Dyed Cotton Fabrics Research Articles

Psuderanthimum reticulatum: A New Green Source for Dyeing of Cotton Fabric

In the present work, cotton fabrics were dyed using the acidified aqueous extract of Psuderanthimum reticulatum leaves with different mordants such as ferrous sulphate, stannous chloride, copper sulphate, potash alum and ferric alum by premordanting technique and various shades were obtained. The washing, perspiration and light fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were carried out by standard methods, ISO 105-C06 A2S-2010, ISO 105 E04-2013 and ISO 105 B02 Methods 3:2014, respectively. Cotton fabrics dyed with copper sulphate and ferric alum showed excellent to very good properties towards the entire fastness tests studied. The bioactive colourant present in the aqueous extract of Psuderanthimum reticulatum responsible for dyeing is anthocyanin pigment and it was identified by chemical test, UV & FTIR spectral and HPLC analysis.

Enhancing the dyeing and functional properties of cotton fabric with the application of natural dyes and nanoparticles

Enhancing the dyeing and functional properties of cotton fabric with the application of natural dyes and nanoparticles

Optimization of Vat Dyeing with an Orange Peel Extract Reducing Agent using Response Surface Methodology

Sodium dithionite is the most commonly-used reducing agent for vat dyeing of cotton fabric. This research focuses on the use of orange peel extract (OPE) as a new reducing agent for vat dyeing cotton fabric to avoid the toxic chemicals released from sodium dithionite. The dyeing experiments were carried out in a batch system to optimize alkali concentration, OPE concentration, and vatting temperature via response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal color yield was achieved at 11.97 g/L of OPE, 1.18 g/L of alkali, and 44 °C vatting temperature. Fabric dyed under optimized dyeing condition using OPE was compared with a standard conventionally dyed fabric using sodium dithionite as the reducing agent. A uniformly dyed fabric with comparable color yield was obtained. Fastness properties were not affected by the use of OPE.

Preparation of certified reference materials for cotton fabric’s dye transfer inhibition performance test of household washing machines

At present, many well-known brands of washing machines in the market are equipped with dye transfer inhibition washing procedures. However, there is no standardized sample available for the evaluation of the dye transfer inhibition washing procedure, and there is no comparability and access standard of the high-quality washing machine with the related functions. In this article, the certified reference materials for the evaluation of the dye transfer inhibition function will be prepared, which consist of certified reference material of white cotton fabric and that of dyed cotton fabric. The certified reference material of white fabric is made of bleached plain fabric, and that of dyed fabric is made with different reactive red dyes and dyeing processes. The size and manufacturing process of the whole set of standardized samples for the evaluation of dye transfer inhibition are selected and determined through experiments. The preparation of the standardized sample for the evaluation of dye transfer inhibition will improve the research and design of the functional washing procedure, which can better solve the pain point when dark and light clothes are washed together.

Colour Reflectance Investigation of Decolourized Sulfur Dyed Cotton Knitted Fabric via Ozone Plasma Treatment

Ozone plasma treatment is accessible to be applied on shading adjustment and colour fading because of the capacity of ozone production. It is a green process that treats dyed cotton fabric under dry condition so as to avoid chemical pollutants. This study means to explore colour reflectance of decolourized sulfur dyed cotton texture using ozone plasma treatment. Sulfur dyed cotton textures with various colour depths (0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5%) were set up to be treated different plasma parameters, including ozone air concentrations (10%, 30%, 50%, 70%), water contents in terms of weight percentage (35%, 45%) of fabric and ozone air plasma treatment periods (10 mins, 20 mins, 30 mins). The colour fading result is assessed by the colour reflectance in percentage (R%) utilizing spectrophotometer under CIE standard illuminant D65. The valid colour fading based on high percentage of reflectance was demonstrated from plasma treatment under higher ozone air concentration (50% and 70% ozone in air) and longer time length of plasma treatment (20 mins and 30 mins). The level of water content contained in the cotton fabrics is appeared to have noteworthy relationship with the degree of decolourization.

