Dynamic Business Contexts Research Articles

고신뢰조직(HRO)과 오류경험공유: 공군 조종사 대상 연구

In the 21st century, the approach to failure is evolving. While viewing errors or failures as negative outcomes was the norm in a stable environment, they are now considered essential elements for learning, especially as changes become more commonplace in today’s dynamic business context. Thus, managing failures effectively and harnessing their learning outcomes seem more appropriate than merely avoiding them. In this regard, High-Reliability Organizations (HROs) hold significant implications. According to prominent motivational theories like social learning theory, individuals experiencing errors may undergo negative states of deflation and reduced self-efficacy, which may lead them to conceal their error experiences and even impair their resilience. Yet, findings from HROs highlight that teams with management practices and an atmosphere that embraces failure feature members that tend to share their errors and adopt a learning-oriented approach based on their own error experiences and those of their peers. This paper empirically examines these discussions using survey data collected from 308 Republic of Korea Air Force pilots across 35 squadrons (teams). Results revealed that, although individual error experiences did not have a significant effect on error reporting and negatively impacted resilience, in teams with a high level of safety priority, members’ error experiences generated positive effects on error reporting. These findings effectively integrate motivational theories and discussions on HROs to explain both individual- and team-level phenomena, further offering practical implications for failure and error management.

Strategic Intelligence: A Semantic Leadership Perspective

This paper explores the notion of strategic intelligence, namely with respect to leadership and business-oriented areas. Strategic intelligence is a researched concept that primarily concerns the collection and analysis of intelligence for policy and military planning, mainly at national and international levels, whereas this study of management and organizational decision-making application is an extension of that. This article’s subject is the necessity for strategic intelligence, a crucial competence for leaders, managers, and companies striving to remain competitive, to be utilized and best leveraged in today’s volatile and dynamic business contexts. This study follows a research design that includes a thorough literature review and bibliometric research, executed via VoSViewer, illustrating the concept of strategic intelligence from a leadership point of view as a driver of competitive advantage, enhanced by knowledge dynamics. Furthermore, this article points out that the limitations are acknowledged because the literature on the matter is limited, as strategic intelligence is relatively new to the business sector; moreover, more research is required to fully understand and use the potential of strategic intelligence in business growth. Overcoming these limitations and continuing to study the strategic intelligence concept could, on the one hand, use multiple platforms, such as scholarly articles or encyclopedias, and, on the other hand, support businesses in gaining a competitive edge and making informed decisions that can fuel their success in an ever-evolving market.

Enterprise strategy and competitive advantage

This paper delves into the intricate relationship between corporate strategy and competitive advantage. It elucidates the foundational theories of both concepts, explores the various influences shaping corporate strategies, and investigates the sources and drivers of sustained competitive advantage. Additionally, the study examines the issues prevalent in strategic management and underscores the importance of aligning corporate culture with strategy to foster a competitive edge. Through an analytical approach, the paper categorizes corporate strategy schools of thought by their perspective on competitive advantage and asserts that the core subject of corporate strategy theory is the attainment and maintenance of competitive advantage. The findings reveal that challenges in strategy formulation and execution, along with a disregard for the dynamic business context, often result in strategic shortcomings. The construction of a corporate culture that is deeply integrated with strategy is proposed as a key driver for continuous competitive advantage.

Analisis Rasio Likuiditas, Aktivitas, Solvabilitas Dan Profitabilitas Dalam Mengukur Kinerja Keuangan Pada Perusahan Kontruksi Periode 2020-2022

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of five leading construction companies in Indonesia, namely PT Wika, PT WASKITA, PT ADHI, PT ACST, and PT JKON, during the period 2020-2022. The dynamic business context, especially in the construction sector, marks the importance of financial performance as an assessment of a company's sustainability and competitiveness. In the face of challenges, including the impact of the global pandemic, financial ratio analysis becomes a key instrument to measure a company's ability to deal with uncertainty.

