Double Matrix Research Articles

Determination of Replacement Cable Force of in-Service Suspension Bridge Based on Refined Modelling Approach

In this paper, the replacement cable force of suspension bridge slings in service is systematically analyzed by adopting the coupling analysis model of internal force influence matrix and displacement influence matrix. The sling replacement project of an existing bridge serves as the basis for considering the technical condition and stress state of slings and other components comprehensively. Key control indexes, such as internal force, offset, linear or adjacent cable force change, are defined according to vehicle traffic requirements and structural safety considerations. Refined finite element numerical calculation is employed to determine the target cable force applied to the replacement sling, while analyzing changes in key control indexes of relevant components and structures during adjustment. The target cable force of the replacement sling is adjusted and determined based on a comparison with the target demand index. Compared with the traditional influence matrix method, the double matrix method also has the advantage that it does not need to select the initial adjustment cable force, which avoids the problem that the convergence result may not be obtained, and aims to provide a basis for the subsequent calculation of cable force replacement when the suspension bridge is in service.

Interface design of carbon fiber composites by fabricating interlocked carbon nanotubes-silicon nitride nanowires

Prominent interfacial bonding can significantly improve the stress transfer efficiency between carbon fibers and matrix, which is the basis of efficient and long-term application of composites. In this paper, a bicomponent collaborative strategy was proposed to fully utilize the advantages of silicon nitride nanowires (SNs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to optimize the interfacial strength of carbon fiber modified double matrix composites (CD), in which the double matrix was represented by polymers-hydroxyapatite and pyrocarbon-hydroxyapatite. The microstructure displayed that SNs were randomly distributed inside CD and completely wrapped by CNTs, which combined to form an interlocking structure. The mechanical and friction behavior of modified and unmodified composites was investigated. The compression strength and shear strength of CNTs-SNs modified carbon fiber/polymers-hydroxyapatite composites were 110 ± 2.39 MPa and 56 ± 1.13 MPa, displaying an increment of 69% and 87%. The wear rate was 0.4 × 10−14 ± 0.008 m3 N−1 m−1, exhibiting a 61% decline. The fracture morphologies were observed to analyze the strengthening mechanism. Interlocked CNTs-SNs could strengthen the effective bonding of fiber/matrix interface and SNs/matrix interface, provide lots of nucleation sites for the matrix, and enhance the matrix cohesion. The enhancement was further verified by a 56% increase in the compression strength (237 ± 4.67 MPa), a 235% increase in the shear strength (77 ± 1.53 MPa), a 78% decrease in wear rate (0.38 × 10−13 ± 0.011 m3 N−1 m−1) of CNTs-SNs modified carbon fiber/pyrocarbon-hydroxyapatite composites, indicating that CNTs-SNs played an indispensable role in making CD possess brilliant mechanical and biological friction properties.

Study on uniaxial compressive strength of double matrix bimrocks considering different block proportions

Study on uniaxial compressive strength of double matrix bimrocks considering different block proportions

Degree of Approximation of Functions, Conjugate to the Functions Belonging to $$Lip((\xi _1,\xi _2); p)$$-Class Through Double Matrix Means

Degree of Approximation of Functions, Conjugate to the Functions Belonging to $$Lip((\xi _1,\xi _2); p)$$-Class Through Double Matrix Means

Past, present, and future perspectives of biodegradable films for soil: A 30-year systematic review

Based on the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database, the academic works published in the past 30years on biodegradable films for soil were analyzed. In order to ensure the rigor of this experiment, this paper is based on the mathematical double matrix model VOS Viewer software and CiteSpace software. This work shows that publications of biodegradable films for soil are increasing year by year; polymer science is the hottest subject in the field of biodegradable films for soil; China and the United States are the countries with the most significant number of publications in this field, has an important position; Washington State University is the most published institution. This study further identifies and reveals the essential characteristics, research strength, knowledge structure, main research fields, and research hotspots in the late stage of the field of biodegradable films for soil and introduces the Activity Index (AI) and the Attractive Index (AAI), thereby assessing trends and performance in different countries. The paper also further illustrates the importance of biodegradable films by presenting field trials using biodegradable films on different plants. The research in the field of biodegradable films for soil is divided into four categories: "The research field of degradation," "The effect of biodegradable film on soil," "Performance and mechanism of the biodegradable film," and "Effects of biodegradable film on crop growth and development.". The study can be seen as a microcosm of the development of biodegradable films for soils, which will help researchers quickly identify their general patterns. Readers can better understand the changes and development trends in this field in the past 30years and provide references for future research.

