Prospects For Economic Development Research Articles

The LNG trade between Qatar and East Asia: Potential impacts of unconventional energy resources on the LNG sector and Qatar's economic development goals

The successful emergence of Qatar into the LNG market is one of the most interesting cases in developmental studies, because of its strategy, planning, and implementation to take advantage of a fossil resource: The North Gas Field. Since the 1990s, the natural gas production enabled an exemplary development in Qatar based on the LNG trade to reach remote markets such as the East Asian basin, a region of the largest LNG importers. However, the technological and commercial disruption emerging from new and unconventional gas resources has started changing the market conditions globally, which could affect the well-established energy trade between Qatar and its East Asian customers, hence its economic development prospects. This paper analyses the market changes on power and position from different players in that trade, with relation to Qatar. The analysis on the demand and supply sides indicates how deep the new resources act as market game-changers such as shale gas did in the US in the past decade, shifting the power balance towards a buyer's market approach. The new balance creates new market conditions towards the flexibilization/globalization of the LNG as a commodity and the evolution of the market, forcing Qatar to design and implement necessary adaptations to maintain its position and importance as a reliable LNG supplier in different levels. The strategic considerations of Qatar are crucial to avoid negative impacts, in an increasingly complex and dynamic market, under heightened conditions of competition never seen on the LNG trade, in addition to the unforeseeable changes brought by climate change, trade barriers and global outbreaks. Such changes call for smart, progressive, and adaptive transitionary energy policies and strategies for Qatar and similar exporters.

YOUTH EMPOWERMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

Youth empowerment is the key to sustainable development. Nigeria which stands as the youngest population in Africa has more than 50% of her population fall within the age range known as Youths (16-39)(NBS Report, 2018).The implication of this reality is that Nigeria has a massive prospect for economic development but that will be if the country can efficiently harness this human resources efficiently. Though numerous youth empowerment programs have been put in place by the Nigerian government, those programs lack sustainability. Today, the sad reality is that most of the youths in Nigeria are unemployed.The Nigeria bureau of statistics states that about 20.9 Million Nigerians were unemployed as at the third quarter of 2018, this data also shows that more than 80% of this unemployed Nigerians are youths, the working population of the country.With such a population of youths and drastic dilemma of unemploymentand poverty in the country, there is a need for government to adopt new strategy to engage this young population in a very productive way.This paper examines youth empowerment concepts that can be used to engage this huge human resources (the youth in Nigeria) in a productive way that will build sustainable economic development. The paper X-rays youth empowerment concept and their developmental potentials if they are carefully implemented with regulatory frame work to drive their sustainability.The study utilized questionnaires as the primary source of data and research reports and academic publications as the secondary sources of data. The study recommended that the youth empowerment programs should be revamped in a strategic way that will engage the youths and add massive revenue to the economy.

Impact of Monetary Policy on Private Investment: Evidence from Vietnam’s Provincial Data

This study sheds new light on the relationship between monetary policy and private investment using Vietnam’s provincial data and a system generalized method of moment (GMM) framework. To capture monetary policy’s effect, different indicators, viz. money supply, domestic credit to the private sector, interest rate and exchange rate are examined. We find that private investment is positively affected by respective monetary policies through broad money, domestic credit and interest rate channels, yet no credible evidence regarding the exchange rate’s effect. In which, such a surprising co-movement between real interest rate and private investment was illuminated through analysis of the economy’s distinctive characteristics over the two development stages (pre- and post-2012). Another notable finding is that economic development prospects of localities, which attract great attention and cause an intense competition between domestic and foreign investors, appear to be a major barrier to investment decisions of private firms.

Toward improving impact of sustainable ventures in developing countries: A structuration view

AbstractEvidence shows that low‐income and developing countries disproportionately bear the negative impacts of unsustainable business practice and are the least able to withstand these impacts. There is an urgent need to address these problems as prospects for economic development are inexorably linked to the consequences of environmental degradation and negative social impact. As global awareness of this phenomenon has risen, the attractiveness of firms that take a balanced approach between pecuniary outcomes and sustainable practices has increased. Firms are under pressure to reduce the negative externalities they generate and increase positive externalities. An approach that increases the attractiveness and effectiveness of sustainable ventures can help firms get closer to this goal. We use structuration theory to develop strategy recommendations toward this goal. Structuration theory recognizes the duality of agency and structure, and provides a framework for understanding social phenomena at a meso‐level of analysis. The theory describes three structural configurations that have varying levels of influence in social settings. We build upon this theory to argue that the success of sustainable ventures is affected by the degree to which their actions cohere with the strongest social structures operating in their regions. We illustrate our theoretical argument by describing how three sustainable tourism ventures in Central America and three organic foods ventures in Southeast Asia are co‐creating social structures that result in positive externalities.