DYEING OF COTTON FABRIC WITH NATURAL DYE FROM CUDRANIA JAVANENSIS USING SOKA LEAVES EXTRACT AS BIOMORDANT

Tegeran wood (Cudrania javanensis) has been used for dyeing process of batik in Indonesian textile small medium scale enterprise. This wood gave soga color when it was mixed with others natural dye. This study was aim to evaluate the caharacteristic, fastness properties, and strength color of dyed cotton fabrics using C. javanensis with bio-mordant soka leaves extract. Extraction of C. javanensis was carried out using water. The post mordant process was carried out by applying alum (KAl(SO 4 ) 2 •12H 2 O) solution and soka leaves extract on cotton fabrics with the concentration of 0.5 and 1% b/v. Characteristic of dyed cotton fabrics then was evaluated using Fourier-Transform Infrared (F-TIR) Spectroscopy. The results exhibited that, binding between tegeran wood on cotton using mordant alum and soka leaves extract was similar.The fastness properties both dyed cottons toward light and washing at 40oC exhibited poor and very poor values with values of 1-2 and 1. The dry and wet rubbing of dyed cotton using soka leaves extract mordant better than using alum. The soka leaves extract gave yellow and brightness color on cotton.The results suggested that soka leaves extract can be used as mordant substitute the alum mordant and apllied with others natural dyes.

Preparation and Utilization of Fixing Agents for Dyed Cotton Fabrics

Preparation of new cationic fixing agents and their utilization after dyeing cotton fabrics using reactive and direct dyes are studied. Both stock solution which used in preparation of fixing agents and prepared fixing agent are analyzed to detect the percent of nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen atoms. The application of the prepared fixing agents after dyeing cotton fabrics either using reactive or direct dyes are investigated. The newly prepared fixing agents could be successfully used for fixing different types of dyes and in general their points possess color strength value comparable or even higher to those obtained upon using selected commercial fix.

Optimization and Characterization of Prepared Nano-Disperse Dyes via a Sonication Process and Their Application in Textile Dyeing and Printing

Disperse blue 3 and disperse orange 1 dyes were subjected to an innovative process to convert them to a nanoscale size by sonication via an ultrasonic homogenizer. The obtained dyes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The sonicated dyes (SNDs) were used for dyeing and printing (flat screen and transfer printing techniques) of polyester (PET) and cotton fabrics and compared with a non-sonicated (NSND) dye. Variable studies including sonicated and non-sonicated durations were used to optimize the sonication conditions. The effects of dye concentration, dyeing temperature, dyeing time, and carrier concentration were studied in terms of dye uptake and shade in dyed and printed fabrics. Additionally, in the transfer printing technique, the proper transfer fixation times were evaluated. To determine the significance of this treatment, analysis of variance was implemented via a two-way ANOVA test. The dyed and printed samples were evaluated for fastness properties.

Sustainability of Organic Cotton Fabric Dyeing with a Natural Dye (Gallnut) and Analysis by Multi-technique Approach

ABSTRACT In this study, six organic cotton interlock knitting fabric were dyed using gallnut (Quercus infectoria Olivier) four of them were treated with FeSO4.7H2O as post-mordant. The dyed fabrics were analyzed by different analytical and technical methods such as CIEL*a*b*, surface-pH meter, HPLC-DAD, SEM-EDX, FTIR, fastness and antimicrobial tests. Identified dyestuffs with HPLC-DAD were gallic acid, ellagic acid, and their derivatives. In the all dyed fabrics, the detected elements with SEM-EDX are oxygen, silicon, calcium, and sodium. The iron element was found in four dyeings using post mordant. The highest iron percentage are dyeings with a dyeing time of 30 min. The fastness results were good in general. The test of rubbing fastness was 4–5 in dry and the lowest 3 in wet. Washing fastness was found as 4–5 for all fabrics. The antimicrobial test was also carried out against gram-positive bacterium. The results of antimicrobial test against gram-positive bacterium were determined above 91%. Lastly, the dyed fabrics were analyzed by FTIR for determination of the interaction among dye, mordant metal, and cotton fabric. All the dyeings were initially carried out under laboratory conditions, and then applied to jet dyeing machine as protative and sustainable at large scale.

Kinetics of Reactive Dyed Pretreated Cotton Fabrics With and without using Salt

Most of the cotton fabrics at present are dyeing using reactive dyes which requires large quantities of salt, further produce large amount of effluent load to the environment in the form of more salinity in the effluent water along with other pollutants. In order to reduce the salinity in the waste water lot of investigations were carried out. Cotton fabrics pretreated with chitosan were dyed with reactive dyes. Pretreated samples were dyed without using salt as an electrpolyte. The influence of pretreatment on kinetics in dye bath i.e rate of dye particle movement towards the fabric, wash fastness, rubbing fastness was determined. The results of this study shows that the pretreatment of cotton with chitosan increases dye uptake and shows good fastness to washing and rubbing same as that of conventional way of dyed samples. It was determined that chitosan was effective cross linking agent in salt-free dyeing of cotton fabrics.

