Economic Development In Rural Areas Research Articles

Informaciono-komunikacione tehnologije i ruralni razvoj u Srbiji

The use of the information and communication technologies (ICTs) transforms ways of manufacturing, doing business, working, accessing public services, informing and communicating. They enable overcoming of both geographical distances and underdevelopment of infrastructures in rural regions and less developed ones. That is why ICTs can play an important role in encouraging economic development of rural areas, improvement of life quality of their population as well as lessening of social exclusion. The paper is focused upon the possibilities of invigorating rural development in Serbia on the basis of the ICTs use, primarily the Internet. The paper firstly points to the main features of the Serbian village development; then it analyses the Internet access in rural areas. Finally, it points to the ways in which the ICTs can be used for stimulating economic development of the Serbian village in addition to improving life quality of the rural population.

Exploration of Digital Countryside in the Context of Rural Revitalization Based on the Financial Industry and E-Commerce

Rural revitalization has become a hot topic in the academic community, to achieve this goal, a policy-oriented approach is needed to deconstruct the rural economy and industries in the current context of the digital agricultural reform, e-commerce and finance. To assess the feasibility of rural revitalization, a combination of offline field visits, online surveys, and data analysis using DL economic models were employed. However, the sample size of online surveys was limited due to the low availability of electronic devices in rural areas, which may have affected the accuracy and generalizability of the results. One of the proposed solutions for the rural revitalization is the digitization of agriculture, which can help farmers to access information and market their products more efficiently. The integration of e-commerce and finance can also provide better financing and credit support for rural enterprises, which can further drive economic development in rural areas. The development of supply chain finance for agricultural products can also help to address the issue of financial difficulties in agriculture, rural areas, and farmers. Overall, the digitization of agriculture, e-commerce, and finance are important drivers for the rural revitalization strategy in China. However, it is crucial to consider the local context and tailor the solutions to fit the specific needs of different rural areas.

Inspiration of International Farmland Art Application to China's Creative Agriculture

As a new industry, creative agriculture can extend the agricultural industry chain, increase the added value of agricultural products and increase farmers' income. The development of creative agriculture is conducive to solving the problems of unbalanced development between urban and rural areas and the slow economic development in rural areas. Based on the above considerations, this paper analyzes the application and characteristics of farmland art in creative agriculture in Holland, Germany, Britain, Japan and other countries, and expounds the practical experience for China's creative agriculture from the aspects of policy support, agricultural status, enhancement of artistry, cultivation of innovation ability, etc., which provides certain policy implications for the development of creative agriculture with Chinese characteristics.

Современные проблемы розничной торговли лекарственными средствами через обособленные подразделения медицинских организаций в Новосибирской области

Introduction. Low population density, complexity of drug delivery, a low level of solvency of rural population, the insufficiently developed infrastructure of pharmaceutical care, shortage of pharmaceutical specialists in municipal districts make remote territories unattractive for the development of retail trade of medicines, whereas the inconsistency of state programs for social and economic development of rural areas, the timing of their implementation, different departmental orientation, insufficient funding do not allow achieving the targets, which requires an in-depth study of the problems and determining the directions for optimizing retail trade of medicines. Aim. The study of modern problems of retail trade of medicines via separate divisions of medical facilities in the Novosibirsk region (NR). Materials and methods. The sources of information were the main health indicators of the NR for 2022, departmental materials of the Ministry of Health of the NR, questionnaires of primary care workers, the register of licenses for pharmaceutical activities in the NR, financial reports of the central district hospitals of the NR for 2022 for 30 municipal districts of the region. According to specially designed questionnaires, 95% of the total number of primary care workers involved in the retailing of medicines via separate divisions of the NR medical organizations (917) were interviewed. Results. In one third (9) of the municipal districts of the NR, the population served by one pharmacy organization is 3057 people, which is characterized as very high and corresponds to low geographic availability of pharmaceutical care. The average number of rural population served by one pharmacy organization in municipal districts in 2022 was 2138 people. According to the number of rural residents per one medical and obstetric station (MOS), the first, second and third groups of municipal districts are the most numerous and available (a total of 22) in which there are from 278 to 531 residents per one MOS, which is 73.33%, and in the rest 8 (26.66%) municipal districts, the average number of rural residents ranges from 718 to 1051, thus exceeding the indicator of the 1st group by 3.78 times. The most cost-effective are the drugs included in the first priority group (398 trade names (TN)) which has high indicators in terms of the amount of drugs sold and the number of packages dispensed, but the proportion of drugs of this group is small – 10.75%. The second priority group included 687 TN. The group has average indicators, it accounts for 18.55%. The third priority group consists of drugs with low indicators in terms of the amount of drugs sold and number of packages dispensed (2618 TN; the group’s proportion is 70.70%). The survey of primary care workers showed that only 20.7% of respondents are satisfied with the level of knowledge and skills they have. Primary care workers of MOS experience the greatest difficulties in the order of prescribing medication, accounting and storage of drugs, medical devices and other goods of pharmacy range (57.8%). Conclusion. As a result of the study, 6 groups of municipal districts were identified according to the geographic availability of retailing entities for the subsequent formation of individual development trajectories. The analysis of the realized range of drug allowed us to develop proposals for its optimization for retail trade via MOS. The results of the survey of primary care workers require the development of additional training programs for the retail trade of medicines, making reasonable management decisions to optimize retail trade.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AS THE GOAL OF THE FUNCTIONING OF RURAL AREAS

