Drive Power Supply Research Articles

Theoretical and Experimental Vibration Generation in a Coaxial Pulse-Tube Cryocooler

The microphonic noise induced by the vibration from cryocoolers has been found to cause energy resolution degradation in vibration-sensitive instruments. In this paper, theoretical and experimental research on the vibration generation mechanism of an aerospace-grade coaxial pulse-tube cryocooler (CPTC) is presented. Accordingly, suggestions for suppressing the vibration of the pulse-tube cryocooler are provided. A vibration model for the Oxford-type dual-opposed linear compressor is established, and the mechanism of vibration induced by the compressor is theoretically analyzed. A numerical simulation indicates that deviations in the compressor’s inductance coefficient, electromagnetic force coefficient, and flexure spring stiffness coefficient significantly affect the axial vibration of the compressor. The theoretical and experimental studies show that the high-order harmonic vibrations of the compressor are determined by both the resonance of the flexure springs and the high-order harmonics of the driving power supply. Through experiments and simulations, it is revealed that the dynamic gas pressure only induces vibration axially at the cold tip, while the radial vibration at the cold tip is determined by the heat head ‘s vibration and the structural response characteristics of the cold finger.

Experimental research on iron loss of high-speed spindle motor under variable frequency drive power supply

Experimental research on iron loss of high-speed spindle motor under variable frequency drive power supply

Evaluation on LED lighting driving power supply for urban rail vehicles based on adaptive PID algorithm

LED (Light Emitting Diode) lighting has the characteristics of efficiency, environmental protection, energy conservation, and so on. It is more and more widely used in the lighting system of urban rail vehicles. The research on the LED lighting system of rail vehicles has important practical significance. As the core of the LED lighting system of rail vehicles, the LED control system of urban rail vehicles is the key to ensure the stable operation of the entire LED lighting system. The lighting environment of urban rail vehicles needs LED lighting system with good power stability, long life of drive chip, high feedback accuracy, fast processing speed, intelligent algorithm efficiency and other characteristics to ensure continuous operation, and also should have strong anti-interference ability and excellent static performance. However, conventional lighting systems not only have low life, but also have poor stability. Therefore, this paper studied the uniqueness and functional module analysis of LED driving power supply by analyzing the causes and disadvantages of LED lighting, and finally optimized the design of LED lighting control system by using the adaptive PID (Proportional Integral Differential) algorithm. Through comparison, the brightness acquisition quality of LED lighting control system was 21.2 % higher than that of traditional lighting control system, and the lighting control effect was 18 % higher than that of traditional lighting control system. In short, the selection of LED lighting driving power affects the lighting effect of rail vehicles.

Arduino Controlled Battery Charger

In this project we will learn to use an Arduino and an attached charging circuit to control the charging of NiMH rechargeable batteries. Rechargeable batteries are a great way to power your portable electronics. They can save a lot of money when properly recycled. But it's much more fun to build one for yourself. So, here is how to build an Arduino controlled battery charger. Each type of battery uses a different chemical process to make it work. As a result, each type of battery needs to be charged differently. We are going to focus on the most common type of AA rechargeable battery, Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH). Battery Charger is designed for charging 12V sealed lead-acid batteries. The designed device consists Charging unit , Battery Housing Unit (Drawers) with their respective batteries insider the Drawers which can be charged simultaneously. Each Battery Housing Units provided with its driver circuit, transformer and power supply module. Power supply module is designed with thermal analysis & optimization and protection for EMI/EMC issues. Once the battery is connected to the circuit, it then displays battery charging condition. Battery charging level is displayed by LEDS and LCD is used to indicate the keyed input battery voltage and current through keypad 4X4 manually. Battery type and remaining charging time are displayed on screen during charging on LCD display. PIC 18f452 Microcontroller continuously monitors the battery condition and displays it on LCD. Charging stops when battery is fully charged, audio alarm is indicated with a buzzer and finally the ejection of the drawer tray for removal of the charged battery. This is advantageous as it prevents the battery from damage and over charging.