Medicinal Plants in East Sumba that Potential as Natural Dyes for Ikat Weaving

The revival of the natural dyes comes from an awareness of maintaining health and preserving the environment. Medicinal plants can be used as a source of the natural dyes. This study aimed to determine the medicinal plants in East Sumba Regency potentially exploited as a natural dye for ikat weaving. Plant data was obtained from Tana Tuku village and Mbatakapidu village in East Sumba Regency. A total 13 species of plants were extracted to dye cotton fabric and mordant by FeSO4 (ferrous sulphate), Al2(SO4)3 (alum) dan CaCO3 (lime). The intensity of color L*, a*, b* were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test and Duncan post hoc test. The fastness of washing test analyzed by a gray color change scale and staining scale standard. The results showed that the ferrous sulphate mordant produced dark color and the alum mordant produced bright color. The intensity of red color was shown by Swietenia macropylla King and Leucaena leucocephala when it was mordanting by lime. The intensity of yellow color was shown by Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz with alum and Syzigium polyanthum with lime. The color change was not significant at 40 oC of washing shown by Tamarindus indica and Leucaena leucocephala mordanting by ferrous sulphate, Leucaena leucocephala, Bombax ceiba and Timonius timon mordanting by alum, Tamarindus indica, Leucaena leucocephala, Timonius timon mordanting with lime. All natural dyes did not stain the upholsteries.

Pretreatment of Cotton with Different Radiations to Improve Colour Strength and Fastness Properties in Reactive Dyeing

Different types of radiations have been found to be widely applicable in modifying the properties of materials. In this work colour strength (K/S) and colour fastness of reactive dyed cotton fabric has been studied with the application of three radiations; microwave, ultraviolet and ultrasonic. Analysis of variance and comparison of mean values statistical tests were carried out to find out the effect of different radiation treatment time and fabric density on colour strength of cotton fabrics. The colour strength (K/S) of dyed fabric enhanced significantly by pretreatment with different radiations and highest shade depth is achieved in case of microwave in comparison to untreated ultrasonic and ultraviolet irradiated samples. Furthermore, irradiated samples have shown better colour fastness to washing in all three cases. Therefore these radiations can be used to enhance the colour properties of dyed fabrics.

Comparative Study on Dyeing of Cotton, Modal and Lyocell Fabrics Using Bifunctional and Polyfunctional Reactive Dyes

Polyfunctional reactive dyes have been introduced by the renowned dye manufacturers in the recent years for better exhaustion and fixation performance. This paper deals with evaluation of the dyeing performance of three cellulosic fibres namely cotton, modal and lyocell with polyfunctional (Avitera Cardinal SE) reactive dye in comparison a bifunctional-(Novacron Brilliant Red FN-3GL) reactive dye. The purpose of this study is to achieve a better understanding of exhaustion and fixation behaviour in dyeing of cotton, modal and lyocell fibres using these two types of reactive dyes. The dyeing was carried out at four different shade% (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%). Besides studying exhaustion (%) and fixation (%) along with K/S values of dyed fabrics, several other quality parameters e.g. bursting strength, pilling resistance and colour fastness to wash were also examined. Finally, the optimum combination among the three types of cellulosic fabrics and two types of reactive dyes was observed. Lyocell fabric and polyfunctional reactive dyes have been found more sustainable.

Dyeing of cotton fabric with ground water and sea water: comparison of their fastness properties

Dyeing of cotton fabric with ground water and sea water: comparison of their fastness properties

Comparative Analysis of Laser Treatment on Solid and Yarn Dyed Cotton Fabric

Comparative Analysis of Laser Treatment on Solid and Yarn Dyed Cotton Fabric

DYEING OF COTTON FABRIC WITH REACTIVE DYE USING INFRARED HEATING TECHNIQUE

Anew technique represented in this study for evaluating the performance of dyeing cotton fabrics using infrared (IR) heating technique compared to conventional exhaust dyeing method. The effect of this new technique has been studied on the color strength (K/S), color fastness properties, tensile strength and elongation of the dyed cotton fabrics made of two Egyptian varieties Giza 90 and Giza 95 using Procion H-EXL blue reactive dye with concentrations 2%, 4% and 6% . The color strength values of the infrared heating technique in dyeing were better than those of the exhaust dyeing obtained using the same dye concentration 4% and the same recipes. Also the results for dyeing using infrared heating technique had no bad effect on the color fastness or on the dyed cotton fabric mechanical properties.

