E-government In Ukraine Research Articles

Development of e-governance in Ukraine based on the concept of m-governance

Technological solutions within the concept of m-governance accelerate the provision of public services to citizens under certain conditions. The main prerequisites for efficiency are the expected perception of technology, trust in the government’s actions, the expected efficiency and quality of electronic communications. The purpose of the research is to study the trends and problems of e-governance development in Ukraine on the basis of the concept of m-governance through the assessment of the usability of the mobile application of the government “Diia” (“Action”). This study is based on the concept of m-governance, a technocentric approach to quantifying the usability of mobile applications within the digital concept of Ukraine “Country in your smartphone”. Based on a survey of 800 users, the usability of the mobile application “Diia” was assessed. The article is based on a comparison of the practice of developed and developing countries. It has been revealed no differences in the effectiveness of the integration of the concept of m-governance. The results prove the importance of usability criteria in the use of mobile applications, but there is no connection between the socio-economic characteristics of users and usability. The study proves the importance of emotional components in the integration of the concept of m-governance: trust, perception, expectations of citizens. Integration strategy and tactics are important, as digital user skills and application specifications (visibility, user control and freedom, consistency and standards, error prevention, recognition, flexibility and efficiency of use, aesthetic and minimalist design, help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors, help and documentation). Both the government and citizens are responsible for the effectiveness of technological interaction solutions. The study proves that the government should ensure the formation of confidence in the effectiveness of technology, develop a strategy, tactics of integration based on best practices. On the other hand, citizens are responsible for their own technological readiness through an objective assessment of digital skills.

Current trends in the digital transformation of public administration in Ukraine: the legal aspect

The report identifies the development of e-government in Ukraine as the main trend in the transition to digital government. It is noted that the digital transformation helps to increase the efficiency of providing administrative services to citizens and reduce their cost and generally leads to savings in the state budget. It is claimed that Ukraine is gradually bringing its current regulations in the field of digital transformation in line with European legislation in three areas. The importance of creating state institutions in Ukraine, the activities of which are aimed at the digital development of the state, is emphasized. It is proposed to supplement the principles of the state policy of digital development in Ukraine in order to overcome the negative trends that arise in the process of digital transformation of society. It is concluded that Ukraine has all the conditions for the transition of public administration to a higher technological level of development.

Comparative analysis of formation and development of electronic government in Ukraine and Estonia

The article reveals the essence of e-government and conducts comparative analysis of the formation and development of e-government in Estonia and Ukraine. The comparative analysis in this study is used to establish logical patterns that influence the formation and development of e-government, as well as to search for advantages, determine the boundaries and possibilities of using the experience of Estonia for the development of e-government in Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of ICT infrastructure, since its inconsistency with the current level of development is one of the main problems for the country, and the solution of this issue is important to increase the level of readiness for the introduction of e-government, the development of which, in turn, is one of the main factors for successful reforming and improving the country’s competitiveness. Comparative analysis of the indicators of the ICT-infrastructure of Ukraine and Estonia at the regional and global levels has been conducted. For a holistic study of the environment in which e-government is developing, an ecosystem approach is used that provides the ability to analyze both direct and indirect impacts on the ICT ecosystem and assess the consequences of environmental quality changes (digital, legal, etc.) for the development of the process under study. Based on the analysis of the possibilities of using the Estonian experience in Ukraine, an assessment of the expected effect of the implementation of the proposed measures is carried out. The main directions of the further development of e-government in Ukraine in the legal, administrative, financial, infrastructure and social spheres are identified.

Е-УРЯДУВАННЯ ЯК СЕРВІСНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОЮ СФЕРОЮ

