Dynamic Networking Research Articles

Resource Management in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Vehicular Networks: SDN Control and AI Algorithm Design

With its potential versatility and reliability, the space-air-ground integrated vehicular network (SAGVN) is envisioned as a promising solution to deliver quality vehicular services anywhere at any time. This article proposes a software defined framework for SAGVN to achieve flexible, reliable, and scalable network resource management. First, key applications and research challenges in resource management are identified. Then we propose a hybrid and hierarchical SAGVN control architecture to balance the trade-off between system status acquisition and signaling overhead in different scenarios. Considering the dynamic networking environment with multi-dimensional resources and diverse services, it is challenging to make optimal resource management decisions in real time; thus, artificial intelligence (AI)-based engineering solutions are investigated to facilitate efficient network slicing, mobility management, and cooperative content caching and delivery. A trace-driven case study is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SAGVN framework with AI-based methods in increasing the SAGVN throughput performance.

Qualitative Analysis of Hybrid Flow Installation Mechanism in Software Defined Networks (SDN)

Software Define Networking (SDN) is a new technology and in recent years it has been developed in an amazing amount. This paper addresses Dijkstra routing algorithm for routing SDN traffic and flow installation mechanism in OvS switches. Programmable networking is the main base of SDN which helps in dynamic network management because a dynamic networking is only possible when the data and control planes are separate. In SDN the control plane resides in SDN Controller, which has the responsibility of routing the traffic and installation of flows on data plane. Whenever a flow enters into a SDN switch, flow tables are generated for those flows and installed at data plane from control plane. These flows have their own properties because of their relevant protocols which are attached to them. Dijkstra is one those protocols which provides the shortest path to the packet. A flow consists of a matching pattern, actions, and counter. Based on the respective flow, data communication takes place. This project investigates three kinds of flow installation mechanisms, reactive, proactive, hybrid and also provides an extension of Dijkstra algorithm in which Dijkstra algorithm also consider the amount of traffic on a link to avoid congestion while selecting the path for a packet. Based on these three flow installation mechanisms and improved Dijkstra algorithm we have analyzed the performance of SDN by using different performance metrics. We have used Mininet and POX controller to evaluate the performance analysis in Ubuntu and Windows-based environments. Finally, we have drawn conclusions.

IoT Adaptive Dynamic Blockchain Networking Method Based on Discrete Heartbeat Signals.

The combination of blockchain technology and Internet of Things (IoT) technology has brought many significant advantages and new development directions. With the development of embedded technology and 5G communication technology, the performance limitations and network limitations that are traditionally believed to restrict the application of blockchain technology to IoT devices have been broken. The development of “blockchain + 5G + IoT” provides reliable data from the source for the blockchain, linking the credible mapping of physical assets and digital assets. However, at the beginning of the blockchain design, the application of the IoT was not fully considered, so there have been some obvious defects in applying the blockchain technology in the IoT. In the Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) consensus algorithm of traditional blockchain, the entire blockchain network will become paralyzed when more than 1/3 of the nodes in the network are offline. However, in IoT applications, this situation is likely to occur and greatly limits the security and stability of the application of blockchain technology in the IoT. In order to solve this problem, we proposed an IoT adaptive dynamic blockchain networking method based on discrete heartbeat signals. The feature of the method is to set a different monitoring time for each group of nodes, that is, discrete heartbeat signals monitoring. When the number of nodes gradually decreases, the IoT adaptive dynamic blockchain network can dynamically adapt to this process. Even when more than 1/3 of the IoT are offline, the adaptive dynamic IoT blockchain network can maintain stable running. This method also has the advantages of a short network expectation recovery time and avoids instantaneous system paralysis caused by the thundering herd effect. This research improves the security and stability of the application of blockchain technology in the IoT, and provides the necessary technical foundation for the better combination of blockchain technology and IoT technology.

Dynamic networking of islanded regionalmulti‐microgridnetworks based on graph theory andmulti‐objectiveevolutionary optimization

Dynamic networking of islanded regional<scp>multi‐microgrid</scp>networks based on graph theory and<scp>multi‐objective</scp>evolutionary optimization

Empowering Urban Governance through Urban Science: Multi-Scale Dynamics of Urban Systems Worldwide

