Dutch Colonial Research Articles

Konstitusional Pasal Penghinaan Terhadap Presiden dan/atau Wakil Presiden Dalam Perspektif Kebebasan Berpendapat bagi Warga Negara (Telaah Atas Pasal 217-220 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana)

The Constitutional Court decision No.013-022/PUU-IV/2006 issued in 2006, it was stated that the article on insulting the President contained in Article 134, Article 136 and Article 137 of the Criminal Code no longer had binding legal force. The Constitutional Court stated that in its ratio decidendi regarding the abolition of the article on insulting the President and/or Vice President, namely with several considerations: 1) The Criminal Code is a legacy of Dutch colonialism. 2) Give rise to legal uncertainty (rechtsonzekerheid) and the principle of equality before the law does not apply. 3) protection of human rights. The redaction of the article on insulting the President and/or Vice President as stated in Article 217-Article 218 of Law the Criminal Code is no different from the redaction of the article on insulting the President and/or Vice President which has been declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court. Minimize the occurrence of a judicial review in the next three years regarding the article regarding insulting the President and Vice President. So the restrictions on the article regarding insulting the President and Vice President can be regulated by equivalent legal regulations, such as government regulations as a matter of urgency in explaining the article.

Geography has little impact: a comparative study on the role of judges in Singapore and Indonesia in the taking of evidence in civil proceedings

ABSTRACT Indonesia and Singapore are neighbouring countries with vibrant economic relations. Despite the geographical proximity, the legal systems in both countries are strikingly different. The author suggests that the most influencing factor of a country’s legal system is often its former colonial master. Singapore (a former British colony) applies the common law legal system while Indonesia (a former Dutch colony) applies the civil law legal system. Chan and van Rhee suggest that the differences between the two legal systems are often exaggerated, but differences remain. This paper sets out these differences with a focus on the judges’ role in taking evidence in civil proceedings, given the inevitable fact that disputes would arise among the business players of the two countries and that taking of evidence is an essential part that may be decisive to the outcome of a dispute. Doctrinal and comparative methods will be used, namely through analysing various procedural laws as found in the statute, case laws, as well as commentaries. This paper contributes to the scant collection of comparative literature on the two legal systems and assists business players in understanding better the procedures of taking evidence applied by the relevant dispute resolution forum that they can choose to resolve their commercial disputes.

Tracing the Hand of God: Divine Providence, Dutch Colonial Policy, and Herman Bavinck

AbstractIn this essay, I trace the main contours of Herman Bavinck's account of divine providence, outlining its unique features. I then highlight ways that Bavinck's parliamentary speeches which touch on the subject of colonial policy in the Dutch East Indies expose a hidden risk in his formulation of this doctrine. In conversation with recent reflections on this doctrine, I then argue that this problem is not insurmountable. By way of conclusion, I suggest ways that it might be overcome so that the more promising features of Bavinck's doctrine of providence might be retrieved.

Narrating Balinese Moslem Everyday Environments through Gelgel Village’s Dutch Colonial Residential Building for Tourism

Narrating Balinese Moslem Everyday Environments through Gelgel Village’s Dutch Colonial Residential Building for Tourism

The Present Discourse Aims to Examine The Evolution of Indonesian Islamic Civilisation Within The Context Of The Dutch Colonial Period

This study aims to analyze the development of Indonesian Islamic civilization during the Dutch colonial period. This study using library research produces research data that: 1). The dynamics of the socio-cultural conditions of Islamic civilization during the Dutch colonial period were still underdeveloped due to the strict system of colonialism applied in Indonesia; 2). The government system of Islamic civilization during the Dutch colonial period greatly influenced the development of Islamic civilization in Indonesia; 3). There were 3 strategies for Islamic da'wah during the Dutch colonial period, including: the transitional da'wah system between Hinduism and Islam, the lecture method in surau, and Islamic boarding schools; 4). Challenges to Islamic civilization during the Dutch colonial period included: Challenges in the fields of education, politics, economy and religion or da'wah; 5). Influential figures during Islamic civilization during the Dutch colonial period included K.H. Hasyim Asy'ari, Prince Diponegoro, Tuanku Imam Bonjol, Prince Antasari, and Teungku Cik Di Tiro. This study has implications for increasing literature on the history of Indonesian Islamic civilization so that it can add to the treasury of historical knowledge in Indonesia.

