Eclipta Alba Research Articles

Weed growth, nutrient removal and yield of direct-seeded rice as influenced by establishment methods and chemical-cum-mechanical weed management practices

Direct seeding of rice (Oryza sativa L.) has since long been viewed as a potential alternative to unsustainable water-intensive transplanted rice (TPR) world-over, but heavy infestation of a variety of weed species limits the large-scale adoption of direct-seeded rice (DSR) cultivation. Hence, a 2-year field investigation was carried-out in a spilt-plot design, at Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, during rainy seasons of 2016 and 2017 to assess the influence of various crop establishment methods (CEMs) and weed management options (WMs) on diverse weed-flora, nutrient removal by weeds, weed-control efficiency (WCE) and yield of DSR (cv. Rajendra Kasturi). The results revealed that zero-till DSR + residue + Sesbania brown manure (ZTDSR + R + SBM) was most effective in containing crop-weed competition, lowered density of Echinochloa colona (L.) Link, Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Eclipta alba (L.) Hassak., Caesulia axillaris Roxb., Cyperus rotundus L., Cyperus iria L., Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl. by 63.4% and enhanced grain yield by 22.8%. Further, applying pendimethalin at 1000 g ai ha−1 as PRE. and later post-emergence (POST) spray of chlorimuron + metsulfuron at 4 g ai ha−1 each 20 days after sowing (DAS) supplemented with 1 hand-weeding (HW) 45 DAS was found to be a better weed management option as this treatment recorded the lowest density and nutrient depletion by above mentioned weeds and higher WCE, thereby improving rice yield by 3–19.5% over other studied WMs. Also, the combination of this weed management option with ZTDSR + R + SBM suppressed weeds to a greater extent, restricting weeds to deplete nutrients (N, P and K) from the soil and finally fetched the highest DSR yield.

A Review on Micropropagational and Phytochemical Aspects of Some Medicinally Important Wetland Plants

Wetlands are places where the soil is always moist. Plants that are found in areas that are always wet are called wetland plants. Sphaeranthus indicus, Eclipta alba and Scoparia dulcis all are wetland plants. The background of this study is to understand the different types of phytochemicals present in these three wetland plants and micropropagation methods using different types of explants. The bioactive constituents contained in these three wetland plants and micropropagation methods using various types of explants were learned from the previous articles. Phytochemicals such as sesquiterpene lactones, eudesmanolides, and flavonoids have been isolated from the plant Sphaeranthus indicus. Eclipta alba has yielded a diverse set of chemical compounds, including coumestans, alkaloids, thiopenes, saponins, quinines, flavonoids, polyacetylenes, triterpenes and their glycosides. The main bioactive compounds contained in the plant Scoparia dulcis are flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins and terpenoids. Micropropagation using different types of explants has been done very successfully for these three wetland plants. Phytochemicals mainly contained in these plants are alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, coumestan. Explants used for micropropagation are leaf, shoot tip, nodal segments, apical buds, axillary buds and seeds. The main conclusion of this study is that all these plants have many medicinal properties that are yet to be discovered. All of which should be exposed to the latest technologies available in the field. However, the extent to which plant tissue culture can be used in these plants is also a possibility that should be considered.

Potential Use of Some Indonesian Plants to Inhibits Angiotensin-converting Enzyme In Vitro

BACKGROUND: Some Indonesian plants, such as Vaccinium varingiaefolium Miq., Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br., Syzygium myrtifolium Walp., and Eclipta prostrata (L.) L., are rich of flavonoid and anthocyanin. Flavonoid, flavan-3-ol, quercetin, anthocyanin, and tannin compounds can reduce systemic vascular resistance because they cause vasodilation and are thought to be able to influence the function of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and inhibit ACE activity, which plays an important role in the process of hypertension. AIM: This study aims to determine the potential of some Indonesian plants to inhibit ACE activity. METHODS: Testing of ACE inhibitory activity is carried out by the hippuric acid compounds formed as a result of the reaction between the substrate and the enzyme, then measured spectrophotometrically. The inhibitory and IC50 values of each test sample were compared with the positive control of Captopril. RESULTS: The four plant extracts contained secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, quinones, steroids, triterpenoids, and essential oils. Ethanol extract of V. varingiaefolium Miq., P. scutellarioides (L.) R.Br., S. myrtifolium Walp., and E. prostrata (L.) L. each had an IC50 value of ACE inhibition activity of 131.4 ppm, 206. 7 ppm, 151.2 ppm, and 196.0 ppm. The IC50 value of the Captopril with inhibition of ACE activity is 11.1 ppm. CONCLUSION: This study shows that some Indonesian plants have the activity to inhibit the ACE and potential antihypertensive drug candidates with ACE inhibitory activity.