Cities are facing many sustainability issues in the context of the current global interdependency characterized by an economic uncertainty coupled to climate changes, which challenge their local policies aiming to better conciliate reasonable growth with livable urban environment. The urban dynamic models developed by the so-called “urban science” can provide a useful foundation for more sustainable urban policies. It implies that their proposals have been validated by correct observations of the diversity of situations in the world. However, international comparisons of the evolution of cities often produce unclear results because national territorial frameworks are not always in strict correspondence with the dynamics of urban systems. We propose to provide various compositions of systems of cities in order to better take into account the dynamic networking of cities that go beyond regional and national territorial boundaries. Different models conceived for explaining city size and urban growth distributions enable the establishing of a correspondence between urban trajectories when observed at the level of cities and systems of cities. We test the validity and representativeness of several dynamic models of complex urban systems and their variations across regions of the world, at the macroscopic scale of systems of cities. The originality of the approach resides in the way it considers spatial interaction and evolutionary path dependence as major features in the general behavior of urban entities. The models studied include diverse and complementary processes, such as economic exchanges, diffusion of innovations, and physical network flows. Complex systems dynamics is in principle unpredictable, but contextualizing it regarding demographic, income, and resource components may help in minimizing the forecasting errors. We use, among others, a new unique source correlating population and built-up footprint at world scale: the Global Human Settlement built-up areas (GHS-BU). Following the methodology and results already obtained in the European GeoDiverCity project, including USA, Europe, and BRICS countries, we complete them with this new dataset at world scale and different models. This research helps in further empirical testing of the hypotheses of the evolutionary theory of urban systems and partially revising them. We also suggest research directions towards the coupling of these models into a multi-scale model of urban growth.

Research on multi-address autonomous access technology of uav cluster data link based on priority statistics

As a uav cluster that can change the future combat situation, its data link has the requirements of high speed, low delay, dynamic networking and large network capacity. In this paper, a priority statistics based multi-address autonomous access technology for uav cluster data link is studied. Firstly, the channel load is detected and predicted by time-frequency analysis for different priority services. Then, multi-node information fusion is adopted for multi-address decision-making. Finally, the designed technology is simulated by Qualnet software. The simulation results show that the proposed multi-address autonomous access technology based on priority statistics can effectively reduce in-network channel collisions and realize low-delay transmission of high-priority services.

Design and Study UAV Data Link Terminal with One Station Controls Several Vehicles Dynamic Networking

Considering that there are UAVdynamic networking and collaborative communication requirements under complex mission planning conditions, this paper designs a UAV data link communication terminal with One Station Controls Several Vehicles dynamic networking. Firstly, this paper analyzes the structure of One Station Controls Several Vehicles dynamic networking and cooperative communication system in UAV data link, and combines the characteristics of dynamic networking and task cooperative communication to design a One Station Controls Several Vehicles dynamic networking communication protocol stack and design the structure and function of the man-machine data link, the terminal device hardware is realized by the FPGA chip. This paper focuses on digital zero-IF signal processing unit design and hardware implementation process. Finally, combined with the terminal to build an indoor test environment, this paper tests the network function and performance. The test results prove that the UAV data link terminal in One Station Controls Several Vehicles dynamic networking is effective, and it is practical.

Brain Network Dynamics Correlate with Personality Traits.

Identifying the neural substrates underlying the personality traits is a topic of great interest. On the other hand, it is now established that the brain is a dynamic networked system that can be studied by using functional connectivity techniques. However, much of the current understanding of personality-related differences in functional connectivity has been obtained through the stationary analysis, which does not capture the complex dynamical properties of brain networks. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the feasibility of using dynamic network measures to predict personality traits. Using the electro-encephalography (EEG)/magneto-encephalography (MEG) source connectivity method combined with a sliding window approach, dynamic functional brain networks were reconstructed from two datasets: (1) resting-state EEG data acquired from 56 subjects; (2) resting-state MEG data provided from the Human Connectome Project. Then, several dynamic functional connectivity metrics were evaluated. Similar observations were obtained by the two modalities (EEG and MEG) according to the neuroticism, which showed a negative correlation with the dynamic variability of resting-state brain networks. In particular, a significant relationship between this personality trait and the dynamic variability of the temporal lobe regions was observed. Results also revealed that extraversion and openness are positively correlated with the dynamics of the brain networks. These findings highlight the importance of tracking the dynamics of functional brain networks to improve our understanding about the neural substrates of personality.

Time-Evolving Social Network Generator Based on Modularity: TESNG-M

Dynamic social networking has always been the focus of the social network research, and a large number of effective community detection algorithms have been developed. However, as the real social networks are difficult to access, it is also difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of the community detection algorithms on dynamic social networks. Existing dynamic social network generators only focus on edge or node changes, whereas the quality of the community structure (modularity) is not considered. We propose a time-evolving social network generator based on modularity (TESNG-M). In TESNG-M, according to the community partition of the original network, the evolutionary behavior is simulated by adding or deleting nodes and flipping edges so that a static social network with a specified modularity will be generated. By repeating the static generation process, we obtain a dynamic social network with a specified partition and modularity at each time step. Thus, the network generated by TESNG-M can effectively simulate a real dynamic social network and be used for community detection. Furthermore, the specified modularity of static synthetic networks and the dynamic modularity of dynamic synthetic networks could be regarded as the performance baseline of community detection algorithms in static and dynamic social networks, respectively.

