Doses Of Biofertilizer Research Articles

The Effect of Agrobost Biofertilizer on the Growth and Productivity of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Variety Granola L

Potato is a staple food substitute that has a high consumption value. Potato productivity in Indonesia is still inadequate, especially for high-quality seeds. Agrobost is a biological fertilizer that contains microorganisms that can help provide nutrients for plants and can increase the productivity of potato plants. This study aims to determine the effect and optimum dose of agrobost biofertilizer on the growth and productivity of potato (Solanum tuberosum) Granola L variety. The research design used was a non-factorial randomized block design (RAK) with 6 levels of dose treatment and 4 repetitions. The doses used were 0 ml (d0/control), 5 ml (d1), 10 ml (d2), 15 ml (d3), 20 ml (d4), and 25 ml (d5). Parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, plant wet weight, plant dry weight, total number of tubers, and total weight of tubers. The data obtained quantitatively were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a 5% honest real difference test (BNJ). It was found that the application of Agrobost biofertilizer had a significant effect on the weight of potato tubers but had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of plants and the number of potato tubers. Agrobost biofertilizer with a dose of 20 ml/L produced the highest average tuber weight, which was 7.71 grams.

Effectiveness of using the dose of mycorrhiza bio-fertilizers to increase growth and production of red paprika (Capsicum annum L.) in Ultisol Aceh

Using dose mycorrhizal bio-fertilizers can spur the growth and production of red paprika (Capsicum annum L.) on Ultisol Aceh. Besides that, it can also increase root colonization by mycorrhizal and P2O5 uptake, which red paprika plants need to produce high growth and yield. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of dose bio-fertilizer mycorrhizal on the growth and production of red paprika in Ultisols Aceh. The research was arranged by a non-factorial randomized block design with three replications. The investigated factor was the dose of bio-fertilizer mycorrhizal from local specific strain mixing between Glomus mosseae and Gigaspora sp. The dose of the mycorrhizal bio-fertilizer used was control (without mycorrhizal) of each plant, 5, 10, and 15 gram. The observed parameters were plant height and stem diameter of red paprika at 15, 30, and 45 days after transplanting; additionally, the parameter of red paprika production was observed at 125 days after transplanting and P2O5 uptake and root colonization by mycorrhizae at 60 days after transplanting. The results showed that the best dose of mycorrhizal bio-fertilizers on growth and production, root colonization, P2O5 uptake was found in the treatment of doses of 10-gram mycorrhizal bio-fertilizer for each plant.

Testing The Effectiveness Of Biological Agents As Biofertilizers On The Growth Of Two Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.) In Screen House

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food commodities for human nutritional needs. The amount of rice consumption per capita per week in 2017 was 1,571 (BPS, 2018). Population growth over time has resulted in increased demand for rice in Indonesia. Therefore, the demand for rice by the Indonesian people is very high. The problem is that the demand for local rice in Indonesia is still low, so one way to meet the demand for rice in Indonesia is through imports. Utilization of water and land resources is one of the common challenges faced in realizing national food security (Fita et al., 2013). Low productivity of rice plants is generally caused by biological, physical, and chemical soil problems. One of the efforts to increase the productivity of rice plants is by utilizing biological resources such as biofertilizers.The objectives of this study were to determine the appropriate dose of biofertilizer that will affect the growth of rice plants, determine the combination of biofertilizer and application interval that affects the growth of rice plants, and determine the effect of biofertilizer application on 2 varieties of rice plants (Ciherang and IR 64). The design used in this study was a factorial complete randomized block design (RKLT) to determine the interaction and effect of each factor. Then DMRT (Duncan's test) was conducted to determine the best treatment. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the interaction between biofertilizer treatment and rice varieties had significant effects on almost all observed variables except stem diameter at 70 HST, number of clumps at 42 HST, number of productive tillers, and weight of planted seeds. The combination of biofertilizer treatment and rice variety had inconsistent effects on growth parameters and rice yield.

THE APPLICATION OF BIOFERTILIZER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MELON VARIETIES (Cucumis melo L.)

