Domestic Sewage Treatment Plant Research Articles

Molecular epidemiology of plasmid mediated resistance to fosfomycin among bacteria isolated from different environments

In this report we present data on the dispersion of a gene responsible for the plasmid-mediated resistance to fosfomycin among bacteria isolated from four hospitals and seven geographically separated domestic sewage treatment plants. Colony hybridization experiments, using a 0.85 kbp DNA fragment which carried the fosfomycin resistance determinant, have shown that the gene was present in isolates from three hospitals and six sewage plants although with different incidence and that it is carried by species of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus and Bacillus.

Study of Domestic Sewage Waste Treatment by the Polychaetes, Neanthes japonica and Perinereis nuntia var. vallata, on an Artificial Tidal Flat

AbstractIn order to establish a new biological method of treating sewage waste, mass cultures of the polychaete annelids, Neanthes japonica and Perinereis nuntia var. vallata, were employed. These species are known to ingest a large quantity of sewage sludge extracted from domestic sewage treatment plants. During this study, laboratory experiments were carried out to determine the effects of changes in various environmental factors on sludge consumption and growth. A pilot plant with an artificial tidal flat simulating natural estuarine tidal flat conditions was constructed and operated as a habitat for the polychaetes. The suitability of this artificial tidal flat for the treatment of sewage waste was discussed.

Designing regionalized waste water treatment systems

The problem of determining the optimal number, location, and level of treatment for regional domestic sewage treatment plants along an estuary or river is considered. The formulation is one of minimizing the sum of treatment and transport (piping and pumping) costs such that water quality improvement goals for dissolved oxygen are met. Restrictions may also be placed upon the overall level of treatment (required secondary, required uniform, or least cost) if desired. An optimization procedure is developed which utilizes dynamic programing, linear programing, and heuristic location techniques in a series of steps which lead to progressively improved (lower total cost) solutions. The location procedure is intended for use by an engineer‐planner during the design stage and requires his participation and skilled judgment during the course of the algorithm. The technique is illustrated for the Delaware estuary for 22 domestic waste sources, nine potential regional sewage treatment plant sites, and 22 industrial waste sources. Results of the case study show considerable savings over previous nonregional treatment schemes.

Determination of trace organics in municipal sewage effluents and natural waters by high-resolution ion-exchange chromatography

Automated, high-resolution ion-exchange chromatographs, previously developed for the analysis of the molecular biochemical constituents in human body fluids, have been applied to the analysis of various polluted waters. Samples of polluted waters have been collected from selected sources, concentrated up to 10,000-fold, and chromatographed on high-pressure ion-exchange columns. Monitoring of the column eluates for ultraviolet absorbance and cerate oxidizability has revealed the presence of numerous organic contaminants, many of which have been subsequently identified by auxiliary techniques such as mass spectrometry. In the primary and secondary effluents from a domestic sewage treatment plant, 56 and 13 organics, respectively, have been identified and quantified. A total of 16 different organics have been identified in samples from five different natural waters. (auth)

Determination of Chlorine-Containing Organics in Chlorinated Sewage Effluents by Coupled36Cl Tracer—High-Resolution Chromatography

Abstract A method has been developed to study the effects of chlorination on sewage and the effluents from sewage treatment plants. This method combines radioactive tracer (36Cl) chlorination with high-resolution chromatography. The need for such methodology follows from the lack of data about chlorination effects and from the concern that chlorination will yield environmentally harmful substances. Utilizing this experimental technique, over 40 chlorine-containing organic constituents were detected in the effluent from the primary stage of a domestic sanitary sewage treatment plant.

The determination of heavy metals in domestic sewage treatment plant wastes

Atomic absorption spectroscopy procedures are outlined for the determination of some important heavy metals in sewage treatment plant solids and liquids. Problems associated with sample preparation and sample solution interferences are described. It is recommended that reference standards and internal laboratory control samples be used to allow some assessment of the validity of results.

Fungi in domestic sewage-treatment plants.

Fungi in domestic sewage-treatment plants.