Dynamic Strain Research Articles

Dynamic Behavior of Ribbed Viscoelastic CNT‐PDMS Thin‐Films for Multifunctional Applications

AbstractTailored ribbing structures are obtained by large‐scale rolling in polymer PDMS thin‐films by adding carbon nanotubes (CNT) inclusions, which significantly improved the mechanical behavior of systems subjected to dynamic compressive strain rates. A nonlinear explicit dynamic three‐dimensional finite‐element (FE) scheme is used to understand and predict the thermomechanical response of the manufactured ribbed thin‐film structures subjected to dynamic in‐plane compressive loading. Representative volume element (RVE) FE models of the ribbed thin‐films are subjected to strain rates as high as 104 s−1 in both the transverse and parallel ribbing directions. Latin Hypercube Sampling of the microstructural parameters, as informed from experimental observations, provide the microstructurally based RVEs. An interior‐point optimization routine is also employed on a regression model trained from the FE predictions that can be used to design ribbed materials for multifunctional applications. The model verifies that damage can be mitigated in CNT‐PDMS systems subjected to dynamic compressive loading conditions by controlling the ribbing microstructural characteristics, such as the film thickness and the ribbing amplitude and wavelength. This approach provides a framework for designing materials that can be utilized for applications that require high strain rate damage tolerance, drag reduction, antifouling, and superhydrophobicity.

Multiple impact resistance and microstructure of hybrid fiber-reinforced fly ash/slag-based geopolymers after exposure to elevated temperatures

Engineered geopolymer composites (EGC) have garnered significant attention from researchers as a new environmentally friendly building material with superior tensile properties, impact resistance, and high-temperature resistance. This study focuses on the investigation of the dynamic mechanical properties of a hybrid fiber reinforced lightweight EGC containing ceramsite (LW-EGC) after exposure to elevated temperatures and multiple impacts. The effects of temperature, steel fiber content, and ceramsite types were taken into consideration. The analysis encompassed multiple impact stress-strain curves, dynamic peak stress and strain evolution, energy absorption, damage evolution, damage morphology, and microstructure changes following exposure to elevated temperatures. The experimental results revealed a significant decrease in the number of impacts endured by LW-EGC-M as the temperature increased. After 200 °C, the LW-EGC-M experienced 15 impacts, while after 800 °C, it only endured 2 impacts. Both cumulative energy absorption and cumulative damage of LW-EGC exhibited an exponential growth pattern with an increasing number of impacts. Microstructural analysis unveiled the emergence of a new nepheline phase after exposure to elevated temperatures, while the calcite in the matrix demonstrated gradual decomposition. Moreover, elevated temperatures led to a decreased Si/Al ratio in the matrix. The complete melting of PVA fibers after exposure to elevated temperatures resulted in the production of numerous interconnected pores in the matrix, leading to a decline in the mechanical strength of LW-EGC. This phenomenon also contributed to the reduction of internal pore pressures and the release of local vapor pressure generated by elevated temperatures.

Dynamic fracture mechanism and fragment characteristics of sandstone specimens with asymmetrical conjugate fissures under static pre-compression

This paper systematically investigates the dynamic mechanical response and fragment characteristics of sandstone with asymmetrical conjugate fissures subjected to preexisting static stress based on the split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus. The cross-fissured sandstone exhibits significant variations in mechanical behavior when exposed to higher dynamic strain rates under identical static pre-stress. The cross-fissured sandstone with a higher dynamic strain rate is characterized by a greater coupled strength under the same static pre-stress; for a given dynamic load, the highest coupled strength occurs under the static pre-stress of 60% UCS. The failure mode of the cross-fissured sandstone is predominantly governed by the dynamic strain rate, independent of static pre-stress variations considered in this investigation. At lower dynamic strain rates, the specimens typically exhibit a mixed tensile-shear failure mode, characterized by the dominance of larger fragments in the broken specimens. In contrast, under high dynamic impacts, the sandstone tends to fail in a shear-dominated manner, resulting in smaller fragments with a more uniform size distribution. Furthermore, the study explores how varying dynamic strain rates and static pre-stress influence the fragment characteristics of the cross-fissured sandstone. Higher dynamic strain rates and increased static pre-stress generally lead to smaller mean fragment sizes. This phenomenon is quantitatively described by fitting fragment size distributions using the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution, revealing a decrease in the location parameter (μ) and an increase in fractal dimension. These metrics indicate that higher dynamic strain rates and static pre-stress result in sandstone specimens breaking into smaller fragments with a more homogeneous size distribution. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of rock dynamics, with potential implications for engineering applications involving similar geological configuration under dynamic loading conditions.

