Dust Powder Research Articles

Efficacy of Dust and Wettable Powder Formulation of Diatomaceous Earth (Detech®) in the Control of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acari: Acaridae).

Simple SummaryAcaricidal efficacy of two Turkish diatomaceous earth (DE) formulations (Detech® WP95 and Detech® Dust) were applied on a concrete surface at five different concentrations at 25 ± 1 °C and 75 ± 5% RH. Mite mortalities were observed after 6- and 18-hour exposure periods dust and WP formulations, respectively. In conclusion, our laboratory tests indicated that both WP and dust formulations of local diatomaceous earth can cause 100% mortality in 24 h on average and can be a promising alternative to conventional chemical acaricides.Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acari: Acaridae) is a cosmopolite mite species commonly in found food and stored products. In this study, the acaricidal activity of two Turkish diatomaceous earth (DE) formulations (Detech® WP95 and Detech® Dust) were applied on a concrete surface at five different concentrations (1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 g/m2) and dead individuals were counted at 11 different time intervals (1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 h) at a temperature of 25 ± 1 °C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity (RH). Mite mortalities were observed after 6- and 18-hour exposure periods at all concentrations of dust and wettable powder (WP) formulations, respectively. Specifically, 100% mortality for the WP formulation was achieved at the highest concentration of 10 g/m2 after 15 h of exposure and after 27 h and 30 h for the lowest concentration. In the case of dust formulation, mortalities were observed after 3 h of exposure at all concentrations except at 1 g/m2, while a 100% mortality rate was achieved after 21 h of exposure to all concentrations and after 18 h of exposure for 7.5 g/m2 and 10 g/m2. This study indicates that both WP and dust formulations of local diatomaceous earth can cause 100% mortality in 24 h on average and can be a promising alternative to conventional chemical acaricides.

Study on competitive adhesion of coal dust on water droplet

Using the molecular dynamics simulation, we explored the interaction of water and montmorillonite/graphite at a microcosmic level. Due to the interaction between the oxygen atom at the montmorillonite (001) surface with the hydrogen atom in the water molecule, the distance between the water molecule with the montmorillonite surface was calculated to be 3.05 Å while that with the graphite surface was 3.57 Å, indicating that montmorillonite was more easily wetted than graphite. We studied the wetting behavior of coal dust particles and the adhesion behavior between dust powder with water droplets via a high-speed motion acquisition system. The coal dust powder was found to be slowly wetted until a gangue proportion of 40% above which the dust powder was wetted so rapidly. Furthermore, the wrap angle of dust powder at the droplet surface decreased as the gangue proportion increased. The competitive adhesion behavior was revealed that the pre-adhered hydrophobic particles prevented the later particles while the pre-adhered hydrophilic particles did not. The smaller experimental wrap angle as compared to the calculated values proved that the competitive behavior did occur during the coal dust adhesion process. Our results could provide valuable insight into the development of technology for coal dust removal.

Relationship between the physicochemical and electrostatic charge characteristics of filler materials on the morphological and adhesive Pull-Off tensile strength of asphalt mastics

