Dynamic Monitoring Technology Research Articles

Research on Dynamic Monitoring Technology for Dengsi Gas Reservoir in Gaoshiti Moxi Block

The fourth group gas reservoir in the Moxi platform edge zone of Anyue Gas Field is a super large carbonate gas reservoir with edge and bottom water in China. There is no mature development experience in this type of gas reservoir in China, and there is a lack of a systematic dynamic monitoring system. This article focuses on the challenges and key technical issues faced by gas reservoir dynamic monitoring work. Through active exploration, continuous improvement, and innovation of dynamic monitoring technology and analysis methods, a dynamic monitoring system suitable for the four groups of gas reservoirs with lights at the edge of the Moxi platform has been constructed. Five key dynamic monitoring technologies, including pressure and temperature dynamic monitoring technology, production capacity monitoring and evaluation technology, fluid property monitoring technology, water invasion monitoring and identification technology, and well connectivity monitoring and evaluation technology, have been developed for the four gas reservoirs in the Moxi platform edge zone. Scientific and reasonable development measures have been formulated to support the preparation of the overall water control plan for the gas reservoir, It has played a role in ensuring the scientific and efficient development of large-scale edge and bottom water carbonate gas reservoirs.

Dynamic fault monitoring method for passive optical network

We experimentally studied a passive optical network dynamic fault monitoring technology based on optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR), focused on various types of network structures with optical splitter (OS) devices, and analyzed the monitoring data with different lengths of fibers in front of the OS, such as 0, 14.5, and 50 km, respectively. Different from previous studies, we found that the new characteristics of echo curve can be used to realize the identification of different fault branches. We also make a detailed analysis on the feasibility of OTDR for multi-branch monitoring and the corresponding situation of instrument parameters. And the similar distance of the event situation is analyzed experimentally. We believe that these research data will provide effective technical reference for the intelligent management of optical networks in the current network.

Real-Time Identification of Cyanobacteria Blooms in Lakeshore Zone Using Camera and Semantic Segmentation: A Case Study of Lake Chaohu (Eastern China)

The surface water in the lakeshore zone is the primary area where cyanobacteria bloom floats intensively. In lake water environment monitoring, it has become pressing to accurately identify the distribution and accumulation coverage area of cyanobacteria blooms in the surface water of the lakeshore zone. This study proposes a real-time and dynamic monitoring technology for cyanobacteria blooms in surface water using a shore-based camera monitoring network. The specific work is as follows: Chaohu Lake, a large eutrophic lake in China, is selected as the research object. The multithreading technology is used to dynamically obtain the hourly video images of 43 cameras around Chaohu Lake. The semantic segmentation method is used to identify the cyanobacteria blooms in the video images, calculate the coverage of cyanobacteria blooms, and draw the spatial distribution map of cyanobacteria blooms in the lakeshore zone of Chaohu Lake. To improve the accuracy of cyanobacteria blooms recognition, we use the ResNet-50 network to integrate three semantic segmentation models, namely FCN, U-net, and DeeplabV3+. By comparing the cyanobacteria blooms results identified by the three methods, it is found that the boundary of the cyanobacteria blooms results identified by DeeplabV3+(ResNet-50) is clear, which is more consistent with the real spatial information of the distribution of cyanobacteria blooms and is more suitable for monitoring the hourly dynamic changes of cyanobacteria blooms in the Chaohu Lake lakeshore zone. The results demonstrated that the time requirement of monitoring cyanobacteria blooms in real time on an hourly basis could be met by utilizing technology that uses multiple threads. The OA (Overall Accuracy), MPA (Mean Pixel Accuracy), IOU (Intersection Over Union) of cyanobacteria blooms, and the IOU of water values of the DeeplabV3+(ResNet-50) were the highest, which were 0.83, 0.82, 0.71, and 0.74, and the RMSE between the predicted and real cyanobacterial blooms coverage of 43 cameras was 6.65%. The above values show that DeeplabV3+(ResNet-50) is this technology’s most suitable semantic segmentation model. This technique can provide technical support for the scientific development of a cyanobacteria blooms management plan in the lakeshore zone of Chaohu Lake by calculating the coverage area of cyanobacteria blooms and drawing the spatial distribution map of cyanobacteria blooms in the lakeshore zone.

