Dual Band-notched Characteristics Research Articles

Dual-Notched UWB Orthogonal MIMO Antenna with Improved Gain Characteristics Using Frequency Selective Surfaces for Wireless Communication Applications

In this paper, a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) loaded compact CPW-fed circular shaped monopole UWB antenna with dual band notch characteristics is designed on an FR-4 substrate. The propounded band-notched UWB antenna is integrated with two frequency selective surface layers referred as bandpass frequency selective surface (FSS-1) and reflector (FSS-2) to offer enhanced radiation performance. Bandpass FSS-1 enhances the gain of the antenna by improving directivity and reflector FSS-2 reflects back the backside radiation of the proposed antenna towards the forward direction thereby increasing gain and directivity of the proposed antenna. Furthermore, a two-element orthogonal MIMO antenna is proposed with improved gain using two FSS layers. The complete configuration of the proposed two-element MIMO antenna consists of CSRR-based radiating patches, monopole ground planes and two integrated FSS layers. The proposed MIMO antenna operates in UWB range from 3.46[Formula: see text]GHz to 16.02[Formula: see text]GHz with dual notches at 3.9[Formula: see text]GHz and 7.2[Formula: see text]GHz. Isolation between MIMO elements is greater than 23 dB. Both antennas are fabricated and investigated at 5.9[Formula: see text]GHz for vehicular communications. Maximum gain improvements of 8 dB and 6.4 dB are observed in case of the presented single element and MIMO antenna within the entire operating band due to the integration of dual FSS layers. The diversity performance of the suggested MIMO antenna is investigated by analyzing mean effective gain, envelope correlation coefficient, channel capacity loss and diversity gain parameters. The proposed MIMO antenna is a suitable candidate for vehicular and UWB wireless communication applications.

Compact ACS-fed MIMO antenna with dual-band notch characteristics for UWB applications

Abstract An ultra-wideband (UWB) and compact-size four-port multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with a footprint of 34 mm × 34 mm fed by an asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS) is investigated. The proposed antenna is composed of four orthogonally placed identical modified elliptical-shaped radiators and achieves an impedance bandwidth of 3.4–12.2 GHz. By etching two inverted L-shaped slots in the radiator element, WLAN band and X-band are rejected in the operating communication range. Because of the usage of a meander line decoupler, the isolation enhancement at the 8–12 GHz band is achieved and the isolation is more than 18 dB for most of the UWB range. The performance of the proposed antenna is studied in terms of isolation between each port, radiation pattern, current distribution, gain, envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, and total active reflection coefficient. The compact size and reduced complexity make the proposed design highly suitable for portable devices.

The Design and Investigation of a Super Wideband Antenna with Dual-Band Notch Characteristics for MIMO Application

A printed monopole super wideband (SWB) antenna is presented in this paper. It consists of a beveled-shaped radiator and a tapered ground plane. It is investigated that tapering of the radiator and ground plane enhances the impedance matching and results in broad impedance bandwidth. The experimental result depicts that the antenna achieved 164.9% impedance bandwidth from 2.6 to 27.27 GHz. Furthermore, to prevent the interference caused by communication systems within the ultra-wideband (UWB) range, dual-band rejection at Wi-MAX (2.7–4 GHz). and X-band (8.5–12 GHz) are introduced by etching an H-shape and two back-to-back C-shaped notches in the radiator and feedline, respectively. The measured result demonstrates that both slots effectively reject the desired frequency bands with a small shift in the lower frequency edge from 2.41 to 2.6 GHz. In addition, the proposed antenna application is shown in the two elements MIMO system where a bowtie decoupling structure is utilized to improve the isolation. It is found that the presence of a decoupling structure improves the isolation by up to 60%. To characterize the diversity performance, parameters such as Diversity Gain (DG), Envelop Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Channel Capacity Loss (CCL), and Mean Effective Gain (MEG) are calculated and all are found in the acceptable limit.

An Elliptical-Shaped Dual-Band UWB Notch Antenna for Wireless Applications

This paper discusses an elliptical ultrawideband (UWB) antenna and a dual-band UWB notch antenna. To achieve a UWB bandwidth, two corner cuts are etched into the rectangular slot on the partial ground plane. An inverted-U-shaped and conductor-shaped resonator are utilized to achieve dual-band notch characteristics on a partial ground plane. The suggested antenna has an overall dimension of 24×32 mm2. The suggested UWB antenna has a gain of 4.9 dB, a bandwidth of 2.5–11 GHz, a linear phase response, a group delay of less than 1 ns, and a steady radiation pattern. The suggested UWB notch rejects WLAN and ITU bands from 5.2–5.7 GHz and 7.2–8.5 GHz, respectively, with an impedance bandwidth of 2.5–11 GHz. The UWB notch antenna features a linear phase, a group delay of less than 1 ns, and a stable radiation pattern.