• This paper assesses the viability of using mineral fillers from industrial by-products. • Lime kiln dust and dolomite powder were studied and compared to cement powder. • Changes in asphalt binder phases occur as a result of asphalt-filler interactions. • The pH conditions dictate mastics adhesive tendencies due to electrostatic ionic exchange. • Thus, impacting pull-off strengths within asphalt-aggregate interfaces. The influence of filler particle mineralogy, pH and electrostatic charge on the adhesive tensile strength and morphological structure of asphalt mastic composites were assessed in this study. Three different fillers i.e., dolomite powder (DP), lime kiln dust (LKD), and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) together with a conventional PEN 60/70 binder were used for the asphalt mastic preparation. The mastics were mixed at dosages of (0.4, 0.8, and 1.2) filler to binder concentration (F/B) by volume as per the dust to binder specifications of Superpave mix designs. OPC mastic was utilised as the control mastic sample for all conducted tests, while the DP and LKD mastics were tested as sustainable alternatives to the OPC. The impact of filler inclusions in asphalt liquid phases was investigated via optical microscope assessments. Similarly, physicochemical tests of the elemental and mineralogical composition of each filler were accounted for using x-ray diffraction tests. The surface charge characteristics of each test filler was analysed relative to its mastic pH conditions through the application of zeta potential tests. Adhesive pull-off tensile strengths of the mastics on granite and limestone interfaces were also assessed for both dry and moisture conditions. The incorporation of fillers in asphalt binders highlighted the effect of filler reactivity and inert tendency on binders’ morphological phase modification wherein the OPC and LKD were reactive with the asphaltene while the DP was less reactive and inert. Results obtained from both the x-ray diffraction and zeta potential tests also infer the calcium based OPC and LKD to exhibit better surface ionic attraction compatibility with the PEN 60/70 binder than the DP at high F/B. Meanwhile, the relationship between the filler surface charge and mastic pH condition was observed to be significant and reliant upon the mastics adhesive pull-off tensile characteristics.

Strength Properties of Concrete Having Marble Dust Powder, Calcium Hydroxide and Sodium Silicate

Marble dust powder is a by product of the marble industry, which produces it. Environmental contamination occurs when marble dust powder is thrown away. Concrete using MDP was tested for strength after it was mixed in as a cement substitute to see how well it held up. It is possible to replace up to 10% of concrete with MDP and still have the same degree of strength. Higher amounts of replacement (20%, 30%, 40%, 50%) result in lower compressive strength. Compressive strength of marble dust concrete may be increased by 30 percent by adding calcium hydroxide (C) and sodium silicate (S). Tensile strength is little impacted by MDP. When MDP is added, the flexural strength decreases significantly.

Fabrication, characterization, and selection using FAHP‐TOPSIS technique of zirconia, titanium oxide, and marble dust powder filled dental restorative composite materials

AbstractThe article aimed to develop and characterize the nano‐micro ceramic particle‐filled polymer‐based composite as dental materials. The current study also deals with the ranking of dental composites using a hybrid fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP)‐fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (FTOPSIS) methodology. Dental composites were fabricated from resin matrix and ceramic particulates. Two different series were fabricated. Zirconia, titanium oxide, and marble dust powder were used as ceramic particles in the dental composite. Bis‐GMA, TEGDMA, CQ, and DMAEMA were employed for the resin matrix of dental composite. The physical and mechanical properties were investigated for both dental formulations. The maximum and minimum compressive strengths were recorded in DM‐6 (321 MPa) and DT‐0 (190 MPa). Polymerization shrinkage was gradually decreased in both hybrid nZr‐TiO2 and hybrid nZr‐MDP formulations. The FTOPSIS was used to determine the rank of alternatives as DT‐6 > DM‐6 > DM‐4 > DT‐4 > DM‐2 > DM‐0 > DT‐0 > DT‐2.

On chemical assisted blending of secondary recycled ABS with bakelite and wood dust for fused filament fabrication

ABSTRACT In past decades, several studies have been reported on the fabrication of thermoplastic matrix-based filaments by mechanical blending with a twin-screw extruder (TSE) for 3D printing applications. But hitherto little has been reported on the chemical-assisted mechanical blending of secondary (2°) recycled acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) matrix with reinforcement of wood dust (WD) and bakelite powder (BP) for non-structural engineering applications. This study demonstrates the influence of TSE processing parameters on various properties (mechanical, rheological, and thermal) of composite filaments prepared by reinforcing WD and BP in a 2° recycled ABS matrix with the assistance of a chemical (acetone) as a novel fabrication technique. It was observed that chemical blending of reinforcements in ABS resulted in improved mechanical properties as compared to mechanical blending, however, the heat-carrying capacity of filaments with chemical assisted blending was degraded. The enhanced peak strength (PS) along with percentage break elongation (%BE) of ABS+BP-based composite filament was observed at 10 kg (load), 245°C (temperature) and 70 rpm (speed) with the corresponding values of PS and %BE as (30.93 MPa, 5.43%), respectively. The input parameters (10 kg, 225°C, 70 rpm) displayed optimum PS and %BE (35.72 MPa, 6.87%), respectively, for ABS+WD-based composite filaments.