Business model innovation in international performance: the mediating effect of network capability

Networks and business models are two critical defining factors in the internationalisation of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Although scholars have recently suggested that business model innovation be linked to dynamic capabilities, there has been limited research interest. This study aims to do so by linking business model innovation with dynamic networking capabilities and examining their role in SME internationalisation. Using a sample of 210 internationally operating Finnish SMEs and conducting regression and mediation analysis, we find that: 1) network capability predicts business model innovation in SMEs; 2) business model innovation predicts higher international performance; 3) business model innovation mediates the relationship between network capability and international performance. The study thus contributes by establishing network capability as an antecedent of business model innovation in achieving international performance.

Business model innovation in international performance: the mediating effect of network capability

Networks and business models are two critical defining factors in the internationalisation of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Although scholars have recently suggested that business model innovation be linked to dynamic capabilities, there has been limited research interest. This study aims to do so by linking business model innovation with dynamic networking capabilities and examining their role in SME internationalisation. Using a sample of 210 internationally operating Finnish SMEs and conducting regression and mediation analysis, we find that: 1) network capability predicts business model innovation in SMEs; 2) business model innovation predicts higher international performance; 3) business model innovation mediates the relationship between network capability and international performance. The study thus contributes by establishing network capability as an antecedent of business model innovation in achieving international performance.

Multi-UAV Dynamic Wireless Networking With Deep Reinforcement Learning

This letter investigates a novel unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless communication system, where multiple UAVs transmit information to multiple ground terminals (GTs). We study how the UAVs can optimally employ their mobility to maximize the real-time downlink capacity while covering all GTs. The system capacity is characterized, by optimizing the UAV locations subject to the coverage constraint. We formula the UAV movement problem as a Constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP) problem and employ Q-learning to solve the UAV movement problem. Since the state of the UAV movement problem has large dimensions, we propose Dueling Deep Q-network (DDQN) algorithm which introduces neural networks and dueling structure into Q-learning. Simulation results demonstrate the proposed movement algorithm is able to track the movement of GTs and obtains real-time optimal capacity, subject to coverage constraint.

End-to-End Quantum Secured Inter-Domain 5G Service Orchestration Over Dynamically Switched Flex-Grid Optical Networks Enabled by a q-ROADM

Dynamic and flexible optical networking enabled by NFV and SDN are the key technology enablers for supporting the dynamicity and bandwidth requirements of emerging 5G network services. To achieve the objective of 5G, Network Services (NSes) must be often deployed transparently over multiple administrative and technological domains. Such case often presents security risks since a typical NS may comprise a chain of network functions, each executed in different remote locations, and tampering within the network infrastructure may compromise their communication. To avoid such threats, QKD has been identified and proposed as a future-proof method immune to any algorithmic cryptanalysis based on quantum-physics mechanisms. The maturity of QKD has enabled the R&D of quantum networks coexisting with optical networks using telecom equipment. This makes the QKD a suitable candidate for the security of distributed and virtualised network services. In this paper, for the first time, we propose a dynamic quantum-secured optical network for supporting network services that are dynamically created by chaining VNF over multiple network domains. This work includes a new quantum-ROADM, extensions to SDN-enabled optical control plane, and extensions to NFV orchestration to achieve quantum-aware, on-demand chaining of VNFs. The experimental results verify the capability of routing quantum and classical data channels both individually and dynamically over shared fibre links. Moreover, quantum secured chaining of VNFs in 5G networks is experimentally demonstrated via interconnecting four autonomous 5G islands simultaneously through the q-ROADM with eight optical channels using the 5GUK Exchange orchestration platform. The experimental scenarios and results confirm the benefit of the proposed data plane architecture and control/management plane framework.

Dynamic Networking by Entrepreneurs: Collaborative Efforts in Developing Opportunities and Mobilizing Resources

The Oxford Handbook of Entrepreneurship and Collaboration is a comprehensive volume that addresses the most important topics related to collaboration and connects them to unique challenges and opportunities related to entrepreneurship.

Fully Distributed Synchronization of Dynamic Networked Systems With Adaptive Nonlinear Couplings.

