Abstract
Dry land in Indonesia is dominated by marginal soil which have low macro nutrient content, low organic matter content and low soil microbial activity. Improving soil quality it is necessary to increase nutrients availability such as biofertilizers application. Biofertilizers contains beneficial microbial inoculants to increase soil nutrient availability. The use of biofertilizers combined with NPK fertilizer will increase macro nutrients availability and optimize plant growth, thus will increase fertilizers efficiency. This experiment was carried out to study the impact of biofertilizers on available-P, plant P-uptake and yield of upland rice at Land Research of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran. This experiment used a randomized block design consisting of ten treatments and three replications The treatments consisted with two doses of biofertilizers (50 kg ha-1 and 75 kg ha-1) and three doses of N,P,K fertilizers (100%, 75%, and 50% from recommended doses). Biofertilizers contains N-fixing bacteria and phosphate solubilizing microbes. The result of experiment showed that application of biofertilizers 75 kg ha-1 and biofertilizers 50 kg ha-1 + N, P, K 50% increased soil phosphorus availability. The application of biofertilizers increased P-uptake up to 81%. Futhermore, biofertilizers 75 kg ha-1 + N, P, K 75% increased the yield of upland rice by 164%.
Highlights
The problem of nutrient phosphorus is the high soil phosphorus content but it is not available for plants
The microorganisms that are used as biofertilizers are N-fixing bacteria, P solubilizing microorganisms, mycorrhizae, and PGPR [2]
Biofertilizer was made by culturing each bacteria on Nutrient Broth (NB) media and each fungi on Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB)
Summary
The problem of nutrient phosphorus is the high soil phosphorus content but it is not available for plants. There are several obstacles that make P in the soil unavailable to plants, especially on acid soils such as Inceptisols. This soil has physical, chemical and biological characteristics that do not support plant growth. Efforts to increase soil productivity can be done by utilizing beneficial soil microbes known as biofertilizers. The microorganisms that are used as biofertilizers are N-fixing bacteria, P solubilizing microorganisms, mycorrhizae, and PGPR [2]. It has been widely researched the role of biofertilizers to increase soil nutrient content and crop production. The advantages of biofertilizers, such as reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and environmental pollution, increase nutrient availability and plant growth as well as improving the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil [3]
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