Utilization of waste marble powder as sustainable stabilization materials for subgrade layer

In geotechnical engineering, the practice of modifying the properties of weak soils with waste marble materials has become increasingly essential. The impact of this waste material on the soil properties has received a lot of attention in recent years. The purpose of this research is to investigate how marble dust powder affects the performance of subgrade soil. Different percentages of marble dust (MD) (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15) were employed. Particle size distribution, maximum dry density, optimal moisture content, and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) were all determined by laboratory testing. The study found that adding 3% marble dust to untreated soil produces the best outcomes when compared to other percentages of marble dust. The collected findings indicated that at 3% MD, the greatest value of UCS is attained. The findings revealed that adding marble dust to clay samples will lower the cost of erecting structures on poor soils, and that producing new uses for discarded marble dust will minimize pollution. For pavement application under applied traffic loading of pavement, simulation model using PLAXIS software ver. 8.2 was analyzed. It was concluded that a reduction in the vertical displacement (rutting) for flexible pavement by about (55.3%) could be obtained when the subgrade soil was stabilized with (3%) waste marble dust. Also the vertical compressive strains at top of the subgrade for flexible pavement were reduced by (38%).

Performance evaluation of coal dust and wood powder ash as alternates of conventional filler in the asphalt concrete

Mineral fillers provide a significant role in the Marshall properties of hot mix asphalt for paving applications. The article's goal is to assess the suitability and effectiveness of two minerals (coal dust and wood powder ash) used as fillers in asphalt concrete. Chemical composition test using X-ray fluorescence indicated a high content of SiO2, Fe2O3, and Al2O3, which encouraged us to select the coal dust and wood powder ash as mineral fillers for further investigation. A total of 90 cylindrical Marshall Specimens, made with different percentages (i.e., 4%-8%) of coal dust, wood powder ash, and conventional stone dust filler were prepared to assess the performance of individual filler within the asphalt concrete mix. And after that, volumetric characteristics such as density, stability-flow test, air void, and voids in mineral aggregates have been analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of every sample and, afterward, to find out the optimum asphalt content. Finally, the optimum asphalt content for every filler material was ascertained, and subsequently, Marshall properties were checked again to assess the optimum filler content in the mix that satisfy all the standard criteria. The overall Marshall properties for both fillers were within the acceptable limits. Though the optimum asphalt content was higher for coal dust than wood powder ash and stone dust, the wood powder ash showed better durability than coal dust. All mixtures have been found to have better resistance to deformation, fatigue, and moisture-induced damages; however, 4% coal dust and 6% wood powder ash satisfied most of the Marshall criteria than other percentages.

Eco-friendly filtration of Nickel from the Sludge during Electrochemical MachiningofMonel400Alloys

<p>Electrochemical Machiningplayed a vital role in the aircraft, atomic, and healthcare industries via electrochemical machining (ECM). Even with difficult-to-machine materials. ECM has generally preferred to machine Nickel-based alloys compared to other non-conventional and conventional machining tools. During machining with ECM, the Nickel-based alloys discharge toxic nickel hydroxides in sludge, which is very harmful to the environment. Therefore, in this work, investigations have been made to analyze the amount of nickel content discharges into the electrolyte and develop an eco-friendly filtering mechanism for nickel discharges to attain sustainable manufacturing. Bio-degradable coconut shell powder and wood dust powder were used in the filtration setup to filter the sludge. Thus, Eco-Friendly Electrochemical Machining (EECM) was developed and investigated the machining on Monel 400 alloys. Measurements including applied voltage (V), flow rate (U), and electrolyte concentration were commonly used to compare the amount of material removalrate (MRR) and the amount of nickel in the electrolyte before and after filtering. The contour plots were designed to show the impact of cycle boundaries on nickel particle releases and their collaboration. Researchers found that natural environmental debris, including coconut shell powder, wood dust powder, and bagasse, were excellent at filtering out nickel levels from the electrolyte.</p>

Management of solid waste marble powder: improving quality of sodium chloride obtained from sulphate-rich lake/subsoil brines with simultaneous recovery of high-purity gypsum and magnesium carbonate hydrate.