Study on Denoising Microseismic Signal Based on Autoencoder Convolutional Neural Networks

As a kind of dynamic real-time monitoring technology, microseismic monitoring technology has been widely used for rockburst warning. Due to the complexity of the actual monitoring environment, the monitoring signals often contain different types of noise, affecting the earning warning of rockburst. In this study, an Autoencoder Convolutional Neural Network denoising model based on deep learning has been proposed to denoising of the complex signals. The unsupervised adaptive training method is used to train the model, which only needs to set its initial parameters. The importance of an enhanced training dataset is illustrated by the comparison experiment. The results indicate that the training and verification shows well performance during training. The denoising efficiency of the proposed model is studied by the denoising of the synthetic noise-containing signals. Furthermore, the dataset from the water conveyance tunnel in the Hanjiang-to-Weihe River water diversion project (HJ-Project) in Shaanxi Province is taken as an engineering example to evolute the performance of the proposed model for practical project. The denoising performance of the model is analysed through the visual denoising results and evaluation index. The model can effectively denoise the complex noised signal which separate it into pure microseismic signal and noise signal, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio, which is benefit for arrive-time picking and source locating then improve the performance of early warning of rockburst.

Design and Implementation of Groundwater Monitor Based on GPRS Transmitted

In practical applications, the geological environmental monitoring instruments should have more stringent instrument properties, their resistance to high and low temperature, sealing, corrosion resistance and low power consumption, They are all have higher requirements. While the areas whitout public network coverage are mostly alpine high - altitude areas, the instruments are exposed to relatively harsh geological conditions for a long time. The timely and stable data communication transmission technology is the key technology to ensure stable operation of groundwater dynamic monitoring systems. At present, GSM short message format is mostly used in the groundwater dynamic remote monitoring technology, but this approach is extremely limited in field applications. For obtaining groundwater monitoring parameters not affected by the limitation of public wireless network coverage area, the GPRS satellite positioning and short message technology is adopted, and a kind of data transmission communication apparatus using GPRS satellite is researched. After a large number of indoor debugging and field stability tests, it is proved that the control terminal of groundwater dynamic monitoring and communication developed based on GPRS satellite communication features stable data transmission, low power consumption, good resistance of wind, sand and moisture. It solves the transmission obstacle of groundwater monitoring data in the area without mobile phone signal, and realizes multi - mode groundwater monitoring communication.

Failure behavior and dynamic monitoring of floor crack structures under high confined water pressure in deep coal mining: A case study of Hebei, China

The coal mining process may make cracks in the floor to connect the confined aquifers, causing water inrush from the coal seam floor. Through the inclusion theory and compression failure criterion, the failure model of floor crack structures in deep mining is built by adding the additional water pressure. Under the compressive stresses, the additional water pressure in the cracks increases linearly as the mining-induced stress and the mining depth increase. As the confined water pressure rises, the failure strength of the floor crack structures decreases linearly, while the growth length increases nonlinearly. Yet, the failure strength first decreases and then increases as the angle of crack structures increases, and the dominant failure angles of crack structures in the floor range from 30 to 70°. Thus, the various dynamic monitoring technologies of crack structures, such as water-rich area detection, hydrological and micro-seismic monitoring, and failure depth exploration in the floor, are improved on the mining site. And these technologies are combined to establish a reliable early warning system for floor water inrush, and provide a safe guarantee for deep mining under high confined water pressure.

Research on the Dynamic Monitoring Technology of Road Subgrades with Time-Lapse Full-Coverage 3D Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

Road safety is important for the rapid development of the economy and society. Thus, it is of great significance to monitor the dynamic changing processes of road diseases, such as cavities, to provide a basis for the daily maintenance of roads and prevent any possible car accidents. The ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology is widely used in road disease detection due to its advantages of nondestructiveness, rapidness, and high resolution. Traditionally, one-time 2D GPR detection cannot obtain the 3D spatial changes of subgrades. Thus, we developed a road subgrade monitoring method based on the time-lapse full-coverage (TLFC) 3D GPR technique by focusing on solving the key problems of time and spatial position mismatches in experimental data. Moreover, we used the time zero consistency correction, 3D data combination, and spatial position matching methods, as they greatly improve the 3D imaging quality of underground spaces. Finally, the time-lapse attribute analysis method was used in the TLFC 3D GPR data to obtain detailed characteristics and an overall rule of the dynamic subgrade change. Overall, this research proves that TLFC 3D GPR is an optimal choice for road subgrade monitoring.