Commodifying Java Coffee: An Analysis using Spivak’s Planetarity toward Dee’s Filosofi Kopi

This research aims to analyze how and why Java coffee depicted by Kopi Tiwus in Dee’s Filosofi Kopi is commodified after Dutch colonialism which is inseparable from Eurocentrism ended in 1945 when Indonesia gained its independence. After applying qualitative research method with a post-colonial approach which involves collecting data in the form of words and analyzing the data by using Spivak’s planetarity as a post-colonial theory, it is found that the coffee is commodified through interaction between global agents depicted by Ben and Jody as owners of a coffee shop in Jakarta, namely Filosofi Kopi, and planetary subjects depicted by a middle-aged man with a strong Javanese accent who makes Ben and Jody know the coffee and by Pak Seno who sells it in a rickety hut in a rural area which is not far from Klaten, Central Java. Through the interaction, knowledge of features of Java coffee which is produced in smallholder coffee plantations on Java Island, Indonesia suggesting the country to enlarge its coffee plantations and to provide information and assistance of coffee cultivation technology to raise competitiveness of its coffee in the world market can be exchanged. The features are well-grown in a fertile land, the highest quality type of coffee, and brewed in a simple way which lead Java coffee to become a commodity to generate capital which can be globalized as well as European coffee depicted by Ben’s Perfecto as Ben’s creation together with a variety of popular espresso drinks. Made with espresso method and machine found and developed by Europeans along with other coffee brewing equipment and tools being homogenized in numerous cafes around the world, including in Indonesia, European coffee can be juxtaposed with Java coffee which does not require use of the machine and thus regarded as a different one. Novelty of the research is commodifying Java coffee without alienation of labor as Spivak states that planetarity keeps homogenization and differentiation in alterity which makes planetarity “in excess” of globalization of capital.

PENGUATAN KARAKTER PELAJAR PANCASILA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH

This research departs from the problem of the decline in student character values due to the low strengthening of character values. This study aims to describe the biography of KH. Subkhi and the character of the Pancasila student profile in KH. Subkhi and also the process of strengthening the Pancasila student profile in SKI learning based on local wisdom figures in Temanggung. This study uses a phenomenological approach and qualitative descriptive methods. The object of this study is MIN 1 Temanggung. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study show three findings. First, KH. Subkhi is a religious figure who grew up with his grandfather and father in the pesantren environment and then inherited his grandfather's generous, critical and independent nature. He founded Barisan Muslim Temanggung (BMT) to fight the Dutch colonizers. Second, KH. Subkhi's character is relevant to the six values of the Pancasila student profile: faith and devotion, cooperation, independence, creativity, critical reasoning, and global diversity. Third, strengthening the Pancasila student profile in SKI learning integrated with the KH. Subkhi's character starts with planning, learning activities, and closing.

‘We thought we would be welcomed with open arms’: Holocaust refugees in Dutch Caribbean internment

ABSTRACT The trajectories and experiences of more than a hundred Jewish refugees, who arrived in the Dutch colony of Suriname in December 1942, shed light on the complex connections and tensions between colonial hierarchies, Jewish heritage and antisemitism. Furthermore, De Jong's article highlights the often-overlooked role of the Dutch Caribbean during the Second World War, particularly in providing refuge to Holocaust survivors. The article first delves into the broader colonial context and the sociopolitical dynamics of wartime Suriname. The refugees, initially interned and subjected to restrictive regulations, struggled with their diminished status and the obligatory domestic chores, especially in this colonial setting. De Jong also touches on the complex interplay of racial hierarchies in the colony and antisemitism, shedding light on the refugees’ position within this new environment. Second, De Jong examines intra-Jewish tensions in Suriname through two case studies of conflict: the first surrounding a Purim celebration and the second concerning a request for a separate Ashkenazi service during the High Holidays. These conflicts reveal the challenges faced by the refugees and the established Jewish community in negotiating cultural and religious identities. The disputes were significant but eventually resolved, demonstrating the resilience and flexibility of both groups. The study provides a multifaceted understanding of the refugees’ experiences in Suriname by integrating traditional archival documents with personal narratives and oral histories. It underscores the Dutch Caribbean as a significant site of refuge and Jewish interaction during the Second World War, contributing to broader discussions on colonial spaces in Holocaust Studies