Sustainable ultrasound-assisted ultralow liquor ratio dyeing of cotton fabric with natural turmeric dye

Natural dyes are environmentally friendly and have become important alternatives to synthetic dyes in some dyeing products. Therefore, better extraction and dyeing techniques need to be developed for the dyeing process of natural dyes. In this work, cotton fabric was dyed using turmeric extraction solution under an ultralow liquor ratio (materials to liquor ratio of 1:5) and ultrasonic-assisted conditions. Dye extraction using different dispersants and pH values has been investigated and three-factor-three–level Box–Behnken design was employed to explore the dyeing conditions. It was found that sodium dodecyl sulfate systems and ultrasonic waves can effective improve the dyeing depth under neutral condition. The K/ S value can reach 2.53 with ultrasonic power of 200 W, dyeing time of 30 min and temperature of 40℃. Scanning electron microscope images showed that the application of ultrasound did not cause obvious fiber damage. The developed technique could be used in the textile industry to make dyeing cotton fibers with natural dyes more sustainable than it is at present.

Dye Extraction and Cotton Dyeing from Peach Leaf

Peach leaf dye extracted by optimized Solvent extraction was used to dye cotton fabric. Optimization of Dye extraction and dyeing were done by varying one factor at a time keeping the others constant. The three different dyeing methods namely pre-mordanting, simultaneous-mordanting and post-mordanting were used to dye the cotton fabrics. Color strength and shade depth of the dyed samples; i.e., the CIELAB (L* = 50.29, a* = 3.83, b* = 37.18 and K/S values of 1.9 were recorded from the dyed samples by using a spectrophotometer. Wash and rubbing fastness of the dyed samples were evaluated using Lin test colorfastness and annual rubbing fastness tester respectively.

Optimization of the cationizing condition in salt‐free reactive dyeing of cotton fabric with the pad‐irradiate‐pad‐steam process using response surface methodology

AbstractResponse surface methodology is widely used in the optimization of dyeing conditions. Herein, the color strength and dye fixation rate of the cotton fabric dyed by pad‐irradiate‐pad‐steam (PIPS) process were determined and compared to by conventional pad‐dry‐pad‐steam (PDPS) process. Then the response surface methodology and central composite design were used to optimize the cationizing conditions during the pad‐irradiation step of the process to obtain high color strength during the subsequent salt‐free reactive dyeing of the cotton fabric via a pad‐steam process. The obtained experimental data were fitted to the second‐order polynomial equation, and response surface plots and contour plots were used to identify the optimal cationizing condition, the 3‐chloro−2‐hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride concentration of 104 g/L, the microwave irradiation power of 537 W, the treatment time of 6 min, and the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to 3‐chloro‐2‐hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride of 1.02. The results showed that the experimental color strength of the cotton fabrics was in close agreement with the value predicted by the model and the optimal cationizing condition was obtained precisely.

Improvement of Dyeing and Antimicrobial Properties of Cotton Fabrics Through Pre-treatment with Silver Nanoparticles

Silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by chemical reduction of silver salt solution, characterized by its surface plasmon resonance peak in absorption spectra at 425 nm. The studies were carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The size and size distribution of these nanoparticles have also been examined using particle size analyzer, the average size of the particles is found to lie between 5 nm and 50 indicated the presence of micrometer-size conglomerates composed of much smaller particles. Chemical analysis performed with the use of EDX revealed that the powder contains about 72% of silver. The findings support the size and shape of the synthesized nano silver particles. These nanoparticles have been applied to cotton, by usual exhaustion process and manifested the improved microbial resistance. The dyeing behavior of the treated fabrics with reactive yellow 2 has been studied and the build-up of dye, measured as color strength in terms of K/S values. The higher K/S values are obtained when the Ag nano is anchored in the fiber matrix. Improved color strength with good wash and light fastness is also obtained after treatment of fabrics with nanoparticles.