Internal Short Circuit and Dynamic Response of Large-Format Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery Under Mechanical Abuse

Abstract Prismatic lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are becoming the most prevalent battery type in electric vehicles, and their mechanical safety is garnering increased attention. Understanding the mechanical response and internal short circuit (ISC) of prismatic LIBs during dynamic impact is important for enhancing the safety and reliability of electric vehicles. Thanks to the pioneer's works on the cylindrical and pouch LIB, prismatic LIB can draw on relevant experimental and numerical modeling methods. However, there is still a lack of research on the dynamic effects of prismatic LIB in various loading directions. To address this disparity, the current research utilizes quasi-static and dynamic impact experiments on prismatic LIBs as a foundation. First, the mechanical response of a sizable prismatic LIB under quasi-static conditions and the dynamic effects are examined when subjected to mechanical abuse from various loading directions. Second, an anisotropic finite element model that considers dynamic strain rates are developed, enabling it to accurately represent the mechanical response to both quasi-static and dynamic impact loads. At last, we performed an analysis of ISC occurring under dynamic loading conditions combining the experimental and simulated results. The experimental results as well as the established model can provide reference for the safe design, application, and analysis of prismatic LIBs.

Spatiotemporal determination of photoinduced strain in a Weyl semimetal.

The application of dynamic strain holds the potential to manipulate topological invariants in topological quantum materials. This study investigates dynamic structural deformation and strain modulation in the Weyl semimetal WTe2, focusing on the microscopic regions with static strain defects. The interplay of static strain fields, at local line defects, with dynamic strain induced from photo-excited coherent acoustic phonons results in the formation of local standing waves at the defect sites. The dynamic structural distortion is precisely determined utilizing ultrafast electron microscopy with nanometer spatial and gigahertz temporal resolutions. Numerical simulations are employed to interpret the experimental results and explain the mechanism for how the local strain fields are transiently modulated through light-matter interaction. This research provides the experimental foundation for investigating predicted phenomena such as the mixed axial-torsional anomaly, acoustogalvanic effect, and axial magnetoelectric effects in Weyl semimetals, and paves the road to manipulate quantum invariants through transient strain fields in quantum materials.

Integrating dynamic relaxation with inelastic deformation in metallic glasses: Theoretical insights and experimental validation

Metallic glasses (MGs), a metastable material far from equilibrium, exhibit intricate dynamic relaxation behaviors. The challenge lies in developing a model that accurately describes the dynamics and deformation mechanisms of MG. This paper introduces a model integrating dynamic relaxation with deformation behavior. Validation through dynamic mechanical analysis, stress relaxation, creep, and strain recovery tests confirm the existence of four deformation modes: elasticity, anelasticity from β relaxation, anelasticity from α relaxation at low temperatures, and viscoplasticity from α relaxation at high temperatures. The model captures all of these deformation modes. The dynamical mechanical spectrum and stress relaxation spectrum unveil dynamic features during glass to liquid transition, and a simple and effective experimental method was developed for identifying ultra-low-frequency dynamic relaxation. This work provides new perspectives on the study of relaxation dynamics in glassy states and establishes important connections between dynamic relaxation behavior and deformation mechanisms. These findings lay a theoretical and experimental foundation for the broad application of MGs.

Effect of pre-strain on dynamic mechanical properties of Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al titanium alloy

Abstract The effect of quasi-static pre-deformation on the dynamic properties of Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al titanium alloy was studied. The results revealed that as the pre-tension deformation increased, the average dynamic flow stress was slightly decreased while the dynamic uniform plastic strain and the maximum absorbed energy were improved obviously and the largest value existed when the deformation reached 6.8%. As the pre-tension deformation progressively increased, the dynamic performance exhibited a marked decline. Conversely, with the increase of the pre-compression deformation, the dynamic flow stress experienced a substantial enhancement, but the dynamic uniform plastic and the maximum absorbed energy significantly declined which showed that the pre-compression deformation did harm to the dynamic mechanical properties of Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al titanium alloy.

