Dual Attributes Research Articles

Analysis of the impact of policies intervention on electric vehicles adoption considering information transmission—based on consumer network model

Electric vehicles (EVs), which can relieve the pressure of energy and environment and revitalize the automotive industry, are paid great attention by the government. Existing research on the dynamic adoption process of EVs from the perspective of consumers based on complex social networks is insufficient. Based on the consumer network with dual attributes, i.e., positive/negative attitude and whether or not to adopt, this paper explores the impact of economic and information policies on EVs adoption rate by establishing a decision-making model of EVs adoption for consumers considering the effects of friend attitudes and power consumption information. The results show that: (1) The joint implementation of economic policies has a prominent effect on the adoption rate of EVs that is least affected by the subsidy cut policy when charging at home. (2) Enhancing popular science propaganda promotes the EVs adoption rate by increasing the initial proportion of positive attitudes in the consumer network. However, the promotion effect will be weakened if it exceeds a certain threshold. (3) Encouraging social discussion by expanding the number of friends has two sides to the EVs adoption rate. Finally, policymakers should consider the impact of consumers with different risk preferences on EVs adoption.

The effect of individual attitude on cooperation in social dilemma

Environmentalists spend something such as, time, energy and money to protect the environment, while others in the same environment pay nothing. In this social dilemma associated with the ecological environment, we consider environmental investment and draw some interesting and meaningful conclusions by abstracting a differential equation model, based on the mean field approximation to discuss the impact of various environmental budgets on the dynamics in estimable social states. Firstly, we consider each individual having dual attributes of attitude and behavior, and classify the well-mixed and infinite populations into four categories, namely, indifferent cooperator, passionate cooperator, indifferent defector and passionate defector. The system may be in one of four situations — only the indifferent defectors are left, two types of defectors are survived, two types of cooperators are remained and four types of individuals coexist. A serious of numerical results show that one of causes for environmental tragedy is the indifferent of the public. Increasing investment in environmental protection projects can result in more cooperators if the society is not too hardhearted. When the investment exceeds a threshold, however, more investment has no obvious effect on promoting cooperation further. We should draw public attention to environmental problems and make a reasonable budget for environmental protection so as to promote green and harmonious development to the greatest extent.

Recommending Mobile Services with Trustworthy QoS and Dynamic User Preferences via FAHP and Ordinal Utility Function

Due to ubiquitous Internet connectivity, widely available cloud services, and popular mobile devices, mobile networks have become service delivery and consumption platforms for many industries worldwide. To recommend optimal mobile Web services with trustworthy Quality-of-Service (QoS) and dynamic user preferences, this paper proposes a novel service recommendation model based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and ordinal utility function. First, a Multi-QoS vector is defined, and to take into account the trustworthiness of QoS, the fidelity of QoS is modeled as one component of the Multi-QoS vector. Then, a fuzzy hierarchy including dual attributes of QoS (objective attribute and subjective evaluation) is established to fully consider the objective and subjective attributes’ impact on optimal service recommendation. Furthermore, a FAHP-based weighting mode is developed, in which the resolution ratio of weight can be adjusted dynamically by decision-maker according to user preferences. Finally, the optimal service is obtained through the calculation of ordinal utility function of candidate service. Experimental results and method comparison illuminate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model.

Research on the Possibility of Civil Public Interests Protected by Individual Litigation in China: Based on the Path of Similarity of Interests

The forms of civil public interests relief are mainly citizen suit, class action and test litigation in western countries. The contradiction between the demand of civil public interests relief and the supply of public subjects gradually appears in Chinese civil action. The limitation of Chinese public subjects in public interests relief and the non-finality of civil action relief further aggravate the contradiction. Public interests show the dual attributes of private benefit and public benefit, in which the similarity of private benefit is the theoretical basis of public interests protected by individual litigation. The similarity of private benefit not only provides the theoretical path of individual litigation, but also overcomes the contradiction between the traditional civil public interest litigation and the interest of litigation.