Marble industry worldwide produces large amount of non-degradable marble dust powder (MDP) waste during mining and processing stages. MDP mainly comprises of CaCO3 with small amounts of Mg, Fe or Si in various forms. In India, mainly in Rajasthan state, marble is quarried in huge amounts and MDP thus produced is collected improperly and dumped at any abandoned land or identified disposal sites. On the other hand, the composition of sub soil/lake brines of Rajasthan is typical in nature as it does not have much Ca2+ and Mg2+ impurities but contains higher levels of SO42-. Therefore, the common salt (NaCl) produced from such brines is contaminated with Na2SO4 (8-30 wt%) depending upon SO42- concentration in the brine. Such a salt produced is suitable neither for edible purpose nor for industrial usage. Herein, we have reacted MDP with HCl, and the resulting solution (CaCl2 and MgCl2 slurry) is used in stoichiometric ratio of Ca2+ to SO42- in brines to produce high-purity NaCl and gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) via fractional crystallization. Remaining magnesium-containing solution was reacted with Na2CO3 to prepare high purity magnesium carbonate hydrate. Purity of crystallized NaCl, CaSO4·2H2O and MgCO3·6H2O has been ascertained through analytical and spectral methods (TGA, FTIR, P-XRD). Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to elucidate morphology of crystals. The method reported for improving purity of NaCl along with CaSO4·2H2O and MgCO3·6H2O production from sulphate-rich brines is simple and economic, and allows management of MDP generated in huge amounts, which poses problems of disposal.

An Experiment and Study of M30 Grade of Concrete by Partially Replacing Fine Aggregate with Marble Dust Powder and Phosphogypsum in Rigid Pavement

Abstract: The Project is to study about M30 grade of concrete by adding waste materials. Marble dust powder and phosphogypsum which is easily available marble which are standard among the most imperative materials, utilized as a part of the development business. Marble dust is a waste material from the construction site is mixed with concrete as a replacement material. Marble dust powder is acquired from sawing and moulding of marble rock. Phosphogypsum is produced as an outgrowth of the production of fertilizer from phosphate rock. There is a high gypsum content and gypsum is a widely used material in constructions. It is weakly radioactive in nature because it is a by-product of phosphate fertilizers. In the M30 grade of concrete fine aggregate is partially replaced by marble dust powder and phosphosgypsum in some proportions. The fine aggregate is replaced by 10%, 20% and 30% in which marble dust powder and phosphogypsum and are added in an equal proportion. Keywords: Marble dust powder, phosphogypsum, grade of concrete, rigid pavement, green concrete.

Evaluation of combined utilization of marble dust powder and fly ash on the properties and sustainability of high-strength concrete.

With the recent increase in demand for high-strength concrete, higher cement content is utilized, which has increased the need for cement. The cement industry is one of the most energy-consuming sectors globally, contributing to 10% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) gas emissions and global warming. Similarly, with rapid urbanization and industrialization, a vast number of by-products and waste materials are being generated in abundance, which causes environmental and health issues. Focusing on these two issues, this study aimed to develop an M50-grade eco-friendly high-strength concrete incorporating waste materials likemarble dust powder (MDP) and fly ash (FA) as partial cement replacement. 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% MDP and FA by weight of total binder was utilized combinedly, such that the 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% cement content was replaced, respectively. The fresh state properties in terms of workability and hardened state properties in terms of compressive and flexural strengths were evaluated at 7, 14, 28, 56, and 90days. Furthermore, to assess the environmental impact of MDP and FA, the embodied carbon and eco-strength efficiency were calculated. Based upon the results, it was observed that acombined 10% (5% MDP and 5% FA) achieved the highest strength; however, 15% (7.5% MDP and 7.5% FA) substitution could be optimal. Furthermore, the combined utilization of FA and MDP also enabled a reduction in the total embodied carbon. It decreased the cost of concrete, resulting in an eco-friendly, high-strength concrete.