Prescription patterns of herbal medicines at a Brazilian Living Pharmacy: The Farmácia da Natureza experience, 2013–2019

IntroductionHerbal medicines are an important part of healthcare worldwide. In Brazil, the national authorities issued the concept of “living pharmacies”, that produce and offer herbal medicines in the Brazilian unified public health system. Farmácia da Natureza (Nature’s Pharmacy) is a living pharmacy and a single, not-for-profit institution that integrates traditional and scientific knowledge on medicinal plants, along with the preservation of Brazilian biodiversity, with benefits to the health of the population that uses herbal drugs. A six-year experience of medical prescription of herbal medicines at Farmácia da Natureza is reported MethodsA retrospective, descriptive analysis of data on medical prescriptions of herbal medicines was conducted (September 2013 to December 2019) retrieved from a computerized database. ResultsA total of 47,418 prescription items for 4739 patients were analyzed. The most frequent pharmaceutical forms were tinctures (39.6%); capsules containing powdered plant material (20.7%); creams, ointments, or gels (12.3%); and aqueous extracts (11.7%). The five most frequently prescribed single-constituent herbal medicines were: Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae); Valeriana officinalis L. (Caprifoliaceae); Aloysia polystachya (Griseb.) Moldenke (Verbenaceae); Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (Asteraceae); and Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. (Asteraceae). Nearly half of the plants were naturally occurring in Brazil, while more than 80% of the products were not present in Brazilian official documents. ConclusionAt Farmácia da Natureza, herbal medicines are usually prescribed as tinctures and capsules containing powdered plant material, but other pharmaceutical forms are also prescribed. Half of the plants are of Brazilian origin and almost all preparations are galenic formulations.

Procoagulant substances and mechanisms of hemostatic herb Eclipta alba

Eclipta alba, as one of the traditional Chinese hemostatic herbs, is often used to treat hemorrhagic diseases. However, the procoagulant components and mechanisms of the herbs are still unknown. In the present study, mixed solvents and macroreticular resin were used to obtain procoagulant extract (PE). The main procoagulant compounds in the extract were further isolated and identified as luteolin 7-sulfate and eclalbasaponin I. Sulfated flavonoids were synthesized by tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate using dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as the medium. Both PE and sulfated flavonoids could agglutinate erythrocytes and flocculate fibrinogen independent of plasma in a dose-dependent manner. Eclalbasaponin I could only agglutinate erythrocytes. PE and sulfated flavonoids could shrink subcutaneous capillaries. Acid condition could promote the procoagulant activity (PA) of PE, eclalbasaponin I, and sulfated flavonoids significantly. PE and sulfated flavonoids exhibited much higher solubilities than Yunnan Baiyao powder, and showed tremendous potential application values in developing hemostatic drugs of treating gastrorrhagia and trauma.

In Silico and In Vitro Screening Constituents of Eclipta alba Leaf Extract to Reveal Antimicrobial Potential.