Dual Attribution of Conduct to both an International Organisation and a Member State

Dual Attribution of Conduct to both an International Organisation and a Member State

A Hybrid Fuzzy-Genetic Algorithm for Performance Optimization of Cyber Physical Wireless Body Area Networks

The use of fuzzy decision-making in datapath selection extends the sensor network lifetime with a uniform distribution of routing load among network nodes. Fuzzy-logic based routing protocols are mostly designed for general wireless sensor networks (WSN). However, such protocols are not compatible with a Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) comprised of biosensor nodes. WBAN nodes carry inferior computational, communication and energy resources as compared to general WSN nodes. A WBAN routing protocol needs to be designed as per IEEE 802.15.6 WBAN standards to meet high-end QoS requirements of medical applications. This paper presents a fuzzy-logic-based clustering protocol for data routing in WBANs. Nodes are grouped into clusters and cluster head nodes are selected through a Fuzzy-Genetic Algorithm termed as EB-fg-MADM. EB-fg-MADM makes an assessment of dual attributes of each cluster node in terms of node residual energy and CH selection cost. CH selection cost of a node is the forecasted value of network energy consumption if the node acts as a cluster head. EB-fg-MADM utilizes a fuzzy-TOPSIS function which makes a quantitative comparison of cluster nodes and selects the cluster head node possessing the aforementioned attributes closest to their ideally desired values. A Genetic Algorithm-based optimization process adapts the attribute weights for cluster head selection. EB-fg-MADM provides enhanced network lifetime with a uniform distribution of routing load. Protocol performance is obtained in terms of network lifetime, throughput and latency. Results are compared with existing WBAN routing protocols and are found to be better.

Net Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agriculture in China: Estimation, Spatial Correlation and Convergence

The agricultural ecosystem has dual attributes of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and absorption, which both influence the net amount of GHG. To have a clearer understanding of the net GHG effect, we linked up the emission and absorption of the agricultural ecosystem, estimated the net emissions of 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2016, then explored the spatial correlation from global and local perspectives by Moran’s I, and finally tested the convergence of the net emissions by α convergence test, conditional β convergence test and spatial econometric methods. The results were: (1) The average of provincial agricultural net GHG emissions was around 4999.916 × 104 t, showing a fluctuating trend in the 10 years. Meanwhile, the gaps among provinces were gradually widening, as the provinces with high emissions were mainly agglomerated in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, while those with less emissions mainly sat in the northwest. (2) The net emissions correlated spatially in close provinces. The agglomeration centers were located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the northern coastal region, showing “high–high” and “low–low” agglomeration, respectively. (3) The net emissions did not achieve α convergence or conditional β convergence in the whole country, but the growth rate had a significant positive spillover effect among adjacent provinces, and two factors, the quantity of the labor force and the level of agricultural economy, had a negative impact on the rate. It is suggested that all provinces could strengthen regional cooperation to reduce agricultural net GHG emissions.

Future development of evidence based traditional Chinese medicine:flat way to truth and kindness

The three elements in evidence-based clinical decisions are " best clinical research evidence,physicians' personal experience,and patients' basic values and wishes". This concept coincides with the " bio-psycho-social" model of systematic medicine,and this is the key reason why evidence-based medicine has become the most important diagnostic and therapeutic system under the new medical model. However,there is no methodological support for the implementation of " respecting patients' basic values and wishes".As a result,this concept is difficult to be implemented in clinical practice,and has become the form of " patient or family member' s signature for consent". In narrative medicine,doctors are advocated to record details,psychological processes and even family members' feelings in non-technical language to form parallel medical records,and the key point is to achieve " empathy" between doctors and patients. This idea is consistent with traditional Chinese medicine( TCM),and also provides a practical operation method " to respect patients' basic values and wishes". Medicine is a discipline based on human science,with dual attributes of science and humanity. Humanistic care is the tradition of TCM,and also is one of the basic characteristics and core connotations in TCM. Therefore,in the development of evidence-based TCM,we should combine evidence-based medicine with narrative medicine,and inject humanistic care into evidence-based medicine with the concept and methodology of narrative medicine,so as to achieve the deep integration of science and humanity.

