Γ-irradiation Dose Research Articles

WHEAT PROTEIN INCREASING THROUGH RADIATION TECHNOLOGIES

The effect of various doses of γ-irradiation on the biochemical composition of the nuclear fractions of wheat seedlings has been investigated. The research results indicate a direct dependence of changes in the biochemical composition of nuclear membranes and soluble nuclear fraction on the magnitude of the radiation dose. A change in the protein content in the fraction of the nuclear membrane and in the soluble nuclear fraction of the cell nuclei of the seedlings of irradiated seeds was observed. The data obtained indicate that ionizing radiation as a result of chain reactions changes the content of nuclear fractions, which in turn leads to a change and disruption of the functional ability of the nucleus.

EFFECT OF γ-IRADIATION ON SEED GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF GYPSOPHILA THYRAICA KRASNOVA (CARYOPHYLLACEAE) SEEDLINGS

Analysis of laboratory germination and germination energy of Gypsophila thyraica Krasnova s. str. - a rare, relict, Podil endemic species. The seeds were irradiated with small doses (5, 15, 30 Gy) of gamma radiation (60Co) and germinated in laboratory conditions for 14 days in two repetitions. It was established that the seeds of G. thyraica irradiated with γ-rays prevailed in terms of the rate of germination and further growth and the number of seedlings. A stimulatory effect on germination, seed germination energy and seedling development was established with γ-irradiation at doses of 15 and 30 Gy. The energy of germination in all irradiated samples is low, in the control non-irradiated version it was not determined due to the absence of germinated seeds. The analysis of morphometric indicators also showed positive dynamics: in irradiated samples, the total size of seedlings increased (by 5-6 times compared to the control sample), depressed individuals were practically absent, while in control samples growth slowed down, seeds often did not develop, even after the start of germination. In general, the results of samples 1 and 2 are similar and confirm the conclusion about the stimulating effect of low doses of γ-irradiation on seeds.

Preparation and study of the main dosimetric properties by TL of sintered lithium silicate pellets

This work presents the structural characteristics and the dosimetric properties under ionizing radiation of the lithium silicate (LSO) (LSO) phosphor. The structure of the synthesized material was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method and Rietveld refinement method. The dosimetric properties of LSOLSO in the form of pellets were studied by thermoluminescence (TL) under the effect of different doses of γ-irradiation. The phosphor exhibited a TL emission curve with four TL peaks centered at 100, 182, 250 and 290 °C, with a light emission band centered at 385 nm. The TL dose-dependent γ-radiation dose response of the TL peak at 182 °C was linear in the low-dose region, from the order of mGy to 50 Gy. In addition, the phosphor exhibits lower fading, good reproducibility, and sensitivity of the order of commercial TLD-100 dosimeters.

Influence of γ-irradiation dose on the structure, linear and nonlinear optical properties of BiI3 thick films for optoelectronics

In this study, 900 nm of BiI3 thick films were prepared using the thermal evaporation technique. There were exposed to different doses (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 kG) of γ-radiation. The microstructure properties (Crystallite size and lattice strain) were calculated in terms of Scherrer’s equation. With increasing γ-radiation doses, the Crystallite size increases, Both the refractive index and the film thicknesses have been calculated using Swanepoel's method. The optical band gap was measured in terms of transmittance and reflection spectrum in the high region of the absorption. The possible optical transition in the as-deposited and treated films are found to allow direct transition with energy gap increases with increasing γ-radiation doses. Dielectric constant, volumeenergy-loss function (VELF), and surface-energy-loss function (SELF) for as-deposited films were discussed in terms of γ-radiation doses. The change in optical parameters has been interpreted in terms of the change in microstructure parameters. In terms of changes in energy gap and optical constants as a function of γ-radiation doses, BiI3 thick films are recommended to use in optical devices and solar cells.

