Domestic Scientist Research Articles

Штрихи к биографии А.Д. Зайкина: офицер, ученый, учитель (часть 2). К столетию со дня рождения

Part one of this article, presented in the previous issue of the magazine, examined the life path of a prominent domestic scientist. In the second part, his scientific heritage is analyzed. Attention is drawn to the features of his scientific creativity, conducting scientific research at the intersection of labor law and economics. A description of A.D. Zaykin’s contribution to the development of doctrines on the legal organization of remuneration and pension legal relations is given.

Academician of medicine Z.V. Ermolyeva and the Department of Microbiology of the Central Institute for Advanced Medical Training: the main directions of scientific research in the early 1970s

The very difficult geopolitical situation of recent years has once again confirmed the need for our state to focus on its internal and self-sufficient development in its development. The story of the coronavirus pandemic that swept the whole world has shown a fairly high level of domestic virology, and microbiology in general. But, undoubtedly, we are still far from the Soviet level of science development today. In this regard, it seems advisable to pay attention to the generalization of the Soviet experience in the development of biomedical sciences. We have made an attempt to analyze the development of Soviet microbiology through an analysis of the scientific and organizational activities of the domestic scientist, Academician of Medicine Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermolyeva, carried out by her at the Department of Microbiology of the Central Institute of Advanced Medical Training in the first half of the 1970s. The source base of the publication was unpublished documents of the federal archives (the Russian State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation and the Russian State Archive of Economics), most of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The article examines the scientific activity of Z.V. Ermolyeva herself, as well as those research areas that were developed by teachers and research staff of the department headed by her.

Професор І. К. Кучеренко в історії українського мовознавства: класифікація частин мови

The article is devoted to the grammatical study of the parts of speech of by outstanding domestic scientist – Professor I. Kucherenko. Professor I. Kucherenko laid out the key points of this teaching in the fundamental two-volume treatise “Theoretical Issues of the Grammar of the Ukrainian Language: Morphology”, where he substantiated the logical grammatical paradigmatic system of the Ukrainian language with impeccable clarity, while at the same time proposing to solve the most difficult and controversial issues in the field of semasiology, syntax, and communicative linguistics. Having been printed in early (the 60s of the 20th century), this work became a significant achievement of Slavic linguistics and largely determines the development of grammatical thought in Ukraine to this day. The scientist’s classification approach is focused on the “unequivocal (monistic)” criterion, namely the lexical meaning of the word, which the scientist sometimes calls “real”. The lexical meaning of a word reflects the conceptual, communicative and cognitive nature of a linguistic sign and determines its grammatical attributes, not vice versa. The use of a multi-valued criterion, which is widespread in grammars to this day, turns into a gross violation of logic, makes it impossible to clearly differentiate common and distinctive, basic (generic) and secondary (specific) features of word classes. As a result, words are forced into categories where they are “foreign”, such as, for example, participles among verbs. Professor I. Kucherenko is the first to substantiate the feasibility of considering participles, as well as so-called ordinal numerals, as well as adjectival classes of pronominal words in the adjective category. The lexical meaning of a word determines its typified function in a sentence, which (sentence), according to the scientist, is not only the main unit of syntax, but also a “real unit” among the rest of the linguistic units. The scientist interprets the concept of “real” as something that does not exist in registers or nomenclature, but provides communication and knowledge. Thus, while developing theoretical grammar, Professor I. Kucherenko showed foresight in terms of the categories of cognitive linguistics and communicative syntax, many decades ahead of his contemporary scientific thought. Approaches to the so-called service parts of speech are significant in the paradigmatic teaching of Professor I. Kucherenko. The scientist rejects the terminological dichotomy “meaning-bearing / non- meaning-bearing”, justifiably believing that there is no primary and secondary in the lexical material. It visualizes the understanding that prepositions, conjunctions, particles ensure the movement of thought from sensual contents to the sphere of abstract thinking, reflecting the facts of human mental activity, which is the same reality as the naming of visible (gross) material objects of the world. In this connection, the scientist develops the proposal about synsemantics and three levels of semantics (defined, generalized, generalized and indicative).