On the spectrum of the upper triangular double band matrix $U(a_{0},a_{1},a_{2};b_{0},b_{1},b_{2})$ over the sequence $c$

The upper triangular double band matrix $U(a_{0},a_{1},a_{2};b_{0},b_{1},b_{2})$ is defined on a Banach sequence space by $U(a_{0},a_{1},a_{2};b_{0},b_{1},b_{2})(x_{n})=(a_{n}x_{n}+b_{n}x_{n+1})_{n=0}^{\infty}$where $a_{x}=a_{y},~b_{x}=b_{y}$ for $x\equiv y~(mod3)$. The class of the operator$U(a_{0},a_{1},a_{2};b_{0},b_{1},b_{2})$includes, in particular, the operator $U(r,s)$ when $a_{k}=r$ and $b_{k}=s$ for all $k\in\mathbb{N}$, with $r,s\in\mathbb{R}$ and $s\neq 0$. Also, it includes the upper difference operator; $a_{k}=1$ and $b_{k}=-1$ for all $k\in\mathbb{N}$. In this paper, we completely determine the spectrum, the fine spectrum, the approximate point spectrum, the defect spectrum, and the compression spectrum of the operator $U(a_{0},a_{1},a_{2};b_{0},b_{1},b_{2})$ over the sequence space $c$.

Effect of Graphene/Spherical Graphite Ratio on the Properties of PLA/TPU Composites.

Wave-absorbing materials are developing in the direction of “light weight, wide frequency band, thin layer and high strength”, and it is difficult to achieve the synergy between wave-absorbing performance and mechanical properties when graphene absorbent is compounded with a single resin matrix. In this paper, based on the preparation of a new composite absorbing wire with a graphene (GR)/spherical graphite (SG) double absorbent and polylactic acid (PLA)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) double matrix, we proposed a new method to prepare samples for testing the electromagnetic parameters and tensile strength by fused deposition modeling (FDM). Furthermore, the effect of SG/GR ratio on the microwave absorbing properties and mechanical properties of PLA/TPU composites was specifically studied. It was found that when the ratio of SG/GR was small (0:5, 1:4), the dielectric loss (interfacial polarization loss, dipole polarization loss, conductivity loss) and attenuation ability of the composites were stronger, and the impedance matching was better. When the SG/GR ratio was large (5:0, 4:1), the composites had high strength and toughness. When the ratio of SG/GR was moderate (2:3, 3:2), it could retain the absorbing and mechanical properties of the absorbing materials. On the one hand, the SG and PLA/TPU matrix formed an “island structure”, which improves the dispersion of GR; on the other hand, the GR and PLA/TPU matrix formed a “core-shell structure”, which promotes polarization and multiple scattering.

Existence and Emergent Dynamics of Quadratically Separable States to the Lohe Tensor Model

A tensor is a multidimensional array of complex numbers, and the Lohe tensor model is an aggregation model on the space of tensors with the same rank and size. It incorporates previously well-studied aggregation models on the space of low-rank tensors such as the Kuramoto model, Lohe sphere, and matrix models as special cases. Due to its structural complexities in cubic interactions for the Lohe tensor model, explicit construction of solutions with specific structures looks daunting. Recently, we obtained completely separable states by associating rank-1 tensors. In this paper, we further investigate another type of solutions, namely “quadratically separable states" consisting of tensor products of matrices and their component rank-2 tensors are solutions to the double matrix model whose emergent dynamics can be studied using the same methodology of the Lohe matrix model.