Salang Pinjam: Maintaining Traditional Pawn Practice against the Practice Regulated by Divide et Impera Politics

Salang pinjam had been carried out by many Minangkabaunese before the arrival of the Dutch colonialists. The presence of the Dutch colonialists shifted the tradition of salang pinjam into pagang gadai (pawn) as part of the Devide et Impera politics which aimed at breaking up the unity of Minangkabau people. The transition from the concept of salang pinjam to gadai (pawning), apart from not being in accordance with Islamic teachings, also often causes disputes in the communities. Even so, in several Minangkabau areas the tradition of salang pinajm still survives to ensure the continuity of religious-based customs, including in Paninjauan Village, Tanah Datar regency. This study was conducted to describe the concept of salang pinjam and how it differs from the Dutch version of pawning. This research is field research with the data sources obtained from Paninjauan Village’s community leaders and parties who have carried out salang pinjam. The data were collected through direct interviews with informants, then classified according to the questioned-themes. Then, the data were analyzed descriptively. This study concluded that the essence of salang pinjam is borrowing from each other, one party borrows money or gold and the other party borrows land or rice fields. Based on Islamic teachings, this transaction does not violate Islamic rules and will not cause any disputes. This is different from pawnshops regulated by the Dutch Colonial by which borrowing money must be accompanied by collateral in the form of land, and this way becomes a source of problems for two reasons; first, it is contrary to Islamic teachings because it utilizes collateral assets; and second, the collateral must be returned to the borrower after seven years without compensation, and in reality the community is not willing to just return it unless the borrowers must return the money they have borrowed.

History of the Development of Education in Indonesia

This research aims to describe and analyze how and what Indonesian education was like in ancient times, Japanese colonial, Dutch colonial, movement, development and reform. The results of this research are that the history of education in Indonesia does not only occur in one period, but as the development of the era of education in Indonesia has changed from time to time. This research method uses research specification methods, data collection methods and data analysis. Likewise, the conclusion of this journal is described as to (1) help understand the world of society (2) help understand identity (3) become informed citizens (4) and build good citizenship

TheroleofnewspaperspublishedinNorthSumatraduringIndonesia's independence struggle between 1916-1925: A content analysis.

Background:Newspapers played an important role in fostering a sense of nationalism, instilling the concept of "nation", fostering a sense of belonging, and maintaining the unity that the colonized people desperately needed to achieve independence. This study aims to investigate the involvement of indigenous newspapers in the struggle for Indonesian independence in North Sumatra during the Dutch colonial period, as well as to highlight how the contents of the newspaper's coverage were narrated in the struggle for Indonesian independence. Methods:This study used a qualitative content analysis (QCA) method. Research analysis includes manifest analysis (shown on the surface of the text) and latent analysis (hidden in the text) on the title, topic and sentence of each article. The validity test was carried out by peer-reviewing coding books and coding forms. Reliability test in the form of Intercoder reliability using NVivo 12 interrater reliability. Results: The results of the study found 107 articles in 13 indigenous newspapers in North Sumatra that supported the struggle for Indonesian independence from Dutch colonialism. There are 7 forms of narrative of the struggle for Indonesian independence in indigenous newspapers in North Sumatra from 1916-1925. The seven narratives are found in the title, topic, and sentences written in the article. National movements were the most narratives found with 36.73% found in titles (N= 49), 26.09% in topics (N=89), and 23.72% in sentences in the text (N=156). The fewest narrations were criticisms and demands to the Netherlands of 2.04% for title analysis. The next least narrative is patriotism with a score of 5.43% for topic analysis and 6.41% for sentences in the text. Conclusion:The role of newspapers in the struggle for independence in North Sumatra is evidenced by the findings of 107 articles in 13 newspapersin seven forms of struggle narratives.