Preface

The 1st International Scientific Seminar “Circumpolar Studies” was held in St. Petersburg on June 6, 2020.The round table was organized by the Science and Education Center «Verdandi». The event was supported by the Alexander Gorchakov Public Diplomacy Fund.The purpose of the seminar is to create a platform for the development of free international communication of specialists in the field of Arctic research in a remote format, as well as the formation of a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach to solving problems of the Arctic development.The topic of the seminar is “Socio-humanitarian problems of Arctic research and development”. Within the topic, we suggest the following issues for discussion:• History of research and development in the Arctic• International cooperation in the Arctic• Problems and prospects of economic development in the Arctic• Development of human capital in the Arctic• Oil and gas projects in the ArcticThe round table was attended by over 40 experts from Russia, Belarus and India.

Prospects for Social and Economic Development of Krasnodar Krai in the Context of National Transport Infrastructural Projects

The discrepancy between the pace of economic growth rates, needs of enterprises and population for transportation, quality of the road network is a significant infrastructural limitation for growth. The paper is devoted to the analysis of large scale investment projects aimed at the removal of infrastructural restrictions, i.e. the national project “Secure and High-Quality Roads” and “Comprehensive Plan for the Modernization and Expansion of Main Infrastructure”. It is noted that the project “Secure and High-Quality Roads” for Krasnodar Krai will become a prerequisite for the effectiveness of transport infrastructure. “Comprehensive Plan for the Modernization and Expansion of the Main Infrastructure” including such federal projects as “Europe – Western China”, “Sea Ports of Russia”, “Northern Sea Route”, “Railway Transport and Transit”, “Transport and Logistics Centers”, “Communications Between the Centers of Economic Growth”, “Development of Regional Airports and Routes”, “High-Speed Rail Links”, “Inland Waterways” will increase the investment activity in the transport sector of the region. The paper presents the results of statistical analysis aimed at the identification of significant economic effect from capital investments in the road infrastructure of Krasnodar Krai. It is revealed that investments into transport and communications stimulate the economic growth and also reduce the accident rate on highways in the long run. In addition, the increase in the density of paved public roads stimulates the passenger turnover in the short run and is also a significant factor in the reduction of the accident rate. The downward trend of paved roads in the total length of roads indicates the necessity to invest in the improvement of the quality of existing roads. The author emphasizes that in order to achieve the goals mentioned in the infrastructural projects under analysis, it is necessary to improve the monitoring system of content and development of the infrastructural frame of the territory, evaluate the effectiveness of administrative decisions for the accomplishment of the goals indicated in the infrastructural projects under analysis.

POPULISM AND PRONATALITY POLICY WITH REFERENCE TO BIH

From the point of view of the demographic movement of the population, the continuous negative natural increase of the population is worrying, with an increasingly pronounced difference between the number of deaths and the number of newborns. If the trend of migration of the able-bodied population to Western European countries is added to that, the prospects for economic and social development are pessimistic. In order to increase the birth rate, it is noticeable that in Bosnia and Herzegovina the so-called natalism or pronatalism is used, a political ideology that promotes the reproduction of human life or, perhaps more accurately, sees the primary role of women as mothers in order to increase the domicile population. Populist measures in the form of cash benefits for the birth of a larger number of children, child allowance or the establishment of an alimony fund cannot be the basis for creating a pronatal policy. Birth policy must cover all spheres of life and focus on the family and not just on a woman.

SELECTED ASPECTS OF MODELING THE PROCESS OF EVALUATING BUSINESS STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF IRON ORE ENTERPRISES