Introduction. Achieving stable economic growth was one of the main goals of any state in the 20th century. The mindless desire at any cost to demonstrate to the world the growth of the gross domestic product, it is not supported by the introduction of new technologies and care for the environment, almost led to a global collapse. Suddenly it turned out that nature is not able to satisfy the growing needs of humanity. Methods. The theoretical basis of the study is the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, the fundamental provisions of economic theory, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on theoretical and methodological issues of regulating the social and economic development of rural areas, as well as the achievements of world science in solving the problems of their balanced development. The author used general scientific and special research methods to solve the tasks: historical and economic – to analyse the genesis of theories and practice of regulation, study of the processes of economic and social transformation of rural areas during integration transformations, assessment of risks and positive consequences of agro-European integration; abstract and logical method – for substantiating and concretizing the main provisions of the concept of social and economic development of rural areas; when clarifying and comparing the economic essence of the “sustainable development” category; comparative analysis – to determine trends and regularities of foreign and domestic experience of rural development. The results. The theoretical approach and interpretation of the concept of “rural territory” from the standpoint of sustainable development, as a formalized structure of society – a local community engaged in economic development to improve the quality of life of its residents, has been clarified. The quality of life of the population of rural areas can be characterized by the degree of satisfaction of material and spiritual needs of citizens. From these positions, the sustainable development of rural areas is more a means of achieving a decent quality of life than a goal of the local community. At the same time, the quality of life is a criterion for the sustainability of the social development of rural areas. Actually, the goal of economic development is to ensure the well-being of the local community. Discussion. The post-war period of revitalization of rural areas of Ukraine will make adjustments to the theoretical foundations of their sustainable development. First of all, the task of European reference points for the development of rural areas with highly developed social infrastructure, innovative agricultural production will arise. Keywords: rural territories, sustainable development, rural area, population, environment.

Rural financial service promotion mechanism based on data center network

Rural finance plays a central role in the rural economy. The development level of rural finance affects the economic development of rural areas. my country’s rural finance is obviously underdeveloped, and the existing promotion mechanism can be improved with the help of the financial data center network. This paper designs a rural financial service promotion mechanism based on the data center network. In order to deal with the problem of limited base station resources and difficulty in meeting user access requirements in rural environments, this paper adopts a cooperative transmission mechanism based on mobile devices. For the data center, in order to make full use of the multipath bandwidth of the data center network, the existing research mostly adopts the load balancing algorithm based on link awareness. However, these studies did not consider the non-uniform nature of data center network traffic size distribution. To this end, this paper designs a Utilization-aware Load balancing algorithm based on Flow Classification (UALBAFC). The algorithm analyzes traffic characteristics on the basis of realizing congestion awareness, and uses different strategies to allocate paths for large and small flows to achieve the best match between network traffic characteristics and the advantages of routing methods. In this paper, the simulation experiment evaluation of UALBAFC algorithm is carried out. The experimental results show that, compared with the existing schemes, the method in this paper can better realize the load balancing of the data center network in the data center network with unbalanced traffic size distribution.

Resource Endowment of Rural Areas: Indicators, Assessment Procedures

The specific objectives of the baseline study are to (a) characterize the livelihoods of rural communities with respect to their physical, natural, financial, human, and social assets, (b) identify opportunities and key constraints to productivity and resource management, and (b) establish baseline information that could be used for the monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment of socio-economic projects in the region.
 A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data through a number of visits. Around 1200 households were interviewed. It is established that there are significant imbalances in the distribution of economic resources among households. This circumstance objectively hinders the growth of the solvent potential of the rural population and hinders the economic development of rural areas. In addition, there are no organized forms of economic interaction of households in the studied region. Meanwhile, social capital in the form of a cooperative or other form of association is, in principle, a powerful means of solving socio-economic problems in rural areas, including in the supply of resources and the promotion of their own products on the market.
 The results obtained highlight the major constraints and opportunities that would guide intervention projects to improve food security and reduce poverty in the survey sites. 