Стаття присвячена аналізу можливості впровадження в Україні сервісно-орієнтованих інструментів державного управління. Розглянуто особливості інноваційних інструментів, в т.ч. сервісно-орієнтованих, що можуть використовуватися в державному управлінні. Зазначено, що електронне урядування є найперспективнішим з точки зору впровадження в систему державного управління соціальною сферою. 
 Констатовано, що перевагами електронного урядування є: зростання швидкості надання послуг, покращення якості обслуговування фізичних та юридичних осіб, прозорість діяльності органів влади тощо. Доведено, що якісно побудована система електронного урядування позитивно впливає на загальний хід та наслідки радикальних перетворень в українському суспільстві та сприятиме ефективному розв’язанню таких проблем як: непрозорість, неефективність, закритість, корумпованість органів влади; формування механізмів децентралізації, деконцентрації, демократичного контролю та участі громадян у розробці та реалізації державної політики; повернення довіри громадян до інститутів та публічних службовці
 Для визначення можливості впровадження технології електронного урядування у соціальній сфері проаналізовано стан розвитку інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій в Україні за період з 2010 р. по 2018 р. Результати аналізу свідчать про системні проблеми у багатьох напрямках впровадження електронного урядування в Україні. Констатовано наявність обмежуючих чинників: цифрова нерівність, рівень освіти, проблеми конфіденційності, традиції. Успішність усунення наведених перешкод безпосередньо залежить від чіткого дотримання визначених стратегічних пріоритетів розвитку держави, політико-правового становища суспільства та фінансово-економічних можливостей. Визначено, що прагнення уряду побудувати орієнтоване на інтереси людей, відкрите для всіх і спрямоване на розвиток інформаційне суспільство здатні внести суттєві корективи в процес електронного урядування та у темпи проведення реформаторських заходів.
 Доведено, що забезпечення вільного доступу до інформаційних ресурсів через розвиток телекомунікаційних систем і мереж ( особливо в малих містах і селах), підвищення рівня комп’ютерної грамотності серед населення, впровадження різного роду заохочень та проведення загальних просвітницьких кампаній з метою поступового ознайомлення громадян з інформаційно-комунікаційними технологіями надасть можливість кожній людині повною мірою реалізувати свій потенціал, сприяючи суспільному і особистому розвиткові та підвищуючи якість життя.

E-government and social media in Ukraine: global challenges for legal regulations

The present paper is focused on the major challenges to the legal regulation of e-government functioning giving the modern trend of wide application of social media in performing different e-government functions. The current developments in the field of e-government in Ukraine and its legal frameworks are used as an empirical base for the research. However, due to the global nature of social media, the challenges in question can be viewed as the global, or at least the supranational ones. The most important impact factor for reconsidering the e-government legal regulations is the need to utilize the existing social media. Hence, it erects the issue of adaptation of certain internal administrative procedures to the existing ICT solutions and way of functioning with very limited government’s abilities to influence upon them. One of the most important fields of usage of social media on e-governance is providing the transparency and the public information access. To that end different models of web-solutions and respective regulations are reviewed. Besides the separate attention is paid to the cross-border nature of social media, which becomes the issue in respect of their application by public authorities. This is gaining great importance in case of Ukraine, considering critical cyber-security threats revealed within the frameworks of conflict between Ukraine and Russia. Finally, the other challenge for national e-governments is the need to utilize mobile applications for providing administrative services, which also rises considerable security concerns due to involvement of an extensive number of stake-holders. As a result of these processes, there is a need to transform and rethink the current legal framework in order to provide proper balance between security and efficiency and economy of public services delivered via ICT.

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL SUPPORT OF ELECTRONIC GOVERNANCE AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE

The relevance of the article is that effective e-government can provide a wide range of benefits for government and governmental organizations, businesses and citizens, including increasing their efficiency by reducing costs, increasing transparency and increasing citizen participation in political life. Information and communication technologies are widely used by government agencies, but “e-government” and “e-government” involve much more than simply using electronic, digital tools, namely rethinking the mechanisms of government, its structures and processes, behavior change, relationships between participants in e-processes. governance. Properly implemented e-government allows citizens, businesses and organizations to communicate with the government more easily, quickly and at a lower cost. The purpose of the article is to study the experience of foreign countries of administrative and legal support for the formation and development of e-government and the possibilities and feasibility of its implementation in Ukraine. The article examines the experience of some foreign countries in administrative and legal support for the formation and development of e-government. Approaches to holistic and systemic thinking are described. The success of digital governance has been found to be the coherence of institutions, organizations, people, technology, data and resources to support desired change both in the public sector and beyond in order to create social values and improve the well-being of the population. It is proved that the experience of foreign countries can be useful for the development of e-government in Ukraine. It is determined that the lack of training of public administration employees for the introduction of e-government is noticeable. The digital transformation of government and its units consists not only of the ability to use information and communication technologies. The essence, first of all, is the transformation of public administration as part of the vision and strategy of national development of the country as a whole. Capacity building for the transition to e-government is fundamental.

