Ecological Advantages Research Articles

Eucalyptus Oil as a Remedy for Agriculture crop protection: A Review

The word “eucalyptus” originates from Greek terms meaning “well” and “cover,” describing its association with closed flowers. This evergreen tree, native to Australia and other regions, has become one of the most widely planted tree species globally due to its rapid growth and versatility. Eucalyptus offers economic benefits, supports smallholders, and aids in regenerating damaged forests. However, its environmental impact, including water resource depletion and soil erosion, requires further study. Eucalyptus oil, influenced by factors like altitude and tree age, has various pharmaceutical applications. It serves as an insecticide, pesticide, and nematicide, thanks to components like 1,8-cineole. The oil repels insects, inhibits pests, and even deters disease vectors. Additionally, it exhibits antidiabetic, antioxidant, and pain-relieving properties, making it a valuable natural remedy. In conclusion, eucalyptus cultivation offers economic benefits and ecological advantages, but its environmental consequences need closer examination. Eucalyptus oil’s diverse applications in pest control and healthcare underscore its multifaceted importance.

Ecological potential advantages, effective grassroots governance and ecotourism industry development mechanism:A case study of the summer tourism industry in Shanbao community, Tongzi county, Guizhou province

Ecological potential advantages, effective grassroots governance and ecotourism industry development mechanism:A case study of the summer tourism industry in Shanbao community, Tongzi county, Guizhou province

ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF CARBON SORBENTS BASED ON SAWWOOD OF DIFFERENT TREES

The paper analyzes the effectiveness of the use of carbon sorbents based on sawdust of various tree species in decontamination of fuel and lubricants. The advantages of using the sorption method as an effective, widespread, simple and affordable method for cleaning oil products are substantiated. Attention is focused on the quality of the sorbent material for the use of carbon sorbents from sawdust of various tree species. The structural, physico-chemical, absorption and sorption characteristics of carbon sorbents from vegetable raw materials are given and the effectiveness of their use for cleaning water and soil environments is shown. The ecological and economic advantages of cleaning the water and soil environment from oil products with carbon sorbents from plant raw materials, compared to other methods and means of cleaning, are revealed.

The use of mixed bomass alga-fungi in mutualistic relationship and natural marine-origin carrier in MBBR reactor for an ecological treatment of effluents from fish processing industry in Morocco

The biological treatment in a fluidised biofilm bed bioreactor (MBBR) of fisheries effluent was studied using a mixed biomass of macro-algae and Aspergillus niger as fungal innoculum. The Green macro algae Ulva lactuca (ULva) and the Brown seaweed genus of Laminaria collected from the coast of Mohammedia city in Morocco, was used to ensure better efficiency in reducing pollution in the cases of mixed biomass bioreactor and of a mutualistic relationship favorable between Algae and fungi. For better ecological and economic advantages this study also considers the biofilm colonization media used and also compared between the use of conventional Kaldnes K3 and sardine scales as a support for biofilm colonization in MBBR bioreactors. The results obtained showed that the use of co-culture of fungi and macro-algae represents an excellent development prospect. The organic substance reduction efficiency obtained in this study, using the mixed biomass between the brown macro alga laminaria and the Aspergillus niger fungi, is better than that obtained by using the biomass containing the green macro alga, especially for the reduction of total nitrogen, so that the abatement rate is up to 78% for the natural sardine shell support and 72% for the synthetic K3 support.

STUDY TO MEASURE THE LEVEL OF DEMAND OF SOLID BIOMASS FUEL WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BRIQUETTES IN BANGALORE

This study examines the potential of biomass briquettes as a sustainable alternative to conventional fuels in rural India and beyond, focusing on their demand dynamics, production processes, and applications in industries such as mining. With a significant portion of rural households relying on biofuels for energy, the research explores the efficiency and environmental benefits of using biomass briquettes made from agricultural residues, sawdust, and other biodegradable materials. Through descriptive and applied methodology, including surveys among 50 organizations and regression analysis, the study identifies a positive correlation between the density of biomass briquettes and their quantity demanded. The findings underscore the role of biomass briquettes in addressing energy shortages, reducing reliance on non-renewable resources, and mitigating environmental impacts. By highlighting the economic and ecological advantages of biomass briquettes, especially in energy-intensive sectors, this research contributes to the discourse on renewable energy solutions and sustainable industrial practices.

