East Nusa Tenggara Research Articles

Penerapan Pembelajaran Bilingual pada Anak Usia Dini di Desa Kabuna Haliwen Atambua, Nusa Tenggara Timur

In general, people in the world today have bilingualism to communicate. Without language, a person will not be able to communicate with others. So this language skill must be developed since children are at an early age. Language development begins in infancy and relies on its role in experience, mastery and language growth. Children learn language since infancy where before learning to speak they communicate through crying, smiling and body movements. Learning language is very crucial at the age of before six years. Therefore, early childhood education is a very important vehicle in developing children's language so that this condition can facilitate the development of language skills in early childhood. This study aims to identify the application of bilingual learning in early childhood in the village of Kabuna Haliwen Atambua, East Nusa Tenggara. The design of this study is quantitative with a pre and post control approach. 12 early childhood children in Kabuna Haliwen Atambua Village, East Nusa Tenggara. The largest number of early childhood children is 6 years old, 5 people, 3 people, and 4 years old. gender is male, 7 people and female, 5 people. The Implementation of Bilingual Learning in Early Childhood has increased by 37% from an average of 60% to 97%. The implementation of bilingual learning in early childhood is very important to be implemented in everyday life. Implement the Implementation of Bilingual Learning through simulation activities. Become evidence in the development of English language science, especially in improving the Implementation of Bilingual Learning in Early Childhood.

Analysis of Economic Growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province Using Spatial Regression Model

This research aims to examine the significant factors influencing economic growth in the East Nusa Tenggara Province. The estimation is carried out through a spatial regression model approach. The research variables were selected based on the economic growth model proposed by Mankiw-Romer-Weil, namely Gross Regional Domestic Product at constant prices (Y), Labor ( X1), Electricity Consumption (X2 ), Regional Original Income (X3 ), Capital Expenditure ( X4), and Schooling Duration (X5 ). The research data consists of secondary data from the year 2022 in 22 regencies/cities obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of East Nusa Tenggara Province. Modeling with the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression method resulted in three significant independent variables at α=5%: local revenue, capital expenditure, and average years of schooling. Based on diagnostic tests, there was spatial dependence in lag and error, leading to the use of Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR) and Spatial Error Model (SEM) for spatial regression. From these spatial models, the significant independent variables influencing economic growth in the 22 regencies/cities in East Nusa Tenggara were local revenue, capital expenditure, and average years of schooling. The queen contiguity weighting was used. Based on R2 and AIC criteria, the best spatial regression model was the Spatial Error Model (SEM) with the highest R2 of 0.837610 and the smallest AIC value of 393.03. For further research, it is recommended to consider local factors that may influence economic growth, such as the sustainability of the agricultural or tourism sector, which may vary in each region.

The influence of the workplace environment on the behavior of health workers who breastfeed in Kupang Regency

Exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Indonesia in 2022 was recorded at only 72.04%, while in East Nusa Tenggara Province it was 78.56%. In Kupang Regency in 2022, the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding will be 77.2%, which is still less than the national target indicator. Breastfeeding mothers who return to work are less likely to provide exclusive breastfeeding. How challenges can occur in efforts to provide exclusive breastfeeding, namely the environment and from the mother herself. This study aims to determine the influence of the workplace environment on the behavior of breastfeeding mothers who work as health workers. This research is quantitative research using a cross sectional approach. The sample from this research consisted of 84 respondents. In selecting samples using inclusion criteria, namely mothers who work as health workers who have babies aged 6 - 24 months in the Kupang Regency area. The research instrument used a questionnaire from January to March 2024. Data analysis used the chi square test. The results of the univariate analysis showed that the majority of workplace environments were categorized as Fair (53.6%). According to breastfeeding behavior, the majority of breastfeeding mothers chose to partially breastfeed (61.9%). According to the results of bivariate analysis, with a p value of 0.021. An unsupportive work atmosphere can influence the behavior of mothers who breastfeed exclusively. As a result, health institutions must help mothers more by providing appropriate social and physical facilities. In addition, written policies that regulate the rights of breastfeeding mothers must have clear technical instructions. All parties must be committed to creating a friendly environment for breastfeeding mothers. There is an influence of the work environment on breastfeeding behavior for health workers who breastfeed.

