Design of a high-gain dual-band LI-slotted microstrip patch antenna for 5G mobile communication systems

Abstract

The microstrip patch antenna has been successfully used in modern wireless communication systems including the fifth generation (5G) applications. The focus of this paper is on the high-band millimeter waves of the 5G, particularly the 26 and 28 GHz as widely used frequency bands. The main goal of this study is to provide a significant improvement in the microstrip patch antenna gain by adding slots with L and I shapes to a single rectangular patch, being very common structure used in 5G antennas. It is worth noting that this is an empirical study carried out using the CST Studio Suite simulator for simulating and optimizing the slot dimensions. The results presented in the paper show that a very high gain could be achieved by inserting a couple of symmetric LI slots and a rectangular slot located in the middle. To validate our results, the paper presents a detailed comparison between the proposed and previously developed microstrip patch antennas, and demonstrates that the proposed ones outperform the others in achieving high gain and directivity while providing great Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) and efficiency measures, and wide enough bandwidth at the two frequency bands selected.