Perkembangan Kota Tua Modern Jambi Di Bawah Keresidenan Kolonial Belanda(1906-1942) Sebagai Bahan Ajar SMA N 1 Muaro Jambi

After the Jambi Sultanate fell in 1906, the area around the city of Muaro Tembesi was ruled by the Dutch. After this period of time, Muaro Tembesi continued to develop until today. As the former center of the Dutch government, Muaro Tembesi is now famous as the site of various Dutch-made historical buildings. The aim of this research is to find out when and why Dutch colonialism and imperialism played an important role in the growth of the contemporary metropolitan city of Muaro Tembesi. The research method uses a qualitative and descriptive approach. The research results confirm that the modern city of the Dutch era, namely Muaro Tembesi, can be used as a case study of Indonesian history and an elective subject related to history. So students can learn more about local history and contribute to its preservation by studying the Dutch heritage left behind in Muaro Tembesi today. This can also foster a greater sense of patriotism and pride that students have towards their country

The Implications of Ajengan Ruhiat's Thought and Contributions in the Network of Intellectual Scholars in West Java

This research endeavors to scrutinize the persona, ideologies, and pivotal role of KH. Ruhiat in shaping the intellectual ulama network within the West Java region. Furthermore, it delves into the intricate nexus with the Cipasung Islamic Boarding School, situated in Tasikmalaya, which was founded by KH. Ruhiat. This institution has endured over time, generating a cadre of ulama figures who have made substantial contributions to the dissemination and expansion of KH. Ruhiat’s intellectual legacy. Employing a historical and qualitative framework, this study undertakes the comprehensive exploration of the profound influence and presence of ulama figures, most notably KH. Ruhiat, in the establishment of the ulama network within West Java. Methodologically, the research adopts a case study approach, focusing on the profiling of a prominent ulama figure in West Java. Data collection methods encompass meticulous documentation, astute observation, and in-depth interviews. The findings of this investigation underscore the pivotal role played by KH. Ruhiat in the resistance against Dutch colonialism and in catalyzing nationalistic consciousness among the populace. His endeavors in education and religious advocacy effectively galvanized the community towards the pursuit of Indonesian independence. Notably, KH. Ruhiat assumed a pivotal position in the formation of the ulama-intellectual network in West Java, particularly at the Cipasung Islamic Boarding School. This network was meticulously constructed through genealogical lines of descent, marriage alliances, and scholarly transmission. The architectural framework of the core and satellite boarding schools emerged as instrumental components in the establishment of this extensive network. Furthermore, matrimonial unions among the progeny of ulama, accomplished senior santri, and individuals possessing scholarly acumen emerged as efficacious mechanisms for the consolidation of the ulama-intellectual network

“The Best Place to Help the Panthers Is at Home”: Dutch Black Panther Solidarity in Pursuit of a Revolution

In 1969, a group of activists in the Netherlands formed the Solidariteitscomité met de Black Panthers, or Black Panther Solidarity Committee, intended to support the Black Panther Party through a platform of public education, fund-raising, and political protest. Their efforts were part of a broader campaign for European solidarity launched by the African Americans themselves earlier that year. This article is the first to explore how Dutch activists understood their transatlantic partnership with the Black Panthers, arguing that their solidarity served not only to support the party but also to challenge American imperialism and Dutch colonialism in new ways.

The Existence of Indonesian Peasants in Three Eras: Dutch Colonialism, Japanese Colonialism, and The Independence

This article discusses the existence of peasants during three eras with different powers. During the Dutch and the Japanese colonialism, it can be said that peasant is a profession that must be avoided because it will become an object of exploitation by those in power. During Dutch rule in Indonesia, the policies that exploited peasants were ‘culturstelseel’ (the forced planting system) and the 1870 Agrarian Law. These two policies made peasants even more impoverished, the lands that formerly owned peasants were forcibly taken away to plant commodities that were in demand on the world market and the profits went into their pockets ruler. During the Japanese colonialism, an obligation to produce rice made peasants increasingly tormented because they had to pursue predetermined targets. During The independence, the peasants were embraced by political parties until they were transformed into mass organizations. Although there has been some progress in the national agrarian political agenda, differences in ideology and interests have resulted in conflicts and struggles between peasant mass organizations, and even with civil society.