Low-Melting Phosphate Glass Coatings for Structural Parts Composed of Depleted Uranium

The applications of depleted uranium in mechanical engineering are limited by its high susceptibility to corrosion. Among various methods of corrosion protection, painting is usually considered a fast and cost-efficient method; however, organic polymer paints are sensitive to ionizing radiation, which is a limiting factor, e.g., for the fabrication of shielding containers or structural parts. The solution presented in this work is the creation of a glassy inorganic layer on top of the depleted uranium surface. Zinc lead phosphate low-melting glass was investigated for this purpose. Glass frit was obtained as an amorphous solid, as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The frit was easily ground in liquid media down to sizes suitable for spraying onto the surface of depleted uranium. When the glass powder is sprayed onto the surface of a substrate and fired at 440 °C, a partially crystallized continuous film with a complex morphology is formed, which significantly inhibits corrosion. The coating material shows resistance against high doses of γ-irradiation.

Effects of the ionizing irradiation of γ-rays, X-rays, and UV-rays on the optical properties of Ag-contained/Ag-free photo-thermo-refractive glass

To simulate the effects of ionizing irradiation on photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass in a cosmic environment, the optical properties changes under ionizing irradiation (γ-, X- and UV-ray) were investigated on PTR-glass with and without Ag doped (named as PTR-S and PTR-F, respectively) samples. Thermoluminescence (TL), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements, UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy analysis, Gaussian peak fitting, and continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW-EPR) were used to determine the species of the irradiation-induced color centers. The radiation resistance properties of the Ag-species on the PTR-S glass were evaluated by comparing the defect center concentrations in the irradiated PTR-S and PTR-F glasses. The results showed that absorption in PTR-F and PTR-S glass increased significantly with increasing γ-irradiation dose, which was related to HC1, HC2, E′, L, ETC defect centers and Ag-species, and the formation of HC1, HC2, E’, and L-centers was reduced by the doping of Ag into the PTR-S glass matrix. Compared with the γ-irradiation, X-irradiation showed a similar effect. In comparison, UV-irradiation induced fewer defect centers and smaller Ag (NPs). This discrepancy could be caused by variations in photon energies.

Effect of Starch and Chitosan Addition on Swelling Properties of Neutralized Poly(Acrylic Acid)-Based Superabsorbent Hydrogels Prepared by Using γ-Irradiation Technique

Superabsorbent hydrogels are polymers with a 3D network that have attracted the attention of scientists and industrialists because of their fantastic ability to absorb and retain water and aqueous solutions. The most widely used and commercially available superabsorbent hydrogels are synthetic K-acrylate materials. In this novel study, superabsorbent hydrogels have been developed using natural ingredients to have more biodegradable properties. Superabsorbent hydrogels were synthesized from acrylic acid, cassava starch, and chitosan using the γ -irradiation method under different experimental conditions. The γ-irradiation technique was chosen to produce hydrogels free of residues that may remain when chemical crosslinkers are used. The effects of irradiation dose, acrylic acid composition, and the amount of cassava starch and chitosan on the characteristics of produced hydrogels were analyzed. The resulting polymers were further characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to evaluate the structure. The thermal behavior of superabsorbent products at different neutralization doses was tested with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). FTIR data indicated that the grafting reaction was successfully implemented in this work. SEM analysis showed that the hydrogel produced from this study was porous and there was a reduction in pore size with the addition of starch and chitosan. It can be concluded that the addition of cassava starch and chitosan affects the acrylic acid-based superabsorbent properties, which are pore size, thermal behavior , gel content, antibacterial activity, and swelling capacity in water, salt, and urea solutions. The best hydrogel was obtained by adding 0.25 g of cassava starch and 0.25 g of chitosan, using 50 % acrylic acid neutralization and 5 kGy γ-irradiation doses . The graft polymers possess the maximum swelling capacity of 670 g/g for distilled water, 520 g/g for NaCl solution, and 767 g/g for urea solution (relative to the dry weight). These products were sterile from Escherichia coli bacteria and had the potential to be applied as superabsorbent resins for various fields. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}

Blastocystis hominis undergoing programmed cell death via cytotoxic gamma irradiation

