Dual-band Microstrip Patch Antenna Research Articles

Design of High Performance Dual-band Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wi-Fi Applications

Micro strip antennas are low-profile occupies less space and requires less power. A metal patch mounted at a ground level with a di-electric material in-between constitutes a Micro strip or Patch Antenna. In this paper, it is proposed to design a Microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequencies. The primary aim is to create a compact, easily fabricated, and high-performance antenna. It is proposed to incorporate a copper patch with strategically placed slots on an FR-4 substrate, along with a 50Ω microstrip feed line. In this paper, it is proposed to measure the VSWR, Return loss, Directivity and radiation pattern of the proposed antenna. It is proposed to design this antenna using CST Microwave studio software. Top of Form Keywords: Microstrip Patch Antenna, Wi-Fi, Dual-Band, 2.4/5.8 GHz, CST Simulation

A Dual-Band Low SAR Microstrip Patch Antenna with Jean Substrate for WBAN Applications

This paper presents a low-profile dual-band microstrip patch antenna operated at the 2.45/5.8 GHz ISM bands, targeting wireless body area network (WBAN) applications. The proposed antenna is fabricated on a jean substrate measuring 74×82 mm2. The four corners of the conventional rectangular patch are cut to activate an additional operating frequency and to enhance the radiation pattern. The circular slot is added to the radiating patch to fine-tune the desired frequencies. The measured impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands is 3.68% (2.40 GHz–2.49 GHz) and 3.81% (5.67 GHz–5.89 GHz), respectively. The measured maximum gains are 3.08 dBi at 2.45 GHz and 2.15 dBi at 5.8 GHz. Moreover, the antenna’s performance when placed on flat and rounded body surfaces is also investigated. The proposed antenna achieves stable radiation pattern and low specific absorption rate (SAR) value with low complexity in design. The results indicate that the proposed antenna can be a promising candidate for WBAN applications.

EARTHEN LAMP-SHAPED DGS DUAL BAND MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR HIGH RETURN LOSS IN BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION

This study illustrates a dual-band circular and pentagon antenna with dual-band configuration for the high return loss. When an antenna has a greater return loss, less power is reflected toward the transmitter, implying that the antenna and transmission line are better suited. Due to its accessibility, the FR4 substrate is used to replicate the design. With a bandwidth of 150 MHz and 200 MHz, respectively, the antenna's dual-band performance is between 2.32 GHz to 2.47 GHz and 2.9 GHz to 3.1 GHz. The body phantom design in CST Studio is used to test the design's biocompatibility. It is demonstrated by the improved antenna in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band region that it can be utilized for telemetry or medical services.

Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna With Parasitic Elements for 5G Antenna-in-Package Design at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies

Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna With Parasitic Elements for 5G Antenna-in-Package Design at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies

Modified E-Shape Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna with DGS for Wireless Communication

A modified E-shape dual bands rectangular microstrip patch antenna for wireless applications is presented in this paper. An E-slot Microstrip patch antenna with a defective ground structure method has been proposed and getting two bands at 1.9 GHz and 2.89 GHz with S11 -10dB. Defective ground structures provide a maximum gain and low insertion loss i.e., a gain of 3.16 dB, voltage standing wave ratio less than 2, and insertion loss less than -10 dB for both bands. The size of the antenna is 46.83mm x 38.41mm x 1.676mm, which is compact in term of size. The dual band microstrip patch antenna exhibits low cost. The simulation's outcome closely resembles the actual printed antenna and applicable for WiMAX application. The antenna was designed using the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software and printed on FR-4 substrate.

Rectangular Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna with Defected Ground Plane Using CST STUDIO

Abstract: The rectangular dual-band microstrip patch antenna with defected ground plane for wireless communications that operates at 2.4-3.5 GHz. The antenna incorporates a rectangular patch with slot. The dielectric substrate used for antenna is RT Duroid 5880. According to position of etched slot are determined using parametric such as s-parameters and radiation pattern are simulated. The analyses are performed using CST STUDIO SUITE 2019.