High-Performance Light Emitting Diode Lighting Circuits and Their Interior Design Applications

This study explores the application of the half-bridge Inductor-Inductor-Capacitor (LLC) resonant converter in Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting driver power supplies, with a specific focus on improving efficiency and dimming capabilities. The investigation begins with an analysis of the sliding mode control (SMC) method, utilizing a constant-current design with a fixed switching frequency (FWF). A novel fuzzy frequency-selective SMC dimming strategy is proposed to recognize the challenge of significant output voltage ripple during dimming under a FSF. To address the ripple issue during dimming, an electromagnetic filtering circuit is designed, and a zero-voltage turn-on Metal—Oxide—Semiconductor (MOS) tube is introduced, incorporating a synchronous rectification scheme to mitigate losses in the secondary-side rectification diode. The study comprehensively considers a current-mode self-driven method, specifically tailored to the LLC circuit’s different operating modes. The LLC resonant circuit, along with the subsequent synchronous rectification circuit, is meticulously designed for a 252 W LED driver power supply prototype. A closed-loop simulation circuit model is developed using PSIM software in experimental validation. The feasibility of SMC based on a FSF is affirmed through a comparative analysis of SMC signal waveforms, steady-state output current (OC) models, and resonant tank current waveforms. The investigation into the OC under various SMC conditions demonstrates the half-bridge LLC resonant converter’s ability to achieve stable output with minimal ripple. The designed LED lighting circuit is applied to indoor design, providing adjustable LED brightness and switch status at different power levels. Although obstacles slightly impact the communication quality of the circuit, it remains suitable for the majority of users’ needs.

Patent Research of DC Electric Drive Power Supply Systems Based on Active Converters With Power Correction

Despite the fact that the AC electric drive has recently been increasingly “displacing” the DC drive, it is quite relevant, because completely satisfies the requirements of technological processes. Consideration of the problem of electromagnetic compatibility of DC converter installations with the supply electrical network occupies a large place. The article provides research and analysis of the influence of valve loads on the quality of the power supply network and ways to improve the quality of power supply by replacing existing converters with active DC-DC converters with power factor correction, as well as a patent study.

A Novel Isolated Gate Driver Power Supply Method for Self-Powered SiC DC Solid-State Switch Using Thermoelectric Generation

DC switches using power electronics technology are increasingly used in dc power systems. Unlike other typical power electronic equipment, it is difficult for the DC switch to acquire energy from the primary circuit in the long-term closure state without d <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</i> /d <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</i> or potential difference. As a result, the gate drivers of the devices in DC switches can only be powered from the ground via a complicated and expensive secondary isolation power supply system. This paper proposes a novel isolated gate driver power supply method based on thermoelectric generation for SiC DC switches. By utilizing the unique high operating temperature of wide-bandgap devices, self-power generation can be achieved through the temperature difference between the device and the environment even without d <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</i> /d <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</i> or voltage difference. Following the comprehensive integration of the thermoelectric generator and the radiator, a 1.7kV/400A DC switch prototype capable of long-term steady self-power supply is developed, proving the efficacy of the proposed method.

Progress in the study of bipolar plates/conductive fillers

Proton exchange fuel cell (PEMFC) is an efficient, low-pollution and clean energy source that can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and it has a broad application prospect in the future of on-board driving power supply, portable power supply and power station for home use. As one of the key components of PEMFC, the choice of material has a great influence on its performance. In order to find new materials for bipolar plates with excellent performance and low cost, this paper reviews the research progress of conductive filler/resin composite bipolar plates for PEMFCs, and summarizes the relevant properties of the current composite bipolar plates with different resins/different conductive fillers.

A Flexible Solid-State Marx Modulator Module Based on Discrete Magnetic Coupling Drivers

With the increasing and deepening application of high-voltage nanosecond solid-state pulse generators in biological, industrial, and environmental fields, the development of existing pulse generators faces many challenges, such as fixed pulse shapes, the usage of isolated driver power supplies, lower power density, and limited output electrical performance. Hence, a novel high-frequency multilevel nanosecond modular solid-state Marx modulator (SSMM) based on discrete magnetic coupling gate drivers is proposed. The gate voltage of the two MOSFETs can be rapidly synchronized at a high repetition frequency to achieve an amplitude-controlled gate voltage within 100 ns. The feasibility of the driver was verified by PSpice simulation and prototype testing. Moreover, a stackable SSMM module (S2M3) structure is proposed to solve the problem of common-mode interference conducted through the driver, which improves the reusability, scalability, and redundancy of modulators. The characteristic parameters of the developed 14-stage S2M3 are as follows: an output voltage amplitude of 5.45 kV with a 100 ns–50 ms width, a minimum rise time of approximately 18 ns, and a continuous repetition frequency of 100 kHz. S2M3 has the ability to change the pulse shape, and the pulse frequency can reach 2.8 MHz within the burst.