Biographical materials of mathematicians and natural scientists in “Bulletin of Experimental Physics and Elementary Mathematics” (1886–1917): meaningful and content analysis

The article presents the results of a study of the features of biographical and prosopographic materials about famous mathematicians and natural scientists, published in one of the most authoritative journals “Bulletin of Experimental Physics and Elementary Mathematics”, which was published in Kyiv and Odesa during 1886–1917. In fact, the journal was an unofficial periodical printed branch of the Mathematical Department of the Novorossiysk Society of Naturalists. The purpose of the study is to conduct a meaningful and content analysis of the texts of the journal articles, which reveal biographies, features of labor activity and participation in scientific research of famous scientists. At the same time, the authors used scientific methods to conduct a meaningful analysis of the subject of research – analysis and synthesis, generalization and systematization. In the process of quantitative content analysis, text quantification, empirical data collection, their generalization, and mathematical and statistical processing were used. As a result of the study of biographical materials of the journal over the period, its authors came to the following conclusions. Firstly, the materials of the journal about famous domestic and foreign mathematicians and natural scientists were both biographical and prosopographic in nature. Moreover, the motives for the appearance of such publications, as a rule, were “round” dates from the moment of birth, from the beginning of creative activity, from the moment an important work was released, or from the moment of death (or the fact of death) of the subject of publication. All such articles in the journal are conditionally classified by the authors into brief biographical and prosopographic notes, detailed biographical and prosopographic articles, and obituaries. Secondly, the total volume of biographical and prosopographic materials for the entire period of publication of the journal was 2.88% of the total volume of the journal. At the same time, the journal contained materials about 84 scientists. The largest journal volume by the editors (more than 5 pages for each) was provided by 27 scientists and this amounted to 72.7% of the total volume of biographical material; this group included 9 domestic scientists and 18 foreigners. In total, the editors allotted an average of 4.89 pages for each domestic scientist, and 5.89 pages for each foreign scientist. The largest volume of materials was about physicists (46.42% of the total volume of biographical materials) and mathematicians (35.44%). Thirdly, the results of a meaningful analysis allow us to conclude that the published biographical and prosopographic materials of the journal are of high quality. This was largely facilitated by the careful selection of the authors of articles (or sources of materials), as well as the special requirements of the editors for documenting sources of materials in paginated links. Fourthly, the “inattention” of the editorial staff of the journal to a number of “round dates” of famous domestic and foreign mathematicians and physicists, as well as the uneven volumes allocated by the journal for biographies, indicate the absence of a clear editorial policy of the journal in the issue of allocating printed volumes for systematic biographical statements and research.

ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТРЕКИ РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИИ НАУКИ И НАУЧНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ ВО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИНКЛЮЗИВНОСТИ И ГЛОБАЛЬНОЙ ДИНАМИКИ

The article analyzes new approaches to assessing scientific and technological development from the standpoint of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On the approval of the Fundamentals of State Policy in the Field of Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation." The methodological platform of analysis was chosen as the scientific work of M.K. Petrov, an outstanding domestic science scientist and philosopher, considered in the context of three main models – tracks of representation of science: parametric, organic, emergent

ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ НАВЧАННЯ КЛАСИЧНОМУ ТАНЦЮ СТУДЕНТІВ-ХОРЕОГРАФІВ У ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