Deep Learning Algorithms in Industry 5.0: A Comprehensive Experimental Study

This extensive experimental research provides strong empirical proof of the revolutionary power of deep learning algorithms when integrated into Industry 5.0. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), and Transformers are a few examples of deep learning algorithms that have shown remarkable accuracy rates of 92.3%, 88.7%, and 95.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the processing durations, which vary between 15 and 25 milliseconds, confirm their ability to make decisions in real time. The abundance of various data accessible in Industry 5.0 is highlighted by data collection sources such as picture databases (300 GB), text corpora (150 GB), equipment records (250 GB), and IoT sensor data (500 GB). The significant energy savings, shown by 20% reductions across a range of machine types, highlight the financial and ecological advantages of deep learning integration. Moreover, the noteworthy improvements in production quality, exhibiting up to 50% reductions in defect rates, highlight the potential of deep learning in quality assurance. These results provide tangible proof of the critical roles deep learning algorithms play in streamlining production lines, increasing energy economy, and boosting product quality in the ever-changing Industry 5.0 environment.

Exploring ecological carbon sequestration advantage and economic responses in an ecological security pattern: A nature-based solutions perspective

Nature-based solutions (NbS) underscore a holistic approach centered around ecosystems to address challenges. Under the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality "goal, the identification of core ecological carbon sequestration (ECS) areas within ecosystems lacks an effective grading model. Furthermore, the insufficient delineation of the relationship between carbon sink potential and economic development has impeded scientific planning and effective management. This study introduces an innovative hierarchical model for identifying ECS core areas, combined with an NbS framework. This study employs the InVEST-Zonation-MSPA modeling approach to construct the hierarchical model for ECS core areas. In the process of establishing the ecological security pattern (ESP), it measures the ECS advantage and employs the multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model to explain the spatial variations in economic responses to ECS advantage levels. The study considered Yunnan Province, which has rich ecological carbon sinks in the highland mountains of southwest China, as the study area. The key findings are: (1) The distribution pattern of priority levels for ecosystem services related to ECS shows a three-tiered pattern. Factors such as urban expansion and infrastructure development have reduced priority areas in ECS. (2) In the construction of the ESP, scenario A and scenario B identified 16.71 % and 14.64 % of priority areas as core ecological source areas, respectively. A linear relationship exists between minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) and the ECS advantage index (ECSAI). An equation was developed to explain 30.9 % of the variability in ECSAI, indicating that ECSAI increases to some extent with increasing MCR. (3) The hierarchical classification of ECS core areas is based on a priority protection area foundation formed jointly by ecological and carbon sequestration landscape priorities. Four levels of core areas (I, II, III, IV) are defined, representing 3.9 %, 6.2 %, 2.7 %, and 37.3 % of the total area respectively. (4) Economic factors exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity in their impact on ECS across counties. This study provides a quantitative analytical method for balancing carbon sequestration priorities with economic development. The results guide regional ecological conservation and carbon sequestration management.

Crinum bulbispermum, a Medicinal Geophyte with Phytostabilization Properties in Metal-Enriched Mine Tailings.

Ancient grasslands are lost through transformation to agriculture, mining, and urban expansion. Land-use change leads to ecosystem degradation and a subsequent loss of biodiversity. Globally, degraded grasslands have become a priority for restoration efforts to recover lost ecosystem services. Although the ecological and social benefits of woody species and grasses are well documented, limited research has considered the use of forbs for restoration purposes despite their benefits (e.g., C sequestration and medicinal uses). The aim of this study was to determine if Crinum bulbispermum (Burm.f.) Milne-Redh. & Schweick., a medicinal geophyte, could form part of restoration initiatives to restore mine soils in grasslands of the South African Highveld. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the performance of C. bulbispermum in a random design, with three soil treatments varying in level of degradation and metal contamination. The plants were monitored for 12 months, and the morphological characters were measured monthly to assess performance and survival. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the soil and plant tissue concentration of potentially toxic metals. The results indicated that mine tailings negatively affected the growth and development of C. bulbispermum. Although the survival rates indicated that it could survive on tailings, its below-par productivity indicated that the species is not ideal for restoration purposes unless the tailings are ameliorated with topsoil. Although there was root accumulation of metals (Co, Cd, Cu, Mo, and Zn), there was no translocation to the bulbs and leaves, which makes C. bulbispermum suitable for medicinal use even when grown on metal-enriched soil. This species may not be viable for phytoremediation but is a contender to be used in phytostabilization due to its ecological advantages and the fact that it does not accumulate or store metals. These findings underscore the importance of considering geophytes in grassland restoration strategies, expanding their ecological and societal benefits beyond conventional approaches.