Mutual Coupling Reduction of a Dual-Band Four-Port Patch Antenna With Co-Polarized Radiation Pattern by Controlling Electric Fields

In this paper, a novel design approach to decrease the mutual coupling (MC) of a single dual-band four-port microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with a co-polarized radiation pattern is proposed via characteristic mode analysis. Initially, the traditional MPA under mode 1 to mode 4 is theoretically studied. This proves that the four modes maintain a high MC of approximately -2 dB. To address this issue, shorting pins 1 and pins 2 are inserted below the radiator, leading to a more than 12 dB MC reduction between the two ports along the x-axis. After that, the MC between the two ports along the y-axis is deeply studied. This proves that the electric field nulls of the MPA could be moved near unexcited ports and reduce the MC by combining mode 1 with mode 2 (or mode 3 with mode 4). Hence, shorting pins 3 are loaded for mode combination and low MC. In addition, shorting pins 4 are loaded to reshape the radiated fields in the upper band. Moreover, the impedance matching and bandwidth are improved by cutting the ring slots. Finally, a four-port MPA is fabricated and tested. The results show that it has satisfactorily gained a low MC of below -15 dB between the four ports in dual bands. Meanwhile, it holds low-profile, single-layer, single-element, and co-polarized radiation pattern properties.

Design of Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Communication Operating at 28 GHz and 46 GHz

Design of Dual Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Communication Operating at 28 GHz and 46 GHz

A Dual-band T-slot Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Communication and Radar Application

This paper presents a proposed a Dual-Band T-Slot Microstrip Patch Antenna for sub-6GHz 5G application. The proposed antenna is designed to operate at two frequency bands of 5.923 GHz and 7.444 GHz respectively. The size and feed technique are determined by design formulas. The simulation results show a good return loss (reflection coefficient) of -33.696 dB and -18.464 dB respectively which is way below the benchmark of 10dB. The gain and VSWR results are 5.45dB and 1.049 at 5.933GHz; 4.158dB and 1.272 at 7.443GHz respectively. The CST software is used for the simulation.

A Low-Cost and Dual band Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ku and K Band Applications

This paper examines a dual-band, low-cost microstrip patch antenna for Ku and K applications through simulation study. Ansys High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software is used to do the simulation analysis of the suggested antenna. Using Ansys High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software, the suggested antenna is constructed and simulated to evaluate several characteristics including reflection coefficient (S11), radiation pattern, gain, and bandwidth. The substrate for the antenna is made of FR-4, which has a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.02. Using the microstrip feed line technology, the planned millimeter wave dual band antenna is examined at operating frequencies of 13 and 22 GHz. At frequencies of 13 and 22, respectively, the antenna's maximum gain values are 4.81 dB and 4.82 dB in the x-y plane. The suggested material might be a decent substitute.

Design of a Taiji-like Dual-band Microstrip Patch Antenna Loaded with Bagua Parasitic Patch

This study proposes a Taiji-shaped microstrip patch antenna without affecting its size and design complexity. The radiation patch adopts a Taiji-like shape design, and the traditional Chinese Bagua-shaped parasitic element is loaded on the periphery of the radiation patch on the surface of the dielectric substrate to optimize the impedance matching further and improve the gain. The software HFSS15.0 is used to simulate the antenna and compare the results. The results show that the antenna achieves dual-band characteristics at 2.45GHz and 5.04GHz, has an impedance bandwidth of 110MHz and 250MHz, and has a positive gain of 7.13dB. The proposed antenna is suitable for the field of wireless communication.

Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Muscle Mass through Antenna as a Sensor

Wireless body area network (WBAN) incorporates a wireless sensor network and wearable devices in miniature size. In this paper, a dual-band microstrip patch (DBMSP) antenna as a sensor with a modified split ring resonator (SRR) and defective ground structure (DGS) is proposed for muscle mass measurement and prediction. Modified SRR on the ground plane forms a defected ground structure (DGS) for back radiation reduction and suits muscle mass measurement. The proposed dual-band microstrip patch antenna resonates at 5.2 GHz and 8.4 GHz, with impedance bandwidth of about 0.9 GHz and 1.89 GHz, input reflection coefficient is about -21.12 dB and -14.5 dB, respectively. This DBMSP antenna has an efficiency of 99.9%, with a negligible amount of specific absorption rate (SAR). From the proposed DBMSP antenna sensor, muscle mass is predicted from human muscle. The proposed antenna is fixed on the ventral surface of the forearm and biceps. DBMSP antenna sensor detects electromagnetic energy from muscle tissues under radiating near-field conditions. The muscle tissue signal is acquired through the proposed DBMSP antenna. The acquired antenna process with nondecimated wavelet transform (NDWT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) algorithms for noise reduction. Further, early prediction of muscle mass prevents humans from lack of protein and oxygen levels in the blood and avoids major issues in human health. The proposed DBMSP antenna-based muscle mass measurement achieves 89% accuracy when compared with laboratory measurement.