E-government in Ukraine: current achievements, reform issues and activities of the Ministry of digital transformation of Ukraine

Over the past 10 years, Ukraine has been undergoing very active reform processes. Changes are taking place in all areas that are under state control, and the methods and means of reform are very diverse. The basis for such processes is the need to solve a large number of social, political and economic problems, including within the framework of the state direction in European integration. In addition, this is a particularly relevant issue recently, given the obvious problems in various industries and the availability of certain opportunities to solve them. The main areas of reform today concern the sphere of public administration, as one of the most important, directly related to other areas and containing a large number of problems of organization and functioning. One of the main methods that meets modern requirements is the digitalization of public administration – the introduction of digital technologies in the processes of public administration, public obedience and control. Thus, in Ukraine there was a direction of public administration, which is called “Electronic government” or “E-government”. This “innovation” is quite ambiguous, because it covers a very wide range of public relations, provides for a large number of changes, but it does not have a systematic and clear measures, according to which, the effectiveness of changes is lower than expected. In addition, new problems arose in the reform process due to the wrong approach to its implementation. At the same time, the world practice of E-uryaduvannya has a significant number of examples of successful implementation of digital technologies in the sphere of public administration. It can be argued that the correct solution would be to use the successful solutions of other States that have already completed the transition to the E-government system. So, there is a real problem that needs to be solved as quickly as possible. Keywords: E-government, Electronic governance, reform, digitalization, public administration.

Managerial Decisions in Public Management and E-Governance: A Leadership Aspect

The article examines the development of public management in the process of establishing e-democracy and e-governance in Ukraine, which will contribute to the achievement of key goals of sustainable development of the region in the 21st century, with a revolutionary breakthrough in human resources development. The main purpose of the study is to influence the formation of leadership qualities in the subjects and objects of innovative management in the context of public administration and e-democracy as a key communicative problem of e-government. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving this problem shows that the scientific discourse has not yet touched upon the sphere of e-government. The urgency of developing the human resources leadership potential is driven by the rapid progress of universal globalization, which is based primarily on marketing and innovation management in public administration. The logical sequence of the research involves the analysis of the practical achievements of the progressive countries of the world in the field of e-governance and the study of the innovative role of managers in public administration; identifying the benefits of e-democracy; generalization of the sociology of leadership in the context of information society formation and competence of public administration managers; research of elite component of public management and definition of strategic guidelines of the state policy on formation of the information society in Ukraine. The methodological basis of this research is the concepts of marketing and innovation management in public administration, e-democracy, the information society; known theories of sociology of leadership. The subject of the study is Ukrainian public management in the conditions of formation of e-government in accordance with the standards of the European Union, the course for membership in which is enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine. Accordingly, the author's vision of strategic approaches to managing organizational changes in management structures related to the implementation of modern information and communication technologies of e-governance, strategic directions of the state personnel policy for the development of leadership potential as a key factor in the success of not only managers of all management is presented. of spheres and levels, but also of civil society as a whole, as well as exploration of the further development of the theory of sociology of leadership in the context of the transformation of industrial society into information (post-industrial). The research confirms and theoretically proves that human resource development is key in innovation processes. The pragmatic results of this study should contribute to the intensification of the introduction of e-democracy and e-governance in the field of public administration, thanks to the development of leadership potential of all participants in this process, even in the architectural conditions of modern Ukraine.

Internet access through mobile devices: world experience and perspectives of development in Ukraine

The issue of the expanding access to the high-speed Internet through 4G wireless mobile network has been studied in the article. The purpose of the research was to determine the vectors for the development of Internet access through mobile devices in the world and the stage of implementation of these technologies in Ukraine by the case of Dnipropetrovsk region.The methodological basis of the study was the comparative analysis and the Foresight methodology. Documents of international organizations, open source data on the use of 3G / 4G technology by mobile network providers in the territory of Dnipropetrovsk region, expert surveys of specialists of governing bodies in the united territorial communities have been used as information sources. Speeds of mobile Internet networks in countries around the world have been reviewed by authors, paying attention to the current availability of 4G network coverage using mobile devices with the required operating frequency ranges and high requirements to network speeds. The result of the paper became the determination of relations between the spread of 3G / 4G mobile network and development of the e-governance in the studied territories. In particular, this includes the level of development and functioning of local governments’ web portals, ensuring the access of population to the public information and electronic public services. A comparative analysis of the open statistic data on Internet access through mobile devices in the EU and Ukraine has been made. The basic stages of mobile 3G, 4G and 5G generations networks implementation in Ukraine have been described. The available possibilities for mobile devices made for use on 4G networks have been presented.The research of the state of 3G / 4G network coverage in territories of 60 united territorial communities of Dnepropetrovsk region has been carried out and the data on aggregated integrated coverage indicators of 3G / 4G network have been systematized. It has been proven that the use of 3G / 4G technology creates opportunities for the digital inequality’s overcoming and further development of the e-governance in Ukraine. A number of concrete directions of optimization of public administration bodies’ activity in this sphere have been suggested.