State-centric Ploys in the Rise and Liquidation Process of the Nangah Company Limited (Cameroon), 1962-1991

Corporate enterprises in British Southern Cameroons as in most African territories under colonial rule were dominated for the most part by non-nationals. After the independence and reunification of British Southern Cameroons with the Republic of Cameroon on 1st October 1961, there was a visible paradigm shift in the actors and scope of intervention of corporate business life in Anglophone Cameroon, the territory roughly representing the erstwhile British Southern Cameroons. The Social and economic needs of the new state in office structures, hotels, transportation and the increased exigency for public utilities, gave room for fresh business opportunities. This resulted in the birth of indigenous business companies prominent among which was the famed Nangah Company limited. Though this company became the symbol of indigenous entrepreneurship in Anglophone Cameroon in the 1960s and 1970s, it became a victim of “problematic” liquidation in the 1980s largely as a result of political manipulation. It is centrally in this context that this paper mostly drawing from primary historical sources and employing a descriptive and analytical approach, examines the political influences involved in the rise and eventual collapse of the Nangah Company. The findings revealed that the backbone of the speedy ascendancy of the Nangah Company was the Kamerun National Democratic Party (KNDP) support given that the main shareholders of the company were financial benefactors of the KNDP Party. The paper equally disclosed that, following the putting in place of a one party state in 1966 and later the Unitary State in 1972, political suspicion and social clashes between D. A. Nangah and President Amadou Ahidjo, led to the political victimization of the Nangah Company. This personality differences partly contributed to ushering the company to a calamitous demise. It also emerged from the investigation that, the Nangah Company was entangled by the double matrix of the inability by the .........

The acquisition method of the user’s Kansei needs based on double matrix recommendation algorithm

In the development of product design, one of the elements of market competition for products is to meet the Kansei needs of users. Compared to features, users pay more attention to whether products can match their emotions, which is Kansei needs. The product developers are eager to get the Kansei needs of users more accurately and conveniently. This paper takes the computer cloud platform as the carrier and based on the collaborative filtering algorithm. We used personalized double matrix recommendation algorithm as the core, and the adjectives dimensionality reduction method to filter the image tags to simplify the users’ rating process and improve the recommendation efficiency. Finally, we construct a Kansei needs acquisition model to quickly and easily obtain the Kansei needs of users. We verify the model using the air purifier as a subject. The results of the case show that the model can find out the user’s Kansei needs more quickly. When the data is more, the prediction will be more accurate and timely.

Multi-ship encounter situation adaptive understanding by individual navigation intention inference

The multi-ship encounter situation at sea is characterized by high complexity and uncertainty, which is a big challenge for both traditional ships and the new autonomous ships. In order to make reasonable navigation decisions and perform well under multi-ship encounter situation, it is necessary to grasp the current scenario correctly and intelligently. Therefore, in this paper, an adaptive understanding model for multi-ship encounter situation is proposed. The core function of this model is to infer the navigation intention of other target ships under the same situation. This model is mainly composed of two sub-models. One is the ship encounter situation analysis model, which realizes the cognition of the whole encounter scenario from the global perspective by maintaining the “double matrix”. The second is the ship navigation intention inference model, the key part of the model is a set of well-designed fuzzy inference system. The output of the encounter situation analysis model is the input of the intention inference model, and these two models are closely linked to form a unified whole. This model is verified by both simulation-based and real scenario-based experiments, the results show that this model can perform well under the complex multi-ship encounter situation. Moreover, some necessary discussion and analysis for this inference model are also stated at the end of this paper, in the future, we expect that this model can be applied in real situations.

On the degree of approximation of certain continuous bivariate functions by double matrix means of a double Fourier series

In this paper, we have studied the degree of approximation of certain bivariate functions by double factorable matrix means of a double Fourier series. Four theorems are proved using single rest bounded variation sequences, single head bounded variation sequences, double rest bounded variation sequences, and two non-negative mediate functions. These results expressed in terms of two functions of modulus type and two non-negative mediate functions, imply many particular results as shown at last section of this paper.