Simultaneously enhancing the strength and ductility of Fe–Mn–C twinning-induced plasticity steel via Cr/N alloying

The effect of Cr/N alloying on the tensile deformation behavior of Fe–Mn–C twinning-induced plasticity steel was investigated through monotonic tensile tests, X-ray diffraction, electron back-scattered diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and digital image correlation technique. The results demonstrate that the addition of Cr/N significantly enhances both the strength and ductility of Fe–18Mn-0.6C steel while dynamic strain aging (DSA) behavior weakens or even disappears. Compared with that in the Fe–18Mn-0.6C steel, more densely-spaced, thinner deformation twins were formed in the Cr/N-alloyed steel. Moreover, the Cr/N additions promote deformation twins to form over a wider strain range. This unique twinning behavior leads to a sustained high strain-hardening rate at higher strains, thereby delaying plastic instability and concurrently enhancing strength and ductility.

Investigation of Dynamic Viscoelastic Asymmetric Response of PA6 Film Based on Fractional Rheological Model.

Polyamide 6 (PA6) film as a typical viscoelastic material, satisfies the time-temperature superposition (TTS), and demonstrates obvious dynamic strain amplitude and frequency correlation under dynamic load. The investigation of the dynamic mechanical behavior of PA6 film is essential to ensure the safety of these materials in practical applications. In addition, dynamic mechanical property testing under conventional experimental conditions generally focuses on the short-term mechanical performance of materials. Therefore, the dynamic viscoelasticity of PA6 film was tested using a dynamic thermo-mechanical analyzer (DMA) in this study, and the complex modulus master curve was constructed based on time-temperature superposition (TTS) to realize the accelerated characterization of long-term mechanical properties. Furthermore, according to experimentally obtained asymmetric characteristics of the Cole-Cole diagram and the loss modulus master curve of the PA6 film, the parameter distribution of the fractional Zener model and the modified fractional Zener model were compared, and the asymmetric dynamic viscoelastic response of PA6 film under different conditions was systematically investigated using these models. The results indicate that the modified fractional Zener model can truly describe the dynamic asymmetric characteristics of PA6 film, verify the feasibility and advantages of the modified fractional rheological model, and provide some theoretical guidance for exploring the tensile rheological mechanism of PA6 film.

253MA heat-resistant stainless steel by wire arc additive manufacturing: microstructure and mechanical properties

ABSTRACT The 253MA stainless steel fabricated via wire arc additive manufacturing displays a mixed austenite and ferrite microstructure. It features many dislocations, minimal inclusions, and carbides, observed through TEM. Notably, CeO2 spherical inclusions enhance its high–temperature and oxidation resistance. Microhardness test 2 shows average values of 187.9 HV0.2 and 183.9 HV0.2 in transverse and longitudinal directions, respectively. Mechanical properties at room temperature include a yield strength of 388 MPa, a tensile strength of 681 MPa, 18.89% elongation, and 34% area reduction post–fracture. Impact toughness measured 89.7J and 133.7J in transverse and longitudinal directions, respectively. At 600°C, the steel's yield strength and tensile strength drop to 208 MPa and 412 MPa, with elongation increasing to 32.06% and area reduction to 53%. The stress–strain curve at 600°C shows serrated flow, suggesting dynamic strain ageing. SEM analysis indicates ductile fracture with larger dimples at elevated temperatures.

Dynamic response and damage of pile-geogrid composite reinforced high-speed railway subgrade under seismic actions

In this study, the dynamic response and damage mode of a pile-geogrid composite reinforced high-speed railway subgrade under seismic action were investigated based on a unidirectional shaking table test. Various seismic waves were applied to the subgrade, allowing for an analysis of acceleration, dynamic soil pressure, displacement, and strain responses. The displacement field of the subgrade was visualized using particle image velocimetry (PIV). The study shows that changes in peak ground acceleration (PGA) amplification factors become evident with height due to the presence of geogrid layers. The increase in peak ground motion causes a redistribution of dynamic soil pressures inside the subgrade. The transverse and longitudinal ribs of the geogrids provide an “anchoring effect”. The peak strain of the piles in the center is greater than that of the piles on the sides. The direction of soil particle displacement is closely related to the damage patterns observed in the subgrade. Damage begins to occur once the peak ground motion exceeds 0.4 g, characterized by collapse at the bottom of the subgrade.