EFEKTIVITAS DAN EFESIENSI PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK GAMPONG (BUMG) DALAM MENDUKUNG KEMAJUAN EKONOMI DESA

National economic progress will only be achieved if there is a good economic climate at the provincial level. Economic progress at the provincial level will be achieved if the district has good economic activity. The economic progress of a district can be achieved because of the contribution of a strong rural economy which has an impact on the welfare of the wider community. This will ensure good governance is implemented at all levels of development and decisions are based on the real needs of the people. Economic development in rural areas has long been carried out by the government through various programs. One of the programs to improve the rural economy is through the establishment of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Aceh. Villages are more closely named as Gampong. BUMG was born as a new approach in efforts to improve the village economy based on its needs and potential. BUMG management is fully carried out by the Gampong community. The way BUMG works is by accommodating community economic activities in an institutional form or business entity that is managed professionally but still relies on the original potential of the Gampong. This can make community businesses more productive and effective. This study aims to determine the Effectiveness and Efficiency of BUMG Financial Management in Glumpang Tiga District, Pidie District, with samples taken in 3 (three) Gampongs, namely Gampong Meunjee, Gampong Panjoe, Gampong Krueng Nyong. This study uses primary data from original data sources, the data analysis method used in this research is descriptive qualitative by managing the data obtained, to see BUMG’s financial management in Glumpang Tiga District, so it can be concluded that the effectiveness and efficiency of financial management Bumdes in Glumpang Tiga District, Pidie Regency, is running effectively or not. This is in accordance with the mandate of the village law so that it is able to make Gampong an independent villageKeywords : Analysis, Development, Banking

Community Empowerment in Tonjong Area Through Financial Application Training, “SIAPIK”

Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) are one form of economic development in rural areas that the government is currently intensively undertaking. One of the rural areas that already has its own BUMDes in Bogor Regency is Tonjong Village. The purpose of this Community Service is to empower community in Tonjong Village in the field of financial reporting by utilizing the financial application, namely Sistem Informasi Aplikasi Akuntansi Pencatatan Informasi Keuangan (SIAPIK). The benefits obtained from the implementation of this community empowerment are encouraging the maximization of the business units of the Tonjong Village community, especially BUMDes Kurnia Abadi through good financial reporting so that their business can operate in accordance with BUMDes values, namely Tariffs (Transparency, Accountability, Responsibility, Independence, and Fairness). The method used to empower residents of Bogor Regency, especially those affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, is to prepare learning materials in the form of manual books and video tutorials on how to use the SIAPIK through simulation of company financial transactions that are similar like real conditions. Furthermore, in the learning process, several learning methods are used, including the distribution of manual books, demonstrations through video tutorials, and discussions via short messages.

Research on the Present Situation, Problems and Countermeasures Under the Integration of Digital Economy and Agricultural Economy

Based on the actual situation of economic development in rural areas of China, this paper explains the practice of the integration of rural economy and digital economy. At present, with the development of digital economy, the integration of digital economy and agricultural economy has become the basic way to improve the development level of agricultural modernization, and it is also an important means to promote the high-quality development of rural economy, the structural reform of agricultural supply side and the rural revitalization strategy. However, as far as the current development stage is concerned, there are still problems in digital infrastructure, digital sharing, personnel training and related laws and regulations. According to the related problems, this paper puts forward corresponding solutions, and strives to provide more theoretical and guiding experience for the realization of China's agricultural modernization development and rural revitalization strategy.

Rural Social Security, Precautionary Savings, and the Upgrading of Rural Residents’ Consumption Structure in China

Based on the 2012 and 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data, this paper explores the influence mechanism between rural social security, precautionary savings, and the upgrading of rural residents’ consumption structure in China from theoretical and empirical perspectives. The results show that China’s rural social security can significantly promote the upgrading of rural residents’ consumption structure, and 1.79% of the positive effect of China’s rural social security on the upgrading of rural residents’ consumption structure in China is realized through the mediating effect of precautionary saving; the robustness of the regression results is tested by a placebo test and substitution matching method. Through further research, it is found that the promotion effect of China’s rural social security on the upgrading of rural residents’ consumption structure in China varies by region and age. In order to promote the sustainable upgrading of rural residents’ consumption structure, rural social security policies should be further improved, and new rural social pension insurance policies should be formulated according to local conditions, which will ultimately promote the economic development of rural areas.