Ecological performance of an integrated ex-situ rice-fish co-culture system

Rice-fish co-culture system (RFCS) is an eco-friendly agricultural mode, but traditional RFCS has revealed many deficiencies. In this study, we constructed a new system of ex-situ rice-fish co-culture (ESRF) and evaluated its performance in ecological advantages. Chemical environmental factors, plankton and microorganisms, as well as ecology and economic benefits, were analyzed in the ESRF system. Results showed that 23.6% fertilizer and 47.5% water were saved in ESRF compared with rice monoculture. After wastewater in the fish ponds flowed through the paddy fields, the concentrations of TN, TP, CODMn, NH4+-N, NO2−-N and DIP decreased 72.78%, 63.81%, 53.32%, 45.54%, 51.31% and 44.05%, respectively through the absorption by rice. The phytoplankton abundance of cyanobacteria in wastewater, mainly Microcystis and Merismopedia tenuissima decreased significantly in ESRF system in July. Rotifer was the most dominant zooplankton in all samples and its abundance decreased significantly in ESRF system. After the aquaculture wastewater flowed through the paddy fields, the relative abundance of several bacteria with the ability of transforming nitrogen and phosphorus increased, such as Vogesella, Comamonadaceae, Flavobacterium, Sphingobium, Brevundimonas and Sphingomonas. These results suggest that ESRF is an eco-friendly and economical agricultural production mode and worthy of application in agriculture production.

Slow-release fertilizer deep placement increased rice yield and reduced the ecological and environmental impact in Southeast China: A life-cycle perspective

An unreasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer leads to increased agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and carbon footprint (CF). To solve this issue, slow-release fertilizer and deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer are recommended, and have been proven effective in improving nitrogen utilization efficiency and reducing nitrogen loss. However, the deep placement of fertilizer increases the cost of mechanical fuel and labor, especially in the hilly and mountainous areas of southeast China and the comprehensive effects throughout the life cycle of crop production, including economic benefits, energy flow, and environmental and ecological advantages, resulting from different application strategies for nitrogen fertilizer, are still largely unknown. In this work, a two-year field trial was conducted in Fujian Province, China, from 2021 to 2022. The main objectives of the study were to investigate the yield and GHG emissions resulting from the deep placement of slow-release fertilizer (DSK) and to assess the carbon footprint, energy use efficiency, and net economic and ecological benefits from a life-cycle perspective. The results showed that compared with deep placement of urea (DCK), slow-release fertilizer broadcasting (SK), and the traditional fertilization mode practiced by farmers (CK), the average annual yield of rice under DSK treatment significantly increased by 8.78%, 15.18%, and 23.54% respectively. Compared with CK, the contents of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and trans-Zeatin Riboside (t-ZR) under DSK were significantly increased and the dry matter translocation amount, Non-Structural Carbohydrates (NSC) translocation amount and Nitrogen translocation amount were significantly increased by 22.79%, 49.60% and 41.47% respectively. GHG emissions were indirectly reduced by the transport of above-ground substances to grains. The average cumulative CH4 emissions were significantly reduced by 25.34% in the DSK treatment, compared to the CK treatment, primarily as a result of decreased methanogenic gene abundance of mcra gene. Additionally, N2O emissions decreased significantly by 48.97%, compared to the CK, mainly due to a decrease in nirK gene abundance and an increase in nosZ gene abundance in denitrifying bacteria. Furthermore, the carbon footprint of the DSK treatment significantly decreased by 38.74% compared to the CK treatment, while net energy income and net ecological and economic benefits increased by 43.83% and 76.43%, respectively. Comprehensive analysis showed that deep placement of slow-release fertilizer is a sustainable nitrogen fertilizer management mode that helps to balance grain yield, environmental footprint, and economic benefits in southeast China.

