Dictionary Of Economics Research Articles

The Role of Human Factors in the Bank Capital Evaluation Framework

JEL Classification Codes: F60, F63, 035, 044 1. Introduction Bank capital is defined in economic dictionary as a complex of monetary capitals raised in banks for applying in payments and other transactions i.e. bank funds. According to Raizberg B., Lozovsky L., Starodubtseva E. bank capital is a monetary capital rose in bank from multiple sources and used for bank transactions i.e. bank funds. So we can define bank capital as a monetary value of the total bank capital and divide into equity and debt. Bank capital is evaluated through the whole capital flow process. Bank capital's management includes two major stages: 1) Generating the bank capital; 2) Applying the bank capital. Both of the stages are connected with human which could have both positive and negative influence at generating and applying the bank capital. It's notably that there are a set of errors and advantages connected with the human factors. We can highlight errors such as low-skilled staff, non-flexible mind, inconsistent risk policy in decision-making, deficient analytical framework, lack of useful forecasting. Advantages of the human are: quality education, professional skills, professional development, and diplomatic, highly analytical and independent mind, stress tolerance (Sultanova and Chechina, 2016). Stakeholders always make financial decisions, define policy priorities, and define targets and goals. Entity's targets and goals defined because the set of methods and research tools of applying the policy based on the core concepts of financial management and banking and also with internal and external to be taken into account. All of these elements take place through the whole evaluation process namely during the generating as well as applying the bank capital stages (Akopova and Przhedetskaya, 2016; Allegret et al., 2016; Glavina, 2015). According to the evaluation framework, we should consider all the stakeholders' interests and hereafter the framework of the interests in order of importance and impact comes to life (Theriou et al., 2014). This framework depends on the person who arranges it. Therefore we emphasize on the essential role of the human factor. Bank capital evaluation policy should include the description of stakeholders' interests to be satisfied through the evaluation process. We can consider ROC (return on capital) rate, capital adequacy ratio, and others as target ratios to indicate the stakeholders' interests. Bank capital evaluation policy should take human into consideration to balance the stakeholders' interests and indicate and specify them in the evaluation policy and objectives. 2. Theoretical, Informational and Empirical, and Methodological Grounds of the Research The bank capital evaluation system should consider human and provide solving the set of objectives such as: 1) Methodical and regulatory support of applying the evaluation system i.e. analysis, planning and control; 2) Providing a legal board of directors' responsibility for the evaluation process; 3) A rule of methodical certainty; 4) A rule of confidential evaluation process' procedures; 5) Other rules dealing with applying the evaluation process' procedures and portfolio approach. Highlighting the following rules needs further study. The term of Human factors should include human capital because of its components. So, the human capital framework includes: 1) physiological capital i.e. longevity, health, disability; 2) intellectual capital i.e. skills, education; 3) Organizational capital i.e. management skills. We should stress the importance of skills, education, health, and management abilities when building the evaluation process' framework since any of these could easily affect the evaluation process and its accuracy. …

Three Hundred Years of Crisis in Economic Dictionaries and Encyclopaedias

This article discusses the book Crises and Cycles in Economic Dictionaries and Encyclopaedias from a lexicographical point of view. Although the book is mainly written to people interested in the history of economics and the evolution of the two concepts mentioned in the title, its fresh approach places it directly, although incidentally, in the on-going discussion on the academic character of lexicography. After briefly presenting the main content of the book, the article discusses the relation between economics and lexicography from various angles. Finally, it points to some elements where the book may contribute to the enrichment of lexicographical theory.

The lexicographical treatment of idioms in business dictionaries from the point of view of the translator as user

Economic language presents a hybrid nature. Unlike other LSPs, this discourse shows a high degree of emotive meaning, abstract processes like metaphor, which bring about the great number of idioms used in business English, and the complexity involved in their translation into Spanish. The analysis of the lexicographical treatment of five business idioms in nineteen dictionaries of economics (monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual) reveals that specialized lexicographical resources should improve their treatment of idioms and other phraseological units if they are to respond to the needs of users like translators. It is suggested that specialized works should include idioms as lemmas, offer more types of syntactic-semantic information and structure it more systematically, for example, by basing their entries on the conceptual structure of economy.

Dictionary of Economics (5th edition)

Dictionary of Economics (5th edition)

Генезис понятия «остаточный доход»

The article investigates the genesis of the “residual income” concept. Th is term still has not been added to Russian economic dictionaries. In this article, the development of the term is considered.

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The article investigates the genesis of the �residual income� concept. Th is term still has not been added to Russian economic dictionaries. In this article, the development of the term is considered.