Blastocystis hominis is a worldwide common enteric parasite. Its pathogenic potential has not yet been established, although many reports suggest that it may cause the development of various gastrointestinal symptoms. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the destructive effect of different doses of cytotoxic gamma (γ) irradiation combined with and compared to metronidazole (MTZ) on Blastocystis spp. in vitro. The detection of the parasite in the stool specimen was conventionally done by light microscopic examination of direct smears, cultivation, followed by PCR-sequencing. Evaluation of γ-irradiation and MTZ effects on B. hominis was carried out by trypan blue exclusion assay, caspase activity detection, acridine orange staining, DNA fragmentation assay and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination. The current study demonstrated that exposure to γ-irradiation in a dose of 0.5 kGray (kGy) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the viability of B. hominis subtype 2 by 95.2% compared to the untreated and MTZ-treated parasites (87.1%) after 48 h incubation. Combining the same dose of irradiation (0.5 kGy) with MTZ yielded a viability reduction of 94.2% and 94% after 24 and 48 h respectively, which were statistically significant (P < 0.05) compared to MTZ alone. Moreover, our results showed features of programmed cell death in the form of morphological, biochemical, and molecular changes (TEM abnormalities, caspase-like activity, and DNA fragmentation, respectively) with the high doses of γ-irradiation (0.3 and 0.5 kGy) either singly or combined with MTZ. In conclusion, cytotoxic γ-irradiation plays an important role in the inactivation of Blastocystis spp., so, it can be a promising prophylactic water-sterilizing tool against blastocystosis.

Photosynthetic performance of Terminalia arjuna Roxb towards different doses of 60Co γ-irradiation

The air dried seeds of T. arjuna were exposed to 100Gy, 200Gy, 400Gy and 600Gy gamma irradiation doses from a 60Co γ-irradiation source. The results showed that, the chlorophylla, chlorophyllb and total chlorophyll content in the leaves of T. arjuna raised significantly (p≤ 0.05) by lower γ-irradiation doses (100Gy & 200Gy). Under all the treatments and in control, the carbon assimilation rate (photosynthetic rate) raised to its maximum value around 11:00am where from a steady fall in it was observed respectively. Stimulation in the net photosynthetic assimilation rate was recorded under 100Gy and 200Gy doses. The stomatal conductance (GS) and average transpiration rate was increased by 100Gy and 200Gy treatment. In contrast, the higher γ-irradiation dose (above 200Gy) decreased these parameters significantly (p ≤ 0.05). This study provides the basic information of the impact of gamma radiations on the photosynthetic responses of T. arjuna and its radiosensitivity.

Superior Iodine Uptake Capacity Enabled by an Open Metal-Sulfide Framework Composed of Three Types of Active Sites

Superior Iodine Uptake Capacity Enabled by an Open Metal-Sulfide Framework Composed of Three Types of Active Sites

Modeling of changes in the cerebral cortex under low radiation exposure

The aim of the investigation was to reveal changes in the neurons of the cerebral cortex depending on the dose of γ-irradiation, the dose rate of exposure, the mode of exposure (acute and chronic) and to establish the priority of each of the influencing factors (γ-irradiation, recovery time and their joint impact) in the end result.Material and methods. The experiment, in compliance with the rules of bioethics, was carried out on 300 adult white rats that were exposed to acute and chronic γ-irradiation in total doses from 10 to 100 cGy with a dose rate of 50 to 660 cGy/h. The sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex were studied throughout life after exposure to radiation using traditional neuromorphological, histochemical, and statistical methods, followed by mathematical modeling of the obtained evaluation criteria.Results. Despite the peculiarities of the regimes of radiation exposure, all of them did not cause statistically significant changes in functionally different areas of the cerebral cortex. Throughout the entire recovery period, both in control and experimental animals, phase stochastic changes were observed in various neuromorphological indicators of the state of nerve cells, which, as a rule, had a borderline character, and the level of their significance fluctuated in relation to the control within insignificant limits. At the same time, the change in some neuromorphological parameters was more influenced by the dose or dose rate of γ-irradiation, while others were influenced by the recovery time. With the combined effect of the radiation factor and the duration of the recovery period, most of the indicators corresponded to the age control.Conclusion. Statistically significant changes in the state of neurons in both sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex under the considered modes of γ-irradiation in total doses up to 100 cGy were not revealed.