Mechanical properties and strain rate effect of graphene oxide grafted carbon fiber modified concrete under dynamic impact load

In order to improve the shortcomings of carbon fiber, such as smooth surface, poor bonding with concrete matrix and easy to pull out under dynamic impact load, graphene oxide is grafted onto the surface of carbon fiber by chemical bonds to prepare graphene oxide grafted carbon fiber (CF-GO). The dynamic impact test on CF-GO modified concrete (CF-GOMC) is carried out by the split hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test system, and the mechanical properties and strain rate effect of CF-GOMC under dynamic impact loads are studied. The modification mechanism of CF-GO is analyzed by microscopic tests. The results show that compared with carbon fiber, the surface roughness and surface area of CF-GO increase and CF-GO is more suitable for bonding with concrete matrix. CF-GO can improve the mechanical properties of concrete under dynamic impact load and enhance the strain rate effect of dynamic mechanical properties indicators by preventing crack, bridging, filling and promoting hydration. With the increase of CF-GO content, the dynamic mechanical properties and strain rate sensitivity of CF-GOMC increase first and then decrease. The optimal content of CF-GO is 0.3 %. The improvement effect of CF-GO on the dynamic mechanical properties and strain rate effect of concrete is better than that of carbon fiber. The graphene oxide on the surface of CF-GO makes the interface of CF-GO/concrete matrix compact by improving the mechanical bite force of fiber/concrete matrix and promoting the formation of hydration products on the surface of fiber. The addition of CF-GO does not change the composition of cement hydration products, but promotes the crystal growth of hydration products and optimizes the pore structure of concrete.

Energy generation from friction-induced vibration of a piezoelectric beam

The primary challenge in harnessing vibration energy with piezoelectric materials is the discrepancy in frequency between the energy source and the energy generator, which lowers the efficiency of energy harvesting. To address the challenge, a piezoelectric beam under friction-induced vibration (FIV) is designed, modeled, and studied for the first time to realize the pronounced FIV contributing to energy generation by adapting the vibrations of the continuum structure to align close to its resonant frequencies. The Stribeck friction model is applied to characterize the variation of friction based on the relative sliding velocity vr between contacting objects. The analytical solution is derived to solve the dynamic responses, and transient charging simulation validated by the experiment is utilized to assess energy output. Furthermore, parameter studies are conducted based on the validated model with regard to the material properties of the beam and piezoelectric material, electrode connections of piezoelectric patches, and friction model parameters to investigate their influences on energy output. Considering the same dimensional properties, materials with low Young's modulus E and density ρ are desired for the host structure to facilitate large dynamic strain in piezoelectric materials. With an exponential decay factor C = 8, representing optimal material contact interface, pronounced higher FIV mode can be induced leading to higher output power. A root mean square charging power PeRMS of 42.4 mW and a peak instant charging power Pe − peak of 263 mW can be achieved. In the current study, the model is implemented on a beam coupled with one piezoelectric patch, which has potential applicability to non-uniform beams with various layouts of piezoelectric patches. The presented model enables efficient optimization of continuum structural design for higher piezoelectric energy generation under friction.

Influence of fissure distribution characteristics on the dynamic response of fissured Rock: Quantity and spacing

The impact test of red sandstone with different fissure distribution was carried out by Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB). The failure process of the specimen in the time dimension was captured by high-speed camera and digital image correlation (DIC). The crushing characteristics of the specimen were discussed from the fractal dimension. Furthermore, the influence of fissure distribution characteristics (quantity and spacing of fissures) on the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of fissured red sandstone was analyzed. The experimental results show that the fissure spacing is negatively correlated with the dynamic compressive strength and peak strain of specimen, while the fissure quantity is negatively correlated with the dynamic compressive strength and positively correlated with the peak strain. Cracks are categorized into five types based on the manner of their initiation and expansion. The crack initiation and propagation are jointly affected by tensile stress and shear stress, but the tensile stress is dominant. With the increase of the fissure quantity, the failure mode changes from tensile failure to tensile-shear mixed failure. The increase of fissure spacing does not change its failure mode, but the formation mode of the main crack changes. The fractal dimension increases with the increase of the fissure quantity, and decreases with the increase of the fissure spacing, i.e., the larger the fissure quantity is, the higher the degree of fragmentation is, and the larger the fissure spacing is, the lower the degree of fragmentation is. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for the study of dynamic failure mechanism of rock mass with non-persistent discontinuities.