Phytochemicals have been shown to possess multiple bioactives and have been reported to showcase many medicinal effects. A similar kind of evaluation of phytoconstituents for their antimicrobial action has been reported, based on in vitro and in silico data. The goal of the research was to explore bioactive phytoconstituents of Eclipta alba leaf for antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity was validated by both molecular docking and antimicrobial assay. Bioactive metabolites were identified using GC-MS. The antimicrobial and antimycobacterial activity of Eclipta alba leaves was investigated using the Kirby–Bauer well diffusion method and the rapid culture—MGIT™ DST method against a variety of human pathogens, as well as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin. Eclipta alba's GC-MS studies confirmed the detection of 17 bioactive constituents. The extract demonstrates the highest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (sensitive), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (sensitive) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptible and MRSA (sensitive) with zone of inhibition of 27 mm, 24 mm, and 32 mm respectively. The extract showed no effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin in antimycobacterial activity testing. Molecular docking investigation revealed that three compounds (phthalic acid, isobutyl octadecyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, 1(hydroxymethyl)1,2-ethanediylester, and 2,myristynoyl pantetheine) have generated the best results in terms of binding energies and significant interactions with key residues of target protein 3-hydroxydecanoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase (FabA) and confirm its activity as antimicrobial inhibitors. These two-dimensional plots show significant protein-ligand binding interactions (van der Waals interactions, hydrogen bond, alkyl, and Pi-alkyl interactions). ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) results additionally support the drug-likeness characteristics of concluded potential compounds. The experimental and computational results demonstrated that methanolic extract of Eclipta alba leaves had antimicrobial effects for specific infections due to the presence of phytochemical compounds.

Allelopathic Interference of Weeds on Rice Germination

In an in vitro study, effect of different weed leaf leachates on average seed germination and root length intwo varieties of rice, viz., Nati Mansuri and Sonam was estimated at different leachate concentrations. Theselected 12weed species included Caesuliaaxillaris, Chenopodium album, Commelinabenghalensis, Cyperusdifformis, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus squarrosus, Echinochloa crus-galli, Eclipta alba, Lathyrus aphaca, Melilotusindica, Parthenium hysterophorus and Panicum frumentaceae. The leaf leachates of nearly all the test weedswere found to have inhibitory effects on percent germination, shoot length and root length of both the testcultivars of rice at different concentrations. The inhibitory response was found to be positively correlatedwith the leachate concentration and in most cases of test cultivar-weed interactions, statistically significantdecrease in percent germination, shoot length and root length was observed at 15% treatment level in alltreatments.

First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Podosphaera xanthii on Sigesbeckia orientalis in China.

Sigesbeckia orientalis L., (St Paul's wort) is an annually grown natural herb of Asteraceae with a long therapeutic history for a wide range of inflammation-related diseases in China (Zhong et al. 2019). In June 2020, typical symptoms of powdery mildew were observed on 30% of wild S. orientalis plants grown along the roadsides and gardens in Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China. Circular to irregular white powdery fungal colonies were observed on both surfaces of the leaves and young stems, causing necrosis and premature senescence. Fungal hyphae were epigenous, flexuous to straight, branched, and septate. Appressoria on the hyphae were nipple-shaped or nearly absent. Conidiophores were straight, 30 to 210× 8 to 12 μm, and produced 3 to 7 immature conidia in chains with a crenate outline. Foot-cells were cylindrical, 45 to 75 ×10 to 12 μm, followed by 1 to 2 shorter cells. Conidia were hyaline, ellipsoid-ovoid to barrel-shaped, 25 to 38 × 18 to 23 μm with distinct fibrosin bodies. Germ tubes were produced from a lateral position on the conidia. Chasmothecia were not observed on the infected leaves. Based on anamorph characteristics, fungus was identified as Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) U. Braun & N. Shishkoff (Braun and Cook 2012). For molecular identification, total genomic DNA was extracted (Mukhtar et al. 2018) from fungal colonies on infected leaves of five collections separately. For each DNA sample, the part of LSU and ITS regions were amplified using primers LSU1/LSU2 and ITS1/ITS4 (Scholin et al. 1994; White et al. 1990), respectively. A BLAST search revealed 100 % sequences similarity with P. xanthii sequences reported on Ageratum conyzoides (KY274485), Eclipta prostrata (MT260063), Euphorbia hirta (KY388505), Sonchus asper (MN134013), and Verbena bonariensis (AB462804). Representative sequences (ITS: MZ613309; LSU: MZ614707) of an isolate were deposited in GenBank. The phylogenetic analysis also grouped the obtain sequences into P. xanthii clade. Pathogenicity was confirmed by gently pressing the infected leaves onto young leaves of five healthy one-month-old S. orientalis plants, while three non-inoculated plants were used as controls. All plants were maintained in a greenhouse at 25 ± 2°C. After, seven days, white powdery colonies were observed on inoculated plants, whereas controls remained mildew-free. On inoculated leaves, the fungus was morphologically and molecularly identical to the fungus on the original specimens. P. xanthii has been reported as a significant damaging pathogen on a wide range of plants in China (Farr and Rossman 2021). To our knowledge, this is the first report of powdery mildew caused by P. xanthii on S. orientalis in China as well as worldwide. S. orientalis is one of the most important commercial Chinese medicinal herbs and the occurrence of powdery mildew is a threat to its production, quality, and marketability.