A Multi-slot UWB Monopole Antenna with Dual Band Notch Characteristics

A Multi-slot UWB Monopole Antenna with Dual Band Notch Characteristics

A miniaturized microstrip antenna with tunable double band-notched characteristics for UWB applications

This paper proposes the step-by-step design procedure for obtaining independent dual band-notch performance, which provides a valuable method for designing tunable dual band-notched UWB antenna. The proposed antenna consists of the semicircle ring-like radiating patch with an elliptical-shaped slot and double split ring resonators on the top surface of the substrate and defected ground structure (DGS) on the bottom surface of the substrate. The operating frequencies ranged from 1.3 to 11.6 GHz (S11 < − 10 dB). By loading varactor diodes at the gap of the resonators structure and changing the varactor diode’s reverse bias voltage(0–30 V), a wider band-notched tuning range from 2.47–4.19 to 4.32–5.96 GHz can be achieved, which covers the whole WiMAX band and WLAN band. The experimental results agree well with the simulated results. The notched gain at notched frequency points is about − 5.3 dBi and − 5 dBi, demonstrating that the narrow-band interference signal could be efficiently suppressed. The security of UWB communication systems can be further enhanced. Meanwhile, the selection of varactor diode and DC bias circuit are fully considered. Hence, the accuracy of the experiment results and antenna operating performance have been improved. Furthermore, the proposed antenna only has an electrical size of 0.26λ*0.19λ at 1.3 GHz. Compared to the related reported antennas, the proposed antenna has achieved a simpler structure, low profile, compact size, tunable dual band-notched characteristics, extensive independent tunable range, and good band-notched performance simultaneously, to the best of our knowledge. The proposed antenna is believed to have a valuable prospect in UWB communication, Wireless Body Area Network, Industry Science Medicine, mobile communication applications, etc.

Compact UWB MIMO antenna with dual band-notch characteristics

ABSTRACT This article describes a quad-port ultra-wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with dual-band notch characteristics that is very compact and highly isolated. The compactness and high isolation of this design are achieved by etching a modified Minkowski fractal structure and an inverted L-shaped stub made available by the partial ground plane. Simply by incorporating ‘C’- and ‘U’-shaped slots in the radiating patch, it is possible to obtain dual-band rejection characteristics that are very suitable for wireless local area network band and X-band downlink satellite communication of 5.0–5.9 GHz and 7.1–7.9 GHz, respectively, in this proposed structure. The entire design is housed in a very compact size of 30 mm × 30 mm. A few key parameters, such as channel capacity loss (CCL), envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG) and total active reflection coefficient (TARC), are examined to ensure that the MIMO system meets its requirements. Furthermore, a mutual coupling value of less than −22 dB and an operating frequency band of 3.1–12 GHz allow the design to be very effective in a multipath channel environment.

Dual band‐notched ultra‐wideband antenna with T‐shape stub

An ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with dual band-notched characteristics is proposed in this letter. The fabricated prototype of the proposed antenna has a compact size of 30 × 24 mm which operates at 3 to 14 GHz and attained dual notch-bands at 3.3 to 3.7 GHz and 5.15 to 5.825 GHz. The result shows that the proposed antenna is compact, easy to fabricate and provides good characteristics in radiation patterns and time-domain behaviours. The simulated and measured results displayed good agreement over the entire operating frequency band. The proposed antenna can be used for wideband frequency requirement systems like indoor positioning.