Designing Online Dictionaries of Economics: Two Opposing Views

This paper supports the argument that a dictionary of Economics in the broad sense of the word is any information tool that contains structured data - e.g. dictionary articles, outer texts, hyperlinks, etc. – which can be used for retrieving information on economic concepts, economic language, economic instructions, and/or economic operations. Some of these are on the Internet and are accessed by individuals for concrete consultation in one or more situations. This definition is based on the tenets of the Function Theory of Lexicography, the theoretical construction initiated at the Aarhus School of Business in the 1990s which has since worked on the theory and practice of dictionaries (Bergenholtz/Tarp 2002, 2003, 2004; Tarp 2008; Fuertes-Olivera/Tarp 2014). This has resulted in a specific approach to dictionary making, which is identifi ed in this chapter as a lexicography-based approach. On the other hand, some scholars espouse a different view, which is basically rooted in the theories and methods of (Applied) Linguistics (Rundell 2012a) and identified here as a linguistics-based approach. Both views are discussed and illustrated in relation to three specific issues: (a) the concept of a dictionary of Economics; (b) the sources of lexicographic data used in different dictionaries of Economics; (c) access to data and data presentation in several online dictionaries of Economics.

The Evolution of Dictionaries of Economics: from a Glossary to a

Dictionaries of economics have evolved over time. In the past, most dictionaries were similar to glossaries and were in printed form. In this Internet era, some printed dictionaries have evolved into online dictionaries with various number of technological features. However, the evolution of these dictionaries has not taken into account the evolving needs and situations of the users. Consequently, as we can see from the review of the current online dictionaries of economics, these dictionaries have failed to satisfy the needs of the users, particularly the spoken text reception needs. This paper presents some principles in creating a future dictionary of economics that can satisfy the needs related to the situation when a non-native English speaker is listening to business news in the English language. The future dictionary or the proposed dictionary in this paper takes the concept of a lexicographical information system (LIS) that integrates several components into the dictionary. The four components discussed are a voice recognition function, a tooltip, an auto-summarize function, and a definition-finder. This paper shows why these four components are needed and how they can solve the users’ lexicographical problems correctly, promptly, and conveniently.

Lexicographical and Translation Issues in the Inclusion of English

This is a crossroads time for dictionaries in print in general and for bilingual dictionaries of Economics in printin particular. A time when the prevalence of information technologies supposedly makes access to specializedlexicographical information easier and faster. The present study first reviews briefly the current situation of bilingual dictionaries of Economics on paper and their viability in a near future. It then examines, with more detail, the specific lexicographical issue of incorporating (i.e. translating) English financial neonyms, which appear practically everyday in print and internet media, into English-Spanish/Spanish-English Dictionaries of Economics on paper, normally published in the lapse of years. This gap between the immediacy of the Internet and the delay of printing, seems to cause serious problems to bilingual lexicographers specialized in Economics especially when questionable translations of such neonyms are already circulating on the web. This, in addition to the ample presence of electronic glossaries and dictionaries, easily accessible by translators and professionals, but whose reliability, on the other hand, is not always guaranteed. Finally, a more active role is recommended to bilingual lexicographers in Economics by taking advantage of internet information media services and by joining efforts with finance experts and professionals.

Can Authority be Sustained while Balancing Accessibility and Formality?

Economics has developed into a quantitative discipline that makes extensive use of mathematical and statistical concepts. When writing a dictionary for economics undergraduates it has to be recognised that many users will not have sufficient training in mathematics to benefi t from formal definitions of mathematical and statistical concepts. In fact, it is more than likely that the user will want the dictionary to provide an accessible version of a definition that avoids mathematical notation. Providing a verbal description of a mathematical concept has the risk that the outcome is both verbose (compared to a definition using appropriate mathematical symbols) and imprecise. For the author of a dictionary this raises the question of how to resolve this conflict between accessibility and formal correctness. We use a range of examples from the Oxford Dictionary of Economics to illustrate this conflict and to assess the extent to which a non-formal definition can be viewed as authoritative.

Лексикографические словари по экономике в немецком, русском и татарском языках

as is known, the degree of one or another professional language research is characterized by the specialized monolingual and multilingual dictionaries. This article describes the existing dictionaries with recorded German, Russian and Tatar economic vocabulary. The Russian and German languages belong to the languages that have well systematized economic vocabulary and it is presented by the large number of the linguistic, encyclopedic and multilingual dictionaries regarding this field. The situation with the dictionaries of economics in the Tatar language looks different. Dictionaries on this subject have been published periodically and economic vocabulary of the modern Tatar language is recorded by the electronic dictionaries in recent times.