Dynamic Monitoring and Analysis of Ecological Environment in the Coastal Tourist Destinations of Sanya City, Hainan

Taking the Sanya Bay as the study area, based on the remote sensing images of Gaofen-2 in 2015, 2017, 2019 and 2020, this paper extracted 7 land use types of Sanya Bay. The main objectives of this paper includes: (1) Applying the theory of landscape ecology to calculate the landscape fragmentation and disturbance intensity in order to indicate the ecological changes in the study area; (2) Analysing the impact of landscape changes on the surroundings areas driven by the diversity of land use and perform the “Dynamic Monitoring and Analysis Technology for the Ecological Environment of Coastal Tourism Regions”. In which to monitor the dynamics of the ecological environment in the area of research. The results showed that the quality of the ecological environment in the study area changed dynamically with the construction of tourism sites: from year 2015 to 2017, due to a large number of construction, the ecological environment deteriorated to a certain extent; From 2017 to 2020, with the suspension of construction and environment restoration work, the quality of the ecological environment in the study area improved. Technology established in this paper provides a reference for the dynamic monitoring of the ecological environment in the coastal tourist area.

Research Progress of Intraocular Pressure Detection and Dynamic Monitoring Technology

The detection and dynamic monitoring of intraocular pressure have important clinical significance for the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma. The current status of clinical intraocular pressure detection and dynamic intraocular pressure monitoring are reviewed. The technical challenges encountered, and the shortcomings of the existing technology are analyzed, in order to expect better intraocular pressure monitoring technology to be applied to patients.

Research on Village Planning and Rural Architectural Design Based on Discrete Dynamic Modeling Technology

With the advent of the era of big data, the combination of science and technology and urban and rural planning has become the focus of many countries. The improvement of village planning and the redesign of rural buildings can promote the rapid development of villages and strengthen rural cohesion. Based on the above situation, this paper proposes a dynamic programming algorithm combined with discrete dynamic modeling technology to improve rural planning. Firstly, the dynamic programming algorithm is used to reconstruct the village layout and optimize the original village model. The dynamic monitoring technology is used to update the dynamic data in real time to provide specific information for the follow-up rural architectural design. Secondly, the dynamic modeling technology is used to build the building model, which can calculate the building location and building angle of the village. In order to further improve village development, we also put forward the concept of green building design. The performance of traditional modeling technology and discrete dynamic modeling technology in the green building design model is compared. The results show that the discrete dynamic modeling technology can improve the overall performance of rural buildings and improve the operation efficiency of the system in the batch design of green buildings. The village layout improved by dynamic planning reduces the specific travel distance of villagers and provides effective help for rural construction and economic development. Compared with traditional modeling technology, dynamic modeling technology has a shorter workflow and less time. Discrete dynamic modeling technology can realize dynamic batch architecture design and has higher applicability than traditional algorithms.

Flooding-drainage regulate the availability and mobility process of Fe, Mn, Cd, and As at paddy soil

Speciation changes in Fe and Mn during the soil flooding-drainage process strongly affect the Cd and As bioavailability in paddy soils. However, owing to a lack of in-situ dynamic monitoring technology, the regularity and mechanism of synergetic changes in Fe, Mn, Cd, and As in paddy soils have not been sufficiently studied. Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) were used to investigate the dissolution/transformation process of FeMn oxides and their effects on the bioavailability of Cd and As in three contaminated paddy fields that underwent incubated flooding for 40 d followed by a 20 d oxidation period. In-situ monitoring showed that the labile Cd concentrations decreased rapidly upon flooding but bioavailability of As increased significantly, with As and Cd concentrations largely depending upon Fe (II) content. We discovered that the transformation pathway of Iron Oxide-LDH (FeII-FeIII)-Goethite was the key process in reducing the activity of soil Cd. A higher Mn/Fe ratio and lower organic matter content delayed the Fe reduction process, which subsequently delayed Cd immobilization. Mobilization of Cd upon soil drainage was caused by a decrease in soil pH resulting in the release of Cd from secondary minerals.

Study on the ambulatory monitoring and optimization measures of the Gas wells in block A

The analysis of the Gas well is the core work and accompanying with the whole process of gas field development. The dynamic monitoring technology of gas well is an effective way to provide theoretical basis for dynamic analysis. Now there are 3 normal production gas Wells in the production test area of block A. In the process of production, pressure recovery, hydrostatic pressure and corrosion monitoring were carried out for the changes of production, pressure, fluid physical properties and underground surface engineering.We know the fluid accumulation, the corrosion of the downhole string, the reservoir characteristics, the reservoir physical parameters by these monitoring activities. So we guide the reasonable production of gas Wells timely and effectively, in order to better provide a basis for gas well production management and scientific decisionmaking. We should carry out rectification and strengthen management to problematic gas Wells and loopholes in dynamic monitoring, and provide better assurance for the development of gas fields.