A multi-band MIMO antenna system with coupled-fed modified rectangular patch elements for 5G systems

A four-port multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna system constructed of four compact dual-band (38/60 GHz) microstrip patch antennas is proposed for 5G mobile applications. Each individual element is optimized to achieve the desired performance of the overall MIMO system. Numerical and experimental investigations are achieved to assess the performance of both the single-element antenna and the four-port MIMO antenna system. It is shown that the simulation results agree with the experimental measurements, and both show good performance of the proposed MIMO antenna system. The bandwidths achieved around 38 GHz and 60 GHz are about 2 GHz and 3.2 GHz, respectively. The performance of the MIMO antenna system including the return loss at each antenna port and the coupling coefficients between the different ports are investigated. The radiation patterns produced when each port is excited alone are shown to be suitable for spatial diversity scheme. They have a high radiation efficiency exhibited by a balloon-like shaped radiation pattern for both the upper and lower frequency bands. It is shown that the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and the diversity gain (DG) are suitable for performance for the targeted 5G bands.

Design of a high-gain dual-band LI-slotted microstrip patch antenna for 5G mobile communication systems

The microstrip patch antenna has been successfully used in modern wireless communication systems including the fifth generation (5G) applications. The focus of this paper is on the high-band millimeter waves of the 5G, particularly the 26 and 28 GHz as widely used frequency bands. The main goal of this study is to provide a significant improvement in the microstrip patch antenna gain by adding slots with L and I shapes to a single rectangular patch, being very common structure used in 5G antennas. It is worth noting that this is an empirical study carried out using the CST Studio Suite simulator for simulating and optimizing the slot dimensions. The results presented in the paper show that a very high gain could be achieved by inserting a couple of symmetric LI slots and a rectangular slot located in the middle. To validate our results, the paper presents a detailed comparison between the proposed and previously developed microstrip patch antennas, and demonstrates that the proposed ones outperform the others in achieving high gain and directivity while providing great Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) and efficiency measures, and wide enough bandwidth at the two frequency bands selected.

Design and optimization of pi-slotted dual-band rectangular microstrip patch antenna using surface response methodology for 5G applications

Modern wireless network antenna technologies are designed to meet the ever-increasing needs of emerging applications. Hence this paper investigates potential antenna impedance bandwidth performance enhancement techniques based on optimizing independent geometrical parameters of pi-shaped slotted dual-band rectangular microstrip patch antenna (DBRMSPA). The antenna considered in the optimization process is with a slotted patch which improves impedance bandwidth of the antenna. And independent factors are geometrical parameters that influence the antenna's impedance bandwidth (BW) and operating frequency (Fr). The factors are substrate height (Hs), patch length (L), and slot (s2) length (Ls), and the experiment is designed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) suite 2019 to generate a dataset by varying these parameters in a specific range. Then based on the dataset, response surface methodology (RSM) is applied to develop mathematical models that relate the responses Fr and BW with independent variables. Using analysis of variance (ANOVA), the effects of varying independent factors on both responses and model validation were investigated. Then constrained numerical optimization is applied to determine optimum design parameters. The optimized parameters, substrate height, patch length, and slot (s2) length (Ls) are 0.648 mm, 3.048 mm, and 1.325 mm, respectively. The optimized dual-band antenna, designed with optimized parameters, achieved a target impedance bandwidth (≥4 GHz), 7.2 GHz and 4.17 GHz at 28 GHz and 38 GHz, respectively. Similarly, the antenna's radiation efficiency at 28 GHz and 38 GHz is 75.457% and 88.6237%, respectively. The proposed antenna also gives a gain of 6 dBi at 28 GHz and 4.15 dBi at 38 GHz. And VSWR is less than 2 throughout its impedance bandwidth. All of these results were generated using the CST EM solver and validated using the Ansys High Frequency Simulation Software (HFSS) with good agreement. As a result, the proposed potential performance enhancement techniques provide an antenna with a wide impedance bandwidth suitable for 5G mobile communication applications.

A metasurface enabled dual band antenna exhibiting dual polarizations with reduced beam squint and cross polarization

A compact, dual-band metasurface-based microstrip patch antenna with both linear and circular polarization (CP) for multiband communication is reported in this work. The ingredients in the antenna design consist of a combination of metasurface and metamaterial inspired structures that are demonstrated as an effective technique to correct the beam squint problem and reduce the cross-polarized radiation, usually experienced by thick substrate-based broadband CP antennas. A fractal boundary metasurface is introduced to achieve CP over a small frequency band. Eight Electric-LC resonators are symmetrically placed in the same plane of the radiating patch to widen the CP bandwidth, correct the beam squint, reduce the cross-polarized radiation, and realize a subwavelength resonance of λ0/5.15 order. The measured impedance bandwidths (|S11| < −10 dB) of the proposed antenna are 7.8% (3.7–4.0 GHz) and 27.58% (5.05–6.65 GHz) in the lower and upper-frequency band, respectively. The measured 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) is 24.8% (5070–6510 MHz) at 5.8 GHz. The fabricated prototype has an overall size of 55 × 55 × 4.08 mm (0.696λ0 × 0.696λ0 × 0.051λ0 at 3.8 GHz or 1.063λ0 × 1.063λ0 × 0.078λ0 at 5.8 GHz) with a realized peak gain of 4 dBi in the lower band and 7.1 dBic in the upper band. The measured results are consistent with the simulation results.

