Double Diamond Research Articles

A longitudinal study combining the Double Diamond framework and Behavior Change Wheel to co-create a sedentary behavior intervention in police control rooms.

Police work can be sedentary and stressful, negatively impacting health and wellbeing. In a novel co-creation approach, we used the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) and Double Diamond (DD) design framework to guide the collaborative design and development of a sedentary behavior intervention in the control rooms of two British police forces. Multiple stakeholders participated in four phases of research. In Phase 1, a literature review, focus groups (n=20) and interviews (n=10) were conducted to 'discover' the relationship between physical activity and wellbeing in the police. In Phase 2, a steering group consolidated Phase 1 findings to 'define' a specific behavior for intervention. Phases 3 and 4 'developed' the intervention across six workshops with control room workers and six steering group workshops. The co-creation process identified contextual sedentary behavior as the target behavior, driven by behavioral regulation, social influence and social norms. The sedentary behavior intervention targeted these drivers and aimed to engage control room workers in short bursts of physical activity throughout their shifts. Key intervention features targeted involvement of staff in decision-making and embedding physical activity into work practices. The BCW and DD can be combined to co-create evidence-based and participant-informed interventions and translate science into action.

Perancangan Ulang Desain UI/UX Website Digilib Universitas Sriwijaya Menggunakan Metode Double Diamond

Perancangan Ulang Desain UI/UX Website Digilib Universitas Sriwijaya Menggunakan Metode Double Diamond

Collective intelligence for fighting food waste: changing the way things are done with participatory design

PurposeThis study aims to explore the use of a double diamond design method to engage the industry in a sector-wide response to the issues of food waste as constructed by consumers. This particular design method is achieved by an exploration of a collective intelligence-participatory design (CIPD) project to engage industry participants in understanding and responding to consumers’ perceptions of the role of packaging in reducing food waste.Design/methodology/approachUsing the UK Design Council’s double diamond design method as a guiding conceptual principle, the project recruited industry participants from medium to large food businesses across various food categories. Two scoping workshops with industry were held prior to the initiation of a 12-stage project (n = 57), and then two industry workshops were held (n = 4 and 14). Eighty participants completed an online qualitative survey, and 23 industry participants took part in a Think Tank Sprint Series. The Think Tanks used participatory design approaches to understand barriers and opportunities for change within food industry sub-sectors and test the feasibility and acceptability of package designs to reduce consumer waste.FindingsFor CIPD to work for complex problems involving industry, it is vital that stakeholders across macro- and micro-subsystems are involved and that adequate time is allowed to address that complexity. Using both the right tools for engagement and the involvement of the right mix of representatives across various sectors of industry is critical to reducing blame shift. The process of divergence and convergence allowed clear insight into the long-term multi-pronged approach needed for the complex problem.Originality/valueParticipatory design has been useful within various behaviour change settings. This paper has demonstrated the application of the double diamond model in a social marketing setting, adding value to an industry-wide project that included government, peak bodies, manufacturing and production and retailers.

Applying the Double Diamond Model to Enhance Service Design in Urban Family Kitchens

Applying the Double Diamond Model to Enhance Service Design in Urban Family Kitchens

Braille glove design toward interdisciplinary approach for visually impaired people: developing independent sensing design with MXene and embroidery

This study developed a wearable device designed to aid visually impaired people (VIP) who are unfamiliar with Braille and/or struggle to learn and use Braille employing the design thinking process. VIP often face challenges in learning and using Braille, and even with existing equipment, including smart technologies, they frequently experience aesthetic and emotional discomfort beyond usability and accessibility. The interdisciplinary research team conducted mixed-method research following the double diamond module of the design thinking process. Initially, qualitative interviews to analyze VIP’s Braille utilization were conducted to derive design factors. Subsequently, identified design factors were applied to conduct experiments with appropriate embroidery methods and connection structures using MXene-coated yarn. The strategies effectively enhanced pressure sensing performance by two times and realized highly localized and independent sensing to enable Braille recognition. Finally, a specific design for the wearable Braille recognition glove was proposed that incorporated these findings. The proposed wearable glove, equipped with a high-performance Braille recognition sensor, is designed to enhance the psychological and aesthetic satisfaction of VIP. The glove’s universal design and accompanying technical support allow VIP to maintain their existing Braille reading methods while enjoying enhanced performance and avoiding social stigmas.

DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC VIBRATING CHAIR WITH ECCENTRIC-AND-PITMAN FOR PROLONGED SEDENTARY ACTIVITIES

Sedentary behavior has become one of main inducted cause of physical decline. The pressure of modern life has further increased more working or studying time at home or office, contributing to the growing population of sedentary people furthermore. Prolonged sitting will affect people’s physical health, injuring our muscles, and causing physical discomfort. Seriously, it will lead to death. The purpose of this paper is to design a small convenient automatic vibrative chair for sedentary groups, which are driven by eccentric-and-pitman drive system, producing vibration and body movement to relieve physical problems. Double diamond design thinking method was used to find out the health problems including sedentariness and isolation. As a solution, design of the vibrative automatic chair was set as the theme of this study. The automatic vibrative chair was designed with biomimetic method, combining with industrial design principles and mechanical theories throughout structural design. The vibrating performance of the chair was verified using simulation method by adopting SolidWorks software.

Loading and structural stiffness of tandem bicycle frames

Tandem bicycles are used for all para-cycling events for visually impaired athletes. Tandems are structurally more challenging to design than solo bicycles: they must resist higher loading over a longer wheelbase, yet must still fit between the legs of the riders. Despite this, there is limited published work on tandem design. This paper presents a method for determining maximal loading of a tandem bicycle frame in racing scenarios. The only inputs required are the dimensions of the frame and the torques exerted by the riders. Outputs are the forces acting on the frame. The method is used to provide loads for structural analyses of tandem frames of different topologies. Twisting of the frame under a starting effort is shown to be the worst load case. The “double diamond” is shown to be the most efficient tubular frame design, on a stiffness per weight basis, but is only 2% superior to an “open” topology.

Survival strategies for the transformation of traditional Japanese crafts based on the Double Diamond model

Traditional crafting is challenged by a weakening demand due to lifestyle changes and rampant, cheap alternative imports. With great difficulties in tapping into new markets and scarce successors carrying forward crafting traditions, external support is required to facilitate a positive transformation of traditional crafting. This study selected six cases as examples of positive transformation in traditional crafting designated by the Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI). Field interviews and investigations were performed, followed by a craft transformation framework based on the Double Diamond model. This study classified the survival strategies of traditional Japanese crafting industries into internal and external environmental reforms through an extensive literature review. Internal environmental reforms are related to collaborative reconstruction, design creativity, and brand recognizability. In contrast, external environmental reforms pertain to industry tours, industry-government-university-institution collaboration, and diverse marketization. This study’s findings are as follows: 1. Crafting survival strategies effectively promote public cultural recognition of its tradition; 2. Analyses of survival strategies through internal and external environmental reforms might inspire sustained operation of crafting traditions; 3. Craft transformation might contribute to cultural reflections in the past and present. Japanese crafting traditions should survive and thrive generation after generation through fueling by survival strategies.

Gradient Transformation of the Double Gyroid to the Double Diamond in Soft Matter.

Transitions between gyroid and diamond intercatenated double network phases occur in many types of soft matter, but to date, the structural pathway and the crystallographic relationships remain unclear. Slice and view scanning electron microscopy tomography of a diblock copolymer affords monitoring of the evolving shape of the intermaterial dividing surface, allowing structural characterization of both the majority and minority domains. Two trihedral malleable mesoatoms combine to form a single tetrahedral mesoatom in a volume additive manner while preserving network topology, as the types of loops, the number of mesoatoms in a loop, minority domain strut lengths, and directions that connect a given mesoatom to its neighbors evolve across a 150 nm wide transition zone (TZ). The [111]DD direction is coincident with the [110]DG direction so that the (111)DD and (110)DG planes define the boundaries of the TZ. Selection of the particular crystal orientations and direction and width of the transition zone is to minimize the cost of morphing the mesoatoms from one structure to the other, by maximizing like-block continuity and minimizing the variation of the surface curvature and thickness of the domains across the TZ. Such coherent continuity of the independent, intercatenated networks across the transition zone is critical for applications such as graded mechanical trusses where the pair of different networks are joined to provide different mechanical properties for adjacent grains or could serve as a nanoscale anode/cathode allowing super charging and discharging provided the networks are continuous and rigorously separate.