The scientific nature of traditional Chinese medicine in the post-modern era

Abstract There is a growing need to understand traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in modern scientific terms. TCM possesses the dual attributes of science and the humanities. At present, medical science and technology are progressing, while humanistic ethics are being neglected. TCM embodies the interaction between imagery and conceptual thinking, which can be explained from the following three aspects: imagery as an internal driving force for cultural rejuvenation, return to the true self and guarding of the root of life, and cosmology (harmony between man and nature). In the post-modern era, “people-oriented” medical values will lead to integrations between science and humanities, holism and reductionism, imagery-based thinking and conceptual thinking, systematic research and descriptive research, and evidence-based medicine and narrative medicine.

Dynamic Estimation of Hospital Reservation Registration Service Time in the Basis of Dual Attribute Similarity

Considering the particularity, complexity and uncertainty of influencing factors, a dynamic estimation model of reservation registration service time based on binary attribute similarity in the hospital is proposed to solve the problem of hospital reservation registration service time estimation. The model combines hospital process expert knowledge with machine learning of historical data, and uses binary attribute similarity to construct the model of hospital data object. The results show that the proposed method can effectively estimate the booking service time and have high accuracy.

High-Performance UV Enhancer Molecules Coupled with Photosynthetic Proteins for Ultra-Low-Intensity UV Detection

Summary Dual attributes of UV-photo-responsive organic-ionic conductors are exploited in bio-photoelectrochemical cells based on photosynthetic RC-LH1 proteins from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. These UV enhancer molecules (UVEM) can generate small photocurrents in the absence of protein and are also effective electrolytes for photocurrent generation by RC-LH1 complexes in response to near-infrared excitation. Mixing RC-LH1 and UVEM components strongly enhanced UV photocurrents relative to those obtained with protein or UVEM alone, an effect that is attributed to energy transfer from the hetero-anthracene chromophore of the UVEM to the carotenoids of the RC-LH1 complex. RC-LH1/UVEM bio-photoelectrochemical cells were superior to conventional RC-LH1 cells in terms of UV external quantum efficiency, photo-response sensitivity, and photocurrent rise-decay times. These bio-photodetectors could detect weak UV radiation with intensities as low as 2 μW/cm2. This combination of photosynthetic proteins with dual-function electrolytes is the first attempt to construct fully functional bio-photoelectrochemical UV photodetector based on natural components.

Perspectives of Socio-Spatial Differentiation from Soaring Housing Prices: A Case Study in Nanjing, China

Launched in 1998, the market-oriented reform of urban housing has given urban housing the dual attributes of residence and investment, and led to the rapid growth of housing prices as well as the intensification of its spatial differentiation within cities. However, the spatial patterns of the differentiation and its mechanism as well as socio-spatial effects are rarely touched. This paper studies 3963 urban residential districts in central Nanjing and explores the socio-spatial differentiation pattern and process of the urban housing prices and its growth in Nanjing based on the sample data of housing transactions over 30 quarters during the period of 2009–2017. The paper concludes that, by splitting the research duration into phases of six quarters each, the average housing prices in Nanjing alternates between “rapid growth” and “relatively stable” phases. At the same time, this paper finds that the spatial heterogeneity of housing prices in the city has been enhanced constantly, and the price gap in different types of residential housing has been clearly widened. In combination with the price level, location characteristics and architectural attributes of residential districts, this paper has categorized housing in Nanjing into nine typical types in a comprehensive manner. Based on the differences in their spatial attributes such as location, comfort and scarcity etc., different types of residences exhibit different pricing and price-to-rent ratio growth models. Based on those findings, we discussed the mechanism of the socio-spatial differentiation of housing prices in Nanjing from the housing reform and strategies of urban renewal and expansion. Beyond that, we discussed the role of urban housing consumption in the process of (re)production of urban classes, and its negative effects on urban young people, rural immigrants and other disadvantaged families. At the end of the paper, the policy suggestion about the supply-side reform of the housing market to promote socio-spatial equity and sustainable development is also presented.