Analisis Kualitas Air Sumur Gali Di Kelurahan Maubeli Kota Kefamenanu Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara

The existance of dug well is important for the people of Maubeli from Kefamenanu City. The society consumed it since their adults been there. As quality as water consuming needed to be tested for sanitation and hyegene issues. The aims is to analyze dug water quality in Maubeli Village for physic parameters (temperature, odor, colour, TSS), chemistry (pH, COD, and microbiology (E.coli). Water sample from 5 locations and analized locally for temperature, odor, colour, pH and in Laboratorium Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan from East Nusa Tenggara for TSS dan COD. Data compared to Peraturan Pemerintah No. 22/2021 and Permenkes No. 2/2023. The resulst showed that the temperature for 1st dan 2nd are 250C, 3rd to 5th: 270C, there’s good for odor and colour. TSS: 2,5 mgL-1, 3,5 mgL-1, 9 mgL-1, 4 mgL-1, and 5 mgL-1. pH: (8,1), (7,9), (8,2), (7,9), and (7,6). COD: 15,16 mgL-1, 17,02 mgL-1, 9,61 mgL-1, 12,05 mgL-1, and not found E. coli for all dug wells. Base on snapshot sampling that the water quality is good to be consumed but still need to boil it.

Dynamics of Tourists' Experiences Visiting Sustainable Tourism Destinations: Issues and Cases in Sikka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province

Tourist experiences are highly dynamic when visiting sustainable tourism destinations. Their significance is the essence of the tourism product itself. Memorable experiences will make tourists feel happy, subsequently shaping the destination's image and encouraging repeat visits. This research aims to analyse tourist descriptors and typologies, tourist experiences, and formulate directions for the future development of sustainable tourism destination products. This study employs qualitative methods with a multiple case study approach and also hermeneutics in the study of tourism destinations. Findings from this research indicate that tourists visiting consist of various characteristics and are predominantly millennials and zillennials. Their visits are mostly of the allocentric and mid-centric typology, with the latter being very minimal. The experiences gained are very memorable and make tourists feel happy. However, product services need to be improved by managers as tourists still engage in minimal activity attractions. The formulation of supplementary tourism becomes a direction in the future development of spatially-based sustainable tourism destinations. The implications of this research are the development of tourism products that provide memorable experiences and happiness for allocentric tourists to shape the destination's image and also improve the local community's economy.

Hubungan Genetik, Kebiasaan Merokok, dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 pada Lansia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sikumana Tahun 2021

Diabetes mellitus is the chronic illness knows as brought on by insufficient insulin production by the pancreas. As people age and lead increasingly unhealthy lifestyle, type 2 diabetes melitus becomes more common. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in East Nusa Tenggara is 20.599 sufferers, and almost 30% of sufferers have not received health services. Diabetes mellitus at the Sikumana Health Center is in second place, with 4.214 sufferers based on the number of visits. The aims of this research how to know the association between family history, smoking behaviors, and physical activity with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly in the Sikumana Community Health Center working area in 2021. The type of research was a quantitative study with a case control design. The case population in this study were all diabetes mellitus sufferers in aged 60-80 years and were recorded in the medical records, while the control population in this study were those who were not diabetes mellitus sufferers who were recorded in the medical records and a sample consisted of 88 people and these samples was taken using simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using a chi-square statistical test. The results showed that there was a relationship between family history (p=0.009) and physical activity (p=0.001) with the incidence of diabetes mellitus in the elderly in the working area of the Sikumana Health Center, while smoking habits (p=0.483) there is no relationship with the incidence of diabetes mellitus in the elderly in the working area of the Sikumana Health Center.

Dry Land and Mountains Management Study in the Aesesa Flores River Flow Area, East Nusa Tenggara

Dry Land and Mountains Management Study in the Aesesa Flores River Flow Area, East Nusa Tenggara

Nyale: Sumba's Typical Polychaeta in Cultural and Science Studies as Authentic Science Learning Materials

One of Indonesia's local wisdom is Timba Nyale. The Timba Nyale tradition is held every year in March-April, where the people of Sumba flock to the coast while waiting for the appearance of Nyale. This research aims to understand the meaning of Timba Nyale cultural studies and analyze the importance of Science in Nyale to be used as authentic Science learning material. This research was conducted in Buku Bani Village, Ate Dalo Village, Kodi District, Southwest Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. The method used is a qualitative method using grounded theory. Data collection was done through interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study. The results showed that Nyale has a significant meaning which is a marker for the success or failure of the harvest for the people of Sumba. Nyale in the Sumba tradition also has scientific values, including the importance of preservation and maintaining the conservation of species called Nyale. Analysis of learning outcomes in Animal Anatomy and Physiology courses in one of the private universities in Sumba shows that Nyale can be studied in the practicum of animal anatomy and physiology courses.

Gambaran Hematologi Darah Pasca Vaksinasi Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) pada Ternak Babi di Kabupaten Kupang

The potential for expanding pig farming, particularly with native pigs, in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province is significant due to the predominant non-Muslim population in NTT who utilise pigs in traditional and religious ceremonies. However, the high number of pigs in Kupang Regency and conventional farming practices can elevate the likelihood of infections like Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome, known as PRRS. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), is a significant disease in the pig farming sector. The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is highly contagious within pig herds. It can spread through direct contact or contaminated aerosols. Vaccines have been used to limit the disease’s transmission, despite often being considered ineffective. This study analyses the variations in blood haematological parameters before and after PRRS immunisation, including RBC, HGB, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and WBC. Fifteen pigs were included in the sample. Sampling was conducted two times from the same pigs: before PRRS vaccination and one month post-immunization. SPSS was used for the data analysis. A statistical study using SPSS showed no significant difference in blood hematology following the PRRS vaccination.