The Influence of Railroad Transportation during the Dutch Colonial Era (1897-1942) on the Spatial Structure of Cirebon, Indonesia

The Influence of Railroad Transportation during the Dutch Colonial Era (1897-1942) on the Spatial Structure of Cirebon, Indonesia

VISI KEBANGSAAN DALAM PRAKTIK PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MUHAMMADIYAH DI ERA KOLONIAL

This study aims to determine the vision of nationality in the educational practice at Muhammadiyah schools especially in 1912-1923. To answer the research objectives in this article, the authors tracked relevant library sources, both from journal articles, book research results, and other document sources. The results of this study indicate that although Muhammadiyah, which was founded by Ahmad Dahlan, focuses its struggle on the educational aspect, the political aspect of nationalism cannot be completely removed. The national struggle in the form of resistance to the Dutch colonialists carried out by Ahmad Dahlan can be traced in the practice of the school he founded. First, Muhammadiyah schools teach religion other than general science, this is contrary to the religious neutrality of the Dutch government's education style. Second, the purpose of Muhammadiyah education is to produce ulama who have religious and scientific understanding, in contrast to the colonial government's education which was solely to prepare employees. Third, the Muhammadiyah education curriculum is intended to produce future cadres who are able to solve the problems and problems of the community, especially the fate of the people in the colonized country.

Meneropong Morfologi Kota Pekanbaru pada Era Kolonial Belanda (1919-1942)

This study discusses the morphology changes of Pekanbaru City during the two decades of the Dutch colonial era (1919-1942). This study had used historical research methods with a city morphology perspective. The stages had been heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. During that time, Pekanbaru had been developed by the Dutch Colonial Government as an administrative center and trading center. In order to develop that function, the Dutch Colonial Government had built a rubber plantation as a trading commodity at the Pekanbaru Port, which was on the banks of the Siak River. They had also built infrastructure, educational, medical, recreation facilities, etc., so that this city had become attractive to urbanites, resulting in an increase in population. Therefore, a new area of the city had been built to the south so that a morphological transformation had occurred in that city. Thus, in 1919-1942, Pekanbaru had become the administrative center and trade center to support the surrounding plantations.

Postcolonial Trace in the Translation of Bumi Manusia

Abstract. Bumi Manusia as a postcolonial novel became a vehicle for Toer to articulate his national identity as Indonesian during the Dutch colonialism. Its translation into This Earth of Mankind posts two questions of whether or not power relations are brought in the translation and how the translator represents Indonesian culture in English. In order to answer the two, postcolonial translation approach was employed. This research is qualitative for it aims at analyzing the text. Seven data were selected based on two indicators representing the most relation between the colonized and colonizer or postcoloniality of the Dutch East Indies and were analyzed employing Baker’s translation strategies. The findings reveal that there are unequal relations between the source language (Indonesian) and the target language (English). In This Earth of Mankind, the translator does not show Indonesian cultural representation. There are great loss of information, omission, biased information, and great loss of impactful meaning of the source language in the target language that create another colonial domain and leave colonial trace in the target language.Keywords: Postcolonial Translation, Bumi Manusia, Postcolonialism, Colonialism, Power Relations

Snouck Hurgronje and the Tradition of Orientalism in Indonesia

This article aims to reveal and analyze the works and thoughts of Snouck Hurgronje's orientalism in Indonesia. Hurgronje was the most influential orientalist in formulating the Dutch Colonialism policy in Indonesia. Unlike most orientalists who only studied Islam through literature studies, Hurgroje also penetrated directly into the Muslim community and mingled with them, he even managed to infiltrate Muslim intellectuals by pretending to convert to Islam. This research is a qualitative study that uses literature to collect data from books, journals, and other documents related to Hurgronje's thoughts. This research found that there is a deep relationship between orientalism and colonialism as seen in Hurgronje's works. Among his most phenomenal orientalist thoughts is his thesis that the Hajj ritual in Islam is a pagan legacy. Hurgronje also made a strategic move in the Aceh War by advising the Dutch East Indies government to separate religion and politics (secularization). According to Hurgronje, if Islam was integrated with politics, it would encourage people's resistance, which was dangerous for the Dutch. In addition, Hurgronje also developed the Receptie theory which aims to dwarf Islamic law and uphold traditional law to clash the two.