Punicalagin: a monomer with anti-Eimeria tenella effect from fruit peel of Punica granatum L.

Poultry production was long plagued by coccidiosis, and the development of alternative therapies will make practical sense. In this work, 2 battery experiments were designed. In battery experiment 1, the best effect of 7 anticoccidial herbs (Sophora japonica Linn, Citrus aurantium L, leaf of Acer palmatum, bark of Magnolia officinalis, fruit peel of Punica granatum L., Eclipta prostrata L., and Piper sarmentosum Roxb.) against Eimeria tenella infection of 21-day-old male Chinese Guangxi yellow-feathered chickens were screened out by clinic indexes (bloody feces scores, cecal lesion scores, oocysts output, relative weight gain rate, and survival rate). According to the results from battery experiment 1 and other literature research, we selected 2 monomers which were extracted from fruit peel of Punica granatum L. for further battery experiment 2 which were similar with battery experiment 1. Clinic results showed that Punicalagin had better anticoccidial effect than Ellagic acid. The anticoccidial mechanism exploration results of Elisa, antioxidant test, and pathological observation showed that Punicalagin reduced the cecal inflammation, improved the expression of immunoglobulin in cecal tissue, improved cecal integrity, and restored its REDOX state. Results of 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that Punicalagin also maintained the fecal flora health during E. tenella infection through insignificantly increasing the proportion of Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium as well as significantly reducing the proportion of pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia–Shigella. RNA-Seq analysis results suggested that Punicalagin may play a role in controlling E. tenella infection by interaction with cytochrome P450 family enzymes. Overall, Punicalagin has promising potential as an alternative therapy for chicken Eimeria tenella infection.

Wedelolactone facilitates the early development of parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting autophagy.

Wedelolactone (WDL) is a coumaryl ether compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant, Eclipta prostrata L. It is a natural polyphenol that exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-free radical, and antioxidant activities in the bone, brain, and ovary. However, its effect on embryonic development remains unknown. The present study explored the influence of WDL supplementation of porcine oocytes culture in vitro on embryonic development and the underlying mechanisms and its effect on the levels of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Keap1/Nrf2/ARE). The results showed that WDL (2.5 nM) significantly increased the blastocyst formation rate, mitochondrial activity, and proliferation ability while reducing the reactive oxygen species accumulation, apoptosis, and autophagy. These findings suggested that WDL can enhance the growth and development of early porcine embryos to alleviate oxidative stress and autophagy through regulating NRF2 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (MAP1LC3) gene expression levels.

Hepatoprotective effect of combined extracts of Andrographis paniculata, Boerhavia diffusa, Eclipta alba and Picrorhiza kurroa on carbon tetrachloride and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Extracts obtained from Andrographis paniculata, Boerhavia diffusa, Eclipta alba and Picrorhiza kurroa were mixed in an equal ratio and the combined extract was evaluated for the hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride and paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The hepatotoxicants increased the levels of transaminases, total bilirubin, triglycerides and decreased the level of albumin in the serum of rat. Liver homogenate of the rats showed an increase in the lipid peroxidation level and reduction in the levels of glutathione. The rats administered with the combined extract reversed the biochemical parameters reflecting the liver function. The combined extract showed significant (P < 0.05) dose dependent hepatoprotective activity against the toxicants as it was evident from the values of biochemical parameters when compared to silymarin administered animals. The results showed that the recovery exhibited by the combined extract at 400 mg/kg dose level was highest among other doses tested and was well comparable to silymarin treated rats.