Development and Implementation of LED Street Lights with Bright and Extinguishable Controls and Power Converters.

This study developed and implemented a driving power supply for light-emitting diode (LED) array streetlamps. The power stage was a quasi-resonant (QR)-flyback converter, its input power was the alternating-current power, and the LED array streetlamp was driven by the direct-current output power. The developed QR-flyback converter was operated in discontinuous conduction mode, and the pulse-width modulation (PWM) control chip was used to switch and conduct at the resonant valley of the drain-source voltage on the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) switch to reduce the switching loss. Moreover, the PWM control chip had a disable function, which was connected with a bright and extinguishable control circuit, and the high/low voltage level signal output by the Arduino development board can be used to control the output power of the QR-flyback converter, achieving bright and extinguishable controls for the LED array streetlamp.

A Driving Power Supply for Piezoelectric Transducers Based on an Improved LC Matching Network

In the ultrasonic welding system, the ultrasonic power supply drives the piezoelectric transducer to work in the resonant state to realize the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy. In order to obtain stable ultrasonic energy and ensure welding quality, this paper designs a driving power supply based on an improved LC matching network with two functions, frequency tracking and power regulation. First, in order to analyze the dynamic branch of the piezoelectric transducer, we propose an improved LC matching network, in which three voltage RMS values are used to analyze the dynamic branch and discriminate the series resonant frequency. Further, the driving power system is designed using the three RMS voltage values as feedback. A fuzzy control method is used for frequency tracking. The double closed-loop control method of the power outer loop and the current inner loop is used for power regulation. Through MATLAB software simulation and experimental testing, it is verified that the power supply can effectively track the series resonant frequency and control the power while being continuously adjustable. This study has promising applications in ultrasonic welding technology with complex loads.

Optimization of Shape-Variable Gamma Camera to High-Dose-Rate Regions

To proceed with the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, it is necessary to visualize radioactive substances using a gamma camera in high-dose-rate regions inside a nuclear reactor building. We developed an umbrella-shaped Compton camera, whose sensitivity distribution can be adjusted by changing its shape. When used on a robot, the moving distance of the robot can be reduced compared to a pinhole camera that is sensitive only to the front surface. In addition, unlike an omnidirectional Compton camera, the sensitivity in a specific direction can be increased, which is expected to expand the degree of freedom of measurement. In this study, the characteristics of the developed system were evaluated through simulations and experiments for application in a high-level radioactive environment inside a reactor building. It is estimated that this system can operate at a dose rate of approximately 2.68 mSv/h. Furthermore, we devised a method to compensate for the effect of the dead time of the SiPM (MPPC) in the high-dose-rate region by monitoring the current of the SiPM drive power supply and evaluating its applicability to high dose rates. This correction method was validated in the case where the photoelectric peak of the energy spectra fluctuated by approximately 60 keV due to dead time.

Novel acceleration measurement method during attenuation vibration of inertial sensor based on time domain sensing mechanism

This paper for the first time reports a novel characteristic of the time domain acceleration sensing mechanism. Acceleration measurement is insensitive to changes of vibration amplitude and resonant frequency because these two parameters are updated in real time during the measurement process, which is thoroughly different from other traditional acceleration sensing mechanisms. With this characteristic, an acceleration measurement method during the process of attenuation vibration is proposed. Furthermore, the analytic expression of acceleration measuring during the process is deduced. Thus, even if the signal, which is used for driving the proof mass of the time domain sensor in the resonant state, is cut off, the sensor can still work as normal. Finally, the theoretical analyses are experimentally verified. These results provide a theory foundation for designing an accelerometer that can be used in harsh environments, e.g., during sudden malfunction of the driving power supply.

Design and implementation of flyback converter design and control of driving power supply for unmanned robot

AbstractIn accordance with the requirements of unmanned robot driving power supply for power supply reliability, strong power output, and portability, this paper introduces a design scheme for unmanned robot driving power supply on the basis of a flyback converter, establishes the mathematical model of driving power supply (flyback converter), designs the transformer part of a flyback converter, and recommends a straightforward and efficient clamping circuit to enhance it. The controller of the flyback converter is designed in detail. Ultimately, the feasibility and effectiveness of the design method in the driving power supply of unmanned robots are demonstrated by simulation and experiments.

