cranes. Three types of ecological indicators (normalized difference vegetation index, annual precipitation, and soil erosion area) and three types of social indicators (natural growth rate, rural Engel coefficient, and public library collection) are the key factors affecting the population size of the cranes. The prediction results of the support vector regression model showed that the population of the cranes showed a fluctuating upward trend during the prediction interval, with a maximum of 952 cranes and an overall growth rate of 69.70%. The population size of the cranes is related to human social activities and the surrounding ecological environment, and the main reason for the decline in the population size of the cranes is the destruction of the local vegetation cover by the rapidly growing population and frequent human activities. Therefore, to improve the habitat quality of the cranes, local government departments need to strengthen the publicity of wildlife conservation, reduce agricultural land reclamation and pesticide pollution, and promote the coordinated development of the EES system in the Yancheng area.

Developing the European Villages in the Republic of Moldova taken into account the Digital Economy Society Index (DESI)

The digital competitiveness of regions of EU member states is measured by the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI), a composite index summarizing the progress made in connectivity, digital skills, internet use by citizens, digital integration of enterprises, farms and digital public services, while at the local government level there is currently no single indicator measured on a regular basis. Based on recent international and national researches, it can be concluded that with the development of digital technology, a significant increase in services and solutions available to citizens digitally is expected. Recent positive experiences of EU member states, which have been analyzed in previous research papers, show that the creation of jobs in agricol sectors in rural areas contributes to increasing household incomes. The objective of our study is to analyze and implement the methods and data sources for calculating DESI indicators at the level of local administrative units in the Republic of Moldova, in the context of the National Program for the European Village, launched in spring 2022. The results of the study will be the development of recommendations for local administrations on the use of the DESI index to coordinate the European evaluation parameters. The value of this work is in reinforcing activities for localisation of smart infrastructure and spatial data taking in consideration the DESI index and innovative products of the national Innovation Centres in innovative economics, stimulating investments in the creation of Smart Villages.

Driving forces and relationship between air pollution and economic growth based on EKC hypothesis and STIRPAT model: evidence from Henan Province, China.

The aim of this research is to analyze the main influencing factors and relationship between atmospheric environment and economic society. Using the panel data of 18 cities in Henan Province from 2006 to 2020, this paper employed some advanced econometric estimation included entropy method, extended environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) and STIRPAT model to conduct empirical estimations. The results show that most regions in Henan Province have verified the existence of the EKC hypothesis; and the peak of air pollution level in all cities of Henan Province generally occurred in around 2014. Multiple linear Ridge regression indicated that the positive driving forces of air pollution in most cities in Henan Province are industrial structure and population size; the negative driving forces are urbanization level, technical level and greening degree. Finally, we used the grey GM (1, 1) model to predict the atmospheric environment of Henan Province in 2025, 2030, 2035 and 2040. What should pay close attention to is that air pollution levels in northeastern and central Henan Province will continue to remain high.

HISTORY, CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF SOILS IN RUSSIA (REVIEW)

A detailed review of existing methods of economic assessment of soils in Russia is carried out. It is shown that the foundations of such an assessment were laid and voiced by V.V. Dokuchaev - in public lectures at meetings of the Imperial Free Economic Society. Of the domestic soil assessment systems, the most perfect and holistic is the one created by a group of employees of the V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Institute under the leadership of I.I. Karmanov. T e main elements of this system are the soil-ecological index (a bonus score refecting the level of soil fertility taking into account specif c climatic conditions and terrain) and the tarificategory of the soil type of the assessed site. Modern methods of assessment, including monetization of ecosystem services of soils in determining the amount of damage from land degradation and assessing the value of soils based on the concepts of «zero soil», are analyzed. It is shown that the most promising approaches to the economic assessment of soils are - the assessment of the cost of individual soil properties, the cost of soil modif ers used to improve soil quality, the cost of soils, soils and soil mixtures used for the purposes of reclamation, landscaping and landscaping, the assessment of the cost of ecosystem services of soils for lands of various economic use. Examples of approbation of some methods of economic assessment of soils for the territory of the Educational and Experimental Soil-ecological Center of Lomonosov Moscow State University «Chashnikovo» are considered.

Management Of Food Security In Asean Economic Community And The Implication To Indonesia

The blueprint of regional integration plan of ASEAN Economic Society 2005 involves an agenda of food security to improve of chain of value and regional participation globally by increasing production of food efficiency, infrastructure and technology improvement, quality conformation and food security with the global standards and investment encourage of agriculture in ASEAN. The roadmap of food security achievement of ASEAN economic society available in framework of ASEAN Integrated Food Security (AIFS) and Strategic Plan of Action on Food Security (SPA- FS) of 2020-2025. The achievement of implementation is important in sustain the ASEAN member-states to implement the development strategy of food supply chain in firm and powerful. The agreement consists of manual and recommendation not legally binding to implement voluntarily by the member-states to ensure the food security, nutrition upgrading and long-term farmer life in ASEAN. Domestically, it is a chance for Indonesia to cooperate on food security with the other member-states of ASEAN.

