Stage Of Early Adulthood Research Articles

Neuronal expression of human amyloid-β and Tau drives global phenotypic and multi-omic changes in C. elegans.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's related diseases (ADRD) are prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and Tau neurofibrillary tangles. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegan s ( C. elegans ) serves as an invaluable model organism in diseases of old age-due to its rapid aging. Here we performed an unbiased systems analysis of a C. elegans strain expressing both Aβ and Tau proteins within neurons. We set out to determine if there was a phenotypic interaction between Aβ and Tau. In addition, we were interested in determining the temporal order of the phenotypic and multi-omic (geromic) outcomes. At an early stage of adulthood, we observed reproductive impairments and mitochondrial dysfunction consistent with disruptions in mRNA transcript abundance, protein solubility, and metabolite levels. Notably, the expression of these neurotoxic proteins exhibited a synergistic effect, leading to accelerated aging. Our findings shed light on the close relationship between normal aging and ADRD. Specifically, we demonstrate alterations to metabolic functions preceding age-related neurotoxicity, offering a resource for the development of new therapeutic strategies.

초기성인의 불안정 애착이 대인관계 유능성에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purpose of this study is to confirm the mediation effects of Perceived social support and Self-compassion when Unstable attachment of the early stages of adulthood affects Interpersonal competence. Methods A self-report online survey was conducted on 497 people in early adulthood aged 19-39 nationwide, the total of 436 data were used for analysis, except for missing responses or unfaithful responses among the data. As a scale, Unstable attachment, Avoidance attachment, Perceived social support, Self-compassion, and Interpersonal Competence were used, and the collected data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 and PROCESS Macro 3.5. Results First, Unstable attachment and Avoidance attachment were negatively correlated with Perceived social support, Self-compassion and Interpersonal Competence, Perceived social support, Self-compassion and Interpersonal Competence showed a positive correlation. Second, Unstable attachment did not have a direct effect on Interpersonal Competence, but had a complete mediating effect that had a indirect effect through Perceived social support and Self-compassion as a mediation. Avoidance attachment had a direct effect on Interpersonal Competence, and had a partial mediating effect that indirectly affects Perceived social support and Self-compassion as a mediation. Third, Unstable attachment and Avoidance attachment showed to affect Interpersonal Competence by sequentially double-mediating Perceived social support and Self-compassion. Conclusions This study is expected to help to intervene the counseling for counselee who have a difficulty in the interpersonal relationship by confirming that Perceived social support and Self-compassion were sequentially dual mediated in the process of Unstable attachment and Avoidance attachment affecting Interpersonal competence.

High Blood Pressure Is Associated With Lower Brain Volume and Cortical Thickness in Healthy Young Adults.

High blood pressure (BP) in middle-aged and older adults is associated with lower brain volume and cortical thickness assessed with structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, little evidence is available on young adults. We investigated the associations of high BP with brain volumes and cortical thickness in healthy young adults. This cross-sectional study included 1,095 young adults (54% women, 22-37 years) from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) who self-reported not having a history of hypertension or taking antihypertensive medications. Brachial systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured with a semi-automatic or manual sphygmomanometer during study visits. Structural MRI was used to measure gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume and mean cortical thickness. Associations of BP and hypertension stage with total and regional brain volumes and cortical thickness were analyzed using linear regression and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) after adjusting for age, sex, education years, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption history, zygosity, and total intracranial volume. SBP and DBP were (mean ± SD) 123.6 ± 14.2 and 76.5 ± 10.6 mm Hg, respectively, (n = 1,095). High DBP was associated with lower total GM (P = 0.012), cortical GM (P = 0.004), subcortical GM (P = 0.012), and total WM volumes (P = 0.031). High SBP and DBP were associated with lower regional cortical volume and cortical thickness. These findings suggest that high BP may have deleterious effects on brain health at the early stage of adulthood.