Biosynthetic studies through feeding experiments in Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. hairy roots.

Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. is a medicinal plant of the Asteraceae family, and several extracts and isolated compounds of E. prostrata (L.) L. showed a wide range of biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, hair growth promoting activities, and more recently against covid-19. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. hairy roots produce wedelolactone (WL), demethylwedelolactone (DWL) and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA), and there is no data in literature regarding biosynthetic pathways are involved. To verify the biosynthetic route, feeding experiments were carried out using sodium [2-13C]acetate, [3-13C]dl-phenylalanine, and 13C-labeled compounds (WL, DWL and 3,5-diCQA) were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS). Analysis showed that the metabolic pathways operative of coumestans (WL and DWL) are derived from acetate and shikimate pathways, while that the phenylpropanoid (3,5-diCQA) biosynthesis is exclusively from shikimate pathway.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11240-022-02342-0.

Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Eclipta prostrata L.

Eclipta prostrata L. is a widely distributed medicinal plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. The plant is rich in many volatile compounds and several bioactive components that aid the potential pharmacological activity of the plant. The knowledge about the presence of such bioactive compounds in plants is important to derive the application and economic importance of such plants. The present study aims to evaluate the phytochemical profile of E. prostrata L.by the qualitative and quantitative methods. The phytochemical profiling was done by standard screening procedure, while the antimicrobial potential in the methanolic leaf extract was determined by the agar well diffusion method. The phytochemical profiling revealed that the methanolic leaf extract contains phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, and saponins. The leaf extract is also a rich source of alkaloids, phenols, carbohydrates, and reducing sugars as suggested by the quantitative analysis. The methanolic extract at its low concentration of 50mg/ml was found to be effective against the selected bacterial pathogens and among them it was highly effective against Staphylococcus aureus. But the extract lacked any antifungal potential against selected isolates, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus flavus. The study emphasizes the pharmacological importance of the selected plant by revealing its potential bioactive compound profile and its antimicrobial activity. In future, the investigation can focus on determining the phytochemical profile of the plant in other solvent systems. Isolation, purification, and application of the active constituent can be studied further. The compound profile of extracts could reveal the exact information of the metabolites present in them, which will help derive its applications. This information could help deduce the methodology to purify or concentrate the respective bioactive compound in the extract of E. prostrata L.

Ethnobotanical importance of Asteraceae plants among Tharu tribe in Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, India

Background: Uttarakhand, a hilly state of northern India is gifted with unique natural beauty, rich biodiversity and great ethnic diversity. Asteraceae is the largest dicot family in the state and its several species are utilized by Tharu tribes for their livelihood. The present study was aimed to explore and document the ethnobotanical importance of Asteraceae plants used by Tharu community. Methods: The study area was visited frequently and a total of 104 Tharu informants from 11 villages were interviewed with the help of a semi structured questionnaire. Collected plant specimens were identified and processed for herbarium in the laboratory. Ethnobotanical data were analyzed using Use value (UV) and Factor informant consensus (Fic). Results: A total of 51 plants belonging to 38 genera under 12 tribes of Asteraceae family were found to be useful among Tharu people. Most of the species (50.98%) were noted to be used for curing various diseases. They use several plants for fodder (33.33%), ornament (27.45%), veterinary medicines (9.80%), social ceremonies (5.88%), and other purposes (13.72%) too. Quantitative analysis of data shows that Tagetes erecta has the highest use value (0.9423) followed by Ageratum houstonianum (0.4615) and Eclipta prostrata (0.3653). Maximum homogeneity was recorded in constipation, earache, eye disorders, heat stroke, infertility, paralysis, fuel and food. Conclusions: The present study concludes that several Asteraceae plants have high use value and play an important role in Tharu’s daily life. The recorded precious ethnobotanical data with UV and Fic analysis will be useful to the future researchers for further phytochemical, pharmacological, conservation and other studies. Keywords: Asteraceae, Tharu, Ethnobotany, Udham Singh Nagar.