The theoretical principles of modeling the process of evaluation of business strategies for ensuring sustainable economic development of iron ore enterprises are considered in the article, taking into account the current state of the domestic economy. The basic model of the situation of making a rational decision concerning the problem of optimization of business strategies in the conditions of uncertainty and conflict of the market environment is defined, which is a generalized matrix of the problem of mathematical programming, the solution of which is the optimal parameters of a mixed strategy for managing the sustainable development of iron ore enterprise. The procedure of multicriteria game-theoretic evaluation of alternatives in the application of mathematical theory of conflict situations in the work is recommended to be carried out according to a certain algorithm, which reflects the sequence of stages of modeling the effective evaluations of individual business strategies when using the functionals of evaluation with negative, but continuous. In the work it is proved that not only research of their optimality but also issues related to forecasting a guaranteed positive positive result is of particular importance when forming situations of financial and economic substantiation and making management decisions regarding individual business strategies of the enterprise. As a result of using the proposed methodological approaches, this study achieves a scientifically sound isolation of certain key business processes of the enterprise's production and economic system in order to carry out more in-depth analysis of problematic business operations and to make adequate strategic decisions regarding the prospects of sustainable economic development of the iron ore enterprises.

ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TREND OF CHERKASY REGION AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY ACCORDING TO THE SUBJECT OF ECONOMY

Introduction. Ensuring the economic rational utilization of region's agricultural potential in conditions of changing socio-economic environment requires study of all potential components at the level of enterprises and households. Problem. For successful economic development of agricultural, it is very important to clearly outline its components of analysis of economic development level of region agricultural sector, the factors influencing this development. Purpose: to study the peculiarities of agricultural economic development, in particular agricultural enterprises and households of Cherkasy region in the context of crop and livestock industries in such main areas as: land, technical, technological and workforce-production components. The presentation of the material of the article. The article shows that despite the small share of land used by households, they produce about 27% of crop production in the region. Households produce products to meet their own consumer needs and further sales, production is moving to a qualitatively new stage. Due to low mechanized production process in private rural households, with a high proportion of manual labor, the productivity of agricultural enterprises is comparatively higher. However, the number of agricultural machinery available for use at region is declining annually, indicating a decrease of production equipment level. The reason for low interest of entrepreneurs in carrying out business activities in the field of animal husbandry and, consequently, a significant decrease in the number of livestock, is a considerable amount of financial and material costs. In order to ensure the intensive development of meat market, this is important to balance production and sales. The intensity of growing farm animals in Cherkasy region is declining. Under the influence of disincentives number, rural processes become widespread in rural areas, which worsens the human resources situation. The main constraint remains the lack of jobs and low pay. Results and its discussion. There was determined that Cherkasy region has prospects for economic development of agriculture due to high quality of soils, large areas of arable land and favorable climatic conditions. Conclusions. There was found that in cultivation of crops by category of Cherkasy region farms almost a quarter of production is grown by rural households, which characterizes the households of the region as important participants in agricultural sector of economy. Livestock farming is less common among households which don’t have the necessary technical, financial and information support.

ПРИОРИТЕТЫ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ КЛАСТЕРНЫХ МОДЕЛЕЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ РОССИИ

The article discusses current issues of regulation of social and economic territorial development by an organizational mechanism for creating clusters that allows you to coordinate the efforts of stakeholders - cluster members and consumers of products manufactured by enterprises, to effectively make forecasts and trends of internal and external economic development, including adjusting the course of development. It is shown that in the Russian economy there are features of the formation and management of clusters. Among the factors hindering the development of the cluster model is a formal institutional structure designed to coordinate cluster development. The condition for progressive development and successful work in the conditions of a cluster model is mutual trust and sovereignty of participants, participation of all in strategic planning. The main advantage of the cluster model is the ability to develop small and medium-sized businesses, which is expressed in strengthening and enhancing the potential of the region in solving the key tasks of its development. It has been established that the particularly significant prospects of the cluster model are the solution of import substitution issues, since it will be possible to replace expensive imported equipment with high-quality analogues of domestic production, which will create favorable conditions for the development and functioning of the domestic market of tools, instruments and equipment, and improve the financial condition of domestic industrial enterprises. The implementation of projects in a cluster model allows us to solve problems related to the advanced training of engineering personnel and their level by involving new research and educational institutions in the cluster. This satisfies the needs of cluster members in educational services. It is noted that in modern conditions, clustering processes determine the prospects of social and economic development and initiatives. It is especially important that these processes take place in industry, for which the formation of clusters remains a strategic model and a mechanism to realize the competitive advantages of the regional and national economies.