Piezoelectric Gauge of Small Dynamic Bending Strains

Piezoelectric Gauge of Small Dynamic Bending Strains

Non-linear mechanical behaviour of thermoplastic elastomeric materials and its vulcanizate under tension/tension fatigue deformation by fourier transform rheological studies

Fourier transform (FT) rheology opens up novel frontiers in understanding non-linear mechanical behaviours of polymeric materials under sustained long-term dynamic load. The prediction of the exact point of appearance of a crack in a sample under dynamic mechanical strains of large amplitude and the fatigue analysis has been made possible to such degrees of precision, previously not possible through conventional rheological and mechanical analysis. In this work, the fatigue behaviour of a thermoplastic elastomeric material (TPE) and a thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) from thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and epichlorohydrin− ethylene oxide−allyl glycidyl ether (GECO) rubber is investigated by Fourier transform studies under oscillatory strain-controlled tensional test to understand the linear and non-linear mechanical behaviour. Fatigue analysis is performed through the fingerprint harmonics of the material’s stress response, i.e., the second and third harmonics, ( I 2/1 and I 3/1) to establish the stress nonlinearity, asymmetry, and the formation of macrocracks. Furthermore, these higher harmonics are fitted with the Neo-Hooke and Mooney-Rivlin model to fundamentally understand the mode of fatigue failure, and a close agreement between theoretical fitting and experimental outcomes is established. Strain-life curves were utilized for the thorough investigation of the fatigue behaviour of the specimens and more than 9-fold enhancement in the strain life of the TPV is observed over TPU at a strain amplitude of ∼1.05 indicating an increasing ductility. Finally, the necessity of FT rheology was further emphasised as it is observed that I 2/1 and I 3/1 harmonics are more sensitive towards fatigue response as compared to the storage modulus and the complex modulus. Henceforth, the FT rheology analysis has enabled the current study to efficiently establish the ductility of each individual specimens and for prediction of the dynamic service lifetime of the developed materials.

Stroboscopic x-ray diffraction microscopy of dynamic strain in diamond thin-film bulk acoustic resonators for quantum control of nitrogen-vacancy centers

Stroboscopic x-ray diffraction microscopy of dynamic strain in diamond thin-film bulk acoustic resonators for quantum control of nitrogen-vacancy centers

Recruitment-to-inflation ratio to assess response to PEEP during laparoscopic surgery: A physiologic study

Study objectiveDuring laparoscopic surgery, the role of PEEP to improve outcome is controversial. Mechanistically, PEEP benefits depend on the extent of alveolar recruitment, which prevents ventilator-induced lung injury by reducing lung dynamic strain. The hypotheses of this study were that pneumoperitoneum-induced aeration loss and PEEP-induced recruitment are inter-individually variable, and that the recruitment-to-inflation ratio (R/I) can identify patients who benefit from PEEP in terms of strain reduction. DesignSequential study. SettingOperating room. PatientsSeventeen ASA I-III patients receiving robot-assisted prostatectomy during Trendelenburg pneumoperitoneum. Interventions and measurementsPatients underwent end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) and respiratory/lung/chest wall mechanics (esophageal manometry and inspiratory/expiratory occlusions) assessment at PEEP = 0 cmH2O before and after pneumoperitoneum, at PEEP = 4 and 12 cmH2O during pneumoperitoneum. Pneumoperitoneum-induced derecruitment and PEEP-induced recruitment were assessed through a simplified method based on multiple pressure-volume curve. Dynamic and static strain changes were evaluated. R/I between 12 and 4 cmH2O was assessed from EELV. Inter-individual variability was rated with the ratio of standard deviation to mean (CoV). Main resultsPneumoperitoneum reduced EELV by (median [IqR]) 410 mL [80–770] (p < 0.001) and increased dynamic strain by 0.04 [0.01–0.07] (p < 0.001), with high inter-individual variability (CoV = 70% and 88%, respectively). Compared to PEEP = 4 cmH2O, PEEP = 12 cmH2O yielded variable amount of recruitment (139 mL [96–366] CoV = 101%), causing different extent of dynamic strain reduction (median decrease 0.02 [0.01–0.04], p = 0.002; CoV = 86%) and static strain increases (median increase 0.05 [0.04–0.07], p = 0.01, CoV = 33%). R/I (1.73 [0.58–3.35]) estimated the decrease in dynamic strain (p ≤0.001, r = −0.90) and the increase in static strain (p = 0.009, r = −0.73) induced by PEEP, while PEEP-induced changes in respiratory and lung mechanics did not. ConclusionsTrendelenburg pneumoperitoneum yields variable derecruitment: PEEP capability to revert these phenomena varies significantly among individuals. High R/I identifies patients in whom higher PEEP mostly reduces dynamic strain with limited static strain increases, potentially allowing individualized settings.