A Compact Triple-Band UWB Inverted Triangular Antenna with Dual-Notch Band Characteristics Using SSRR Metamaterial Structure for Use in Next-Generation Wireless Systems

A compact triple-band operation ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with dual-notch band characteristics is presented in this paper. By inserting three metamaterial (MTM) square split-ring resonators (MTM-SSRRs) and a triangular slot on the radiating patch, the antenna develops measured dual-band rejection at 4.17–5.33 GHz and 6.5–8.9 GHz in the UWB frequency range (3–12 GHz). The proposed antenna offers three frequency bands of operation in the UWB range, which are between 3–4.17 GHz (~1.2 GHz bandwidth), 5.33–6.5 GHz (~1.17 GHz bandwidth), and 8.9–12 GHz (~3.1 GHz bandwidth), respectively. The higher resonating frequency band can be tuned/controlled by varying the width of the triangle slot, while the medium operational band can be controlled by adjusting the width of the SSRR slot. Initially, the simulated S-parameter response, 2D and 3D radiation patterns, gain, and surface current distribution of the proposed UWB inverted triangular antenna has been studied using epoxy glass FR4 substrate having parameters εr = 4.3, h = 1.6 mm, and tan δ = 0.025, respectively. In order to validate the simulation results, the proposed UWB antenna with dual-notch band characteristics is finally fabricated and measured. The fabricated antenna’s return-loss and far-field measurements show good agreement with the simulated results. The proposed antenna achieved the measured gain of 2.3 dBi, 4.9 dBi, and 5.2 dBi at 3.5 GHz, 6.1 GHz, and 9.25 GHz, respectively. Additionally, an in-depth comparative study is performed to analyze the performance of the proposed antenna with existing designs available in the literature. The results show that the proposed antenna is an excellent candidate for fifth-generation (5G) mobile base-stations, next-generation WiFi-6E indoor distributed antenna systems (IDAS), as well as C-band and X-band applications.

A Wrench-Shaped UWB Antenna Yielding Dual Notched Bands for WLAN Application

A wrench-shaped ultrawideband (UWB) antenna with dual notched bands is proposed and investigated. The antenna has a wrench-shaped patch and two T-shaped slots on the ground, realizing the required UWB band. To achieve the dual notched band characteristics in upper and lower wireless local area network (WLAN) bands, an Omega-shaped slot is etched on the feedline and a novel composite right/left-handed electromagnetic bandgap (CRLH-EBG) structure is built on the ground. Measured results present an operating frequency band from 3.04 to 11.4 GHz, with two notched bands of 5.1–5.4 GHz (uplink of WLAN band) and 5.7−5.985.7-5.98 GHz (downlink of WLAN band), respectively. Both measured and simulated results of the proposed antenna are exhibited, promising that the antenna applies to UWB applications and can precisely overcome WLAN interference.

Triple Band Mime Antenna for Modern Commercial Applications

The article presents the analysis and design of MIMO monopoly Antenna along with split ring resonator to get frequency notch characteristic in the wide band. Frequency notch characteristics are achieved by keeping the split ring resonators on one side of the substrate and on the back of the substrate at deficient ground structure a complementary split Ring resonator with respect to microstrip feeding. Between 2.5-9.5GHz and 12.548-20GHz the dual notch band characteristics are acquired. The inspected conformal characteristics of the antenna hold eminent unceasing reflection coefficient characteristics at different angles in the overall band. Analyzed the unit cell of the SRR and also examined the antenna impedance and radiation characteristics of the model.

Design of a Compact Quasi-Self-Complementary UWB-MIMO Antenna with Dual Band-Notched Characteristics for Wireless Communication Applications

ABSTRACT The proposed work contains a quasi-self-complementary (QSC) half-cut flower-shaped ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with dual-band-notch characteristics. The overall size of the antenna is 27 × 39 mm2, which offers impedance bandwidth from 2.67 GHz to 11.7 GHz. The inter-port isolation is more than 15 dB over the FCC defined UWB range of frequencies. A reverse 2-shaped slit is etched off from a flower-shaped patch to reject the interfering WiMAX/C-band (3.28–4.19 GHz), whereas an inverse P-shaped stub is placed near the feed arm a notch at the WLAN band (5.1–6.15 GHz). Further, the performance of the proposed antenna is analysed by comparing the simulated results with the fabricated ones. Moreover, diversity parameters such as envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), channel capacity loss (CLL), mean effective gain (MEG), effective diversity gain (EDG) and total active reflection coefficient (TARC) are computed, which makes the proposed QSC UWB-MIMO antenna a suitable candidate for high-speed wireless applications.