The Russian Population’s Adaptation to the New Economic Reality

ABSTRACT The article considers the adaptive behavior of Russians during 2015–2017 (a period that is often referred to as the “new reality”) by analyzing how Russians perceive the prospects of economic development, and the available resources they can use to formulate their strategies for adapting to the new conditions. We likewise describe the available resources that Russians can bring to bear on the situation and the results of their efforts. We used the database produced by the monitoring study “The Social Well-Being of the Population,” which was conducted by the Institute of Social Analysis and Forecasting, (Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration) via eight rounds of annual representative population surveys with a sample size of 1,600 respondents per each round. The population is not alarmed at the current economic situation, but has little hope for improvement. Most people have adapted not by actively maintaining or improving their material well-being, but by becoming inured to lower consumer standards. Only a fifth of the population has the necessary resources to develop a variety of adaptive strategies, and twice as many people have low resource potential. Apart from restricting their spending, people in the low resource group also turned to the use of private household plots. A third of the population implemented active forms of adaptation associated with a variety of resources.

Economic growth and prospects for economic development of African countries southward Sahara

This article is dedicated to analysis of the process of economic growth and development in African countries southward Sahara – the least industrializes region of the world. The main prerequisites for industrialization and economic growth in of African countries southward Sahara are the high urbanization ratios: the growing number of workforce, their qualification level, high portion of youth within the population structure, expanding domestic market, growing middle class, de-escalation of internal political confrontations and attenuation of cross-country armed conflicts, advancement of digital technologies. The information and empirical basis is comprised of the data of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the World Bank. The scientific novelty consists in determination of the points of growth in Africa southwards Sahara by means of application of the methods of statistical data analysis. The authors analyze the indicators of economic growth and industrialization of African countries southward Sahara, substantiate the increasing role of this region for the global economy. The article reveals spatial aspects of industrialization of African countries and allocation of the industrial production. The authorities of African countries must manage the industrialization processes, namely focus on the development of infrastructure, improvement of investment climate, transparency of legislation, reduction of administrative expenses for businesses, reduction of corruption, and prevention of armed conflicts. The regional integration would contribute to solution of the aforementioned issues. The key vectors in cooperation of African countries southward Sahara and Russia are the areas of oil extraction, energy sphere, information and communication technologies, and agriculture.

Which Future for Cities after COVID-19 | An international Survey

The COVID-19 crisis has had significant impacts on public health, on the lives of millions of people, and on economic development prospects at all levels, international, national, and local. All over the world, cities have been at the forefront of the crisis, as first responders to the needs of the population, as managers of the exceptional regulations needed to overcome the situation, and as promoters of the reopening and relaunching of economic and social life. The effects of the crisis will be felt for a long time, and this will require innovative responses that will see cities as protagonists.To initiate a reflection on these trends, an International Survey has been proposed, to discuss the short-term and medium-term impacts of COVID-19 (2-3 years) in large cities/metropolitan areas. The proponents of the Survey are: Francesco Bandarin, Former UNESCO ADG Culture; Enrico Ciciotti, Former Dean, Faculty of Economics, Catholic University of Piacenza; Marco Cremaschi, Centre d’études européennes et de politique comparée, Sciences Po, Paris; Paolo Perulli, University of Eastern Piedmont.Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei has offered valuable staff support, including Diana Shendrikova and Giovanna Madera.

РЕГІОНАЛЬНА ОЦІНКА СПРИЯТЛИВОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ МАЛОГО БІЗНЕСУ

INESS DEVELOPMENT In today's conditions of economic development, the importance of small business as a factor in the competitiveness of local and regional economies is growing. The article provides a rating assessment of the regions of Ukraine in terms of their social and economic development for the functioning of small business. The issue of providing a rating assessment to the regions of Ukraine in terms of the favorable regions for the operation of small business is relevant and necessary for in-depth study. That is why the article is devoted to this topic. The purpose of the article is to calculate the suitability of regions for the operation of small business and provide a rating for all regions of Ukraine. The calculation of the indicator for assessing the level of favorable regions of the country in ensuring the effective functioning of small business is based on the summation of the rank values of each studied indicator that affects the functioning and development of small business in the region. Due to these indicators, it is possible to provide a rating assessment of the favorableness of the regions of Ukraine in the functioning of small business. After the calculations for 2018, the regions were divided into three structural economic blocks: with great opportunities, sufficient and underdeveloped regions. The first block includes 9 oblasts and the city of Kyiv, the second – 10 oblasts, and the third economic block – 5 oblasts. According to these indicators, we can conclude that the most favorable regions for small business are: Kyiv, Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odessa and Lviv regions. Transcarpathian region entered the second economic block with further prospects for social and economic development. The most problematic regions are Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts, which were caused by hostilities that began in the territory in 2014 as a result of the deepening political crisis in Ukraine. The results presented in this study show a real picture of the social and economic development of the regions, which will help in the future to find ways for the possible development of all economic and social components of the regions. Key words: social and economic development, small business, competitiveness index, ranking of regions, regional development.