Investigation of the Effect of Relative Density on the Dynamic Modulus and Damping Ratio for Coarse Grained Soil

As the critical dynamic parameters for soil, an extensive examination of the dynamic elastic modulus Ed and damping ratio λ in coarse-grained soil is of significant theoretical and practical importance. Currently, there is a scarcity of experimental equipment and methods for measuring the dynamic elastic modulus and damping ratio of coarse-grained soils. Moreover, studies examining the influence of relative density on these parameters in coarse-grained soils are largely absent. To investigate the behavior of the dynamic elastic modulus and damping ratio in coarse-grained soil under varying relative densities, a number of dynamic triaxial tests were conducted on a specific coarse-grained soil using the DYNTTS type dynamic triaxial test apparatus. The findings reveal that, under various gradations, the Ed of coarse-grained soils exhibits a decreasing trend with increasing dynamic strain, a trend that intensifies with higher relative densities. Additionally, as relative density increases, the degradation rate of the dynamic shear modulus ratio Gd/Gdmax to dynamic shear strain γd curve escalates. The maximum dynamic shear modulus Gdmax rises with increasing relative density Dr, displaying a linear relationship between Gdmax and Dr. Furthermore, both the increasing rate of λ to γd curve and the maximum damping ratio λmax progressively diminish with the escalation of relative density Dr. Notably, the maximum damping ratio has a power function relationship with the relative density.

Dynamic compressive behavior of hybrid basalt-polypropylene fibers reinforced coral aggregate concrete

In this study, the effects of strain rate, fiber type, and hybrid fiber content on the dynamic mechanical properties of basalt-polypropylene fiber reinforced coral aggregate concrete (HBPRCAC) under impact loading are investigated using a split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) with a 75 mm diameter. The results demonstrated that the incorporation of basalt fiber (BF) and polypropylene fiber (PF), particularly when mixed, effectively reduced the failure of HBPRCAC. With an increase in strain rate, the failure of HBPRCAC exhibited a more severe pattern; even at low strain rates, cracks directly passed through the coral aggregate, causing damage. The failure modes of BF and PF were related to the strain rate. The probability of BF and PF being pulled out was higher at low strain rates than at high strain rates, where BF and PF predominantly exhibited snap failures. Additionally, the dynamic increase factor (DIF) of the dynamic compressive strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity for HBPRCAC demonstrated a decimal logarithmic linear increase with strain rate, while the dynamic critical strain and impact toughness of HBPRCAC exhibited a linear increase with strain rate. The mixed addition of BF and PF had varying effects on the strain rate sensitivity of HBPRCAC's dynamic mechanical properties, but the fiber mixing content was significantly positively correlated with the strain rate effects on the dynamic compressive mechanical properties of HBPRCAC. The dynamic compressive strengths of BPCAC-0.1 and BPCAC-0.2 at strain rates of 128–135 s−1 were increased by 78.66 % and 88.47 %, respectively, compared to those at strain rates of 33–36 s−1. The dynamic moduli of elasticity for BPCAC-0.1 and BPCAC-0.2 showed increases of 16.47 % and 13.06 %, respectively, compared to that of coral aggregate concrete. Moreover, the critical strain and impact toughness of BPCAC-0.2 were the highest at all tested strain rates.