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is one of potential horticultural crop in Indonesia. Unfortunately, melon production is currently unable to meet national demand. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofertilizer, varieties and interaction between the dose of biofertilizer and varieties on the growth and yield of melons. The study was conducted in January-April 2021 at Paloh Lada Village, Dewantara District and the Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Malikussaleh. These experiments were arranged in a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was biofertilizer (P) consisting of 4 levels: P0 (0 ml/L), P1 (5 ml/L), P2 (10 ml/L) and P3 (15 ml/L) and the second factor was melon varieties (V): V1 (F1 Pertiwi Anvi) and V2 (F1 Action 88). There was 8 treatment combinations with 3 replications, resulted in 24 experimental units. The interaction between biofertilizers and varieties gave significant effect on the growth and yield of melon, while the interactions between bio fertilizer did not differ on all variables observed. The application of biological fertilizer 10 ml/L on V1 variety (F1 Pertiwi Anvi) is recommendable. There was an interaction between of biological fertilizers and melon varieties on the total dissolved solids (Brix %).

Effects of NPK, Bio-Fertilizers and Manures on Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.) and Soil Nutrients Content in Maiduguri, Nigeria

A pot experiment was carried out at screen house, Faculty of Agriculture University of Maiduguri to compare the effect of NPK, bio-fertilizers and manures applications on growth and nutrient uptake by maize. The experiment consisted of 9 treatments of combined application of NPK at half and full recommended rates for maize, Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescence biofertilizers and cow dung and poultry manures and replicated three times in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Result of the treatment having half recommended dose of NPK, biofertilizers and poultry manure recorded the highest plant height at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting (95.19 cm, 148.63 cm, 149.63 cm, respectively) the highest total shoot and root fresh and dry weights (74.40 g, 196.93 g, 28.83 g, 46.93 g/plant, respectively). Higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of the soil (2.76 g/kg N 0.13 mg/kg P2O5 and 1.41 Cmol/kg K2Osoil) were also recorded with the above treatments.

Yield of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under biofertilizer doses and application intervals

ABSTRACT Due to the water restriction, associated with the high cost of fertilizers, and the need to produce forage in the semi-arid regions, studies using biofertilizers in cactus pear production tend to become impactful. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphometric characteristics and yield of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under doses and application intervals of bovine manure biofertilizer. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme, with two biofertilizer application intervals (14 and 21 days) and five biofertilizer doses (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 m3 ha-1). Three replicates were used, totaling 30 experimental units. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, number of cladodes, cladode length, cladode width and cladode area index, dry biomass percentage, and green and dry biomass yields. The use of 60 m3 ha-1 of liquid cattle manure biofertilizer increased the yield of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear. The application of 60 m3 ha-1 of biofertilizer at the interval of 14 days increased the yield of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear.

REDUCING CHEMICAL FERTILIZER IN SWEET POTATO CULTIVATION BY USING MIXED BIOFERTILIZER

Biofertilizer enable to improve nutrient cycle in soil and induce plant growth and production, but sweet potatoes farmers in Indonesia are still use only chemical fertilizer as a source of plant nutrient. The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effect of different doses of consortium biofertilizer to reduce chemical fertilizer dose; and maintain yield and sweetness of two sweet potato varieties. The experimental design was completely randomized block design which tested six combinations of different chemical fertilizer and biofertilizer doses. Analysis of variance was performed to determine any significant differences between the means of treatments. The results showed that the response of both sweet potatoes varieties on combined application of chemical and bio fertilizer was differ. All treatments did not change tuber number and weight of sweet potato var. Awachy-1 but increased those of var. Rancing. Application of diazotrophic bacteria (Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Acinetobacter) mixed with phosphate solubilizing microbes (Pseudomonas and Penicillium) with reduced fertilizer doses up to 75% did not alter soil available nitrogen and phosphorous. Despite different fertilizer rates, tubers number of both sweet potato varieties in individual plot was similar. Yield did not change due to reduction of fertilizer dose up to 75% when biofertilizer was applied. However, yield was potentially decreased when chemical fertilizer was only 50%. All fertilizer treatments did not change the sweetness of tuber which indicated by constant brix. Research suggested that biofertilizer might substitute 25% of chemical fertilizer to obtain the same yield and quality of tuber, and maintain the availability soil nitrogen and phosphorous.