Influence of the development of human capital and social identification of the rural laborers’ mobility in rural strategy revitalization in China

This paper presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between human capital and rural laborers’ willingness to return to their hometowns based on the moderating effect of identity in China. The results show that the level of human capital significantly affects the willingness of the mobile population to return to their hometowns, but this effect is reversed, i.e., the increase in the level of human capital reduces the willingness of rural laborers to return to their hometowns. The urban identity of rural laborers after flowing into cities has a significant positive moderating effect on their willingness to return to their hometowns. Improving the carrying capacity of economic development in rural areas, further strengthening infrastructure construction in rural areas to provide the material basis for rural revitalization and labor force return, and at the same time strengthening the education and training of farmers to enhance their main status is recommended.

Сельские территории Юга России: тенденции, проблемы и перспективы устойчивого развития

Creation of conditions for the balanced development of rural areas, which are a multifunctional element of the country’s economic space, is one of the most important strategic goals of state policy. Despite the fact that issues of agroindustrial complex and rural areas support are analyzed at all levels of government, many systemic social and economic problems and imbalances remain, as well as the limiting factors for their sustainable development, even in regions with competitive advantages. The purpose of the study was to analyze current trends, problems and imbalances in the social and economic development of rural areas, as well as to find ways to increase the effectiveness of their state support. The Southern Federal District, which occupies a leading position in the country’s food security among macroregions of this type, was chosen as the object of study. Based on the methods of economic, statistical and comparative analysis, abstract and logical thinking, the authors revealed a deepening of destructive innovative, informational and infrastructural differentiation between the subjects of the Southern Federal District and settlements of various types (rural and urban). The analysis of the fifteenyear dynamics of the development of agriculture and a set of social and economic parameters made it possible to establish that economic growth in the agricultural sector is poorly converted into the development of rural areas. Particular attention is paid to the emerging trend towards de-urbanization, to maintain which a number of areas for correction of regional policy were suggested. They are stimulation of the transition from a single-industry to a diversified model of the rural economy, development of small and medium-sized businesses, realization of a strategy of selectivity and priority in the development of individual territories, subsidy for estimate documentation infrastructure projects, timely diagnosis and elimination of social and economic imbalances, adjustment of the rules for rural mortgages and support of housing construction in rural areas.

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Specialized Villages in Henan Province

The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy is a major decision-making arrangement of the Party Central Committee and a new carrier to promote the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Specialized villages are a field that has received widespread attention in academic circles in recent years, and they play an important role in promoting the economic development of rural areas. This paper comprehensively uses buffer analysis, kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation analysis, Ripley's K function and other methods to describe the spatial distribution characteristics of specialized villages in Henan province, identify the influencing factors of the spatial differentiation of specialized villages, and reveal the spatial distribution of specialized villages. The results show that: (1) The distribution density of specialized villages in Henan province is 0.2784/km2, which shows the characteristics of "more in the north and less in the south, gathering in the north and scattered in the south". (2) The core density of specialized villages at the district and county scale in Henan province is worth the Moran index of 0.128, showing the characteristics of spatial agglomeration.

Economic Motivations and Uneven Economic Development in Rural Hebei Province, China

While the rapid development of China in the recent 4 decades has made China the second largest country in the economy, rural areas in Hebei province still suffer from uneven economic growth and unsustainable economic pattern. The population, education, and financial problems also hinder the rural economic development. In this article, the author draws on his investigation of Yangzhuang, a typical coastal village, Zhaicheng, a typical plain village, and Xiaolizhuang, a montane village, with the exploration of the motivations that drive the village economy and the unbalanced economic development in rural areas

The role and priorities of rural green tourism in the social and economic development of rural areas

The role and priorities of rural green tourism in the social and economic development of rural areas

Research on the Impact of Rural Population Structure Changes on the Net Carbon Sink of Agricultural Production-Take Huan County in the Loess Hilly Region of China as an Example