ANALYSIS POTENTIAL PROBLEM IN PKH PROGRAM AT NTT PROVINCE USING RETROSPECTIVE APPROACH

The government in efforts to eradicate poverty, always seek concrete step’s to maximize welfare especially for poor household communities (RTM). One of the efforts being implemented is The Family Hope Program (PKH). However in implementation of this program, it often face substansial problem in implementing activities like in implementation of PKH program in Humusu Village, Insana District, North Central Timor regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This research trying to restructure the PKH work program by tracing the composition of the problem using problem tree analysis and then finding out the potential that can be use as a renewal step in implementation the PKH program with using a potential analysis with problem that have been previously justified using a retrospective approach and problem tree analysis. Total respondent in this research is 355 which consisted the RTM community including non-RTM community group who had information about implementation the PKH program in Humusu village. The result show that the concrete problem in implementating the PKH program in Humusu Village is lies in the less of distribution information via online media such a social media or similiar devices the PKH program. It’s have the implications for RTM community’s to ignorance the procedures to participate in this program and this is a concrete factor in the lack of interest to participating in this program. The result also show that there is an oportunity for the government to intensifying use the social media to massively distribute information about the realization of the PKH program in Humusu Village so that increase the significant level of effectiveness of work program and the effectiveness of objectives can be well realized in this village.

Identification of Gastropodic Diversity in Aimere Coast Region Aimere District, Ngada Regency East Nusa Tenggara

Identification of Gastropodic Diversity in Aimere Coast Region Aimere District, Ngada Regency East Nusa Tenggara

Pengaruh Kepatuhan Pada Regulasi, Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi, dan Komitmen Pimpinan Terhadap Pengelolaan Aset Tetap oleh Badan Pendapatan dan Aset Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

The aim of this research is to determine the significant influence of compliance with regulations, simultaneous use of information technology, and leadership commitment to fixed asset management in the East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Provincial Government. A quantitative approach was used in this research. Based on inferential analysis, fixed asset management is significantly influenced by leadership commitment, use of information technology, and compliance with regulations, at least in part. Meanwhile, simultaneously it shows that leadership commitment, use of information technology, and compliance with regulations have a positive and significant influence of 73.1% on fixed asset management. East Nusa Tenggara Province Regional Revenue and Assets Agency.

Pengaruh Motivasi, Kompetensi, Lingkungan Kerja dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil pada Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Agama Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

This research aims to determine the influence of motivation, competence, work environment and organizational culture which simultaneously and partially have a positive and significant effect on employee performance at the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of East Nusa Tenggara Province. The population in this study were all employees at the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of East Nusa Tenggara Province, totaling 121 people using census techniques. Data can be collected using questionnaires and documentation studies. The research results show that employee performance at the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of East Nusa Tenggara Province can be improved by increasing employee motivation, employee competency, work environment and a supportive organizational culture.

PEMANFAATAN BIOCHAR SEKAM DAN KOMPOS JERAMI PADI TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH CENDANA (Santalum album Linn.)

Sandalwood (Santalum album Linn.) is a forest wood-producing plant in East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) province that has high economic value and is an endemic species. Efforts to restored sandalwood plants in ENT have been carried out, such as development efforts by planting sandalwood from nurseries, as well as maintaining saplings that comes from natural spreading, but these efforts has not been successful enough. Giving rice husk biochar and rice straw compost in planting media can increased the availability of phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), potassium (K), sulfur (S), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg).The method used in this study is Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with a comparison of the composition of the planting media used (M0) Soil 100% Control 10 Kg, (M1) Soil 50% + 50% Biochar Rice Husk, (M2) Soil 50% + 50% Rice Straw Compost, (M3) Soil 25% + 50% Rice Husk Biochar + 25% Rice Straw Compost, (M4) Soil 25% + 25% Rice Husk Biochar + 50% Rice Straw Compost, (M5) Soil 50% + 25% Rice Husk Biochar + 25% Rice Straw Compost.The results of this study showed that the germination percentage value was 38.67% in M4 treatment. M4 treatment with a ratio of soil planting media 25% + 25% Rice Husk Biochar + 50% Rice Straw Compost, provides the highest average increase and has a very significant effects on germination, germination rate index, and germination value.