Optimization of the Impact of Dune Sand, Recycled Rubber Aggregates, and Clay Brick Waste on Eco-Mortar Mechanical Strength by the Taguchi Method

Utilizing local materials and recycling waste has the potential to yield both ecological and economic advantages in the field of construction materials. In this context, the object of this work is to apply Taguchi's design of experiments on cement eco-mortar, which were designed using an L-9 orthogonal array, to optimize and model the effect of dune sand of the El Oued region, rubber aggregates, and crushed clay brick waste on the mechanical strength at 28 days. The different interactions were also investigated between the factors targeted in our study, namely: dune sand (DS) content, rubber aggregates (RA) content, and brick waste (BW) content. The results of the analysis of variation (ANOVA) as well as the mathematical models developed in this study showed that the BW factor content has a positive effect on compressive strength and a negative effect on flexural strength. In addition, the interactions between DS and BW contents and between RA and BW contents have a negative effect on the compressive strength of eco-mortar. With regard to flexural strength, the results showed that the interaction between the factors DS and RA contents has a negative effect on flexural strength, in contrast to the interaction between the RA and BW contents, which has a positive effect.

The Main Experiences and Insights of the "Two Mountains" Practice Innovation Base in Chinese Mountainous Counties

This study examines the experiences and insights of the "Two Mountains" practice innovation base through a review of the literature, empirical analysis, and on-site research, utilizing Qingyuan County in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, as a case study. The study examines the interconnected relationship between green mountains and gold and silver mountains within the framework of sustainable development and takes into account the larger context of China's ecological civilization construction. It makes the claim that ecological advantages can be converted into economic advantages. The study summarizes Qingyuan County's experiences and emphasizes how the county realized that green mountains and clear waters alone make up "gold and silver mountains". The county actively looks for ways to turn ecological advantages into financial gains and has established a green industry system based on ecological tourism, industry, and agriculture. Ecological capital is created through this transformation, which makes ecological resources a vital component of the regional economy within the ecological region. The paper talks about the lessons learned and experiences that can be applied to further integrate development and protection, combine substantive operations and reform, and combine model demonstrations with experience sharing.

A record of diurnal birth and placentophagia in an urban-dwelling female black and gold howler monkey (Alouatta caraya, Primates: Atelidae) in the City of Pilar, south-west Paraguay

Placentophagia, the postpartum consumption of the afterbirth by a mother, is widespread among eutherian mammals and linked to both endocrinological and ecological advantages. However, its occurrence in urban-dwelling arboreal primates, including the genus Alouatta, is not well represented in the literature. This is the first recorded instance of diurnal birth and placentophagia in an urban environment by a female black-and-gold howler monkey (Alouatta caraya) in Pilar, Paraguay. Observations were made as part of the Para La Tierra Urban Howler Project. A total of 165-minutes of observations during the postpartum period are reported presently, including behaviours of the mother, neonate, and other group members. The mother exhibited self- and allogrooming of the infant, and consumption of the placenta and umbilical cord, which aligns with known Alouatta post-parturition behaviors, despite the novel urban setting. This event indicates the species' behavioral flexibility and suggests potential adaptation to urban habitats, that are absent of natural predators but present novel anthropogenic stressors. Understanding a species’ adaptability is vital for development of robust conservation strategies as primates increasingly inhabit urban landscapes.

Effect of Microstructure on the Machinability of Natural Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composites: A Novel Explainable Machine Learning (XML) Approach

Abstract Natural fiber-reinforced plastic (NFRP) composites are ecofriendly and biodegradable materials that offer tremendous ecological advantages while preserving unique structures and properties. Studies on using these natural fibers as alternatives to conventional synthetic fibers in fiber-reinforced materials have opened up possibilities for industrial applications, especially for sustainable manufacturing. However, critical issues reside in the machinability of such materials because of their multiscale structure and the randomness of the reinforcing elements distributed within the matrix basis. This paper reports a comprehensive investigation of the effect of microstructure heterogeneity on the resultant behaviors of cutting forces for NFRP machining. A convolutional neural network (CNN) links the microstructural reinforcing fibers and their impacts on changing the cutting forces (with an estimated R-squared value over 90%). Next, a model-agnostic explainable machine learning approach is implemented to decipher this CNN black-box model by discovering the underlying mechanisms of relating the reinforcing elements/fibers’ microstructures. The presented xml approach extracts physical descriptors from the in-process monitoring microscopic images and finds the causality of the fibrous structures’ heterogeneity to the resultant machining forces. The results suggest that, for the heterogeneous fibers, the tightly and evenly bounded fiber elements (i.e., with lower aspect ratio, lower eccentricity, and higher compactness) strengthen the material and thereafter play a significant role in increasing the cutting forces during NFRP machining. Therefore, the presented framework of the explainable machine learning approach opens an opportunity to discover the causality of material microstructures on the resultant process dynamics and accurately predict the cutting behaviors during material removal processes.