Algorithm and Convergence Analysis of Absolute Value Equation Based on Hybrid Network

In view of the shortcomings of structured networks that it is difficult to manage complex shapes and unstructured networks cannot calculate the boundary layer viscous flow, an implicit algorithm based on mixed network points is proposed to solve the problem of successful calculation and high viscosity. Comparing absolute values is a difficult NP problem. It is caused by the interval problem and has a wide range of applications in many practical problems, such as: situation problems, semi-monitored and unprotected classification problems, and bag feasibility problems. When solving linear programming, double matrix strategy, quadratic programming and other problems, they must be converted into linear complementarity problems for processing, and linear complementarity problems can be summarized as absolute value equations. This article mainly introduces the smoothing Newton method of absolute value equation and the conjugate gradient algorithm of absolute value equation. This paper uses a hybrid network to analyze the algorithm and convergence of the absolute value equation, and establishes a potential mathematical model. The model is solved by the smoothing Newton method of the absolute value equation and the conjugate gradient algorithm of the absolute value equation, and the algorithm and convergence analysis results of the absolute value equation based on the hybrid network are evaluated, and the model is revised using historical data to improve The algorithm of the absolute value equation and the accuracy of the assessment of convergence analysis results. The experimental results in this paper show that the smoothing Newton method of the absolute value equation and the conjugate gradient algorithm of the absolute value equation increase the efficiency of the algorithm and convergence analysis of the absolute value equation by 23%, and reduce the false alarm rate and the false alarm rate. Finally, by comparing the experimental data analysis of the management strategy of sports services and the analysis of the reconstruction of sports services, the system illustrates the influence of artificial intelligence on the analysis of sports services’ management strategies.

Double matrix completion for circRNA-disease association prediction

BackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded RNA molecules with a closed-loop structure. A growing body of research has shown that circRNAs are closely related to the development of diseases. Because biological experiments to verify circRNA-disease associations are time-consuming and wasteful of resources, it is necessary to propose a reliable computational method to predict the potential candidate circRNA-disease associations for biological experiments to make them more efficient.ResultsIn this paper, we propose a double matrix completion method (DMCCDA) for predicting potential circRNA-disease associations. First, we constructed a similarity matrix of circRNA and disease according to circRNA sequence information and semantic disease information. We also built a Gauss interaction profile similarity matrix for circRNA and disease based on experimentally verified circRNA-disease associations. Then, the corresponding circRNA sequence similarity and semantic similarity of disease are used to update the association matrix from the perspective of circRNA and disease, respectively, by matrix multiplication. Finally, from the perspective of circRNA and disease, matrix completion is used to update the matrix block, which is formed by splicing the association matrix obtained in the previous step with the corresponding Gaussian similarity matrix. Compared with other approaches, the model of DMCCDA has a relatively good result in leave-one-out cross-validation and five-fold cross-validation. Additionally, the results of the case studies illustrate the effectiveness of the DMCCDA model.ConclusionThe results show that our method works well for recommending the potential circRNAs for a disease for biological experiments.

String integrability of defect CFT and dynamical reflection matrices

The D3-D5 probe-brane system is holographically dual to a defect CFT which is known to be integrable. The evidence comes mainly from the study of correlation functions at weak coupling. In the present work we shed light on the emergence of integrability on the string theory side. We do so by constructing the double row transfer matrix which is conserved when the appropriate boundary conditions are imposed. The corresponding reflection matrix turns out to be dynamical and depends both on the spectral parameter and the string embedding coordinates.

Immortally Dual Sites on Single-Atom Dispersed Electrocatalyst for High-Efficient Hydrogen/Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Real bifunctional electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) should be the ones that exhibit an immortal behavior during catalysis without structural transformation or surface reconstruction. Otherwise, they could be only termed as “pre-catalysts” rather than the real catalysts. Herein, single-atom dispersed catalysts (SACs) embedding atomically dispersed Ru onto nickel-vanadium layered double hydroxide matrix (termed as Ru/Ni3V-LDH) not only exhibit excellent HER activity (~ 54.3 fold mass activity vs. the commercial Pt/C) and OER activity, but also possess decent full-cell performance for overall water splitting (1.5 V@10 mA cm-2). Most importantly, in-situ XAS and Raman spectroscopic studies clarified that, unlike numerous bifunctional catalysts that have suffered from the structural reconstruction/transformation for adapting the HER/OER cycles, Ru/Ni3V-LDH is characteristic of immortally dual reactive sites (i.e., Ru and Ni sites) for individual catalysis of electrochemical water splitting and could be termed as the real bifunctional electrocatalyst.