Living apart together in contemporary Spain: Diverse motivations across life stages

Living-apart-together (LAT) partnerships are gaining prominence in many high-income societies, prompting ongoing discussions about their significance and their role in the family formation process. This study provides a contemporary update on LAT relationships in Spain, with a specific emphasis on variations across different life stages. The study focuses on several key aspects: (1) recent trends in the prevalence of LAT relationships, (2) socio-demographic factors associated with being in a LAT relationship, (3) joint influence of both partners’ characteristics, and (4) short-term intentions to co-reside. Using data from the 2018 Spanish Fertility Survey, we employ logistic regression models to analyze the factors influencing individuals’ likelihood of being in a LAT relationship as opposed to a co-residential partnership. Our findings reveal a noticeable rise in LAT partnerships in Spain over the past two decades, except among the youngest age group. Personal motivations and socially attributed meanings of LAT relationships, however, differ depending on an individual's life stage. Among young adults, LAT partnerships largely serve as a transitional phase in the family formation process, preceding co-residence with a partner. In this early adulthood stage, unemployment and temporary work contracts – affecting any of the partners – often hinder household formation, but intentions to co-reside in the near future remain strong. In contrast, LAT partnerships in the mid-life stage often stem from a desire to maintain personal independence and are frequently linked to prior partnership and reproductive biographies.

Psychosocial Stressors Associated with Depression Among Young Adults in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.

The early stage of adulthood is a critical period of interpersonal, educational, and career development, leading to an increased risk of depression. While studies examining psychosocial stressors among depressed young adults have been conducted in developed countries, more efforts are needed to identify the risk factors in developing countries. This study aimed to identify the psychosocial stressors associated with depression among young adults in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study recruited 341 respondents aged 18 – 40 (mean age 21.7). The Beck Depression Inventory-II were used to identify the level of depression, and the psychosocial stressors were self-reported. Bivariate and multivariate analyses assessed the risk factors of depression. Results: A total of 39% of participants had severe depression. The level of depression was higher in participants who were government employee (p<.001), were living with a partner(p<.001), and had experienced being bullied (p<.05). Types ofoccupation was a significant predictor (p<.001) of levels of depression, adjusting for socio-demographic factors and other psychosocial stressors. Special attention needs to be placed on promoting mental health among people who live with a partner, have experience of being bullied and those who work in the government sectors in Indonesia.

READINESS OF GUIDANCE DESIGNATES AND ADVISERS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HOMEROOM GUIDANCE PROGRAM IN ANTIPOLO CITY, PHILIPPINES

This study aimed to determine the readiness of guidance designates and advisers in the implementation of homeroom guidance program in public elementary and secondary schools in District II, Division of Antipolo City, during the School Year 2022 - 2023. Furthermore, it sought to explore the relationship between the profile of the respondents and the readiness of guidance designates and advisers in the implementation of homeroom guidance program. And lastly, it attempted to discover the problems encountered by the respondents in the implementation of homeroom guidance program. This study used the quantitative descriptive design and was conducted in 34 different public elementary school and 14 secondary school in District II Division of Antipolo City, Rizal. The participants of this study were 48 guidance designates and advisers. The study utilized a questionnaire checklist as the main instrument, which consists of three parts. The first part focused on the profile of the respondents, the second part focused on the readiness of guidance designates and advisers in implementing the homeroom guidance program along with program implementation, administrative skills, delivery process, assessment of learner’s development, and supervision of homeroom guidance and the third part of focused on the problems encountered by the respondents in implementing the homeroom guidance program. The study found that majority of the respondents are female, in early adulthood stage, married, holding a teacher II teaching position, with master’s unit in graduate school, and with training related to homeroom guidance program. Program implementation is the central point of the guidance designates and advisers followed by delivery process, administrative skills, supervision, and assessment of learners’ development. Age is significantly correlated to the readiness of guidance designates and advisers in implementing homeroom guidance program along with supervision and assessment of learners’ development. Limited instructional materials and other teaching and learning resources, limited school facilities and equipment that promote an engaging learning environment, and adversity in addressing different learner’s needs and concerns with right interventions are some of the serious problems encountered by the guidance designates and advisers in implementing the homeroom guidance.