VISUALISASI LIRIK LAGU “LIR ILIR” UNTUK ANAK-ANAK BERBASIS METODE DOUBLE DIAMOND

“Lir Ilir”, a folk song composed by Sunan Kalijaga, contains righteous meaning that teaches life lessons to human beings. The development of technology and information at the present time has triggered Indonesian children to be closer to and familiar with foreign cultures which may bring about negative impact on the preservation of Indonesian culture. Indonesian children become more familiar with foreign language songs rather than with Indonesian folk songs. Accordingly, the values of local culture may diminish over time when children tend to appreciate other cultures than their own one. The current study aims to create a visualization design of the lyrics of “Lir Ilir” as a complementary media of recognizing folk song to appeal mainly to children. The study employs Double Diamond design method approach. At the development phase, the cost-benefit matrix is used as a validation tool. The study results in four illustration posters employing the illustration styles of realistic, cute childlike, and spread illustrations in accordance with parts of stanzas in “Lir Ilir” lyrics. The visualization design of “Lir Ilir” may help Indonesian children to recognize, understand, and interpret the values of local cultures in Indonesia. Lyrics of Lir Ilir is one of the examples providing this purpose.

Increasing the Accessibility of Internal Catalytic Sites in Covalent Organic Frameworks by Introducing a Bicontinuous Mesostructure.

Introducing continuous mesochannels into covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to increase the accessibility of their inner active sites has remained a major challenge. Here, we report the synthesis of COFs with an ordered bicontinuous mesostructure, via a block copolymer self-assembly-guided nanocasting strategy. Three different mesostructured COFs are synthesized, including two covalent triazine frameworks and one vinylene-linked COF. The new materials are endowed with a hierarchical meso/microporous architecture, in which the mesochannels exhibit an ordered shifted double diamond (SDD) topology. The hierarchically porous structure can enable efficient hole-electron separation and smooth mass transport to the deep internal of the COFs and consequently high accessibility of their active catalytic sites. Benefiting from this hierarchical structure, these COFs exhibit excellent performance in visible-light-driven catalytic NO removal with a high conversion percentage of up to 51.4 %, placing them one of the top reported NO-elimination photocatalysts. This study represents the first case of introducing a bicontinuous structure into COFs, which opens a new avenue for the synthesis of hierarchically porous COFs and for increasing the utilization degree of their internal active sites.

Etnography in Sever Do Vouga: Reality<>Change First Step to Engage a Creative and Rural Community

This article reflects the ethnographic work carried out in Sever do Vouga, during the year 2022, within the scope of ongoing doctoral research. This step is the first phase of a set of six that make up the “Reality <> Change” methodology - an adaptation of the “Double Diamond” model developed by the Design Council (2019) made by researchers from ID+ and DESIS - which aims to to study the impact of Creative Industries in combating population decline in rural environments. Sever do Vouga is the place chosen to develop this investigation, as a result of the author’s contact with this territory since 2013. It is also the objective of this investigation to prove and verify this methodology.

Winning at Home and Abroad: A Generalized Double Diamond Framework for Selected CEE Countries

Winning at Home and Abroad: A Generalized Double Diamond Framework for Selected CEE Countries

Pevesindo Visual Identity Design

<p class="5Abstract">PT Alastri Teguh International (PT ATI) is the leading distributor of the Natapon and Genius brands that manage building materials from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Using a complete trading system to market PVC ceiling products in the south Sulawesi region makes product price stability unstable. Therefore, PT ATI created a new brand called Pevesindo, aimed at managing new businesses in the Java area and being a differentiator from the previous brands (Natapon and Genius). Pevesindo requires a visual identity with consistent and precise application. In order to support the company's image to make it easier for people to remember and recognize Pevesindo. This design uses a qualitative approach by adapting the Double Diamond design model from the Design Council. It has four stages that help the design process: Discover and Define (a research process that refers to problems), Discover and Deliver (the process of execution to the final result). The data obtained will be analyzed using a SWOT analysis. The resulting design is visual identity in the form of logos, typography, color variations, supergraphics, brand guidelines, and examples of the application of visual identity to the media to be used.</p>

A Closed-Loop Falls Monitoring and Prevention App for Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Practice: Human-Centered Design of the Multiple Sclerosis Falls InsightTrack.