Dynamic Monitoring Method of Abnormal Intrusion of Distribution Terminals for Power Internet of Things

At this stage, the security protection system of power IOT distribution terminals lacks effective anomaly intrusion detection methods, and the distribution terminals of power IOT have the characteristics of large number and wide range, which plays an important role in maintaining the normal operation of power IOT. Once the distribution terminal encounters illegal intrusion, it can lead to the damage of the important infrastructure of the distribution terminal of the power Internet of things, and pose a great security threat to the stable operation of the power Internet of things. This paper analyzes the content of building the network flow order of distribution terminals for the power Internet of things. From the aspects of basic attribute selection, data processing, building the network flow order, attribute classification, abnormal feature extraction, and realizing abnormal monitoring, it deeply discusses the abnormal intrusion dynamic monitoring method of the network flow order for the power Internet of things, in order to accurately monitor the abnormal intrusion dynamic data and enhance the abnormal intrusion dynamic monitoring effect, Improve the level of abnormal intrusion dynamic monitoring technology, and effectively ensure the safe and stable operation of power distribution terminals of the Internet of things.

Analysis of physical health risk dynamic evaluation system based on sports network technology

The people are the pillar of national construction and the driving force of social sustainable development. Therefore, people must develop morality, intelligence and body in an all-round way. The physical health risk assessment is of great significance to the improvement of the physical health of the public. Based on the sports network technology, this paper improves the traditional human posture recognition algorithm, and combines machine learning to construct the human body dynamic feature recognition method. Moreover, this paper combines actual needs to construct a physical health risk dynamic evaluation system based on sports network technology, which can recognize sports through pose recognition and combine dynamic monitoring technology to detect daily diet and living habits. In addition, this paper constructs the network structure of this paper system and designs its functional modules according to actual needs. Finally, this paper designs experiments to verify the performance of the model constructed in this paper. The research shows that the system constructed in this paper meets actual needs and can provide theoretical references for subsequent related research.

Study on Dynamic Monitoring Technology of Soil and Water Conservation in Construction Projects using Multi-source Remote Sensing Information

It is the legal duty of water administrative departments to monitor and supervise construction projects, but the single image source and interpretation technology have stunted supervision efficiency improvement. By utilizing the characteristics and advantages of multi-source remote sensing information, we constructed dynamic monitoring technology of soil and water conservation in construction projects based on multi-source remote sensing data, and used Mi Zhi County and Zi Zhou County in Yu Lin City as the experimental area to extract new disturbance maps from 2017 to 2018. The results show that coordinated application of multi-source remote sensing information can effectively improve the monitoring frequency up 64%, and the accuracy up 25%, which can provide reference for the informatization of soil and water conservation supervision in construction projects.

Dynamic Monitoring Technology of Air Quantity in Mine Ventilation System Based on Optimum Location of Wind Speed Sensors

To improve the accuracy and reduce the disturbance during the monitoring, the index system and the mathematic model of optimal wind speed sensors’ location are established using the variable fuzzy theory. Then the adjustment analysis of redundant wind speed sensor measurement and the standard deviation filter method are put forward. Then, the dynamic monitoring technology in mine ventilation network is formed and the automatic monitoring system of air quantity in mine ventilation network is established. The application in a complex ventilation network shows that, this method only needs 10 wind speed sensors (7 must install points and 3 redundant install points) to obtain the air quantity of 19 branches. And it can achieve the dynamic monitoring in the underground roadway, which provides an important basic data for management decisions in mine ventilation network.

Monitoring of Flooding Characteristics with Different Methane Gas Injection Methods in Low-Permeability Heterogeneous Cores

Methane gas injected into reservoirs can greatly enhance oil recovery and has been widely used. However, continuous methane gas flooding has a deleterious effect on oil recovery enhancement and easily causes gas channeling in low-permeability heterogeneous reservoirs because of the low viscosity and high mobility of methane gas. This study consists of comprehensive experimental research that combines physical simulation and saturation dynamic monitoring technologies with a component analysis of produced oil to investigate the oil recovery and mobility control effects in low-permeability heterogeneous cores. First, solubility, foaming ability, and stability are used as evaluation indicators. The results show that an alcohol ethoxylate foaming agent at 1.5 wt % is suitable for reservoirs, based on the Waring blender and Ross–Miles methods combined with microscopic observation. Second, methods of methane gas with water alternating gas (WAG) injection, advanced cyclic water alternating gas (ACWAG) injection, and methane nonionic foam injection are performed on three kinds of low-permeability heterogeneous cores under reservoir conditions. The experimental results show that methane nonionic foam flooding can significantly improve oil recovery by 11–18%. Third, the residual oil saturation in the core is tested by saturation dynamic monitoring. This finding indicates that methane nonionic foam flooding reduces mobility control, effectively restrains gas channeling, increases sweep efficiency, and has the highest permeability plugging rate (82–90%) for high-permeability channels. In the stage of methane WAG and ACWAG flooding, methane gas can increase the C12–C24 components in the produced oil by 0.3–0.9%. ACWAG injection can improve the stage of no water-cut oil recovery compared with conventional WAG injection.