Angina Pectoris as a Manifestation of ALCAPA Syndrome in a 20-Year-Old Female: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

The abnormal origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is rare and potentially fatal coronary congenital disease, accounting for 0.5% of all congenital heart diseases; it is associated with poor outcomes if left untreated.ALCAPA is classified into infantile and adult forms. The prevalence of adult individuals with ALCAPA syndrome has significantly increased as a result of recent developments in non-invasive cardiac imaging.The prevalence of sudden mortality in childhood and the early stages of adulthood makes surgery the preferred treatment, and coronary reimplantation surgery is considered the surgical procedure of choice.

Stress Level In Ensuring Health Measures Compliance in Local Religious Ceremonies During COVID-19 Pandemic Among Pecalang in Bali

Background: The global covid-19 pandemic attack, especially on Bali Island, is not only causing significant loss of life but also has profoundly transformed the way of living. This situation eventually restricted the participation of Hindhus in religious ceremony activities in Bali due to strict mass gatherings measures. This study aimed to examine the stress level among pecalang (local security officers in a native administrative area in Bali) in ensuring health measures compliance in faith-based ceremonies during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: This was a quantitative-descriptive study involving 292 pecalang in Susut District, Bangli. A purposive sampling technique was employed to select eligible participants. Fourteen stress-scale statement items in Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 42) Questionnaire used to collect primary data from the participants. Data were then analyzed using a univariate analysis in SPSS version 25. Result: The majority of participants, 184 subjects (63%), were aged between 25 to 39 years (early adulthood stage). Sixty-two percent of the participants (181) graduated from senior high school. The majority of them were also working in private companies (141: 48.3%). Findings revealed that the majority of participants were experiencing a normal level of stress (180; 61.6%). Conclusion: The majority of participants perceived normal level of stress in ensuring health measures compliance in local spiritual ceremonies during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Subjective "world'image" at the stage of early adulthood: comparative analysis of conceptual models

The research purpose was to conduct a comparative analysis of conceptual models reflecting the stability and variability of the individual “world'image”; secondly, to consider various examples of interpretation of everyday social reality, incl. situations of interaction with “one’s own” and “other people’s” communication partners, in personal narratives. The research hypothesis is formulated that the personal “world'image” as a phenomenon that is both stable and changeable can be studied by referring to speech forms, incl. to metaphors and narratives about interaction with different communication partners. A comparative theoretical socio-psychological analysis of activity-based, psychosemantic and other approaches to the study of the “world'image” phenomenon is used, as well as an interpretation of the results of some empirical studies of biographical narratives. In accordance with the hypothesis put forward, it is shown that a personal “world'image”, which is both stable and changeable, can be studied by referring to speech forms: a person’s interaction with communication partners in various categories is reflected in his metaphors and narratives. The scientific novelty and originality of this article are as follows. A comparative analysis of conceptual models of the “world'image” is carried out. The author's narrative model for analyzing interaction with other people in the “world'image” at the stage of early adulthood is presented. The possibilities of narrative analysis of the subject’s ideas about other people in his “world'image” are revealed using the example of various empirical studies.

Ultrasound-driven exercise training ameliorates degeneration of ultrasonic responses in Caenorhabditis elegans

The inevitability of age-related degeneration makes research on degradation mitigation attractive to humans, while exercise is considered an effective means due to its powerful impact on life and health. Caenorhabditis elegans is a model animal with a short life cycle and is widely used in health and aging studies. In this work, ultrasonic stimuli in the form of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) were used to induce behavioral activities in worms. As the worms grew, ultrasound-elicited behavioral responses started to decrease in the early adulthood stage. However, this situation was significantly ameliorated when ultrasonic training sessions at an effective acoustic pressure of 1.1 MPa were performed four times per day for 5 or 7 days, while ultrasonic responses in trained nematodes were stronger than those in untrained ones. These results suggest that long-term ultrasonic training might positively intervene in aging-related degeneration. Besides, it was found that exercise driven by long-term ultrasonic training had insignificant effects on the lifespan of worms. A preliminary exploration of the neural mechanisms underlying the sensation of SAWs was also conducted. The results show that, apart from touch receptor neurons (TRNs), polymodal nociceptors FLP and PVD neurons may also be involved in the perception of ultrasound in C. elegans. The results of this study may inspire related studies on other animals or humans.