Evaluation of antibacterial activity of selected plant species from the State of Punjab, India

Objective: Evaluation of antibacterial potential of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Solanum nigrum L., Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk., Achyranthes aspera L., Sida acuta Burm.f., Justicia adhatoda L. (Syn. Adhatoda vasica Nees), Boerhavia diffusa L. and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal against human pathogenic bacteria Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Materials and Methods: Powdered form of the whole plant of each species was extracted in aqueous and ethanol solvents. The antibacterial activity experiment was performed using agar well diffusion method. A dose of 50µl, 100µl and 150µl of each extract (aqueous and ethanol) were tested. Results: Only the ethanol extracts have shown activity against test organisms. The 50µl and 100µl doses of extracts were not much effective against all the bacteria. Thus 150µl volume was selected for further study. The ethanol extract of Adhatoda vasica has yielded maximum zone of inhibition 24±1.7mm and 22±2.1mm against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. Type AA3 of A. aspera and SN3 of S. nigrum were the most effective against E. faecalis with inhibition zones 22±2.2mm and 21±2.2mm, respectively. Similarly, B. diffusa has shown maximum inhibition against P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: The present study suggests the use of ethanol extract since none of the aqueous extracts have shown activity against all the tested bacteria. The difference in activity of different plant extracts may be due to variable chemical composition of the plant species. The plant species can be selected based on the bacterial species to be investigated. Further studies can be planned to understand the bioactive molecules responsible for antibacterial activity.

Screening and evaluation of potential bioactive compounds for antibacterial activity in Indian medicinal plants of Bacopa monnieri, Eclipta alba, Aegle marmelos and Centella asiatica

The study was focused to identify and screening the potential action (antimicrobial activity) of ethanolic extract of the selected Indian medicinal plant leaves of Bacopa monnieri, Eclipta alba, Aegle marmelos, Centella asiatica against the following bacteria pathogenic isolates (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterococcus feceium , Enterobacter clocae , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and, Proteus mirabilis). Leaves of the above mentioned Indian medicinal plants were shade dried, powdered, and extracted using solvent ethanol. The potential ingredients present in these plants are associated to the bioactive components possessing antibacterial property. The analysis of antibiotic property was executed using disc diffusion method and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of the plant leaf extracts. The two methods used in this study was that in the (method-1 the, disc were dried with plant extract and in the method-2 the, disc were soaked in the plant extract). The plant leaf extracts with potential bioactive compounds were screened using wavelength scanning in the range of 200nm to 900nm by UV-VIS spectrophotometer and their characteristic peaks were detected. Among the two methods, method -1 was found to be the best antibiotic activity among the tested medicinal plants. The disc diffusion method revealed a high degree of activity against bacterial clinical isolates. The UV-VIS profile showed different peaks ranging from 270nm-740nm with different absorption. The spectral analysis of Eclipta alba, Bacopa monnieri, Aegle marmelos and Centella asiatica revealed the presence of bioactive components and were answerable for the antibiotic activity against selected pathogens. From the result Eclipta alba was observed to be the best antibiotic activity while compared to other three medicinal plants. The results confirmed that these plants extracts were potential as a source of drugs to combat infections caused by prone bacteria. Thus helps to further studies to identify functional bioactive compounds responsible for the in vivo antibacterial activity and possible mechanism of action of the extracts.