Novel insect-based child nutrition: the position of the nutritional committee of the Italian society of pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition (SIGENP)

BackgroundThe European Union (EU) approved the placement on European market of insect-based novel foods. Those foods were defined safe for the consumption for all European population, including children.Main bodyThe nutrition committee of the Italian society of Paediatric Hepatology and Nutrition (SIGENP) performed literature research to understand benefits and risk of those use of those NF for Italian children. A special attention was reserved to the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) reports upon which those novel insect-based were approved.ConclusionsBased on the current knowledge, despite a possible ecological advantage, the group of expert suggests additional researches before pronouncing on a possible use for children diet, because of insufficient evidence on nutritional benefits and possible food allergies.

Efficient treatment of leather wastewater using a combination of CEPT and SBR with a novel flocculant

The suspended solids in leather wastewater serve as carriers for many pollutants, and traditional treatment methods have certain limitations. Hence, this research integrated chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) with sequential batch reactor (SBR) technologies by using ecologically friendly vermiculite flocculants instead of conventional ones. In the CEPT phase, with solely addition of the vermiculite flocculant, the removal rates for turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), and total phosphorus (TP) reached 97.9 %, 62.1 %, 94.5 %, and 88.6 %, respectively. Upon adding both the vermiculite flocculant and a coagulant aid, the removal ratios improved to 98.9 %, 75.1 %, 97.6 %, and 88.6 %. Processing after SBR biochemical treatment further enhanced the removal ratios to 99.9 %, 96.7 %, 99.9 %, and 95.5 % for turbidity, COD, SS, and TP, respectively. Additionally, the high-throughput sequencing revealed a dynamic change in the dominant microbial phyla throughout the treatment process, which is associated with the effectiveness of treating COD, TP, and TN. In summary, the use of the vermiculite flocculant combined with the CEPT+SBR approach demonstrates significant ecological and environmental advantages in treating leather wastewater, providing valuable insights for future treatment strategies.

Performance assessment and economic and ecological analysis of carbon-negative recycled crumb rubber-based geopolymers

Geopolymer technology offers several compelling ecological and economic advantages regarding waste management. This research investigates the effect of size (less than equal to 4 mm) and amount (5–15 vol%) of crumb rubber (CR) as fine aggregate on the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of geopolymers. The economic and ecological analyses were also performed to determine the effect of producing CR-based geopolymers on cost and the environment. The results revealed that the addition of CR negatively influences the physical, mechanical, and durability properties; nonetheless, incorporation of 5–10 vol% CR with a size less than 2 mm exhibited satisfactory performance fit for medium-strength structures such as foundations, partition walls, sidewalks, drainage structures, etc. Additionally, although the incorporation of CR slightly increases the production cost (3.99–11.97%) and embodied energy (0.08–0.24%) of resulting geopolymers, the embodied CO2 emission of 5, 10, and 15 vol% CR-incorporated geopolymer mixes is 90.4, −143.6 and −377.6 kgCO2e/m3, respectively. In contrast, the embodied CO2 emissions of conventional geopolymer mix is 324.4 kgCO2e/m3, which shows the negative carbon emission potential of CR-modified geopolymers, providing a glimmer of hope for sustainable development in the construction industry.