Review of Plasma Technologies for Contribution of Environmental Purification

Since the beginning of the 20th century, plasma technology has been used in a variety of fields. In the 1980s, R&D related to arc plasma welding and waste disposal, as well as etching, painting, and gas removal equipment that used plasma technology in the processes associated with semiconductor manufacturing. In the 1990s, research on removing air pollutants using atmospheric pressure plasma technology became active. In the 2000s, research on the application of thermal/non-thermal plasma technology to air pollution, waste and water treatment became active. Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) can remove a wide variety of particles such as soot from thermal power plants, coal, and oil mist, resin powder, glass powder, dust, and iron powder generated from incinerators, boilers, and various manufacturing plants. Waste treatment aims to reduce the volume of garbage, recycle incinerated materials, and utilize waste heat from incineration, and plasma technology is used in each process. Various techniques have been used for making purified water. Water quality requirements vary according to the objective. Plasma technology uses an electrical field to encourage seed germination and growth. Due to the spread of such applied technology, plasma technology has attracted attention again in recent years.

Experimental investigations on tensile and flexural properties of epoxy resin matrix waste marble dust and tamarind shell particles reinforced bio-composites

A great gain has been made in recent years in the creation of hybrid bio-composites by combining different natural resources as reinforcement and filler elements. The waste marble dust particles and tamarind shell powder particles were additional to the epoxy resin matrix in this experiment to study the tensile and flexural characteristics of the epoxy resin matrix. Tamarind shell powder and waste marble dust particles are used as reinforcing materials. To create hybrid bio-composite specimens, researchers varied the reinforcement material weight percentages while maintaining the epoxy resin weight percentage as constant. Hot injection moulding was used to create hybrid biocomposites boards. The hybrid bio-composite specimens for tensile and flexural tests are cut away from the hybrid bio-composite boards using the water jet machining method as per ASTM specifications. Research shows that adding small amounts of fine waste marble dust particles and tamarind shell powder to an epoxy resin matrix enhances the hybrid bio-composites' tensile and flexural capabilities significantly. The maximum tensile strength, yield strength, elongation percentage, flexural strength and flexural modulus of 34.63 MPa, 32.81 MPa, 3.3 %, 36.17 and 38.53 MPa were obtained from 35 wt% tamarind shell powder and 15 wt% waste marble dust powder composite specimens (C4 Composites) correspondingly.

Experimental investigations on mechanical and wear behavior of waste marble dust and coconut fiber reinforced hybrid bio composites

Polymer composites including natural fibre and waste particulate filler have been increasingly popular in recent decades because of their environmental friendliness, biodegradability, and lower cost. So the current research is focused on generating, characterising, and evaluating the dry sliding wear response of hybrid composites containing epoxy resin matrix and marble dust (industrial/construction waste) with coconut fibres as reinforcement. The epoxy composites were prepared by using waste marble dust powder (filler) at varied percentages (4, 8, 12, and 16 wt%) and varying quantities of coconut fibre (reinforcement). The test specimens were cut in accordance with ASTM criteria for composite samples prepared by hand lay-up. According to the ASTM G99-05, a disc method with a 3 m/s velocity and loads of 5, 10, 15, and 20 N is used to conduct dry sliding wear experiments on the composite samples. Filled composites have a lower wear rate than those that aren't filled, however adding more filler than 12 wt% increases wear marginally. Analysis of test outcomes suggests that wear rate is significantly affected by filler content in the composite, followed by load. The composite with 12 % waste marble dust and 16 % coconut fibre volume fraction had the highest tensile, flexural and impact strength of 34.27 MPa, 37.23 MPa and 16.32 kJ/m2 correspondingly.