Benefits Realization of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Initiatives in Supply Chains

Robotic Process Automation (RPA), which automates repetitive, rule-based operations, is becoming a crucial component of today’s enterprises as they compete in more dynamic business contexts. This study intends to provide implications on the Benefits Realization Key Success Factors (BRKSFs) appropriate for RPA projects, given that between 30% and 50% of RPA initiatives fail. The methodology of this study comprises three stages: identify the main contributing BRKSFs, develop a hierarchical relationship model for BRKSFs, and provide real-world examples to show the usability of BRKSFs using two case studies. The results show that having a clear, well-defined, and unchanging process is the most important BRKSF because of its strong influence over other factors. Three factors, namely, aligning the objective of the RPA initiative with the organization’s strategic objectives, choosing the right process for automation, and change management, have lower driving powers but high dependence powers than other factors. The five factors that have both high driving and high dependence powers are: prioritizing the benefits that can be obtained through the RPA initiative, performing a feasibility study, assembling a cross-functional team, having a team leader and receiving support from top management. This study sheds light on the interdependencies between BRKSFs for academics and business professionals, enabling them to determine which variables need to be considered most for RPA initiatives.

Workplace events and employee creativity: A multistudy field investigation

AbstractA burgeoning body of research has examined the influence of stable attributes of individuals, teams, and organizations on employee creativity. Events, however, permeate the increasingly dynamic and uncertain business context. To extend the creativity literature, we draw on event system theory to examine whether, when, and how workplace events impact employee creativity. Our findings based on two time‐lagged field studies reveal that workplace event novelty and criticality interact to fuel employee improvisation and in turn, employee creativity. The positive relationship between workplace event novelty and employee improvisation is stronger when workplace events are more critical. Our research highlights the value of an event‐oriented theory‐building approach to investigate dynamic organizational phenomena.

SOURCING STRATEGY ACROSS PRODUCT LIFE CYCLESTAGES: RELEVANCE OF MULTIPLE-MODE GOVERNANCE

Although researchers have used multiple organisation theories such as transaction cost theory (TCT), resource-based view (RBV), social exchange theory (SET) and resource dependence theory (RDT) to understand governance mechanisms used in sourcing, our understanding of the effectiveness of various sourcing governance mechanisms in a dynamic business context have been inadequate. This is partly because the 'contextual dynamics' has not been kept in perspective while utilising different theories in studies concerning various governance mechanisms. Inadequate consideration of the contextual dynamics has affected the ability to decide the right governance mechanisms over time. As a remedy, we delineate a conceptual framework that considers simultaneous use of multiple modes of governance and their adjustment over time to match the dynamic business contingencies. We incorporate the product life cycle (PLC) framework in characterising the 'contextual dynamics' of sourcing and use of TCT, RBV, SET and RDT tenets to argue that use of 'multiple-modes' of governance can be effective in addressing evolving sourcing needs over time. Our study contributes to theory development by explaining the whys, how and when of 'multiple-modes' governance over time. Managerial implications, limitations and future research opportunities are also discussed.

Social recognition and employee engagement: The effect of social media in organizations

In the contemporary dynamic business context (characterized by stiff competition, high uncertainty, growth of global as well as virtual organizations, etc.), setting up systems for recognizing and engaging employees which need constant endeavor from present-day organizations. Hence, organizations are actively exploring and adopting novel initiatives through strategies platforms for their employer engaging effort, moving the organization image to the “company of employee’s choice” and connecting their strategic talent acquisition supply chain into that eco-system. Qualitative data analysis through 65 semi-structured interviews with employees working with various Software and Research & Development sectors, Human Resources and Talent Management professionals working for information technologies companies, IT-enabled (Business Process Outsourcing) BPO, and KPO (Knowledge Process Outsourcing) Services, as well as talent acquisition organizations, confirm the utilization of social media for social recognition & employee engagement in their organizations. The study contributes to the fields of talent management and social networks and has several key messages for practitioners regarding the expediency and effectiveness of social networks in organizations.

Ontology-based reconfigurable DSL for planning technical services

The article is related to the problem of decision support in dynamic business contexts where multiple facts of domain knowledge (conditions, values and goals) frequently change over time, and users should participate continuously in the problem definition. In our research we explore an opportunity to use reconfigurable domain specific languages (DSL) as the most convenient and user-oriented way to implementation of decision support systems in the context of modern digital enterprises. What is the most important, the DSL proposed can be evolved in real time using the framework according to the changes in the target domain and competences of end-users. Applicability of the framework is demonstrated using a real-life example of resource allocation process in the railway transportation.