Design of Dual-Band Notched UWB Antenna Loaded with Split Ring Resonators for Wide Band Rejection

ABSTRACT Nowadays, the design of a miniaturised ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with wide dual band-notched characteristics gained widespread demand in wireless communications to reduce interference. The design of a planar CPW-fed circular UWB antenna loaded with split ring resonators and stubs is presented to eliminate two frequency bands. Two symmetrical circular split ring resonators are etched below the CPW feed at the backside of a circular UWB monopole antenna to suppress 3.61 GHz–5.57 GHz (sub-6 GHz band) wideband interference, whereas the 7.06 GHz–8.79 GHz (X-band uplinks and downlinks) band is suppressed by loading two L-shaped stubs. Slots are also made on the patch and ground to enhance impedance matching at a lower resonance frequency. The proposed notch band antenna has a compact size of 38 × 32 × 1.6 mm3 and has the highest gain of 5.75 dB at a frequency of 9 GHz. The parametric analysis has been performed to obtain optimised dimensions for better performance. The designed antenna is simulated, prototyped and tested to validate the antenna design.

A Compact Dual-Band Notched UWB Antenna for Wireless Applications

This article presents the design and analysis of a V-shaped ultrawideband (UWB) antenna and dual-band UWB notch antenna. A rectangular slot is cut into a semicircular partial ground plane of the antenna to achieve ultrawide bandwidth. A U-shape slot is etched on a V-shaped patch that radiates, and an inverted U-shape parasitic resonator is placed beside the feedline to generate dual-band notch characteristics. The overall dimension of the proposed antenna is . The proposed UWB antenna has a gain of 9.8 dB, S11 < −10 dB, impedance bandwidth in the range of 3.4 to 12.3 GHz, response with a linear phase, group delay <1 ns, and stable radiation pattern. The UWB notch antenna shows strong rejection in the WLAN band from 5.15 to 5.8 GHz with a notch at 5.6 GHz and X band from 9.1 to 10.5 GHz with a sharp notch at 9.6 GHz, having a S11 < −10 dB impedance bandwidth ranging from 3.2 to 11.7 GHz. This antenna also exhibits a stable radiation pattern, group delay <1 ns, and linear phase response throughout the bandwidth except at the rejection frequencies.

Sprocket gear wheel shaped printed monopole ultra‐wideband antenna with band notch characteristics: Design and measurement

A compact ultra-wideband (UWB) printed monopole UWB with dual band-notched characteristics has been designed and investigated in this manuscript. The Wi-MAX and wireless local area network (WLAN) band rejection characteristics have been obtained by employing the circular ring and arc-shaped slot along with rectangular slot in radiating patch. Overall size of proposed UWB antenna is 27 × 27 × 1.6 mm3, which consists of sprocket gear wheel shaped structure as a core radiating patch element and excited by using 50 Ω coplanar waveguide feed. The proposed antenna exhibits the UWB frequency spectrum from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz along with Bluetooth frequency range 2.4–2.48 GHz without disturbing overall dimensions of antenna. Proposed antenna reveals the measured VSWR operating bandwidth of 10.0 GHz in the frequency range from 2.0 to 12.0 GHz along with Wi-MAX and WLAN rejected bands. Moreover, proposed antenna adorns the measured gain of −8.28 and − 9.98 dBi at rejected frequency bands, whereas, at other frequencies, it changes between 1.5 and 5.0 dBi. The radiation efficiency of proposed UWB antenna varies from 84% to 97% except rejected frequency bands. Group delay and radiation pattern have also been analyzed and found appropriate for the current UWB applications. Finally, the optimized structure of antenna with dual band rejection characteristics has been fabricated and tested for the authentication of simulated results. Both the results are compared and are found in good agreement with each other.

Design of a co‐planar waveguide‐fed flexible ultra‐wideband ‐ multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna with dual band‐notched characteristics for wireless body area network

In this article, a co-planar waveguide-fed ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input multiple-output flexible antenna with dual band-notched characteristics on liquid crystal polymer substrate with high isolation for wireless body area network application is designed and fabricated. Two fan-shaped monopole UWB antenna elements are designed and placed vertically, with tampered feeder, asymmetrical ground plane and two C-shaped slots on the radiation patch. The measured working bandwidth can reach 2.63–11.6 GHz and the rejection bands are 3.25–4.36 and 5.41–6 GHz. The port isolation (S21) is better than −22 dB. When the bending radius is 35 and 45 mm, the antenna is measured for flexibility. In addition, the antenna is placed on human tissue to test its performance. All the results show that it has good radiation, high isolation and flexibility, and has broad application prospects in the wearable field.