Economic Mechanism of the Stimulating of the Innovative Activity in Ukraine

The article notes that in modern economic conditions, innovations are one of the key factors that determine the prospects for social and economic development. It was revealed that during 2010-2019 there was a significant reduction in the number of organizations engaged in research and development, a decrease in the number of innovatively active enterprises and the number of performers of research activities. The dynamics of changes in the expenditures of enterprises on innovative activities during 2010-2019, the number of innovations (products and/or technological processes) introduced by regions in 2019 and the share of expenditures on R&D in GDP in the EU countries have been investigated.

Sustainable development management: analysis of interaction of social institutions (on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan)

This work focuses on the changes that occur in the geopolitical and economic systems and directly affect the functioning of the institution of social protection of the population. The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of state management processes on the institution of social protection of the population in terms of statistics. With the help of a secondary analysis of sociological research, federal and regional regulatory framework, statistical indicators of the 2012-2018 period, the author considers social phenomena that cause the transition to sustainable development. Researchers study the assessment of the impact of social institutions in detail, among them: economics, politics, international activities, health care, religion, education for the society in the context of modern trends and prospects for sustainable economic development. The article examines the economic and geopolitical crises and their impact on the sphere of social protection of the population. The analysis made it possible to conclude that the political institution determines the vector of development of social protection of the country as a whole, and the institution of religion locally provides assistance to certain segments of the population. The close relationship of the field of health and education with each other is shown, as well as the relationship with other social spheres, in order to ensure sustainable development of the territories.

Перспективы развития цифровой экономики в Mercosur

Перспективы развития цифровой экономики в Mercosur

IDENTIFICATION OF A CYCLICAL COMPONENT IN THE\r\nSOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF AZERBAIJAN

Ponte Academic JournalOct 2020, Volume 76, Issue 10 ECONOMETRIC ANALYSISOF AZERBAIJAN\'S GDP USING SINGULAR SPECTRAL ANALYSIS (SSA)Author(s): Esmira AhmadovaJ. Ponte - Oct 2020 - Volume 76 - Issue 10 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.10.16 Abstract:This article focuses on a brief critical analysis of the theory of Singular Spectrum Analysis and the problem of distinguishing cyclic components from a general dynamics of economic situation. As a solution to this problem the asynchronous harmonic analysis algorithm based on spectrum analysis and decomposition filtering algorithm has been proposed. This research is based on fundamental works by foreign scientists and research workers. The aim of this research is to identify and evaluate the cyclic component and prospects of social and economic development of Azerbaijan based on the analysis of the most important GDP indicator. As a result of the research, several economic models have been designed and important cyclic dependencies have been identified. Also, an econometric analysis of models with relevant conclusions has been performed. Calculations and graphs have been made by free software, i.e. the statistical environment R, which is one of the most dynamically developing programs in its class. In the course of the study, the main parameters, general trends, seasonal and cyclical components of Azerbaijan's GDP for the period of 22 years, between 1997 to 2019 have been identified. The comprehensive econometric tests carried out during the research showed that the designed econometric models correspond to all basic ideas of econometric analysis including the conditions of specification, parameterization and verification, and prove to be reasonable for the real economic situation in the country. The findings of the research, with regard to their practical significance, can be successfully applied to analyse and predict the socio-economic development potential during the diversification of the economy of Azerbaijan. The results, suggestions and recommendations obtained in this research can be used in shortterm and mid-term planning of the main indicators of social and economic development of Azerbaijan. Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password

Prospects for Social and Economic Development of Coal Mining Regions

In recent decades, raw materials companies occupy leading positions in world ratings, largely determining the economic situation of their home countries. The rapid growth of digital companies’ position in the global economy does not detract from the role of raw materials production, which develops using modern technologies and adheres to the principles of sustainable development. The paper analyzes the position of leading foreign and domestic raw materials companies in the world rankings; examines the features of mining regions functioning, in particular, coal mining regions (on the example of the Kemerovo region, Western Siberia, Russia), and the prospects for their long-term development. Proposals for long-term development of coal mining regions are formulated.

Russian model of social state: basic features and prospects of social and economic development

Russian model of social state: basic features and prospects of social and economic development