Implementation of E-government in Ukraine

Implementation of E-government in Ukraine

Бюджетне забезпечення цифровізації у рамках e-урядування в Україні

Бюджетне забезпечення цифровізації у рамках e-урядування в Україні

Prospects for the Implementation of the European Experience of E-Democracy and E-Government in Ukraine

Prospects for the Implementation of the European Experience of E-Democracy and E-Government in Ukraine

Budget support for digitization within the E-government in Ukraine

The paper deals with the issue of the budget financing of digitalization in Ukraine through e-governance. It was shown that it is very difficult to estimate the real volume of public expenditures on digitalization (informatization) through e-government program at all budget levels and directions, since its components (national, sectoral, regional) are being implemented by many executive bodies and local governments. According to international organizations, the public access to information on budget spending in Ukraine is limited, and transparency level is insufficient, while the level of e-governance is high. However, the interfaces of e-government and e-budgets of the central and local government bodies are not unified, and are mostly inconvenient to users. The official websites provide outdated and limited information. The lack of transparency of the budget resources using reduces the trust of the general public in governmental institutions. The organizational and institutional mechanism of budget financing of e-governance is studied based on the results of audits conducted by the authorized state bodies. It is revealed that the main contractor of the subprograms implementation of the National Informatization Program – the State Agency for E-Governance of Ukraine – has not ensured a proper level of coordination, control, and systemic and consistent action, therefore important goals of the program have not been achieved. While the goals of digitalization of public services are declared as priority in Ukraine, the level of budget financing does not correspond to them. In case of the implementation of regional programs of informatization, insufficient control of the main spending units leads to poor performance or failures in their execution. Still unsolved remains the issue of determining the sources of financial support for the basic sectors of the social sphere, in particular, regarding measures for their digitization, within the framework of regional decentralization. To deal with the above mentioned problems and challenges, it is recommended to establish a single coordinating body in the field of digitalization, including e-government, which should have ministry status and be built up on experience of countries, where similar bodies exist. The publication is prepared during the research work "Formation" of smart specialization in the economy of Ukraine" (state registration number 0117U007701).

ІННОВАЦІЇ В ІТ-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТІ: ДОПУСКИ ТА ОБМЕЖЕННЯ В ПРОЦЕСІ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ЕЛЕКТРОННОГО УРЯДУ В УКРАЇНІ

The article reveals the possibilities of information technologies to improve the functioning of public administration in the country, increase the efficiency and transparency of local authorities. Conducting researches within the framework of scientific and technological development, which are concerned opportunities to provide e-government in Ukraine, are considered in this article together with the main stages of e-government formation. It has been researched the problems of e-government potential realization from another aspect that includes technological base being an integral part for e-government system creation. It was analysed available infrastructure and technical supply needed for the full-fledged functioning of e-government such as: state of the Internet network and its indicators, the technical infrastructure, human resources for the e-government implementation. It was revealed tendencies related to the technological reinforcement of the e-government activity and to the current challenges faced by supporters of virtual government. Determined and analysed many factors influencing on e-government implementation. In particular, substantiated the necessity of e-government system implementation in Ukraine in order to improve the service provision by government to the citizens. The article deals with the modern government imperfection and state of information and telecommunication technologies in the context of public administration. Highlighted the problem of information security and cybercrime. In order to research it has been used the experience of foreign countries that has already been applying e-government as a service for remote interaction (South Korea, Estonia), and tools they use to provide secure data exchange between citizens and the e-government. It was outlined the ways how to solve problems appearing in process of electronic system implementation, for example: layoffs, uneven implementation of e-government, etc. It was determined particularities and perspectives of e-government implementation in Ukraine. To traverse possible negative consequences in case of e-government provision there were developed some recommendations.

Електронне урядування: поняття, сутність, принципи та напрями розвитку

Досліджено нормативно-правові засади розвитку електронного урядування вУкраїні. Проаналізовано сутність, особливості та переваги функціонування технологій електронного урядування. Визначено сучасний стан електронного урядування в Україні, відповідність законодавства України завданням розвитку електронного урядування.