Transforming under deep uncertainty: A strategic perspective on risk management

Companies increasingly face the need for transformation in today’s rapidly changing business environment, characterized by major shifts in technology, regulation, and customer behavior. A lack of strategic risk insight and foresight leaves many incumbents insufficiently prepared in the face of such deep uncertainty. We argue that traditional risk management falls short because it predominantly focuses on strategy execution while leaving strategy formulation largely untouched. Moreover, an administrative-heavy risk management process can create strategic inertia and a misleading sense of control. In today’s dynamic business context, companies must not only increase the speed and impact of their strategy execution but also continuously explore the development of new strategies in response to disruptive events or emerging opportunities. Our research shows how leading companies develop a strategic risk management (SRM) capability to increase their resilience and agility in response to deep uncertainty. SRM takes a strategic, forward-looking perspective and focuses on strengthening processes, people, and practices for purposefully integrating risk into the strategy formulation process. This article offers a framework with three proven configurations of content and timing integration, risk management roles, and leading practices that enable effective SRM.

ANTECEDENTS TO EMPLOYER BRANDING: A STRATEGIC FOCUS ON THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) SECTOR IN INDIA

There is a paradigm shift in the nature of employee –employer bonding in the present dynamic business context. It is moving from a strong long term relationship to an instable short term association. This change is primarily observed among highly skilled knowledge workers of the information technology industry as they seek the best organizational environment that will suit their needs. In the present operating business environment where organizational growth is an outcome of innovative and technological progressions, human capital has emerged as one of the most valued assets of the organization. Skilled human capital can be a source of competitive advantage to companies and be a significant antecedent to its success. The challenge for the information technology industry is therefore to design a work environment that not only attracts but retains such talented human capital. Hence, it is imperative for the companies to explore the attributes that such skilled talent expect and operationalise them to effective employer branding strategies. This study is an attempt to explore the important attributes that IT specialists aspire in an organization of interest which will be beneficial design employer branding strategies.

IT outsourcing management in Poland – trends and performance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to find how mature the Polish commercial production companies are in their information technology (IT) sourcing practices, what they do, the practices that are successful, the challenges experienced and the outcomes.The paper presents and critically evaluates the results of a study of IT outsourcing management processes in selected industrial enterprises operating in Poland. Dynamic business contexts, globalisation and advances in IT make the development of IT sourcing models challenging in both theory and practice. This paper examines the principles and practice of sourcing IT and business processes in Poland, a country much under-represented in the literature. Little research has been conducted on the strategic rationale behind IT sourcing decisions, the resulting challenges and the potential or actual consequences of such decisions. This paper addresses these gaps in the understanding of IT sourcing processes by way of examining the types of sourcing models and solutions among manufacturing companies operating in Poland, and by identifying the most problematic and critical factors in effective IT sourcing collaborations. The outcomes are assessed against findings from the broader empirical outsourcing literature, and lessons are drawn for Polish client firms and those in similar economies. Design/methodology/approach – A survey methodology of a limited number of organisations in Poland was used. The study was designed to address the process of managing IT sourcing relations in production companies operating in Poland. The main objective of the study was to formulate working hypotheses to be used in further research on the sourcing models used in the IT sphere. Additionally, the study was designed to provide information on: the potential respondent reactions to the research problem, the understanding of the notions and terms used in the survey questionnaire and the evaluation of the research instrument itself. Findings – Organisations (and their employees) are generally well aware of their IT needs, and that they select quite well providers that suit their particular requirements. In their selection processes, organisations carefully consider not only the providers’ experience and the range of services on offer but also their flexibility in response to the client’s demands, the location and the trust formed in the course of previous cooperation. Communication between the parties typically takes the form of telephone conversations and e-mails. The majority of respondents reported more than one type of problems faced in the course of outsourcing. Problems concentrated in the areas of communication (52 per cent) and organisation (48 per cent), followed by difficulties in enforcing the terms of the contract. Research limitations/implications – It is a selective sample, focuses only on production companies and does not look at the offshore outsourcing market that has grown up in Poland, but rather what domestic polish organisations do in their sourcing practices. Practical implications – The organisations still struggle with the organisation and management of relations with their external service providers while getting reasonable results. They have much to learn from the published literature on managing the outsourcing life cycle. Social implications – There is a need for better inter-organisational cooperation. Originality/value – Poland is very underrepresented in the outsourcing literature – there are no examples of surveys like this in the English literature.