Carbon nanotube yarns derived from gamma irradiated carbon nanotube forests

Gamma irradiation has been recognised as an effective microengineering tool for improving interfacial adhesion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in their macroscopic structures. In this study, we applied γ-irradiation directly to vertically aligned CNT forests (grown on iron coated silicon wafers) in the presence of air, and the irradiated CNT forests were then spun into CNT yarns under various applied tensions. The effect of γ-irradiation on the CNT forest morphology, spinning performance and mechanical and electrical properties of the resultant CNT yarns were evaluated and compared with the unirradiated controls. The results revealed that CNT yarns spun from the gamma irradiated CNT forests had higher tensile strength and lower breaking elongation than the yarns spun from the unirradiated CNT control forests under the same spinning conditions. Increasing spinning tension improved the strength of CNT yarns spun from both the irradiated and unirradiated forests, but the tension-induced improvements from the irradiated forests were much more profound. The relative improvements in the yarn tenacity due to the γ-irradiation were in the range from 14% to 26% under various spinning tension applied. This study also showed that the gamma irradiated CNT forests retained good spinnability under relatively low spinning tension, but exhibited significantly inferior spinnability at high spinning tension, compared to the unirradiated controls. Possible mechanisms for the spinnability of CNT forests and the mechanical properties of CNT yarns were discussed. Further improvement in the CNT forest spinnability may be needed through the optimisation of γ-irradiation doses applied to the CNT forests.

Effects of γ-Irradiation on Structure and Functional Properties of Pea Fiber.

In this study, pea residue reserve insoluble diet fiber (hereinafter referred to as pea fiber) was used as a raw material. The effects of γ-irradiation doses (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 5 kGy) on the structural properties (main composition, particle size and specific surface area, scanning electron microscope (SEM) microstructure, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction) and functional properties (oil-holding capacity, swelling and water-holding capacity, and adsorption properties) of pea fiber were explored. The results show that, when the γ-irradiation dose was 2 kGy, compared with the untreated sample, the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in pea fiber decreased by 1.34 ± 0.42%, 2.56 ± 0.03% and 2.02 ± 0.05%, respectively, and the volume particle size of pea fiber decreased by 17.43 ± 2.35 μm. The specific surface area increased by 23.70 ± 2.24 m2/kg and the crystallinity decreased by 7.65%. Pore and irregular particles appeared on the microstructure surface of the pea fiber treated with γ-irradiation. The results of the infrared spectrum showed that the hemicellulose and lignin in pea fiber were destroyed by γ-irradiation. These results indicate that γ-irradiation can significantly affect the structural properties of pea fiber. When the γ-irradiation dose was 2 kGy, the highest oil-holding capacity, swelling capacity and water-holding capacity of pea fiber were 8.12 ± 0.12 g/g, 19.75 ± 0.37 mL/g and 8.35 ± 0.18 g/g, respectively, and the adsorption capacities of sodium nitre, cholesterol and glucose were also the strongest. These results indicate that the functional properties of pea fiber are improved by γ-irradiation. In this study, γ-irradiation technology was used as pretreatment to provide a theoretical basis for the application of pea fiber in food processing.

Impact of gamma irradiation on the structural, linear and nonlinear optical properties of lead oxide incorporated PVA/graphene blend for shielding applications

In this study, the structural, linear and nonlinear optical performance of PVA/graphene polymeric composites (PVA/Gr PCs) incorporated with lead oxide (Pb3O4) have been modified by exposing with gamma irradiation (γ-irradiation). Pb3O4 incorporated PVA/Gr PCs were prepared by the solution casting procedure and exposed to different γ-irradiation doses (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kGy). The structural and optical properties of the irradiated PCs were examined by FT-IR, XRD and UV–visible spectrophotometer. The XRD analysis reveals that the semi crystallinity feature of the PCs decreases with increasing the irradiation dose. The UV–Vis.-NIR measurements show that the optical absorbance of the PCs increases upon increasing the irradiation dose to 250 kGy. The direct optical bandgap energy shrinks from 5.26 eV (non-irradiated PC) to 4.82 eV (250 kGy irradiated PC). Obvious enhancement in the optical parameters (refractive index, dielectric (real εr, imaginary εi) constant and optical conductivity is achieved. Furthermore, the first-order linear susceptibility (χ(1)), third-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ(3)) and nonlinear refractive index (n2) of Pb3O4 PCs are also tailored via controlling the γ-irradiation dose. This enhancement in the linear and nonlinear optical parameters of PCs was pronounced in the UV region. For instance, at 285 nm, χ(1) increases from 0.19 to 0.45 and χ(3) increases from 2.25 × 10−13 to 6.76 × 10−12 esu as the γ-irradiation dose is increased from 0 to 250 kGy. These findings nominate the potential applications of Pb3O4 PCs in dosimetry and shielding devices.