Falls are common in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), causing injuries, fear of falling, and loss of independence. Although targeted interventions (physical therapy) can help, patients underreport and clinicians undertreat this issue. Patient-generated data, combined with clinical data, can support the prediction of falls and lead to timely intervention (including referral to specialized physical therapy). To be actionable, such data must be efficiently delivered to clinicians, with care customized to the patient's specific context. This study aims to describe the iterative process of the design and development of Multiple Sclerosis Falls InsightTrack (MS-FIT), identifying the clinical and technological features of this closed-loop app designed to support streamlined falls reporting, timely falls evaluation, and comprehensive and sustained falls prevention efforts. Stakeholders were engaged in a double diamond process of human-centered design to ensure that technological features aligned with users' needs. Patient and clinician interviews were designed to elicit insight around ability blockers and boosters using the capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior (COM-B) framework to facilitate subsequent mapping to the Behavior Change Wheel. To support generalizability, patients and experts from other clinical conditions associated with falls (geriatrics, orthopedics, and Parkinson disease) were also engaged. Designs were iterated based on each round of feedback, and final mock-ups were tested during routine clinical visits. A sample of 30 patients and 14 clinicians provided at least 1 round of feedback. To support falls reporting, patients favored a simple biweekly survey built using REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture; Vanderbilt University) to support bring-your-own-device accessibility-with optional additional context (the severity and location of falls). To support the evaluation and prevention of falls, clinicians favored a clinical dashboard featuring several key visualization widgets: a longitudinal falls display coded by the time of data capture, severity, and context; a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and evidence-based checklist of actions intended to evaluate and prevent falls; and MS resources local to a patient's community. In-basket messaging alerts clinicians of severe falls. The tool scored highly for usability, likability, usefulness, and perceived effectiveness (based on the Health IT Usability Evaluation Model scoring). To our knowledge, this is the first falls app designed using human-centered design to prioritize behavior change and, while being accessible at home for patients, to deliver actionable data to clinicians at the point of care. MS-FIT streamlines data delivery to clinicians via an electronic health record-embedded window, aligning with the 5 rights approach. Leveraging MS-FIT for data processing and algorithms minimizes clinician load while boosting care quality. Our innovation seamlessly integrates real-world patient-generated data as well as clinical and community-level factors, empowering self-care and addressing the impact of falls in people with MS. Preliminary findings indicate wider relevance, extending to other neurological conditions associated with falls and their consequences.

Flexible Block Copolymer Metamaterials Featuring Hollow Ordered Nanonetworks with Ultra-High Porosity and Surface-To-Volume Ratio.

By utilizing bicontinuous and nanoporous ordered nanonetworks, such as double gyroid (DG) and double diamond (DD), metamaterials with exceptional optical and mechanical properties can be fabricated through the templating synthesis of functional materials. However, the volume fraction range of DG in block copolymers is significantly narrow, making it unable to vary its porosity and surface-to-volume ratio. Here, the theoretically limited structural volume of the DG phase in coil-coil copolymers is overcome by enlarging the conformational asymmetry through the association of mesogens, providing fast access to achieving flexible structured materials of ultra-high porosities. The new materials design, dual-extractable nanocomposite, is created by incorporating a photodegradable block with a solvent-extractable mesogen (m) into an accepting block, resulting in a new hollow gyroid (HG) with the largely increased surface-to-volume ratio and porosity of 77 vol%. The lightweight HG exhibits a low refractive index of 1.11 and a very high specific reduced modulus, almost two times that of the typical negative gyroid (porosity≈53%) and three times that of the positive gyroid (porosity≈24%). This novel concept can significantly extend the DG phase window of block copolymers and the corresponding surface-to-volume ratio, being applicable for nanotemplate-synthesized nanomaterials with a great gain of mechanical, catalytic, and optoelectronic properties.

Implementasi Re-design UI/UX Website Fumigasi Untuk Meningkatkan Customer Experience

Fumigation website is a website owned by PT. Prana Argentum which is used as a platform for disseminating information related to pest control. However, based on interviews with company owners, there are some drawbacks such as the appearance of the website is not very user friendly, the information provided is difficult to find. This is also supported by the results of the UEQ pre-survey of website users, where the results of the 6 UEQ scale get the "bad" criterion, which means the low usability value of the website. This study aims to determine the suitability of the company's website in improving customer experience. To overcome the display problems on the website, a solution is needed, namely redesigning the UI/UX design using the double diamond methodology and usability testing along with UEQ. The result of this research is a redesign of the UI/UX design by adding new features such as a price quote feature, an appointment feature, and a transaction feature. To improve the customer experience, researchers also pay attention to the use of colors, fonts, language styles, to user-friendly navigation flows. In this study, two types of tests were carried out, namely usability testing with the Maze tools and UEQ testing. The usability testing results obtained a usability score of 87 which can be said to be good in terms of its usability value. Based on the results of the UEQ test, it is known that there is an increase in the mean value on all UEQ scales. It is proved that the highest mean value is on the perspicuity scale of 2.09 points and the lowest value is on the novelty scale with a value of 1.53 points. the results of the UI/UX website design of PT. Prana Argentum Corporation is classified as good, proper, and acceptable to users.