High-performance solar-driven water harvesting from air with a cheap and scalable hygroscopic salt modified metal–organic framework

Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) using solar–driven desorption systems is a viable solution to water shortage in arid regions. However, common water adsorbents, such as zeolite and silica gel, exhibit low water uptake under low relative humidity (RH ≤ 30%) or require high regeneration temperature (≥200 °C), which limits their application in water harvesting. The existing water harvesting metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit low water uptake at low RH and require high modification cost. Herein, a hygroscopic salt–modified MOF (CaCl2@MOF-808-11.8) is developed to overcome the shortcomings of its respective components. This composite exhibits excellent water uptake of 0.56 g g−1 under low RH (RH = 30% at 25 °C), which is seven times that of MOF-808. The water uptake at low RH, structural stability, and cyclic performance of the material are greatly improved. The performance comparison and simulation results show that CaCl2@MOF-808-11.8 has outstanding water harvesting performance under low humidity. An outdoor water harvesting experiment using a home–made device shows that CaCl2@MOF-808-11.8 can collect 1.8 kg of water per each kilogram of material daily using only a solar–driven power supply system, which is superior to most reported water harvesting MOFs. The cost, hydrophilicity and practical recycling properties of the composite material suggest that it is a very promising material for water harvesting.

High power non-electrolytic capacitor LED driver with three ports based on energy distribution

To eliminate the influence of electrolytic capacitors on the driving life of high-power LED, a three-port high-power LED without electrolytic capacitor driving power supply based on energy distribution is proposed. The energy difference between the input terminal and the output terminal is balanced by the auxiliary DC-DC circuit to reduce the ripple of the output current. The working principle of the topology and switching mode is analyzed in detail. According to the proposed circuit topology, the mechanism of the output current ripple of the low-frequency circuit is analyzed, and a low-frequency ripple control strategy suitable for the circuit topology is proposed. The specific implementation scheme and the key parameters of the circuit design are given, and the model is verified, which proves that the proposed model is feasible.

Gate driver power supply arrangement for cascode‐connected super‐junction MOSFETs in a bridge‐leg

This letter presents a circuit for powering cascode gate driver circuits with super-junction (SJ) MOSFETs in a bridge-leg. The cascode gate driver gives inherent MOSFET intrinsic diode deactivation, and the bridge-leg incorporates an inductive turn-on snubber which controls the charging currents into the MOSFETs’ output capacitances. The cascode driver circuits and snubber inductor are configured such that the gate-drive energy is derived from the power stage.

Research on Segmented Power Supply Technology of Microgravity Experiment facility with Electromagnetic Launch

The microgravity experiment facility with electromagnetic launch is driven and braked by a linear motor to vertically eject and recover the experimental cabin, forming a microgravity environment in the experimental cabin without external force. In order to improve efficiency and reduce power capacity, the linear motor needs segmented power supply. When the stator of linear motor is powered by sections, there are inevitable longitudinal end effect and transverse end effect, which will bring the thrust fluctuation of the motor and then affect the microgravity level of the facility. The off time of the section switch, the current and back electromotive force during off will affect the thrust fluctuation characteristics of the motor, and then affect the motion characteristics of the facility and the microgravity level. This paper focuses on the segmented power supply control method of linear motor. With real-time current acquisition, low delay power switch, current shutdown at zero crossing and other technologies, a more stable motor drive power supply is realized, the motor thrust fluctuation is reduced, the movement of the experiment cabin of the facility is more stable, and the microgravity level of the facility is improved.

Abrupt changes detection using wavelet-based denoising analysis

Switching power supply is an essential power supply method that exists in the development of the electronic information industry. Drive power supply has various quality problems, primarily due to the loss of power inductors; for power inductor capacity testing, making a feasibility assessment is of great significance. In this study, we present a wavelet-based approach for detecting sudden changes in the power inductor current curve. To reliably identify rapid changes in the saturation of the inductor current after energization, the discrete wavelet transform is utilized to analyze the signal within a specified subset of all scaling and translation values, displaying different local signal characteristics.

A Novel LED Driving Power Supply with High Power Factor and Low Total Harmonic Distortion

proposing a new type of LED driving power supply which is based on buck-boost cascade quad and analysing it in this paper. The main circuit topology structure is based on a quadratic buck and a buck-boost converter. They share the same switch through cascading which not only simplify the topology but also control strategy, reducing the cost of the control circuit. Eliminate the input current dead-time problem of the original quadratic buck topology by adopting two-stage cascade structure. The main circuit topology improves the power factor and ameliorates the input current THD as well. Meanwhile, making the duty cycle of the switch operates in a more plausible area. Finally, relevant experiments demonstrate that the theoretical analysis is correct.