Design of Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna with U-Shaped Slot

In some applications, it is required to have dual band characteristics instead of single band. This characteristic can be obtained by embedding a U-slot in the patch and hence the radiating patch includes a pair of step – slots. In this paper, we propose a dual band microstrip patch antenna with a U- shaped slot fed by coaxial feeding technique. The proposal antennas designed, simulated and optimized using Ansoft HFSS Vs 15. The simulation results are presented in terms of return loss, VSWR, input impedance, gain and radiation pattern. The dimensions are optimized to achieve the exact operating frequencies using resonating frequency control mechanisms. The results showed that the U-Shaped slot microstrip antennas efficiently operated at 2.4Ghz and 4.6Ghz.

2.4 GHz and 5 GHz Dual Band Wi-Fi Antenna Design for IoT Based Smart Media Application

Internet of Things (IoT) based application requires integration with the wireless communication technology to make the application data readily available. In this article, a dual band microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequencies is designed for use in Wi-Fi applications. The main purpose is to design a compact, easy to manufacture, cheap and high-performance microstrip patch antenna. The antenna is printed on the substrate of FR4 with two C-shaped strips and a microstrip feed line on the front side. There is L-shaped slot in the ground plane on the bottom side. The overall geometric size of the antenna is 29x26x1.6mm3. The antenna bandwidth is 140MHz and 552MHz at 2.45GHz and 5GHz respectively.

Bandwidth enhancement of dual-band bi-directional microstrip antenna using complementary split ring resonator with defected structure for 3/5 GHz applications

&lt;span&gt;This paper presents a bandwidth enhancement of a dual-band bi-directional rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The novelty of this work lies in the modification of conventional rectangular microstip patch antenna by using the combination of two techniques: a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) and a defected patch structure (DPS). The structure of antenna was studied and investigated via computer &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;simulation technology (CST). The dimension and position of CSRR on the ground plane was optimized to achieve dual bandwidth and bi-directional radiation pattern characteristics. In addition, the bandwidths were enhanced by defecting suitable shape incorporated in the microstrip patch. A prototype with overall dimension of 70.45×63.73 mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; has been fabricated on FR-4 substrate. To verify the proposed design, the impedance bandwidth, gain, and radiation patterns were carried out in measurements. The measured impedance bandwidths were respectively 560 MHz (3.08-3.64 GHz) and 950 GHz (4.64-5.59 GHz) while the measured gains of each bandwidth were respectively 4.28 dBi and 4.63 dBi. The measured radiation patterns were in good agreement with simulated ones. The proposed antenna achieves wide dual bandwidth and bi-directional radiation patterns performances. Consequently, it is a promising candidate for Wi-Fi or 5G communications in specific areas such as tunnel, corridor, or transit and rail.&lt;/span&gt;

A low profile single feed compact dual-band penta-polarization agile microstrip antenna for interference mitigation in point to point link in Ultra-Dense environment

This study takes an antenna perspective approach to mitigate signal interference issues in ultra-dense environment along with communication and signal processing domain. A compact single layered dual-band penta-polarization agile microstrip patch antenna (MSA) using single feed is studied and proposed. Each band switches between five distinct polarization states. Additionally, the proposed antenna possesses a very low profile of less than 0.01λ (λ free-space wavelength). A square patch is enclosed by a square ring to attain two distinct reconfigurable frequency bands by using switching diodes and biasing networks. Orthogonal microstrip lines connected with a single coax feed are selectively chosen by biasing network to excite the adjacent patch edges to achieve dual linear polarization (LP). Circular polarization (CP) with dual sense of rotation at each band is attained by switchable diagonal-truncated corners of outer ring. Subsequently, 45° slant polarization is achieved by simultaneous activation of the orthogonal feed lines with equal phases and amplitude. A penta-polarized antenna prototype is designed and fabricated to operate at 5.2 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands respectively. Simulation results of all ten reconfigurable states are found to be consistent with the measurement.