Opportunities, challenges and suggestions for the development of plastic degradation and recycling under the context of circular bioeconomy

At present, the negative impact caused by white pollution has spread to all aspects of human society economy, ecosystem, and health, which causes severe challenges for developing the circular bioeconomy. As the largest plastic production and consumption country in the world, China has shouldered an important responsibility in plastic pollution control. In this context, this paper analyzed the relevant strategies of plastic degradation and recycling in the United States, Europe, Japan and China, measured the literature and patents in this field, analyzed the status quo of technology from the perspective of research and development trends, major countries, major institutions, and discussed the opportunities and challenges faced by the development of plastic degradation and recycling in China. Finally, we put forward future development suggestions which include the integration of policy system, technology path, industry development and public cognition.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): The Role of Government in promoting CSR

This paper examines corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the role government can play in promoting CSR. Corporations are an integral part of the large economy of any given society or country whereby these corporations operate. The government’s role is critical in promoting CSR activities or agendas because CSR is voluntary without mandatory legislation. The method used in this paper is a normative literature review and secondary data procedures. The research results show the need for developed and developing countries to share CSR’s best practices and build human institutions capable of enhancing CSR agendas by creating awareness, soft laws, partnering, and mandating business enterprises to be transparent in solving society’s problems wherever they operate. Governments in some developed nations have taken a far-reaching agenda in promoting CSR, especially the UK, European Union, the USA, and other developing countries in East Asia. However, developing countries are lagging behind in developing CSR agendas but should not simply copy from developed countries but adopt CSR’s agenda susceptive to their multiple nations’ sustainable and equitable developments. The result also shows that the lack of good governance and transparency in abundant natural resources in developing countries in the south has led to corrupt elites diverting CSR activities funds for their self-interest and not their local communities. Some developing countries still see CSR as an act of philanthropy, not as means for sustainable and equitable development for economic growth, hence the lack of transparency surrounding CSR by the various government and their elites.

Multi-objective distributionally robust optimization for hydrogen-involved total renewable energy CCHP planning under source-load uncertainties

Hydrogen is one type of clean renewable energy. By introducing hydrogen production, storage and conversion devices into the combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system to replace its fossil fuel components, the hydrogen-involved total renewable energy CCHP (H-RE-CCHP) system is formed, thus bringing an effective way to promote energy transition towards low carbon. However, the conflict between economy and environment, and interference of source-load uncertainties hinder the low-cost construction as well as economic, stable, and low-carbon operation of H-RE-CCHP. In view of this, this paper proposes a multi-objective distributionally robust optimization (DRO) model for H-RE-CCHP planning. Firstly, a moment-based ambiguity set is constructed to define the possible range for the joint distribution of solar irradiation and multiple loads. Secondly, considering the “worst-case” distribution within the ambiguity set, the economic and environmental objective functions are presented for minimizing system construction, maintenance and operation costs while reducing carbon emission. Furthermore, the sizing- and operation-related constraints are formulated according to such principles as maintaining multi-energy balance when the forecasting errors of uncertainties occur. Finally, by applying strong duality and augmented ε-constraint for model solving, Pareto optimal solution set is obtained, and from which final planning and operation scheme is selected according to decision preference and interactions between objectives. Simulations mainly verify: 1) due to considering multiple objectives, H-RE-CCHP planning and operation reach the reasonable trade-off between economy and environment, that is, carbon emission/economic cost can be reduced by 99.81 %/66.70 % comparing with single economic/environmental objective; 2) with applying DRO in resisting uncertainties, 100 % renewable energy accommodation is achieved while meeting stable H-RE-CCHP operation; etc. Accordingly, this paper provides an effective approach for renewable energy system planning, thus contributing to the low carbon development of economic society.

INFORMATION SOCIETY AND MECHANISMS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN

In this article, scientific opinions are expressed about the fact that the digital economy is the basis for the development of the economy of society and countries in the information society, and it becomes the main source in the processes of increasing production rates, encouraging entrepreneurship and conducting business.

Analysis of Managers’ Motivation for Corporate Knowledge Workers from the Perspective of Organizational Behaviour

With the continuous development of knowledge economy society, knowledge resources gradually become the decisive factor of enterprise competition, and knowledge workers accordingly become the core resources of enterprises, which is the key to determine the success or failure of enterprises. This paper will take the lead in clarifying the concept of organizational behaviour from the perspective of organizational behaviour. Starting from the definition of motivation and incentive mechanism, it will analyse the psychological and behavioural characteristics of knowledge-based employees based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, and then derive the special characteristics of motivation for knowledge-based employees, and finally formulate the corresponding motivation means.