Teachers’ Preparedness in the Use of Information Communication Technology and School’s Licensure Passing Rate

Modern-day teaching entails the development of 21st-century skills, which include information and digital literacy, as well as technological skills. All educators face the challenge of keeping abreast of the ever-changing information communication technology and integrating available ICT facilities and tools in teaching. This study was conducted to find the correlation between the teachers’ preparedness, perception, and types of ICT facilities and tools used for instruction and the school’s licensure passing rate. Descriptive, quantitative, and correlational research designs were adopted with the modified questionnaire of Davis et al. (1989) on teachers’ preparedness and perceptions in using ICT, the Technology Acceptance Model Questionnaire (TAMQ) as the main instrument in gathering the needed data. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha and yielded indices of 0.84 and 0.99. The questionnaire was administered through Google Form to the 50 teachers in the College of Education at the University of Morong and Antipolo Campus. The study found that female-dominated teachers in the College of Education in the URS are in their early adulthood stage and have been using ICT in teaching for a decade. Most of the teachers have attended one ICT training per year, and teachers are prepared for the use of ICT. An association exists between the teachers’ assessment of available ICT facilities and tools and their perception of the use of ICT. The URS performed well in the Licensure Examination for Teachers. Other findings showed that the younger the teachers, the better their perception of the use of ICT; the younger the teachers, the higher their performance in Licensure Examination for Teachers. It can also be concluded that the more prepared the teachers are, the better their school’s performance in Licensure Examination for Teachers. Likewise, the more prepared the teachers are, the better their perception of the use of ICT in teaching and vice versa. It can also be concluded that the better the teachers’ perception of the use of ICT, the higher the performance in the Licensure Examination for Teachers. The perception of the use of ICT and the performance in the LET is differentiated by age. With this, teachers and administrators must continually support the ICT professional development to keep abreast with the current updates in technology. Preparedness, availability, and perception of the use of ICT must be considered in the school’s overall plan, which eventually translates to better school performance.

The Association between Self-Rated Health and Health Self-Management Ability of Healthcare Undergraduates: The Chain Mediating Roles of eHealth Literacy and Resistance to Peer Influence.

Health self-management is important for healthcare undergraduates who are at the late adolescent or early adulthood stage, and will play an important part in health promotion for the general population. Previous research has shown that perceived health status affects health self-management. However, few studies have uncovered the mechanism between self-rated health and health self-management among healthcare undergraduates. Based on social ecology theory and Pender's health promotion model, this study aimed to explore the associations between health self-management ability, self-rated health, eHealth literacy and resistance to peer influence of healthcare undergraduates, with a focus on identifying the mediating effects of eHealth literacy and resistance to peer influence. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 515 healthcare undergraduates in Eastern China between July and September 2021. Serial mediation analysis was performed using Haye's Model 6 PROCESS macro to examine the mediating effects. The study found that health self-management ability was significantly and positively correlated with eHealth literacy, resistance to peer influence and self-rated health. Self-rated health had a direct and positive predictive effect on health self-management, with a direct effect value of 0.654. eHealth literacy and resistance to peer influence played both an independent mediating and a chain-mediating role in the mechanism of self-rated health affecting health self-management among healthcare undergraduates, with indirect effect values of 0.085, 0.101, and 0.013, respectively. The results suggest that eHealth literacy and resistance to peer influence could be intervention targets in programs for improving these students' health self-management ability.