Pengaruh Aplikasi N, P dan K serta Pupuk Hayati terhadap P-Tersedia, Serapan P, dan Hasil Jagung Manis

Sweet corn is one of the profitable crops with high prospect in Indonesia. Unfornately corn production in Indonesia remained low. This experiment aimed to determine the effect of biofertilizer application along with N, P and K fertilizer Towards phosphor availability, phosphor uptake, and sweet corn yield. The research was conducted at the experimental field of Soil Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor from October 2020 until January 2021. The experiment design was Randomized Block Design (RBD) with nine treatments consisted of one control treatment, one N, P and K fertilizer treatment (300 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, dan 50 kg KCl), one N, P, and K ¾ + ¾ recommended biofertilizer dose , one dose of N, P, and K ¾ + one recommended biofertilizer dose, one N, P, and ¾ K dose + 1½ recommended biofertilizer dose , one dose of N, P, and one dose of K + ½ recommended biofertilizer dose, one N, P, and one K dose + ¾ recommended biofertilizer dose, one N, P, and one K dose + 1 recommended biofertilizer dose, and one N, P, and one K dose + 1½ recommended biofertilizer dose. The experimental results showed that combination treatments N, P and K fertilizer with biofertilizer has a significant impact on phosphor availability, phosphor uptake, and sweet corn yield. The ¾ N, P and K with one recommended biofertilizer dose, treatment showed the best result on phosphor availability (17,23 ppm), phosphor uptake (0,087 mg/plant), and yield of sweet corn 474,97 g/plant.

The Effect of Different Rate of Biofertilizer on the Growth Performance and Yield of Rice

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important cereal in the world and can be grown in different habitats such as lowland, irrigated and upland rice. In order to study the effects of biofertilizer on the growth performance and yield of rice, the experiment was carried out using Complete Randomized Design (CRD) based on 5 treatments with 5 replications. The control treatment (T0) was 100% of NPK fertilizer, treatment 1 (T1) was 30% biofertilizer and 70% NPK fertilizer, treatment 2 (T2) was 50% biofertilizer and 50% NPK fertilizer, treatment 3 (T3) was 70% biofertilizer and 30% NPK and treatment 4 (T4) was 100% biofertilizer. The rice variety used was MR 220 and different doses of biofertilizer were applied 4 times. Each of the application was mixed with inorganic fertilizer NPK at a recommended rate. The parameters used in this study were number of leaves, number of tillers, number of panicles, height of rice, 1000-grain weight and fresh weight. In this experiment, treatment 2 (50% biofertilizer and 50% NPK) showed positive result for all parameters and has significant difference between the treatments. Treatment 3 (70% biofertilizer and 30% NPK) showed the lowest means for most of the parameters. Thus, from this study, the combination of 50% biofertilizer with 50% chemical fertilizer is proved to boost a better growth and yield of rice.

Growth of cowpea submitted to mineral fertilization and different doses of biofertilizer

In the Northern region, the cultivation of cowpea is mainly carried out by small producers, who have little financial and technological resources to optimize and increase production. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of cowpea subjected to mineral fertilization and doses of biofertilizer produced in domestic compost. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment, covered with a 50% shade screen, at the Federal University of Western Pará (UFOPA), Santarém PA, in 2017. Seeds were arranged in 5 L pots, containing 3.5 Kg of Yellow Latosol. For sowing, 3 seeds per pot were used and thinning occurred 7 days after seedling emergence, leaving only the most vigorous. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with subdivided plots, where the plots were the doses of biofertilizer (50, 100, 150 and 200 mL plant-1 + mineral fertilizer) and the subplots, the time periods: T1 (0 to 20 days), T2 (24 to 33 days), T3 (37 to 47 days) and T4 (51 to 61 days), containing five repetitions. Plant height, stem diameter, absolute stem growth rate and absolute growth rate in stem thickness were evaluated. The greatest growth of cowpea was obtained in treatments with mineral fertilization. The dose of 200 mL plant-1 of the biofertilizer showed results close to mineral fertilization, in different vegetative stages. Cowpea plants, starting at 45 DAE, tend to stabilize their growth in diameter.