Antioxidant and Antitumor Activities of Leaf Extract of Eclipta Alba

Abstract –Medicinal plants are nature’s hidden and unexplored treasures (nature’s pharmacy) for humanity since times immemorial. The plant EcliptaAlba has many medicinal value used in the traditional Ayurvedic and Unani System.EcliptaAlba (L.) commonly known as bhringraj as well as false daisy, a species of plant in the family Asteraceae.This herb contains many bioactive components such as coumestans i.e. wedelolactone anddimethyl wedelolactone, flavonoids, stero- ids, etc. We have examined it antioxidant activity through DPPH & reducing power assay and we got in it total phenolic content, flavonoids and sterol as good antioxident agents. The antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH and reducing power assay, which was explained in terms of effective concentration EC50/IC50.

Phytochemical and pharmacology activity of Bhringraj

Plants are refered as the primary source of food, shelter and various remedial approaches. Plants are thoroughly used in treatmen of various huaman illness across the glove traditionally. Among those therapeutic herbs Eclipta Alba/ Eclipta Prostrata is renowned for high therapeutic significance in medicinal world . Eclipta Alba or Eclipta Prostrata, commonly referred to as Bhringeria, belonging to the family of Sunflower (Asteraceae). It’s found in all over the map specially in subtropical and tropical region. Standardization of the herbs was performed based on different physiochemical parameters and revealed the values were within the prescribed limits. The entire plant together with flowers, leaves, stems, seeds are large used for the treatment of assorted diseases. Eclipta alba is widely used as antioxidant, analgesic, anticancer, anti hyperglycaemic, anti-myotoxic and immuno modulatory. It also emphasizes the compounds or chemicals extracted from the plant parts and their properties with a short pharmacological profile. Though some of the properties of Bhringraj have been explored for pharmacological benefits, there is still a long way to go for its full potential to be exploited for human welfare. A wide range of chemical components are extracted.

Identification of phytochemicals from Eclipta alba and assess their potentiality against Hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein: virtual screening, docking, and molecular dynamics simulation study

Hepatitis C virus has a major role in spreading chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Factors such as high costs, pharmacological side effects, and the development of drug resistance strains require the development of new and potentially effective antiviral to treat the various stages of Hepatitis C. Bioactive chemicals have been extracted from medicinal plants and are utilized by humans for the goal of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The goal of this work is to recognize phytochemicals from Eclipta alba and assess their potentiality activity against the hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein using in silico approaches. Phytochemicals from Eclipta alba were virtually screened by Auto dock raccoon and 12 compounds were selected for molecular docking to probe the active binding site. The top two compounds based on the binding score like ecliptalbine and oleanolic acid with HCV E2 glycoprotein exhibit binding energy −8.88 and −8.02 kcal/mol, respectively. The chemicals' usefulness was reinforced by positive pharmacokinetic data. The phytocompounds were identified as potent HCV inhibitors based on the drug likeness and ADMET properties. Both ecliptalbine and oleanolic acid underwent molecular dynamics simulations to determine features such as RMSD, RMSF, SASA, hydrogen-bond number, and MM-PBSA-based binding free energy. From the molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation study revealed that oleanolic acid obtained from Eclipta alba can be used as inhibitors against Hepatitis C. The identified inhibitor from our study will be study in vitro and in vivo studies to check their efficacy against Hepatitis C. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Phytochemical analysis and Antibacterial activity of Eclipta Prostrata found in Chhattisgarh region

Abstract: Eclipta prostrata (bhringraj) widely known for its hair growth effects also have medicinal properties. Being one of the tribal state, herbal plants had been used by locals as well as tribals of Chhattisgarh. Present study focus on the study of phytochemicals and antibacterial property of Eclipta prostrata so as to amplify the knowledge of its medicinal properties which might be useful in further research. Results revealed the presence of active phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, proteins, phenols, tannins, saponins and glycosides in the plant. TLC analysis showed the presence of important phytosterol: stigmasterol . Methanolic extract of plant showed antibacterial property against E coli, Bacillus s and streptococcus which indicates that the plant might show assuring results in the field of antibiotics. Above data might also help to spread awareness among the tribal people of Chhattisgarh about the medicinal values of Eclipta prostrata. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Hot Percolation Method, phytochemical analysis, Sterols, Local tribes