Factorial design modelling of cement grout containing dolomitic quarry dust powder

Aggregate processing in quarries results in huge amount of waste materials and dust. These pose a growing threat to the environment and urge more sustainable management and practices. A very promising way to use the quarry waste and dust is to be incorporated as a filler in cement and concrete composites such as cement grout and self-compacting concrete. This paper examines and models the influence of key parameters including quarry dust (QD) content on the properties of fresh and hardened Portland cement-based grouts. A full factorial design was carried out to mathematically model the spread, flowability, cohesion and compressive strength of grouts containing dolomitic quarry dust. The parameters considered in this study were water-to-binder (w/b) ratio, QD content as percentage of total mass of dry powder, and dosage of superplasticiser (SP). The w/b ratio varied between 0.3 and 0.4, while the QD content and SP dosage were in the range of 0–20% and 0.4–1%, respectively. Additionally, the effect of incorporating QD into the grout on the reaction kinetics was studied. The main findings showed that the grout spread and flowability improved by increasing all the factors. However, an interaction effect between w/b and SP dosage led to loss of the spread and flowability of the grout. The cohesion of the grout followed a similar trend with an additional interaction effect of QD content and SP dosage. The effect of the studied parameters on compressive strength was found to be dependent on the age of the testing. The derived models are helpful to optimise the mix proportions for a specific set of criteria.

Optimizing the Application of Recycled Dust Powder in 3d Concrete Printing Materials Through Particle Densely Packing Theory

Optimizing the Application of Recycled Dust Powder in 3d Concrete Printing Materials Through Particle Densely Packing Theory

Self - compacting concrete made with partial replacement of lime stone and quarry dust powder

Self - compacting concrete made with partial replacement of lime stone and quarry dust powder

Removal of Eosin Y Dye using Activated Carbons from Modified Wood Dust Powder of Dalbergia sisoo

An agro-waste/wood-dust of Dalbergia sisoo (Sisau)derived activated carbons have been applied as a potential adsorbent to remove anionic dye “Eosin Y” from aqueous solution. The activated carbons were synthesized by carbonization technique. The chemical activation was done by impregnating with three different impregnating agents, i.e. acid, base and salt, namely phosphoric acid (H3PO4) , potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The prepared activated carbons were characterized by various instrumental techniques like TGA/DSC, XRD, Raman, FTIR, SEM and BET. The BET analysis gave the evidence of micropores and mesopores in the samples. The H3PO4 activated carbon sample revealed higher surface area than KOH and Na2CO3 activated samples. The amorphous nature of the sample was observed on the basis of XRD and Raman spectroscopy technique. The adsorption of dye was performed by varying the dye concentration, pH and sample dose. The maximum percent of dye removal by H3PO4 activated carbon (Dal-A) for Eosin Y was found to be 99.9 % at an aqueous solution of 20ppm, pH 3.5, adsorbent dose of 30 mg and 5 min of time as compared to KOH and Na2CO3 activated carbons; Dal-B and Dal-C respectively. This study proved to be highly successful in addressing the local problem of wastewater pollution of garment and textile industrial effluents using locally available wood dust of Dalbergia sisoo. Acidic pH environment was found to be more conducive in the removal of Eosin Y dye.

Evaluating the properties of cellular ceramics prepared with a granite dust and plantain (Musa paradisiaca) peel powder for external wall thermal insulation of buildings

The viability of preparing cellular ceramics suitable for external wall insulation of buildings was investigated using granite dust, ball clay, plantain peels, sodium silicate, and sodium hydroxide. The predetermined compositions of the raw materials were mixed homogeneously and then subjected to uniaxial pressing at 10 MPa. The formulated samples were oven-dried and sintered in a gas kiln at 850 °C for 3 h. The obtained cellular ceramics were then subjected to standard property tests. The results revealed water absorption of 19.5-41.7%, bulk density of 1.39-1.86 g/cm3, apparent porosity of 36.4-66.7%, thermal conductivity of 0.09-0.62 W/(m.K), and compressive strength of 0.9-18.4 MPa. From the results, the optimum sample of the cellular ceramics prepared is a potential thermal insulation material for load-bearing applications such as walling systems in buildings, where not only low thermal conductivity but also high mechanical strength is required.