Stress and Coping Strategies of Teachers in Distance Teaching

This study was conducted to determine the stress and coping strategies of teachers in distance teaching in (12) public elementary school in Licab District. A total of 139 teachers served as respondents of the study. The investigation utilized the descriptive and correlational method of research. The data was collected through a questionnaire which included the teachers’ demographic profile, their stress and coping strategies in distance teaching. The researcher utilized Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Spearman’s rho as statistiscal treatment. Most teacher-respondents were categorized in the early adulthood stage, female, and have 11 years of teaching experience. Moreover, most of them have an average of 21-30 students in the class with 6-10 subject preparation for distance teaching. Respondents were always stressed, in the arising of the problems that they had encountered during distance learning. Respondents always used coping strategies such to ease the stress that they have ben through modular distance learning. Moreover, the highest educational attainment was positively correlated with coping strategies as to positive reinterpretation growth. The number of seminars/trainings attended was also positively correlated with coping strategies in terms of positive reinterpretation and growth and active coping. The results also showed a highly positive relationship between the stress and coping strategies variables such as physical and psychological stress with all the varying factors of their coping strategies towards it, like planning and emotional social support.

Borderline personality disorder and decision-making capacity

IntroductionBorderline personality disorder is characterized by a pattern in which instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image and affections prevails, and intense impulsivity present in the early stages of adulthood and with altered functionality in several contexts.ObjectivesEstablish what functions may be altered in crisis situations in borderline personality disorder.Point out what legal tools we have available in situations in which the will is altered in borderline personality disorder.Reflect on borderline personality disorder and its relationship with substance use.MethodsRegarding a clinical case with a 25-year-old patient with a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder and a history of use in a pattern of dependence (opioids, cannabis, cocaine) who is admitted to a hospital for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures secondary to pathology to which it is denied, determining the absence of the capacity to give consent. A systematic review of the existing bibliography on borderline personality disorder, substance use disorder and decision-making capacity has been carried out using as key words: borderline personality disorder decision-making capacity.ResultsThe presence of anxious symptoms, affective instability, feelings of emptiness and hopelessness as well as impulsivity can give rise to scenarios in which the decision-making capacity is impaired, being necessary to resort to legal means that allow us to prioritize the well-being of the patient.ConclusionsThe decision-making capacity can be altered in crisis situations in borderline personality disorder, having legal tools at hand that allow us to carry out actions to preserve the physical state of patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Hubungan antara Religiositas dengan Perilaku Bullying pada Pemuda Gereja di Salatiga

There is a phenomenon in Salatiga city where bullying is done by the church youth. Bullying is a repeated act of hurting others physically, verbally, or relationally. The church youth are in the early adulthood stage which is a critical period and has the potential for deviant behavior. The emergence of this problem and behavior is completely irrelevant to Christian teaching. Essentially, every church youth has been equipped with religious values. However, some still do bullying or behave negatively towards others. This study aims to determine the connection between religiosity and bullying behavior from the church youth in Salatiga. The measurement of this research uses The Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS) and Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ-R). In the study, the number of participants are 50 people according to predetermined criteria. The data is obtained by distributing an online questionnaire (Likert scale) via google form. Using Spearman's Rho Correlations to analyze the data. The result shows that there is no negative connection between religiosity and bullying behavior in the church youth in Salatiga. The correlation coefficient value is 0.055 with a significance value of 0.351 (P>0.05).

Praca i edukacja na tle zadań rozwojowych wczesnej dorosłości w obliczu czwartej rewolucji przemysłowej

The contemporary world, on the brink of the fourth industrial revolution, is characterized by instability and temporariness as well as by unprecedented technical and technological progress. Adolescents who enter the stage of adulthood are faced with complex situations resulting both from their position on the line of life and from the consequences of the changes taking place. The article presents the complex situation of people in the early adulthood stage. It results from numerous and difficult developmental tasks, including professional work. The study indicates how they can be solved with the use of properly implemented continuing vocational education.