A process ontology based approach to easing semantic ambiguity in business process modeling

Business process modeling continues to increase in complexity, due, in part, to the dynamic business contexts and complicated domain concepts found in today's global economic environment. Although business process modeling is a critical step in workflow automation that powers business around the world, business process modelers often misunderstand domain concepts or relationships due to their lack of precise domain knowledge. Such semantic ambiguity affects the efficiency and quality of business process modeling. To address this problem, a Process Ontology Based Approach is proposed to ease semantic ambiguity by providing a means to capture rich, semantic information on complex business processes through domain specific ontologies. This approach is grounded in the Bunge–Shanks Framework to semantic disambiguation and evaluated using an expert survey as well as a controlled laboratory experiment.

Redefining supply network strategies to face changing environments. A study from the fashion and luxury industry

This research intends to offer an original contribution by studying how fashion and luxury companies have redefined both their marketing (in terms of price, product, promotion and placement) and operations actions (in terms of the relationship between supply network partners, types of integration, location of production, outsourcing and network objectives) to challenge contextual dynamic changes. The study adopts the multiple case study method. Evidence from 11 Italian companies highlights different areas under exploration to better respond to dynamic business contexts. Findings show how contextual changes significantly compel a growing alignment between marketing and supply network activities. Case studies indicate that closer partnerships and collaborations among companies within the entire value chain are crucial to realizing new collections, with compressed lead times and improved quality content. Finally, this study identifies two new production strategies (pronto-programmato and focused-programmato) adopted by fashion and luxury companies to improve competitiveness in changing business conditions.

The Commonwealth Bank of Australia – Strategizing from Outsourcing to the Cloud Part 1: Perennial Challenges Amidst Turbulent Technology

This teaching case examines the challenges of using Information Technology (IT) outsourcing, adopting new technologies, undertaking business transformation, and evolving the IT function's structure, governance arrangements and capabilities – all in a dynamic business context. The Commonwealth Bank Australia has over the last 20 years experienced similar IT management dilemmas as countless organizations across the globe. The case foregrounds six perennial issues in IT management. First, what form of outsourcing is suitable at different stages of an organization's development, and how can that outsourcing be managed? The case here covers the challenges of single and multi-supplier outsourcing. Part 2 will focus on sourcing issues with cloud computing. Second, what are the key IT capabilities that must be retained within a large corporation? Part 2 will ask whether these capabilities change with cloud computing. Third, what are the mechanisms for developing, nurturing, maintaining, and evolving retained capabilities? Fourth, how should IT be governed in the face of changing business needs, new technologies, and changing organization structures? Fifth, Parts 1 and 2 of the case question the roles of the CEO, CIO, and business managers in leveraging IT performance for business value, the building of project and program management capabilities, and how to organize IT to support a business transformation program. Finally, the case raises the challenge for students of how an organization with its history and legacy in technology and sourcing partners can then move into even newer technologies – in this scenario cloud computing – the primary focus of Part 2 of the case. Overall, the two cases raise the fundamental challenge – what perennial management practices are effective, over time, in dealing with the challenges raised by changing technologies, and what new practices may be required, in contemporary dynamic business contexts.