Analysis of Trouble in Dry Land Management and Hills in Ngada District, East Nusa Tenggara Indonesia

Analysis of Trouble in Dry Land Management and Hills in Ngada District, East Nusa Tenggara Indonesia

Economic Impact of African Swine Fever (ASF) Disease on Pigs in Ngada Regency East Nusa Tenggara Province

Economic Impact of African Swine Fever (ASF) Disease on Pigs in Ngada Regency East Nusa Tenggara Province

Long-term assessment of historical disturbances in the dry land ecosystems of Mutis Timau Nature Reserve, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Long-term assessment using historical satellite imagery is critical for gaining meta-information and identifying trends in land cover change. Informed policymaking about this assessment ensures forest sustainability and mitigates climate change to consider the identified trends in land cover changes and historical disturbances. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the trend of land cover change and historical disturbances in Mutis Timau Nature Reserve (CA Mutis Timau), Indonesia using the LandTrendr platform. The land cover classification is based on SNI 7645-1:2014, with a 1:50,000 scale. The data was processed using Google Earth Engine’s LandTrendr platform, which covered the vegetation index, specifically the normalized burn ratio (NBR). The results showed that the trend of land cover change in CA Mutis Timau remained stable from 1986 to 2023. These disturbance locations have low slopes and are located near neighborhoods. In specifics, the Eucalyptus forest land cover experienced the largest land cover change between 1986 and 2023, losing 945.68 ha of vegetation, or 8% of the total area of CA Mutis Timau. Over a duration of 38 years, from 1986 to 2023, the Eucalyptus forest had a cover change that turned into marble stone, barren land, grassland, and shrubs. Forest management policies, such as establishing a nature reserve area on Mount Mutis areas, had an impact on the long-term sustainability of vegetation land cover.

Implementation of Specific Nutrition Interventions to Prevent Stunting in Pregnant Women in the Oesapa Community Health Center Area East Nusa Tenggara

Policies related to stunting prevention have been in place since 2013. However, the prevalence of stunting in East Nusa Tenggara Province is still the highest in Indonesia from 2013 to 2022. One of the areas in the province where the prevalence decreased from 2021 to 2022 is Kupang City. Oesapa Community Health Centre was appointed by the Indonesian Ministry of Health as a pilot health centre representing Kupang City. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of specific nutritional interventions for handling stunting based on the variables of communication, bureaucratic structure, resources, and disposition in the target group of pregnant women which will be associated with the target achievement of specific nutritional interventions based on Presidential Regulation No 72 of 2021. The research used qualitative methods with triangulation of informants totalling 5 people, data triangulation, and triangulation of methods, namely in-depth interviews and observations. The results showed that interventions in the form of providing additional food to pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency conditions and pregnant women who consume blood supplement tablets at least 90 tablets during pregnancy have successfully reached the target. Other Community Health Centres can make the Oesapa Community Health Centre a barometer in providing health services, especially in specific nutrition interventions aimed at target groups of pregnant women so that they work together in accelerating the reduction in stunting prevalence.

Seroja Tropical Cyclon Destruction Case Study: Permanent Slope Protection Evaluation at Downstream of Rotiklot Dam Nomenclature Building, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Abstract Rotiklot Dam was one of some infrastructures which was affected by the Seroja Tropical Cyclone in East Nusa Tenggara Indonesia in April 2021. There are several landslides at the downstream of the dam that can threaten the safety of the dam, especially at the downstream of the nomenclature building. The right design of permanent slope protection must be determined in a limited time. Geotechnical investigations such as boring, resistivity survey, standard penetration test, and water pressure test were conducted in a short time. Back analysis method was carried out to find extreme soil parameters conditions. The slope protection must meet the national standard minimum safety factor or greater than 1.5. Safety factors of slope protections are evaluated by a finite element method to get the safety factor and maximum total displacements. Every stage of slope protection can give the optimal safety factor values which are required or greater than 1.5, however backfill material will give more load and decrease the safety factor value.

Grid impact analysis on wind power plant interconnection in strengthening electricity systems

The Timor system is one of the large systems in the East Nusa Tenggara region. Based on the general plan for electricity supply for 2021-2030, there is a plan to interconnect a 2x11 MW wind power plant. The addition of wind power plants will pose a considerable threat to the system due to the intermittency nature of renewable energy plants. Therefore, a comprehensive grid impact study is needed to convince network managers that adding wind farms will not cause disruptions to the system either locally or in general and is expected to strengthen the electricity system. The power flow simulation results, installing a 2x11 MW wind farm on the Timor system can improve voltage quality and reduce losses on both 70 and 150 kV systems. For transient stability, the frequency value on the Timor system still meets the grid code requirements. In addition, the simulation results of the intermittency impact of the wind power plant output show that the Timor system is still in a stable condition. The stability of the rotor angle of the existing power plant when the transient stability simulation is carried out shows that it is still in a balanced condition.