Informational and Communicative Support of the Activities of the President of Ukraine

Since Ukraine gained independence, the level of trust between citizens and government has undergone dramatic changes. The determination of citizens to become the driving force of social change is increasingly beginning to emerge. The growth of the knowledge economy, the empowerment of people through social media and the emergence of transnational civic networks have made the public more and more a powerful participant in solving state domestic and foreign affairs. For today, the process of improving the organizational and legal mechanisms of state-civil communication has not found a proper solution and still remains relevant for Ukraine. The purpose of the paper is to explore the essence of information and communication support for the activities of the President of Ukraine. The theoretical and methodological background of the article was the following general scientific and special methods: systematic approach and semantic analysis. The result of the study is suggestions for resolution of the main problems of introduction of electronic governance in the system of public administration and proposing the main ways to overcome the problems of e-government in Ukraine.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITALIZATION AS A FACTOR OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION

The research is aimed at studying the impact of digitalization on changing the structure of the public administration system, explaining the principles of forming a digital mechanism of public administration, and determining the directions of interaction between public authorities and the population in electronic format. The research methodology was based on the use of the generalization method, comparative analysis, and aggregation of types of public administration digital transformation. The results of the survey were: highlighting the principles of forming a digital mechanism of public administration, identifying signs of interaction between public authorities and the population in electronic format, as well as determining the conditions for the further digital transformation of public authorities. Determining the principles of forming a digital mechanism for public administration and disclosing their content is an element of the scientific novelty of the research given that it allows developing strategic directions for creating a system of electronic interaction between the authorities and citizens on the basis of the described principles. The practical significance of the obtained research results is to bring certain theoretical regulations to the level of their practical application. In particular, the identification of signs of interaction between state authorities, local self- government bodies, the population, and NGOs in electronic format allows monitoring the formation of e-governance in Ukraine and other countries. It is noted that in the near future a number of transformations in the construction of digital public administration should be implemented, in particular: consolidation of public and business storage with the expansion of information exchange between them; expanding the possibilities of using broadband Internet tools to provide public services in electronic format; duplication of documents on paper media to ensure information security, despite the increase in the volume of electronic communications. These trends allow us to affirm the prospects for further research in the direction of developing a model of electronic interaction between public authorities and the population.

THE REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONAL MONITORING OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND UKRAINIAN REALITIES.

The article includes analysis and generalizations about international and national experience as well as regulatory requirements for the organization and performance of occupational monitoring for radiation exposure (category A personnel), filling of the national dose registries. It is shown that for practical reasons it is justifiable to provide universal individual monitoring of category A personnel, regardless of the expected dose of radiation. The establish ment and functioning the national dose registry should not be limited to the mechanical collection and accumulation of data of non-guaranteed quality. Instead, both a quality management program and a scientific and methodological center should become components of the dose monitoring and registration system ensuring the quality and reliability of data on occupational exposure doses. Besides the dose records, the data sets should include information about methods used, work conditions, employees' health status. Information exchange infrastructure and data protection policies should be built in accordance with national approaches under the auspices of the State Agency for E-Governance in Ukraine.

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕХАНІЗМІВ Е-УРЯДУВАННЯ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ

The necessity of research of fundamental bases of formation of e-government in Ukraine in the conditions of digital transformation and informatization of a society is substantiated. The aim of the study is to determine the conceptual foundations of the formation and development of the mechanism of e-government in Ukraine in the context of digital transformation. The factors of influence and goals of e-government are generalized. The peculiarities of e- government as a set of tactics and actions of the government (openness of government, temporal and spatial independence, focus on consumer needs, reducing the level of bureaucratization in the provision of services, etc.) are identified. The stages of formation of mechanisms-e-government in the world and key legislative acts in the normative-legal provision of Ukraine concerning formation of mechanisms of e-government are investigated. E-government in Ukraine is systematically developing in accordance with the regulations of the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Based on the analysis of the regulatory framework, the shortcomings of the existing regulatory framework for e-government in Ukraine are highlighted: fragmentation, incompleteness, vagueness, vagueness, inconsistency, inconsistency of some documents and opacity of procedures, non- adaptation to international acts, low quality of preparation of regulations ( acts are developed without a thorough analysis of the problem, without taking into account the risks of their implementation; without analysis of interaction with other acts), low quality of socio-economic and legal expertise, lack of public discussion. It is proved that a prerequisite for quality governance and further development of democracy in Ukraine is the introduction of legal procedures and practices of public involvement in public law decisions at the level of public authorities and local governments in the field of e-government. It is determined that the system of normative-legal documents should correspond to the dynamics of development, emergence of new and modernization of existing documents, establishment of new connections and priorities between them.

AN ELECTRONIC CONTROL – THE TOOL OF DEMOCRATIZATION OF STATE ADMINISTRATION

In the paper carried out the analysis of e-government as a means of interactive and communicative interaction of public authorities and the public allowed to identify it as a self-organizational tools for effective public-management decisions, to ensure transparency mechanisms for monitoring their implementation. Analyzed the history of creation and international documents that contain recommendations, the requirements for States parties that intend to build or develop at an effective information society. It is shown that the rate of introduction of E-governance in Ukraine is considerably lagging behind the leading countries of the world.