A Method of Chestnut Forest Identification Based on Time Series and Key Phenology from Sentinel-2

Chestnut trees hold a prominent position in China as an economically significant forest species, offering both high economic value and ecological advantages. Identifying the distribution of chestnut forests is of paramount importance for enhancing efficient management practices. Presently, many studies are employing remote sensing imaging methods to monitor tree species. However, in comparison to the common classification of land cover types, the accuracy of tree species identification is relatively lower. This study focuses on accurately mapping the distribution of planted chestnut forests in China, particularly in the Huairou and Miyun regions, which are the main producing areas for Yanshan chestnuts in northeastern Beijing. We utilized the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery to develop a method based on vegetation phenological features. This method involved identifying three distinct phenological periods of chestnut trees: flowering, fruiting, and dormancy, and extracting relevant spectral, vegetation, and terrain features. With these features, we further established and compared three machine learning algorithms for chestnut species identification: random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), and support vector machine (SVM). Our results indicated that the recognition accuracy of these algorithms ranked in descending order as RF > DT > SVM. We found that combining multiple phenological characteristics significantly improved the accuracy of chestnut forest distribution identification. Using the random forest algorithm and Sentinel-2 phenological features, we achieved an impressive overall accuracy (OA) of 98.78%, a Kappa coefficient of 0.9851, and a user’s accuracy (UA) and producer’s accuracy (PA) of 97.25% and 98.75%, respectively, for chestnut identification. When compared to field surveys and official area statistics, our method exhibited an accuracy rate of 89.59%. The implementation of this method not only offers crucial data support for soil erosion prevention and control studies in Beijing but also serves as a valuable reference for future research endeavors in this field.

Ecological advantage of polarized light pollution: positive effect of a dark lake patch at a canal inflow on habitat of non-biting midges

AbstractDark artificial surfaces reflecting highly and horizontally polarized light usually have negative effects on polarotactic aquatic insects detecting their habitats by the horizontal polarization of water-reflected light. This ecologically disadvantageous phenomenon is called polarized light pollution. We have observed that the water between the concrete walls of a harbour of the Hungarian Lake Balaton is continuously dark from autumn to spring due to the inflow of a canal rich in dissolved humic substances. Using ground-born imaging polarimetry, we demonstrated that this dark water patch reflects light with higher degrees of polarization than the brighter lake water. Our hypothesis was that the stronger horizontally polarized light reflected from the dark water patch is more attractive to swarming, water-seeking and egg-laying non-biting midges (Chironomidae) than the surrounding brighter lake water. With larval samplings, we showed that both the density and the average size of chironomid larvae were significantly larger in the harbour than in the surrounding lake. This finding may represent an ecological advantage of polarized light pollution: polarotactic chironomids are intensely attracted to a strongly and horizontally polarizing, seasonally dark water patch at the canal inflow, where the abundance of larvae increases. It should be taken into consideration that increased larval abundance might result in increased swarming intensity which could affect humans by causing considerable nuisance.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals deep molecular landscapes in stony coral Montipora clade.

Introduction: Coral reefs, among the most invaluable ecosystems in the world, face escalating threats from climate change and anthropogenic activities. To decipher the genetic underpinnings of coral adaptation and resilience, we undertook comprehensive transcriptome profiling of two emblematic coral species, Montipora foliosa and Montipora capricornis, leveraging PacBio Iso-Seq technology. These species were strategically selected for their ecological significance and their taxonomic proximity within the Anthozoa class. Methods: Our study encompassed the generation of pristine transcriptomes, followed by thorough functional annotation via diverse databases. Subsequently, we quantified transcript abundance and scrutinized gene expression patterns, revealing notable distinctions between the two species. Results: Intriguingly, shared orthologous genes were identified across a spectrum of coral species, highlighting a substantial genetic conservation within scleractinian corals. Importantly, a subset of genes, integral to biomineralization processes, emerged as exclusive to scleractinian corals, shedding light on their intricate evolutionary history. Furthermore, we discerned pronounced upregulation of genes linked to immunity, stress response, and oxidative-reduction processes in M. foliosa relative to M. capricornis. These findings hint at the presence of more robust mechanisms in M. foliosa for maintaining internal equilibrium and effectively navigating external challenges, underpinning its potential ecological advantage. Beyond elucidating genetic adaptation in corals, our research underscores the urgency of preserving genetic diversity within coral populations. Discussion: These insights hold promise for informed conservation strategies aimed at safeguarding these imperiled ecosystems, bearing ecological and economic significance. In synthesis, our study seamlessly integrates genomic inquiry with ecological relevance, bridging the gap between molecular insights and the imperative to conserve coral reefs in the face of mounting threats.