Mitigative impact of bradykinin potentiating factor isolated from Androctonus amoreuxi scorpion venom and low doses of γ-irradiation on doxorubicin induced hepatotoxicity through ang II/AMPK crosstalk

In this study, the mitigative impact of bradykinin potentiating factor (BPF) and low doses of γ-irradiation (LDR) were evaluated against doxorubicin (DOX) hepatotoxicity through Ang II/AMPK crosstalk. Rats have received a single dose of DOX (10 mg/kg, i.p.). BPF administration at a dose of 1 μg/g (b.wt./twice a week) was started one week before the administration of DOX and followed throughout the study for another consecutive week where LDR rats were subjected to two low fractions of γ-irradiation; 0.5 Gy/fraction/week up to the cumulative dose of 1 Gy at 7 days before and after doxorubicin administration. DOX produced a remarkable disturbance in serum hepatic enzymes activities, hepatic oxidative stress indices, as well as hepatic inflammatory and fibrotic markers in response to a marked elevation in hepatic angiotensin II (Ang II) together with marked depression in hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expressions. The combination of BPF and LDR produced a significant improvement in all examined parameters as well as mitigates hepatic toxicity through inhibition of Ang II induced by DOX, which might also be mediated by AMPK activation. Furthermore, histopathological and immunohistochemical examination reinforced the previous results. In conclusion, these findings shed new light on the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis consequence of our remedy and support the potential use of it as a preventive and therapeutic candidate against hepatic toxicity through Ang II/AMPK crosstalk.

Enhanced crosslinking of polypropylene in γ-irradiation via Copper(Ⅱ) doping

Crosslinked Polypropylene (PP) has a greater application prospect due to its excellent properties, hence, how to improve the crosslinking of PP is significant. In our research, the effects of γ-irradiation on the crosslinking of PP blended with copper(Ⅱ) acetate monohydrate were investigated. Firstly, PP was melt-blended with a crosslinking agent (1,2-Polybutadiene (PB) or Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA)) and copper(Ⅱ) acetate monohydrate in a twin-screw extruder, then treated with various γ-irradiation dose. The influence of copper(Ⅱ) content and radiation dose on crosslinking of PP was characterized by gel content, melt flow index measurement (MFI), rheological analysis measurement, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of gel content, MFI, and Rheological analysis indicated that the copper(Ⅱ) could enhance the crosslinking of both PP/PB and PP/TMPTA at all ranges of radiation dose, more particularly, the enhanced effect was much prominent at low radiation dose, and of which is more obvious in the latter system. The crosslinking effect based on the mechanism of copper(Ⅱ) catalysis enhanced was also discussed, which is assumed as the promotion of free radical production during irradiation processing. In addition, the copper(Ⅱ) would also enhance the thermal stability of the γ-irradiation treated PP/PB and PP/TMPTA blends, and decrease the crystallinity and the melting point. This paper provided a novel method to increase the irradiated crosslinking of PP at a lower irradiation dose, which was expected to expand its application field.

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Optical Properties of the Conjugated Copolymer B-co-MP

The conjugated polymer poly {[2-[2′,5′-bis(2″-ethylhexyloxy)phenyl]-1,4-phenylenevinylene]-co-[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene]} (B-co-MP) has been proven to be an excellent laser medium with a high photochemical stability. Moreover, the impact of γ-irradiation on its optical and chemical properties has been investigated. Herein, the spectral and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) characteristics of B-co-MP at various concentrations under γ-irradiation doses are studied. Various concentrations of B-co-MP in tetrahydrofuran (THF) were prepared. The samples were irradiated with various γ-doses from 5 to 20 kGy using a Co-60 source at room temperature. The absorption, fluorescence, and ASE spectra were dramatically blue-shifted after the γ-irradiation. This indicates that the increment in the γ-irradiation dose led to a widening in the energy gap and reduction in the number of carbon atoms (N). The change in the spectral profiles could be attributed to chain conformational alterations and/or chain scission induced by the γ-irradiation. We anticipate this study to boost our understanding of optical and structural profiles of B-co-MP under various conditions, including γ-irradiation and the potential utility of this copolymer in a variety of applications.