The spatial distribution and expansion of subsided wetlands induced by underground coal mining in eastern China

A large number of subsided wetlands have formed in eastern China in areas with high-intensity mining. However, data are not currently available to indicate their spatial distribution and expansion in the past thirty years. This paper uses a modified normalized difference water index (mNDWI) and a maximum between-cluster variance (OTSU) image segmentation algorithm to extract the subsided wetlands in mining areas with high ground-water levels of eastern China from 1988 to 2018 based on Google Earth Engine. The results show that the overall accuracy of the extraction of subsided wetlands is 98%; the Kappa coefficient reached 0.81. The total area of subsided wetland in 2018 was 26,034.88 ha, of which 14,290.97 ha was in Anhui Province, accounting for 54.89% of all such wetlands. The spatial extent of subsided wetlands has grown rapidly in the past three decades with the area of subsided wetlands expanding by 11.86 times from 1988 to 2018. The total area of subsided wetlands in the winter of 2018 was 25,296.25 ha, which was smaller than in summer. This indicates that seasonal precipitation affects the spatial extent of subsided wetlands. Although some restoration activities have been successful, most of the subsided wetlands still need active development and management. In conclusion, mNDWI and OTSU image segmentation algorithms could quickly and accurately allow the extraction of the spatial extent of subsided wetlands. Subsided wetlands have strong potential for development in future ecological restoration. The ecosystem services of wetlands and availability of dynamic monitoring technology should be considered important in the future.

Research on Sewage Monitoring and Water Quality Prediction Based on Wireless Sensors and Support Vector Machines

Water resource protection has an important impact on ecosystem security and human survival. Therefore, water quality testing and early warning of the sewage status are getting more and more attention. In order to solve the problems of information transmission delay and insufficient water quality prediction in current water quality monitoring, this paper proposes a wireless sensor-based dynamic water quality monitoring and prediction technology. Firstly, this paper uses the wireless sensor technology and ZigBee protocol to establish a sewage monitoring model and real-time dynamic monitoring of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, and other indicators of the water quality of the basin. Secondly, on the basis of wireless monitoring, a support vector algorithm is used to construct a water quality prediction model to make a reasonable prediction of the water quality of the watershed. Finally, the actual test results show that the technology can automatically and real-timely monitor the water quality of the watershed to meet the requirements of water quality monitoring in practical applications.

“3S” TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATION FOR DYNAMIC MONITORING SOIL AND WATER LOSS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER BASIN, CHINA

Abstract. For China, which has many big rivers, there is an urgent need for efficient dynamic monitoring technology of water and soil loss. However, there are some problems in the current 3S (RS, GIS and GPS) technology for dynamic monitoring water and soil loss. This paper takes the Yangtze River Basin as an example to innovate and optimize the key technologies of the remote sensing interpretation of the water and soil loss dynamic monitoring of the Yangtze River Basin, and overcome the major technical difficulties in the remote sensing interpretation of the dynamic monitoring of water and soil loss. The key technologies include: 1) The establishment of a field investigation platform based on Internet and UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) for remote sensing interpretation; 2) Near real-time evaluating key factors of soil and water loss based on UAV photogrammetry and digital terrain analysis; 3) Geometric and Radiometric Simultaneous Correction Model (GRSCM) framework for remote sensing images pre-processing; 4) An object-oriented land use change update quality control method supported by multi-PC and GIS; and an object-oriented remote sensing image classification system based on random forest, deep learning and transfer learning; 5) Improvement of quantitative change detection method for image vegetation and three-dimensional topography. The results have been successfully applied in the remote sensing interpretation of the dynamic monitoring of water and soil loss in the national key prevention and control area of the Yangtze River Basin. They have been provided a scientific reference for the development planning of The Yangtze River Economic Zone.