Conservation for Sustainable Development: The Sustainability Evaluation of the Xijie Historic District, Dujiangyan City, China

Historic districts have become a significant aspect of urban diversity and sustainable development, due to their dual attributes of cultural heritage and living community. This study aims to assess the influence of conservation efforts on the sustainable development of historic districts. Based on a literature review, this study designed a sustainability evaluation model that included twelve indicators and twenty-seven sub-indicators, in reference to heritage conservation, stakeholder participation, economic development, and planning and governance. The case study of the Xijie Historic District in Dujiangyan City, China, was selected to apply the model. Using data collected via questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews, and using qualitative and quantitative combined methods and weighted averages, the model produced the sustainability index of the Xijie Historic District. Further examinations were performed and findings were explored, regarding the conservation efforts for the Xijie Historic District. Despite the research limitation of a lack of multi-sample verification, the results of the assessment are consistent with what is found in practice, demonstrating the validity of the model. The sustainability evaluation model can be applied to various historic districts and regions, by reassigning indicator weights to the different cases; the indicators system also provides references for research and practical applications for the conservation and sustainable development of other heritage types.

Beyond Communication: The Cultural Effect of Dialect Competence on Urban Migration Entrepreneurship in China

In China, dialect has the dual attributes of and culture. On the one hand, as a tool for communication between people, good communication skills not only help investors to understand the true nature of enterprises, but also enhance the reputation of entrepreneurs, which in turn helps entrepreneurs to obtain external financing. On the other, as a symbol of individual identity, using local dialects may help individuals to obtain social capital, which not only encourages the acquisition of entrepreneurial resources, but also oils the wheels of transactions. However, the existing literature is less concerned with the latter. Based on the theory of social identity, this paper uses Chinese Family Panel Survey Data (CFPS) to explore the important role of the “cultural attributes” of dialect in immigrant entrepreneurial behaviour. At the same time, we analyze the mediating effect of social capital and the regulation effect of the dialect environment. The study has found that, by controlling for the communication” attributes of the dialect, the “cultural” attributes of the dialect improved the prospects of migrants’ entrepreneurship. After using a twin sample to overcome selectivity bias, the results still presented steadily. Second, local dialect promotes entrepreneurship among urban migrants by constructing social networks and social trust. Third, the “cultural” attributes of dialect make migrants’ entrepreneurship decisions more pronounced in areas with less linguistic diversity and lower prevalence of Mandarin, but has no such impact on entrepreneurial income. This study attempts to build a bridge between dialect and entrepreneurship, which not only reveals the important role of the “cultural” attributes of dialect in migrants’ entrepreneurship, but also enriches the related research on “dialect behaviour.”

U POTRAZI ZA ZNAČENJEM STANDARDA EFEKTIVNE KONTROLE U MIROVNIM OPERACIJAMA POD OKRILJEM UN-a

The subject of this paper is the analysis of the work done by the International Law Commission on the codification of international organizations responsibility for internationally wrongful acts, which resulted in the adoption of the Draft Articles on the Responsibility of International Organizations in 2011. The author focuses on Article 7 of the Draft, which prescribes prerequisites for the attribution of conduct in situations when the states place their bodies at the disposal of an international organization for peacekeeping operations. The analysis of relevant decisions of the European Court of Human Rights as well as of the courts of the Netherlands, Belgium and the United Kingdom points to the key problems that these courts faced while considering the attribution of violations of international law committed in peacekeeping operations – insufficient clarity of Article 7 regarding the attribution, different interpretation of the term ‘placed at the disposal’ of another international organization, lack of the definition of the ‘effective control’ standard, which is, according to the Draft prescribed as the criterion for the attribution of conduct, and consequently, the arbitrary application of control standards. The author warns that the lack of uniform jurisprudence as well as the mentioned shortcomings of the Draft Articles of the Responsibility of International Organizations cause legal uncertainty and reduce the possibilities for the victims of internationally wrongful acts to obtain adequate legal protection. In conclusion, the author proposes the application of the effective control standard as a well-established test in the context of attribution of conduct, explains the key elements of the content and the meaning of the standard, proposes guidelines for its correct application and points to the significance of the dual (multiple) attribution both to States and international organizations.