Prolonged Inhalation Exposure to Coal Dust on Irradiated Rats and Consequences.

The purposes of this study were to research immune system changes and liver and lung tissues in irradiated rats after prolonged exposure to coal dust. A study was carried out on 30 male Wistar rats that were divided into 3 groups: group I, intact animals; group II, exposure to coal dust and 0.2 Gy γ-irradiation; and group III, combined exposure to 6 Gy γ-irradiation and coal dust. The combination of a low and sublethal dose of γ-irradiation with coal dust leads to a significant change in immunity at the remote period. Particularly, the increase in radioactivity at the combined effect causes weakening of phagocytosis, and reduction in T lymphocytes by a factor of 2, immunoglobulin imbalance, and cytokine dysfunction develop secondary immune failure. During prolonged inhalation with coal dust of irradiated animals with the dose of 0.2 Gy, fibrosis and perivascular sclerosis of the bronchial wall of the lungs are formed, and perivascular fibrosis is formed in the liver. The increase in exposure dose up to 6 Gy in combination with coal, in the distant period, caused pulmonary hypertension amid hypertrophy of light arterial vessels and fibrous changes in arteriole, and destructive changes and collection necrosis develop in liver parenchyma. In the case of dust radiation synergy, the increase in doses leads to a significant immune deficiency, which occurs according to the “dose effect” principle; increases damage to animal tissues; and leads to liver tissue necrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension.

Effect of gamma irradiation on the physicochemical properties of sodium alginate solution and internally crosslinked film made thereof

Research on using natural origin polymers as substitutes for petroleum-based plastics has been around for years owning to their renewable and sustainable characteristics. The use of ionizing radiation such as gamma (γ) rays for structural modification of natural polymers could broaden its application while protecting the environment. This study investigated the effect of γ-irradiation on the physicochemical properties of sodium alginate solution (SAS) and sodium alginate film (SAF) made thereof. The SAS was irradiated at 0 (control), 5, 10, 20, and 40 kGy before SAF was synthesized. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the thermal stability of SAS decreased following the first-order degradation kinetics with every two-fold increment in γ-irradiation dose. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed a decrease in the carbonyl group peak intensity for both SAS and SAF as the γ-irradiation dose increased. The critical dose to cause a significant decrease in the molecular weight of SA was determined to be 5 kGy. The water vapor permeability of SAF made using SAS irradiated up to 10 kGy improved by approximately 17% as compared with the control. Overall, this study contributed fundamental knowledge on sodium alginate chain modification induced by γ-irradiation and proposed that irradiated sodium alginate is a promising starting material for the synthesis of biopolymer film.

Effect of γ-irradiation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rice protein

In this study, rice protein was used as raw material to explore the effects of γ-irradiation treatment doses (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5 kGy) on the physicochemical properties of rice protein (particle size, zeta potential, secondary structure, scanning electron microscope microstructure), surface hydrophobicity (H0), thermal stability), functional properties (solubility, water and oil retention, emulsification) and sensory quality. The results show that when the γ-irradiation dose is 2 kGy, the average particle size of rice protein is the smallest, the absolute value of the potential is the highest 33.58 mV, the content of β-sheets in the secondary structure is at least 31.16 ± 0.16, and the content of random curl is at most 14.56 ± 0.06, the surface of the microstructure is rough and the degree of pore depression is the deepest, the highest H0 is 160.45 ± 2.98, the minimum denaturation temperature (Td) and enthalpy (△H) are 70.49 ± 0.05 °C and 1.30 ± 0.01 J/g, which shows that γ-irradiation treatment can be significant affect the physicochemical properties of rice protein. When the irradiation dose is 2 kGy, the highest solubility of rice protein is 69.18 ± 1.07%, and the highest water and oil holding capacity are 5.89 ± 0.08 g/g and 3.45 ± 0.04 g/g, respectively. The highest emulsification activity and emulsification stability are 45.65 ± 1.26 m2/g and 208.33 ± 4.79 min, which shows that γ-irradiation treatment can improve the functional properties of protein. When the irradiation dose was less than 5 kGy, the sensory quality of rice protein was not significantly affected. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the deep processing and value-added utilization of rice protein by γ-irradiation technology.