The dictionary of health economics

The dictionary of health economics

The Ideal Number of Lemmas in an Ideal Accounting Dictionary

<p align="LEFT">Lemma lacunas in dictionaries are a traditional focus area for lexicographers, but the opposite problem, which we choose to call <strong>lemma flooding</strong>, has received very little attention. The study of this flooding could be relevant in order to save lexicographers spending thousands of hours producing dictionary entries which nobody reads.</p><p align="LEFT">In Bergenholtz/Norddahl (2012) we showed that during a three-year period less than 33% of all dictionary articles out of 18 million dictionary consultations were consulted in a dictionary with 111,000 entries. We examined nine possible reasons why a given word might not be of interest to users and consequently could be ignored in order to avoid lemma flooding. We tried to demonstrate that while it is not possible to completely avoid lemma fl ooding, implementing a relatively simple rule could minimize it. But in reality the results were quite disappointing, because there were no clear rules or methods to avoid lemma fl ooding.</p><p align="LEFT">Now we will try the same kind of analysis of log files for the English-Danish and the Danish-English Accounting Dictionaries. We see here that there are differences between different dictionaries (monolingual for English and Danish and bilingual for English-Danish and Danish-English). We will try to give some explanations, but must admit beforehand that we have not found satisfying explanations which could lead to a plan for future accounting dictionaries or other economic dictionaries thus avoiding the production of never used dictionary articles.</p>

When Heterodoxy Becomes Orthodoxy: Ecological Economics inThe New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics

AbstractModern ecological economics emerged in opposition to mainstream economics as a scientific approach with many key heterodox features. Among these are an open systems perspective, transdisciplinarity, and radical criticism of the conventional representation of economic process. The term “ecological economics” was included internationally in the second edition (2008) ofTheNewPalgraveDictionary ofEconomics, the most prestigious and widely used dictionary of economics. In our view, however, the entry does little to facilitate understanding of the heterodox features, and theoretical and methodological controversies that have developed in ecological economics over the last two decades.

Correcting Some Historical Oversights and Lacunas in the History of Decision Science Regarding the Contributions of George Boole (1854), John Maynard Keynes (1908, 1921), and Theodore Hailperin (1986) Made by the Proponents of the 'Modern' Multiple Priors/Choquet Expected Utility Approaches to Non Additive Probability

This paper examines the historical oversights contained in one of P Wakker’s articles on Uncertainty that is contained in The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics (2008).The same error is incorporated in all of his other articles and books written on this topic, so it is representative of his understanding of the current history of decision making.The conclusion reached in this reexamination of the historical record is that Wakker, like all other economists and decision theorists, is totally and completely unaware of the major decision theory innovations made by George Boole,J M Keynes, and Theodore Hailperin in the 19th and 20th Centuries.It is also demonstrated that Adam Smith was a proponent of interval estimates who recognized the very limited applicability of the calculus of probabilities

Die begriffliche Identität in den Wirtschaftswörterbüchern

Summary Conceptual equivalence in economic dictionaries. This study aims at giving an overview of the bi- and multilingual economic dictionaries published in Hungary in printed and electronic forms; striving to fulfil this aim, it also endeavours to demonstrate, through specific examples, the presence or absence of conceptual equivalence and the difficulties created by them. The research of equivalence constitutes an important and controversial field both in linguistic sciences and in the linguistic theory of translation. There are several schools of thought concerning equivalence; different approaches have evolved according to the different fields and levels (e.g. semantic, text-level, semiotic, pragmatic approaches). Since the subject of our research is constituted by the above-mentioned language tools and technical terminology, we have decided to base our research on conceptual equivalence, i.e. the analysis of ‘conceptual equivalence’ of Arntz and Picht (1991). The latter is comparable with the concept-based research of technical terms.

Bases teórico-metodológicas para a elaboração de um dicionário português-espanhol de Economia

Temos por objetivo, neste artigo, apresentar as bases teórico-metodológicas para a elaboração de um dicionário terminológico bilíngue de Economia que possa atender tanto aos falantes da língua de partida, quanto aos falantes da língua de chegada. As línguas contrastadas são o português na variedade brasileira e o espanhol nas variedades peninsular e argentina. A proposta delineada neste texto se fundamenta nos princípios da Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia – TCT (CABRÉ, 1999).

A Political and Economic Dictionary of Central and South‐Eastern Europe

A Political and Economic Dictionary of Central and South‐Eastern Europe

The dictionary of health economics

The dictionary of health economics

Game theory and why logic may not be very “Logical.”

At the end of Stanley Kubrick's masterpiece Dr Strangelove: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, Major 'King' Kong rides the nuclear bomb to oblivion. The chosen few deep underground in the American War Room have ascertained that the Soviet's “Doomsday Machine” will automatically retaliate and enshroud the earth in a cloud of radioactive material for 100 years. The pristine logic of the Cold War that culminated in Kong riding the bomb in the film, and brought the world to the edge of oblivion with the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, is based on game theory. Strangelove is the first popular film or fiction to deal with game theory, and does so with great attention to detail. Thus, it is an excellent starting point for historical insight into the beginnings of what has recently been described in The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics as a ...