In this article, we consider the distributed synchronization problem of dynamic networked systems with adaptive nonlinear couplings. Based on how the information is collected, the interactions between subsystems are characterized by nonlinear relative state couplings and nonlinear absolute state couplings. In both cases, we show that the considered nonlinear interactions can be used to simulate the couplings with disturbed relative or absolute states. In order to implement the nonlinear couplings in a fully distributed fashion, adaptive control laws are proposed for the adjustment of coupling strengths between connected subsystems. It is shown that the connected network topology is sufficient to ensure the synchronization of dynamic networked systems with the proposed adaptive nonlinear coupling methods. Different from many existing works, the σ -modification technique is used to suppress the increase of the coupling strengths with an additional benefit of preventing the coupling strengths from increasing. Simulation examples are given to assess the performance of the proposed adaptive nonlinear couplings.

Questions in Smart Digital Environments

Innovations in digital technologies have catalysed significant transformations of teaching and learning. Searching static webpages has evolved into dynamic online social networking and user generated content, and more recently interaction with intelligent services. The distinguishing features are embodied in the keywords – search, social, and smart. While search engines maintain a pivotal role in the web, social media now rivals them for dominance. The current era of smart technologies, based around big data and artificial intelligence, further extends the frontier of possibilities. With transition to the ‘world of smart’ in mind, we explore ways in which the natural human ability of questioning might be scaffolded and developed. Digital environments provide diverse opportunities to construct learning in ways that bring life inside and outside school closer together. They open-up new horizons for learners to engage in a curious dialogue with experience. Yet the answer driven paradigm of ‘search’ abbreviates much of the scope for questioning embedded in the expression and growth of curiosity. In this paper, we describe a set of generic generative questions that has the potential to transform questioning in digital environments. In so doing a conceptual analysis of how learners’ questioning might be scaffolded is presented. Applicable to all areas of learning, these questions promote imaginative thinking and deep understanding on which knowledge building and creation is predicated. Question driven dialogues generate critical and creative thinking, and thereby help to enact current mandates for creativity and knowledge building. The conformity emanating from the Global Education Reform Movement is anomalous with prescriptive curriculum texts and standardized tests emphasising answers, not questions. Clever use of digital environments has the potential to catalyse a shift towards a questions-based approach to teaching and learning.

A Methodology to Alleviation of Security Attack in Software Defined Network

Computer Network is a collaboration platform for digital gadgets. Virtualization is abstracting layers from underlying Architecture. Virtualization platform provides flexibility, green resource usage and fast deployment of the carrier. Integration of Computer Network and Virtualization Platform Create Network Virtualization Platform. Software-Defined Network (SDN) Provide dynamic and scalable networking offerings to Business Environments Cloud Network and Data Centers. SDN is controlling network infrastructure with the control plane. Security is a challenging problem for the network. SDN comes with Network Programmability and automation. SDN has an advantage, but it contains a new safety issue. SDN is focused on network safety data plane and control. Security Challenges in SDN is Control Plane, Data Plane Attacks. In Controller Layer Attacker at controller Layer, an routing, visitors filtering denying, or allowing unnecessary site visitors. Control plane assault used to drop or lack of manage over traffic policy and Quality of carrier control. Data Plane Attack Attacker can create DOS Denial of Service.

Research on the dynamic networking of smart meters based on characteristics of the collected data

Research on the dynamic networking of smart meters based on characteristics of the collected data

Der intelligente HNO-Operationssaal der Zukunft

The increasing plurality and complexity of technical assistance systems pose a challenge for clinically active physicians. Particularly in the operating theater, there is a growing need to integrate medical systems and software solutions into a holistic clinical infrastructure. The primary goal of building a "digital (ENT) operating room of the future" is not just the pure technical improvement of the individual computer-aided equipment and instruments, but rather their dynamic networking and system integration in an open modular system. Promising scientific projects address the question of how to improve the quality, safety and user-friendliness of technical systems in the health care system of the 21st century. The work on SCOT, MD PnP and OR.NET show the various components that make the vision of the ENT operating room of the future tangible and realistic in the overall context.

Dynamic and Non-Centric Networking Approach Using Virtual Gateway Platforms for Low Power Wide Area Systems

To actively develop and promote Internet of Things related techniques, we propose a dynamic and non-centric networking approach using virtual gateway platforms, and evaluate it based on low-power wide-area networks that adopt the traditional star and mesh topologies. In our approach, for each local device, we first present a device management method in which two working modes are set to indicate whether the device works as a virtual gateway (VGW) or provides relay services. Then an internal parameter is defined to manage the mode by considering the device’s current states, such as battery power remaining, presence or absence of an external power supply, etc. We thereafter propose a mode switching method where two time-varying threshold values are configured and help a local device to switch between the two modes through the use of an internal parameter. Finally, a path determination algorithm is applied to find routes for data transmission with or without devices playing the role of VGWs. Computer simulation results indicate that the proposed networking approach can take advantage of both traditional star and mesh systems, enables dynamic and non-centric changes in network configurations, and finally ensures that in most cases, the transmission performance is equivalent to or better than that of other network setups.