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Soil Key Enzymes, Plant Growth, Seed Yield, and Qualitative Attributes of Guar

Guar is an economically important legume crop that is used for gum production. The clean and sustainable production of guar, especially in newly reclaimed lands, requires biofertilizers that can reduce the use of mineral fertilizers, which have harmful effects on human health and the environment. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of biofertilizers produced from Bradyrhizobium sp., Bacillus subtilis, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), individually or in combinations, on microbial activity, and nutrients of the soils and the guar growth and seed quality and yield. The application of biofertilizers improved shoot length, root length, number of branches, plant dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content, and nutrient uptake of guar plants compared with the control plants. Moreover, the application with biofertilizers resulted in an obvious increase in seed yield and has improved the total proteins, carbohydrates, fats, starch, and guaran contents in the seeds. Additionally, biofertilizer treatments have improved the soil microbial activity by increasing dehydrogenase, phosphatase, protease, and invertase enzymes. Soil inoculation with the optimized doses of biofertilizers saved about 25% of the chemical fertilizers required for the entire guar growth stages. Our results could serve as a practical strategy for further research into integrated plant-microbe interaction in agriculture.

Effect of Biofertilizer and Salinity on Growth and Chlorophyll Content of Amaranthus tricolor L

Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.) is the most popular crop and vegetable in Indonesia. Their growth can decrease due to abiotic stress on agricultural land. Salinity is one of abiotic stress affects the production of cultivated crops and major problem for agricultural land. Application of biofertilizer can increase availability of nutrients and help plant growth in stress conditions. This research was to analyze the growth and chlorophyll content of A. tricolor L. after application of biofertilizer under salinity stress conditions and to determine the optimum dose of biofertilizer needed for optimum growth of A. tricolor L. under salinity stress condition. The biofertilizer dose used was 10 l/ha, 20 l/ha, and 30 l/ha, each combined with NaCl; 2500, 5000, 7500, and 10000 ppm. The parameters measured were plants’ height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll content. The results showed that salinity treatment reduced plant height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll content. Application of 20 l/ha of biofertilizer increased plant height and number of leaves while application of 10 l/ha of biofertilizer increased chlorophyll content. Generally, it was conducted that biofertilizer can be used to increasing plant growth and chlorophyll content of A. tricolor L. under salinity stress condition.

The Impact of Biofertilizers and NPK Fertilizers Application on Soil Phosphorus Availability and Yield of Upland Rice in Tropic Dry Land

Dry land in Indonesia is dominated by marginal soil which have low macro nutrient content, low organic matter content and low soil microbial activity. Improving soil quality it is necessary to increase nutrients availability such as biofertilizers application. Biofertilizers contains beneficial microbial inoculants to increase soil nutrient availability. The use of biofertilizers combined with NPK fertilizer will increase macro nutrients availability and optimize plant growth, thus will increase fertilizers efficiency. This experiment was carried out to study the impact of biofertilizers on available-P, plant P-uptake and yield of upland rice at Land Research of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran. This experiment used a randomized block design consisting of ten treatments and three replications The treatments consisted with two doses of biofertilizers (50 kg ha-1 and 75 kg ha-1) and three doses of N,P,K fertilizers (100%, 75%, and 50% from recommended doses). Biofertilizers contains N-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing microbes. The result of experiment showed that application of biofertilizers 75 kg ha-1 and biofertilizers 50 kg ha-1 + N, P, K 50% increased soil phosphorus availability. The application of biofertilizers increased P-uptake up to 81%. Futhermore, biofertilizers 75 kg ha-1 + N, P, K 75% increased the yield of upland rice by 164%.

The Effect of Biofertilizer and Salinity Stress on Amaranthus tricolor L. Growth and Total Leaf Chlorophyll Content

Amaranth is one of the most consumed vegetables in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the productions of plants are affected by productivity and environmental factors such as abiotic stresses. One of these is salinity, which affects plant growth and becomes an issue in the agricultural sector. Moreover, biofertilizer contains microbial elements that are necessary for plant growth and play an important role in the nutrient cycle of the soil. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of biofertilizer combined with NaCl on Amaranthus tricolor L. growth. The biofertilizer doses used were 10 L/ha, 20 L /ha, and 30 L /ha, each combined with manure fertilizer and 2500 ppm, 5000 ppm, 7500 ppm, and 10.000 ppm of NaCl. The parameters were measured using quantitative methods while a UV-vis spectrophotometer was used for the chlorophyll content. Meanwhile, the results were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA method at a 95% of confidence level. This analysis showed that the highest amaranth growth was found in 0 l/ ha of biofertilizer combined with 7500 ppm Na Cl treatment, a number of leaves in 10 l/ha biofertilizer, and 2500 ppm NaCl, and chlorophyll content in 30 l/ha biofertilizer. Based on the results, biofertilizer had an insignificant effect on plant growth while fertilizer had, while the most appropriate biofertilizer dose for chlorophyll content was 30 l/ha.

EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH PARAMETERS OF MEDICINAL COLEUS (COLEUS FORSKOHLII BRIQ.)

Medicinal coleus (Coleus forskohlii Briq.) is one of the commercial Indian medicinal herb. It plays an important role in medicinal industry. The demand of tuberous roots is very high, but the productivity is very low. Therefore the integrated nutrient management could help in achieving higher growth in medicinal coleus. Thus, an experiment was conducted to know the “Effect of Integrated nutrient management on growth of medicinal coleus (Coleus forskohlii Briq.)” at Sirukalathur village, Ariyalur District - Tamilnadu during the year 2018-2020. A field experiment was consist of different combination of nutrients viz., recommended dose of fertilizers, farmyard manure, neem cake, castor cake and bio-fertilizers (Azospirillum and Azotobacter). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 10 treatments and three replications. Among these various treatments tried, plants supplied with T5 (75 % RDF + FYM @ 15 t ha-1 + Castor cake @ 2 t ha-1 + Azotobacter @10 kg ha-1) was recorded maximum growth parameters viz., plant height, number of branches plant-1, plant spread, number of leaves plant-1, leaf area plant-1, LAI, fresh and dry weight of leaves and shoots plant-1 and dry matter production

Growing levels of goat biofertilizer in the initial growth of the pepper

Biofertilizers have been used in agroecological production with the aim of improving conditions for plant development. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of the application of biofertilizer on the initial development of chili peppers (Capsicum frutescens L.). The experiment was installed and conducted under field conditions from October to December 2018, in Chapadinha, city located in Maranhão. A completely randomized design was used, with 4 treatments and 5 repetitions. The experiment corresponded to the application of biofertilizer in concentrations T1: 0%, T2: 20%, T3: 40%, T4: 60% of goat biofertilizer diluted in water. The goat biofertilizer was made using 25 kg of fresh goat manure, 200 g of ash and 500 g of brazilian candy called rapadura. Seedlings with eight definitive leaves were transplanted 0.8 x 1 m apart. The first application of the biofertilizer was performed 15 days after transplanting and the following applications of the biofertilizer were carried out at 10-day intervals until data collection. At 60 days after transplantation, data for each variable were collected. It was observed that the variables responded well to the biofertilizer, revealing significant increases in the growth and development of the pepper plant. It is recommended 4 (four) applications of doses of goat biofertilizer with a concentration between 46% (460 ml L-1) to 48% (480 ml L-1) to obtain pepper seedlings with good phytotechnical quality, because in this range the best results were found for most of the analyzed variables.

Adaptation and Phenotype Varieties of Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Linn. Moench) at Different Altitude

Sorghum is one of the main candidates for bioethanol feedstock. It is easy to cultivate and adapt to various land and altitude criteria but often developed in low land. The study aims to utilize land based on the altitude for the development of several varieties. An experiment was conducted on three different sites: dry land of a forest area with an elevation of 63 m above sea level (asl), on dry land with an elevation of 800 m asl, and on dry land with a height of 67 m asl. The interaction effect of both varieties and mycorrhizal towards adaptation and phenotypic appearance was evaluated. Factorial experiments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design, consisting of varieties and doses of biological fertilizers. The varieties used were Suri-3, Suri-4, Kawali, and Super-2, and doses of biofertilizer were (5, 10, 15) g per plant. In all research locations, the interaction between varieties and doses of biofertilizer only significantly affected the number of internodes. At 67 m asl, the interaction affects the plant height, stem FW, leaf FW, and panicle length. Suri-3 and Super-2 showed the best response on the doses of 5 g per plant, while Suri-4 did on 15 g per plant. Kawali adapts well at 800 m asl and 67 m asl. Kawali achieved the highest panicle length and seed FW at 800 m asl, respectively 34.39 cm and 81.17 g. Super-2 has the best adaptation and phenotype at 63 m asl, with the maximum plant height of 301.28 cm.