An ultra‐wideband multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna with dual band‐notched characteristics

In this paper, an ultra-wideband multiple-input multiple-output antenna with dual band-notched characteristics is proposed. The radiating element is an octagonal structure using a tapered microstrip line to feed. A multimode resonator is introduced on one side of the microstrip feed line to achieve dual band-notched characteristics, which eliminates the interference of wireless local area network band and X satellite communication frequency band. By using a diamond-shaped defect ground structure and extending a parasitic branch at the centre axis of the ground, the mutual coupling of the antenna is reduced to −20 dB. The proposed antenna has a compact size of 30 × 35 × 0.8 mm3. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The proposed antenna covers 3.1–10.6 GHz with dual notched-band characteristics and the mutual coupling below −20 dB. The antenna has a good diversity performance as the envelope correlation coefficient <0.03. The antenna is suitable for ultra-wideband communications.

Design and packaging of polarization diversity 3D-UWB MIMO antenna with dual band notch characteristics for vehicular communication applications

In this article, the design, fabrication, testing, and packaging of a Substrate Integrated Waveguide(SIW) based polarization diversity 3D eight-port Ultra-Wideband (UWB) MIMO antenna introduced with dual-band notch characteristics for vehicular communication applications. In this proposed UWB MIMO design, we employed a SIW technique to achieve UWB bandwidth with a compact size of 60 × 60 mm3. The SIW based metallic via integrated with L-shaped parasitic slot stub and radiator to notch the WLAN and L-shaped stub connected at the ground plane to notch the X-band. The SIW based radiators are placed in the vertical and horizontal plane to realize the polarization diversity. In addition to providing polarization diversity, the antenna’s direction also contributes a reliable link with communication equipment. The antenna performance metrics such as reflection coefficient(Sii), mutual coupling(Sij), the peak gain, radiation pattern, radiation efficiency, Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Diversity Gain (DG), Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) and Mean Effective Gain(MEG). The proposed 3D antenna performance analyzed when mounted inside the different types of housing. Hence, the proposed polarization diversity antenna is suitable for vehicular communication applications.

A miniaturized UWB antenna with reconfigurable dual band notch characteristics

In this paper, a miniaturized ultrawideband (UWB) antenna with dual reconfigurable band notch characteristics is proposed. Band rejections at 5G (3.3−4.4 GHz)/WiMAX (3.3−3.6 GHz) and WLAN (5.150−5.825 GHz) are obtained by introducing two C-shaped slots on the radiating patch of the antenna. Reconfigurable dual band notch function is achieved by integrating two PIN diodes on the slots. By etching a nested structure of C-shaped slots, an efficient top-cut circular-shaped radiating patch is designed, which realizes a compact size of 18.0 mm×19.5 mm. The proposed antenna operates in 4 states in the case of common interference scenarios. The simulated and experimental results show that the bandwidths of notch bands in single band notch states are 3.2−4.9 GHz and 5.2−6.0 GHz respectively, while the bandwidths of notch bands in dual band notch state are 3.25−4.75 GHz and 5.3−6.1 GHz. The antenna also exhibits a good radiation pattern with a maximum peak gain value of 2.8 dBi. dBi.

Computational Design, Analysis and Characterization of Beetle Shaped High Isolation Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output Reconfigurable Monopole-Antenna with Dual Band Filters for Wireless Applications

In this research article, a beetle shape Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna including dual notched band characteristics are presented for different wireless band applications (UWB, X-Band and Ku Band) which are also experimentally and computationally investigated. A single evoluation antenna is demonstrated which is than converted to MIMO configuration to overcome the demerits when placed in communication channel. The overall volume of the proposed antenna is 25 × 48 × 0.787 mm3 printed on Rogers RT Duroid5870. Dual notched bands are obtained by etching an L-shaped slot on a radiating patch for WiMAX interference and satellite Downlink System interference (DSS) is removed by placing pair of C-shaped parasitic elements near the feed line. The proposed antenna offers measured isolation between two ports less than − 20 dB in entire operating bandwidth (2.57–19.15 GHz). At non-radiating mode, the radiation efficiency of antenna drops down due to the insertion of stop and filters. The wider impedance bandwidth of the antenna suggest that it is not only capable of working in UWB range but also finds applications in X- and Ku-Band applications allocated for Satellite and RADAR. An antenna is also reconfigured using PIN diodes to control each notched bands independently. Proposed MIMO antenna also offers better diversity performance in terms of ECC 9.95 dB, TARC < − 40 dB and CCL < 0.4 b/s/Hz in entire operating bandwidth. The antenna also offers a gain of 3.11–4.92dBi and desired radiation pattern making it a suitable candidate for different wireless applications.