Double diamond approach helping multidisciplinary health research team to mitigate infrastructure limitations

The Double Diamond approach was used to creatively solve problems during bioengineering projects and facilitate a bioprinting protocol in the hard science. Users reported difficulties while using a inkjet bioprinter for specific research involving overprint and predefined location in ophthalmic applications. Given the laboratory’s limited financial resources, the pursuit of low-cost solutions became essential, and the Double Diamond approach played a pivotal role in finding them. This method was chosen due to its high resolubility focused on generating creative solutions. Moreover, its emphasis on User Experience made it an accessible design process, benefiting both designers and non-designers and enhancing user adherence while enabling easy application within the multidisciplinary team. As a result of this research, a solution was discovered, allowing researchers to overcome the problem and continue their ongoing work while also facilitating the development of new projects. In conclusion, the successful implementation of the Double Diamond approach in this specific application highlights its potential to address challenges across diverse projects. Its adaptable nature and emphasis on user-centricity make it a valuable tool in tackling complex issues in various fields of development.

Creating an Intercultural User-Centric Design for a Digital Sexual Health Education App for Young Women in Resource-Poor Regions of Kenya: Qualitative Self-Extended Double Diamond Model for Requirements Engineering Analysis

Background The stigmatization around sexual health due to culture, religious traditions, and norms leads to myths and a lack of available information and resources related to universal access to sexual and reproductive health services. Additional sexual health education not being part of the Kenya school curriculum leads to insufficient access to knowledge about safe contraception, menstruation, and female genital mutilation. A digital app could support and provide education and information for universal equal access, addressing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 3, 4, and 5. Objective The study targeted the requirements for establishing a reusable framework to develop a successful accessible web-based sexual health education app and the behavioral intention to use it to obtain sexual health information by mainly young women in Kenya. Methods The double diamond model, with a problem room including the discover and define phases, enriched with cultural aspects and modeled to a self-expanded intercultural research model was used in a user-centered design thinking approach to develop a framework for requirements engineering analysis. For problem identification, semistructured pilot phase interviews based on Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines were conducted, followed by expert interviews for qualitative content analysis. A sample size of 12 pilot phase interviews and 5 expert interviews was determined using data saturation. The responses were coded and analyzed according to the affinity mapping method. Results The requirements engineering analysis showed potential enablers of and barriers to the use of a digital sexual health education app. Through this qualitative study, a conservative cultural background, classic text communication, and the influence of social affiliation within society were identified as barriers, which should be enhanced through visual and auditory channels as well as a fictional character in the app. Conclusions The developed intercultural research model provides an impetus to providing digital sexual health education, integrating culture-specific aspects in the design process, while focusing on cultural and religious stigmata. The reusable framework enables identifying and overcoming hurdles in providing information about taboo and intimate topics. The overall use of online education tools focusing on intimate topics is correlated with accessibility and understanding specific cultural needs while delivering content on a basic and comprehensive level. It helps the target user from a social conservative background and in resource-poor circumstances to benefit from a digital educational solution.

HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION: ENHANCING USER EXPERIENCE IN INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS

In this research, we investigate how human-computer interaction (HCI) can be used to improve the user experience (UX) of interactive systems. Studies in cognitive psychology, information processing, and human factors are examined as they relate to the development of HCI. It highlights how HCI has shifted its focus from functionality to user-friendliness, teaching ability, efficiency, enjoyment, and emotion. To better understand the current state of HCI and UX research, practice, and theory, a systematic literature study is performed. Focusing on users' goals wants, and characteristics at every stage of the design process is central to user-centered design (UCD) ideas and approaches, which are discussed at length in this article. We investigate usability testing as a crucial technique for bettering HCI, focusing on its advantages in pinpointing usability problems, boosting system efficacy, and boosting user pleasure. Methods for creating tests, finding participants, collecting data, and analyzing results are discussed. The importance of prototype methods in HCI and user-centric design is also emphasized in the study. This article delves into the practice of creating prototypes to collect user feedback, iterate designs, and perfect interactive systems. Techniques covered include paper prototyping, interactive wireframes, and high-fidelity prototypes. We propose interaction design frameworks like the User-Centered Design Process (UCDP) and the Double Diamond model to help designers prioritize users when developing interactive systems. The study also delves into how technologies like augmented reality, virtual reality, natural language processing, machine learning, and gesture-based interfaces have revolutionized HCI in recent years. The paper defends user-centric design's place in HCI, pointing out how UX affects user happiness, participation, and output. Researchers and practitioners in HCI and software engineering can greatly benefit from this paper's findings.