Особенности эмоциональных состояний взрослых в ситуации длительного отсутствия романтических отношений

The article presents the results of a study devoted to qualitative and quantitative study of emotional States of men and women at the stage of early adulthood in the situation of long-term absence of romantic relationships. The connections of alarming, subdepressive states, experiences of loneliness of such subjects with their personal characteristics, meanings of creation of romantic relations in the long term are described. The specificity of the image of future romantic relationships and the image of a romantic partner is considered as a factor determining the subject's own activity in creating romantic relationships. Characterological features of the subjects most strongly experiencing depression, rejection, loneliness are described. On the basis of qualitative research (interview) the meanings of romantic relationships between adult men and women with different characterological characteristics, with different subjective perception of the long absence of romantic relationships in the dichotomy “loneliness / freedom”, with different degrees of need for intimacy are analyzed.

What Happened to Children with Avoidant Attachment? A Study of Social Relations-Based Behaviours of Avoidant Children from the Age of 3 to 19

The purpose of this study is to assess the social relationship-based behaviors of 19-year-old children who are in the early stages of adulthood and had an avoidant attachment style at age 6. Based on criterion sampling, a purposive sampling method used in qualitative research, the study group of this research was selected from children whose attachment security had been previously identified. The study was conducted with 5 girls and 5 boys with avoidant attachment styles selected from the 26 available children who participated in the 2006 study that identified the attachment patterns of 110 children. The data collection instruments of the study are the IDFSS attachment scale used in 2006 and a semi-structured interview form and a student data form used in 2019. The study concludes that children who exhibited avoidant attachment at age 6 maintained their attachment patterns. They were found to fail in perceiving academic achievement, coping with emotional problems, relationships with parents and others, and trust in others.

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Metabolic Syndrome by Age and Gender in a Spanish Working Population.

Lower socio-economic status (SES) is significantly associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence, possibly affecting women more than men, although evidence in Spain is still limited. The present cross-sectional study analyzed the association between MS and SES by age and gender among 42,146 working adults living in the Balearic Islands (Spain). Prevalence was higher in men (9.4% by ATP-III; 12.3% by IDF) than women (3.8% by ATP-III; 5.7% by IDF) and in the lower social class (7.9% by ATP-III; 10.7% by IDF) than the higher (4.1% by ATP-III; 5.9% by IDF). The SES gradient in MS prevalence was larger in women (PR 95% CI: 3.38, 2.50–4.58 by ATP-III; 3.06, 2.43–3.86 by IDF) than in men (1.23, 1.06–1.41 by ATP-III; 1.15, 1.03–1.30 by IDF) and was already evident from early adulthood, reaching the highest ratio at the late stages of middle adulthood (4.34, 1.11–16.98). Among men, it was significant during the late stages of early adulthood only (1.80, 1.19–2.73). Lower SES influenced MS prevalence in both genders, however, women seemed more affected than men. From a public health perspective, SES could be strongly associated with the burden of MS; in an effort to reduce its prevalence, public health policies should focus on gender differences in socio-economic inequality and consider women with low socio-economic resources as a priority.

Early Consumption of Cannabinoids: From Adult Neurogenesis to Behavior.

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a crucial modulatory system in which interest has been increasing, particularly regarding the regulation of behavior and neuroplasticity. The adolescent–young adulthood phase of development comprises a critical period in the maturation of the nervous system and the ECS. Neurogenesis occurs in discrete regions of the adult brain, and this process is linked to the modulation of some behaviors. Since marijuana (cannabis) is the most consumed illegal drug globally and the highest consumption rate is observed during adolescence, it is of particular importance to understand the effects of ECS modulation in these early stages of adulthood. Thus, in this article, we sought to summarize recent evidence demonstrating the role of the ECS and exogenous cannabinoid consumption in the adolescent–young adulthood period; elucidate the effects of exogenous cannabinoid consumption on adult neurogenesis; and describe some essential and adaptive behaviors, such as stress, anxiety, learning, and memory. The data summarized in this work highlight the relevance of maintaining balance in the endocannabinoid modulatory system in the early and adult stages of life. Any ECS disturbance may induce significant modifications in the genesis of new neurons and may consequently modify behavioral outcomes.