Housing Determinants of Health in Urban China: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

Housing and health are two important interrelated indicators to measure the quality of life of an individual, the pathways through which housing affects health have continuously attracted worldwide attention from both scholars and policymakers, yet the empirical evidence from China is inexplicably scant. Distinguishing the dual attributes of housing as dwelling space and wealth carrier, in a unified analytical framework, the cross effects of residence-based housing (housing space, quality, and facility) and asset-based housing (housing tenure, affordability, and wealth) on the physical and mental health at the objective level as well as the self-assessed health at the subject level are jointly examined. The structural equation modeling analysis based on the data from China Family Panel Studies identifies the housing determinants that influence health and reveals concrete pathways. Results indicate that residence-based housing plays a dominated role in determining the impact of housing on health than the asset-based housing. More specifically, good residence-based housing condition improves both the physical and mental health, and is associated with well self-assessed health through the transmission mechanism; while the asset-based housing does not show a significant effect on both physical and mental health. Our findings point to the priority of improving dwelling quality to promoting asset building in the housing policy agenda towards health intervention.

Incommensurately Modulated Structures in Zr-rich PZT: Periodic Nanodomains, Reciprocal Configuration, and Nucleation

Zr-rich PZT is one of the most representative materials with compositions located at the ferroelectric–antiferroelectric (FE–AFE) phase boundary. The study of its incommensurately modulated structure (IMS) is of fundamental importance in understanding the origin of its high-performance stored-energy properties and phase transformation between FE and AFE. In this study, the structural features of the IMS were investigated in detail by transmission electron microscopy. The IMS appears as submicron domains assembled by periodic arrays of two-dimensional nanodomains along a direction with the domain width of about 30 {111} spacings. The nanodomains have dual attributes of both antiphase domains and electric domains. The displacement vector across the periodic antiphase boundaries was determined to be R = [001]. The reciprocal lattice of IMS was constructed and characterized by a set of strong basic reflections of pseudocubic unit cell together with 1/2{ooe} superlattice reflections where 1/2(ooe) superl...

Synthesis of Composite Adsorbent from Calcium Carbonate and Cocos Nucifera Carbon Powder Crosslinked with Biopolymer Matrix

The use of coconut shell based adsorbent for removing various pollutants from wastewater offers attractive advantages such as exceptional adsorption capacity with larger surface area, low-cost and biocompatibility for a wide range of pollutants. The same goes for calcium carbonate based adsorbent, which provides better removal for metals ions through precipitation method. In fact, recycling of waste material is considered environmentally preferable and is supported by public opinion and government policy. However, because of unit operations mechanisms and effectiveness are different to one another in downstream process, it is quite difficult to provide good adsorbent that exhibits dual attributes of hydrophobic and hydrophilic characters. This paper provides brief process for sintering of composite adsorbent for separation and purification of industrial wastewater application. Characterization was performed by physical and chemical approach. Results prove that the inclusion of biopolymer as composite binder improved mechanical properties of the composite adsorbent.

Legge’s Christian Expectation and DE sacralization of Confucius in CC1 Version of Zhongyong

The University of applied technology has the dual attributes of vocational education and higher education. In the establishment of the teaching system, the general quality education and the professional practical ability are both taken into consideration. With the acceleration of the 2025 process of manufacturing in China, the demand and requirement for new application technology talents are continuously improved. The paper studies the construction of enterprise integrated teaching system by analyzing the shortcomings of the traditional teaching mode of engineering education, and the perspective of cultivating technical talents of engineering application. Through collaborative innovation and cooperation with enterprise, an enterprise integrated teaching system should be established to highlight the teaching characteristics of application technology college.

Research on the Enterprise Integrated Teaching System in University of Applied Technology

The University of applied technology has the dual attributes of vocational education and higher education. In the establishment of the teaching system, the general quality education and the professional practical ability are both taken into consideration. With the acceleration of the 2025 process of manufacturing in China, the demand and requirement for new application technology talents are continuously improved. The paper studies the construction of enterprise integrated teaching system by analyzing the shortcomings of the traditional teaching mode of engineering education, and the perspective of cultivating technical talents of engineering application. Through collaborative innovation and cooperation with enterprise, an enterprise integrated teaching system should be established to highlight the teaching characteristics of application technology college.