A New Approach to the PWM Modulation for the Multiphase Matrix Converters Supplying Loads with Open-End Winding

This article presents three variants of the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) for the Double Square Multiphase type Conventional Matrix Converters (DSM-CMC) supplying loads with the open-end winding. The first variant of PWM offers the ability to obtain zero value of the common-mode voltage at the load’s terminals and applies only six switches within the modulation period. The second proposal archives for less Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the generated load voltage. The third variant of modulation concerns maximizing the voltage transfer ratio, minimizing the number of switching, and the common-mode voltage cancellation. The discussed modulations are based on the concept of sinusoidal voltage quadrature signals, which can be an effective alternative to the classic space-vector approach. In the proposed approach, the geometrical arrangement of basic vectors needed to synthesize output voltages is built from the less number of vectors, which is equal to the number of the matrix converter’s terminals. The PWM duty cycle computation is performed using only a second-order determinant of the voltages coordinate matrix without using trigonometric functions. A new approach to the PWM duty cycles computing and the load voltage synthesis by 5 × 5 and 12 × 12 topologies has been verified using the PSIM simulation software.

Recent results for the one-proton transfer reaction in the 18O+48Ti collision at 275 MeV

The 18O+48Ti reaction was studied at the energy of 275 MeV for the first time under the NUMEN and NURE experimental campaigns with the aim to investigate the complete net of reaction channels potentially involved in the 48Ca→48Ti double charge exchange transition. Such a transition is of great interest because of its relevance to the extraction of 48Ca→48Ti double beta decay nuclear matrix element. The relevant experiment was carried out at the MAGNEX facility of INFN-LNS in Catania. Angular distribution measurements for the various reaction products were performed by using the MAGNEX large acceptance magnetic spectrometer. The present contribution is focused on the analysis of the one-proton transfer channel with emphasis on the particle identification technique and the estimation of background contaminations.

Multidimensional Interpolation Decoupling Strategy for CD Basis Weight of Papermaking Process

With a focus on the multivariable coupling characteristics in a cross-directional (CD) basis weight control system, we study the coupling characteristics of a CD control system and decoupling control, and we propose a novel multivariable interpolation decoupling control strategy and a real-time decomposition algorithm in this paper. Based on a model of the CD basis weight profile, a system non-square interaction matrix of high-dimensional data is analyzed by experimental studies and numerical simulation. Along the diagonal of the interaction matrix, the matrix block method is adopted to reduce the system dimension and convert it into a square system. A multivariable control system with high dimensionality is divided into several subsystems. For the high-dimensional Toeplitz symmetric subsystem with small-scale coupling characteristics, an interpolation decoupling algorithm is proposed. Then, a decoupling compensator with the structure of a symmetric Toeplitz matrix was obtained. Compared with the conventional diagonal decoupling matrix, the branch number of the new decoupling network is reduced from 2408 to 186, which realizes the fast decoupling of multivariable systems. The results were even better when we used a double size interaction matrix obtained by interpolation between actual values. By designing the diagonalized controller for the new decoupled system, a decouped CD control system for corrugated paper with a basis weight of 133 g/m2 was implemented in an actual project in a paper mill.

New Energy Aggregators Optimal Dispatching Strategies Based on Price Incentive Agreement

The ubiquitous power Internet of things (UPIoT) can realize the wide interconnection of all links of the power system. Based on this background, this paper proposes the price incentive agreement of distributed new energy aggregators and establishes distributed dispatching architecture. Firstly, the information transmission matrix of distributed new energy aggregators with the property of double random matrix is established, and the distributed sub-gradient algorithm based on information transmission matrix is used to solve the distributed dispatching model of new energy aggregators. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the optimization model and its solution method are analyzed through simulation examples, and the information interrupt, information error that may be encountered are also discussed.