People are the fundamental purpose and driving force of agricultural development. The changes in population structure can directly affect social and economic development of rural areas and the entire process of agricultural production. This paper takes Huan County in the Loess Hilly Region of China as the evaluation object, the townships as the evaluation unit, the change of rural population structure as the key point, and the agricultural production as the mediating factor, to study the mechanism of agricultural net carbon sinks. The results show: 1) From 2009 to 2018, the number of rural labor force in Huan County was seriously lost, the quality of the labor force was steadily improved, and the age of the labor force was increased. The number of agricultural employees dropped from 72.6 to 49.4%. The number of people with high school education or above increased from 9.7 to 15.1%. Those over working age who participated in the labor force rose from 5.2 to 8.3%. 2) The Loess Hilly Region in the northwest of Huan County was “grain-trending,” and the River Valley and Plain Area in the southeast was “grain-removing.” The input structure index both increased first and then decreased. and the Loess Hilly Region was more dependent on the fertilizer. 3) The rural population structure affects the agricultural net carbon sink by affecting the planting structure index and the input structure index. The rural population quantity and quality structure have a significant positive effect on the agricultural net carbon sink, while the population age structure has a significant negative effect on the agricultural net carbon sink. 4) From the mediating effect, the loss of population can cause fluctuations in the agricultural net carbon sink. The improvement of population quality will promote the growth of the agricultural net carbon sink, and the aging of the population will cause the decline of the agricultural net carbon sink. 5) The return of the labor force, the improvement of labor force quality, the improvement of production methods, technological innovation, and skill training are the main ways to increase agricultural net carbon sinks and reduce emissions. This paper can lay a solid foundation for realizing the overall emission reduction target of agricultural production in the Loess Hilly Region.

Analysis of Industrial Diversification Level of Economic Development in Rural Areas Using Herfindahl Index and Two-Step Clustering

The purpose of this study is to analyze the possible relationship between industrial structure and economic development in rural areas in South Korea. Accordingly, this study uses the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index and a two-step cluster analysis method to conduct an empirical analysis of the rural areas of Chungcheongbuk-do as the research object. The results show that among the 11 regions with concentrated industrial structures, the cluster results of 2 regions changed from the decentralized low employment cluster in 2010 to a concentrated high employment cluster in 2015, while the cluster results of other regions remained unchanged. Among the 18 regions with decentralized industrial structure, the cluster results of 5 regions changed from the concentrated high employment cluster in 2010 to the decentralized low employment cluster. Meanwhile, the cluster results of three regions changed from the decentralized low employment cluster in 2010 to the concentrated high employment cluster in 2015, while the cluster results of other regions remained unchanged. Based on this, it can be concluded that, for general rural areas, a low level of industrial diversification, that is, a concentrated industrial structure, is more conducive to promoting the economic development of rural areas. However, there is a special case, namely that rural areas with certain specific advantages, a high level of industrial diversification, or a decentralized industrial structure are more conducive to the development of the regional economy.

CURRENT PROBLEMS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS OF UDMURTIA

The article shows the socio-economic development of rural areas of Udmurtia in recent years, with the allocation of territories of advanced development and lagging areas. The results of the sociological analysis of the factors shaping the standard of living of rural residents are presented, the main ones are highlighted. A new indicator of a comprehensive assessment of the level of social development of rural areas is proposed, its significance for rural areas of Udmurtia is calculated. The deepening of the differentiation of rural development depending on various factors, including social and industrial, is proved and the main reasons for this discrepancy are given. .Statistical materials show how factors of social and economic development of rural areas affect the level of migration of the population. The results of correlation and regression analysis of the main factors influencing the migration of rural residents are presented. The influence of the specifics and efficiency of industrial activity in rural areas on the standard of living of the population is shown. Based on the wage level indicator, the influence of modern technologies and digital transformation of agricultural production on the development of the territory is shown. The measures of state support for the development of backward rural areas focused on the development of social infrastructure and stimulating innovative investments in production activities are proposed.

Enterprise hubs as a mechanism for local economic development in rural areas

Until recently, rural areas have been largely disregarded in innovation policies, due to the lack of physical proximity between businesses required to create agglomeration benefits. Rural enterprise hubs – defined as physical infrastructure that provides workspaces to multiple tenant businesses, with additional services such as shared equipment, meeting rooms, co-working spaces, and business advice or support - are one means of increasing not only physical, but a wide range of non-spatial proximities between rural businesses. Drawing on and extending proximity theory, and based on qualitative case study research, this paper provides the first in-depth analysis of how co-location of businesses within Rural Enterprise Hubs can generate benefits for tenants and overcome a lack of proximity to networks and support systems. It identifies the salience of these benefits for different types of businesses and the extent to which hubs help to overcome common constraints faced by rural businesses.