Due to the complexity of dye-sensitized solar cell modules, the conversion efficiency increased slightly over the years of development. The TiO 2 photoelectrode, as core part in the module, plays an important role in the overall performance. Here, we conducted series of associative experiments on modification of the TiO 2 photoelectrode to achieve a better performance. The paste was prepared using conventional P-25 powder, and the conversion efficiency was found to be increased from the initial 1.41% to 2.48% by optimizing paste additives. Further, a merchandised paste with smaller particle size was introduced to fabricate a double-layer cell with the P-25 paste, followed by a surface treatment with TiCl 4. The final result was observed to be quite satisfactory with a sharp increase in the conversion efficiency of 6.51%.