Development of ecological management system for planted forest based on ELM deep learning algorithm

Plantations play a central and lever role in maintaining the ecological balance of the earth, maintaining the overall function of the terrestrial ecosystem, and promoting the coordinated development of economic society and ecological construction. In order to strengthen the ecological management of plantation forests and improve the ecological level of forest region, the C/S framework is taken as the basic structure, and the programming mode of business model-user interface controller is used, on J2EE platform. The ecological management system of a planted forest is constructed by the evaluation module, the principal component comprehensive analysis module of ecological function value and the demand prediction module of planted forest based on extreme learning machine and deep learning algorithm, and runs under the support of windows system, oracle 15G and above database software. The indexes and factors affecting the ecological function of plantation forests were evaluated and analyzed, and the final management decision was given by the prediction module. The results showed that the plant density significantly affected plant biomass, organic carbon storage, water content and nutrient accumulation, and the comprehensive evaluation indexes of four ecological functions increased from 32.69, 31.84, 33.71 and 35.46 to 86.18, 89.46, 89.83 and 88.76, respectively. Although the degree of influence of the system on lemon strip plants, herbaceous plants, surface litter and soil varies, it still has good feasibility, effectiveness and practicality, and can assist the scientific ecological management of artificial plantation forests.

Opportunities and Constraints Confronting transformation Towards a Green Economy in the Developing Countries

In the growing economy of developing countries, the environment is getting unsustainable. There is the requirement of goals that are standardized and complementary for the promotion of Green Economy Growth and developed the constraints confronting transformation and providing opportunities. Industrial civilization and inorganic products erode the healthy pathway. World global policies initiated the transformation of the planet as the result of the “Green go Economy”. This platform is an alternate vision for that developing countries' growth and development which are facing climate change, biodiversity losses, water scarcity, and negative externalities. This study aims to assess the effect of environmental factors quality of living standards, opportunities, and constraints confronting transformation towards a green economy in developing countries. The study measured the dimensions and principles of the “green economy” as a base for additional society development. The several challenges to initiating a green economy and achieving sustainable technological change need to be understood by professionals and policymakers to make adequate changes in the social setting. Effective influence on the level of echo of several important phenomena was implemented for the aspirational transformation of economic and environmental measurement. The recent developments are improving cheap, faster broader frameworks for measuring socio-economic environmental interactions. In the light of UNEP, OECD, and UN policies all the issues, challenges, and critics of the green economy that developing countries are facing are positively analyzed for promoting the green economy for sustainable development and maintaining a long-term relationship between environment and economic growth. The reviewer has many objectives for better improvement of measures in Green economy transformation. The study contributes towards the green economy development over a policy to decrease the environmental risks and progress economic growth. The study concludes that better investment in green product GDP, better interaction in the economy society environment, and ecosystem, and better economic transformation methodologies of the green economy will attain attention for a better future in developing countries.

Studying the Effects of Varied Dosages and Grinding Times on the Mechanical Properties of Mortar

With the rapid development of construction and the construction industry, the demand for mortar as a building material is also increasing. With the development of economic society, glass products have been widely used, and glass manufacturing enterprises have produced hundreds of tons of glass fragments and slag. The main component of glass is silica, which has the potential to be used as an auxiliary cementing material. Therefore, waste glass is expected to be recycled in buildings to achieve sustainability. However, due to the chemical properties of the silica tetrahedral structure stabilized by the waste glass, its pozzolanic activity is potent and needs to be stimulated. Glass powders with different degrees of fineness were obtained by physical grinding of waste glass powder (WGP). The standard consistency water consumption, compressive strength, and flexural strength of waste glass powder cement mortar were studied. The grinding times of waste glass powder are 5 min, 10 min, and 15 min, respectively, and the dosages are 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. The experimental results show that the average particle sizes of the grinding times of 5 min, 10 min, and 15 min are 1670.0 μm, 243.0 μm, and 13.2 μm, respectively. The waste glass powder with a grinding time of 15 min has a specific surface area of 670 m2/kg, which has high pozzolanic activity. The compressive and flexural strength of cement mortar specimens with 5% waste glass powder is the best, and the later strength is improved to a certain extent. The consistency of the cement mortar increased after adding waste glass powder. Compared with the 28 d compressive strength activity index of pure cement mortar specimens, the waste glass powder with 5–10% content reached more than 70%.

A coking-tolerance dendritic anode with exceptional power density toward direct ethanol-fueled solid oxide fuel cells

The highly efficient utilization of liquid biofuels is a major challenge for the current economic society. As one of the most promising energy conversion devices, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer a feasible approach to alleviate this problem, yet the output power is limited by the concentration loss. In this work, Ni-gadolinium doped ceria anode with dendritic microchannels is prepared to accelerate mass transport and boost the electrochemical performance of ethanol-fueled SOFCs. The peak power densities of button cells with dendritic anode achieve 1.66 and 1.37 Wcm−2 at 700 °C using wet hydrogen and dry ethanol as fuels, respectively. More importantly, the concentration polarization can be almost negligible when using 30 vol% dry ethanol as fuel. Simultaneously, the button cell shows a favorable coke tolerance in a 100 h short-term durability test. These results demonstrate that the dendritic microchannel for SOFCs is a high-efficiency solution to facilitate mass transfer and improve the electrochemical performance of hydrocarbon fuels.