Accounting and Trust in Labour-Management Negotiations: Crisis in the Canadian Automotive Industry

This paper investigates the role of accounting information in the automotive industry restructuring of 2008 and 2009 in Canada. I also consider the impact that trust has on the use of accounting information in the labour-management negotiations both preceding and embedded in the restructuring. In 2008, the crisis in the automotive industry led to government-funded restructurings for two of the top manufacturers in North America, effectively adding the government as a third party to the negotiations. Following a series of negotiations that occurred between AutoCo and UnionA, I document a qualitative study that examines the individual actors’ views and perspectives on the negotiations process, as well as explore the dynamic interaction between accounting inscriptions and trust at the negotiation table. The use of actor network theory highlights the individual actors, their actor-networks, accounting inscriptions and the continuous translation process inherent in negotiations. Accounting inscriptions are shown to play a central role in labour-management negotiations, particularly as a forum for bringing the actor-networks together, and as a mode of persuasion. Furthermore, I explicate the notion of tactical trust, as it emphasizes the assessment, monitoring, adjustment inherent in decisions to trust within dynamic business contexts.

Knowledge Transfer and Knowledge Building at Offshored Technical Support Centers

Abstract This study investigates knowledge transfer and knowledge building at three technical support centers (TSCs) which have been offshored to China. Utilizing an interpretive case study approach, the study examined how organizational knowledge was transferred from the US-based onshore TSC to a China-based offshore TSC, and how China-based knowledge was built and expanded in a dynamic changing business context. A model is presented which was developed from qualitative analysis of the field data, and this model aids understanding of how knowledge was transferred and built at the individual level, the group level and the organization level at the China-based offshored TSC. The shared mental models of the people in the organizations helped individual knowledge to be linked to group knowledge, and then to organizational knowledge. The ongoing informal communication, close interaction and coordination between onshore and offshore group members facilitated the knowledge transfer from onshore to offshored TSC. The model presented also demonstrates the knowledge flow through knowledge intermediaries in the offshored knowledge transfer and building processes, and provides new insights into organizational learning in an offshored business context.

Web-based Technologies Integration for Distributed Manufacturing Scheduling in a Virtual Enterprise

Today’s manufacturing enterprises face enormous competitive pressures stemming from the current dynamic and open business context. Global competition and market demand for customized products and services, delivered ‘just in time’, exert real stress on businesses. Recently, new production paradigms, such as the extended enterprise, as well as agile, virtual and networked manufacturing, have appeared in response to the increasingly dynamic conditions of the marketplace. These new concepts prompt geographically dispersed manufacturers to build alliances with their suppliers and customers in order to work more closely with them. They need to work to build manufacturing networks which bridge large sections of the supply chain. In this context distributed scheduling problems are challenging tasks to researchers and practitioners that have been gaining increasing popularity over the years. This is partly attributed to the fact that multi-site production and networked manufacturing environments are increasing as a consequence of globalization. In this paper a web based system for technologies integration for supporting distributed scheduling in a Virtual Enterprise, by combining a simulation-based approach, with the Hungarian algorithm, for solving job-shop scheduling problems is presented, in order to show how the authors can benefit from this technologies integration for supporting collaborative distributed manufacturing scheduling.

Corporate Responsibility and Identity: from a Stakeholder to an Awareness Approach

ABSTRACTFirms are encouraged to manage their corporate responsibility and identity in accordance with the popular stakeholder theory. Managers are, however, confronted with the complexity of the praxis and related ethical dilemmas, as the expectations of their external stakeholders may be myriad, ambiguous and self‐contradictory, or even non‐existent in the global and dynamic business contexts. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to (a) review and critically discuss the stakeholder approach in striving for a responsible identity and (b) introduce an alternative approach that can address its inadequacies and shortcomings. The study outlines an alternative theorem, the awareness approach to responsible identity. In the conclusions, the article proposes how firms can adopt a responsible identity that leads to a desired image and reputation, and maps out further research opportunities. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment

Dilemmas of Project-Based Media Work: Contexts and Choices

Media firms exist in dynamic business contexts which influence how they and their creative workers respond to a series of project-based work dilemmas. The paper reviews three forms of dilemmas or tensions within media-based businesses: identity dilemmas of individualization versus collective belonging, organizing dilemmas of creative autonomy versus corporate control, and learning dilemmas of creative exploration versus commercial exploitation. The paper conceptualizes how creative businesses and creative workers respond to these dilemmas in terms of separating, integrating and shifting response options. It then examines how contextual features of media industry technologies, markets, institutional practices, and user coproduction convergences impact how project businesses and their creative workers are likely to respond to the dilemmas.