Fertilização orgânica e regimes hídricos em mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo desenvolvidas na região semiárida

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of doses of biofertilizer with different water regimes on the growth and phytomass of yellow passion fruit seedlings. The experiment was carried out using a material or substrate of the first 20 cm of a Eutrophic Floss Neossol. The design used was completely randomized (DIC), with a 5x2x2 factorial arrangement, referring to the doses of bovine biofertilizer (0; 200; 400; 600 and 800 mL) diluted in ratio of 1:2, S1- substrate levels 70% soil (1400 mL) + 30% bovine manure (600 mL); S2 - 30% soil (600 mL) + 70% bovine manure (1400 mL) and two water levels in the soil (ADS): L1 = 100% of the water available in the substrate (ADS) and L2 = 60% water available on the substrate, with 4 repetitions, totaling 80 experimental units. After sowing at 110 (DAS), the leaf area (AF) was evaluated; Dry shoot phytomass (FSPA); Dry root phytomass (FSR); Total dry phytomass (FST); Root part shoot (RRPA); Root length (CR) and Pearson's correlation. Passion fruit seedlings under water stress conditions inhibit their growth, but with biofertilizer and cattle manure they result in plants with greater vegetative potential.

Application times and doses of bovine and sheep biofertilizers in the morphophysiological characteristics of green pepper plants

This study aimed to evaluate the morphological characteristics and leaf area of Solário hybrid green pepper plants under different doses and times of application of organic fertilizers based on manure and enriched organic compounds. Two experiments were carried out with applications of organic fertilizers based on manure and enriched organic compounds, using bovine manure (CBF) and sheep manure (SBF). A randomized block experimental design was used was in factorial scheme 4 x 3 + 1, with three replications, composed by the doses of biological fertilizers (100, 200, 300 and 400 dm³ ha-1), application times (0, 30 and 60 days after transplantation - DAT) and control. The following variables were evaluated: plant height (AP); canopy width (LC); stem diameter (DC); leaf number (NF); leaf length (CF); leaf width (LF); and leaf area (PA). The dose of 100 g L-1 of Bovine biofertilizer (CBF) applied at 30 and 60 DAT is indicated for hybrid green peppers cv Solário cultivation since it promoted greater expansion of leaf area. Bovine and sheep fertilizer are indicated to promote plant height, canopy width, stem diameter and number of leaves in hybrid green pepper cv Solário plants.

Effect of compost and chemical fertilizer application on soil physical properties and productivity of sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.)

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important food and cash crop in Pakistan, although less soil fertility (organic matter) and suboptimal application of fertilizers cause nutrient depletion and yield decline. Extensive use of inorganic fertilizers without soil physiochemical analysis is problematic in terms of soil fertility and crop productivity. The application of compost combined with or without chemical fertilizer is considered as a sustainable agricultural production system because it enhances crop productivity and soil fertility. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate the effects of bio-fertilizer (organic compost) (Bio-F), chemical fertilizer (RDF), and controlled (CK) farming treatments on some soil physical properties and crop yield. The seven different farming treatments based on N equivalency (compost nutritional analysis) including sole compost levels (20 and 30 t ha−1), sole chemical fertilizer (NPK, 30 kg ha−1), integrated fertilizer treatments (compost + RDF), and a controlled treatment were laid in a complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications under the same experimental field conditions from 2017 to 2020 cropping seasons. Before sesame production, soil samples at a depth of (0–15 cm, 15–30 cm) were analyzed to determine the effect of different farming treatments on soil physical properties. A significantly higher grain yield of sesame (805.1 kg ha−1) was obtained from Bio-F3 integrated fertilizer application (30 t ha−1 + ½ RDF). The treatments with higher doses of bio-fertilizer (compost) have a significant reduction in soil weight (bulk density), while the increase has been observed in the porosity values. Compared with sole RDF and Bio-F, integrated farming treatments have significantly improved the soil field capacity, available moisture to plants and wilting point. Therefore, the integrated farming system (chemical fertilizer + compost) is recommended for sustainable agroecology and crop production.