The problem of reforming the training of modern teacher-choreographer is relevant today. It is due to changes in approaches and technologies of higher education, which should pay attention primarily to the formation of professionally significant qualities of graduates, expanding their artistic worldview, education of general choreographic culture. The professional skill of the future teacher of choreography is a combination of general pedagogical abilities with the art of reproduction of dance skills and abilities, and, therefore, requires comprehensive, long-term training in the system of pedagogical education. According to the concept of modernization of national education, the main purpose of vocational education is to train a skilled worker of the appropriate level, direction and profile; an employee who is competitive in the labor market, competent and responsible, who is fluent in his profession and is oriented in related activities; a person capable not only of effective work in the specialty at the level of world standards, but ready for continuous professional growth. Modern education involves not only the acquisition of knowledge, but also the formation of a harmoniously developed personality. Today, a university graduate must combine professionalism, a high level of culture, the ability to work in a team and with a team. The relevance of this article is that modern pedagogy of vocational education is faced with the need for in-depth study of human creativity, creating an educational environment that promotes creative activity of the individual. Regarding the process of higher education of a student choreographer, these tasks are specified in the need to develop special abilities and the formation of practical choreographic skills. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to further improve the content of teaching, teaching methods, improve pedagogical, performing and choreography skills, actively develop scientific and methodological work. In the process of many years of pedagogical practice in the selection of methods of establishing the basis in classical dance, the author relies on the vast theoretical and practical experience of luminaries of classical dance A. Vaganova, M. Tarasov, as well as famous modern domestic scientist, choreographer, honored cultural worker of Ukraine, professor L. Tsvetkova. This technique, tested in practice, including teachers of the Department of Art Education, Faculty of Pedagogy, Psychology and Arts of the Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University gives positive results in the preparation of graduates and their further employment.

Methodological and theoretical fundamentals of bankruptcy probability assessment of "UkSATSE" enterprise

In the economic sciences today there is a large number of developments in the field of analysis and forecasting of insolvent companies, which in turn helps to find and assess the criteria for the probability of bankruptcy of insolvent entities on the example of state enterprise “Ukrainian State Air Traffic Services Enterprise (UkSATSE)”. This paper is devoted to the reflection of the main methods and models for estimating the probability of bankruptcy of the enterprise, which were proposed by foreign and domestic scientists. In particular, it is noted that the assessment of the threat of bankruptcy on the model of Altman in our economic conditions can be considered as conditional, preliminary, especially if the business entity cannot be classified as medium or large. This model does not allow to obtain a fairly objective result. This is due to differences in the accounting of individual indicators, the impact on their formation of a number of external factors (primarily inflation), the mismatch between the book and market value of individual assets and other objective reasons. Such features determine the need to adjust the coefficients of significance of the indicators given in the Altman model, which in a developing economy is hardly possible. It is noted that in general, only financial ratios are used to predict the probability of bankruptcy, and the company's bankruptcy depends not only on the financial area. The calculated indicators do not include such coefficients as: return on assets, the degree of suitability of fixed assets, material consumption, instability of personnel - these are some of the main coefficients of the company. Methods of domestic scientist O. Tereshchenko will be suitable for our country. Thus, all models of the probability of bankruptcy have a serious drawback: they do not take into account the state of development of the industry and the country. The main directions and ideas in business are considered, the forecast of Eurocontrol concerning changes of traffic of flights for 4 years is resulted. The use of a discriminant model for estimating the probability of bankruptcy on the example of the enterprise state enterprise “UkSATSE” is analyzed. Based on all the data, an analysis and description of the shortcomings of the use of discriminant analysis is created. Recommendations for improving the state of the enterprise and timely forecast of the probability of bankruptcy are given.

Karate as a means of improving the physical condition of children

The article is devoted to the analysis of the use of karate in the system of physical education of middle school children. The research of leading specialists on the use of karate has been studied and areas that need new research and development of variable module "karate" in secondary education for adolescents have been identified. Objective of the study is to substantiate theoretically the use of karate in the system of physical education of schoolchildren to improve physical condition. Research methods include the analysis of data of scientific-methodical and scientific literature, official documents, idealization, abstraction, induction and deduction; methods of theoretical research (generalization of literary sources, synthesis, comparison and systematization of scientific sources, materials from the Internet resources). The results of the study: it has been found that one of the modern and effective means of improving the physical condition of children of different school ages are karate tools that require fundamental study, justification and adaptation to use in physical education for children of different school ages and genders. Conclusions: karate is a modern and progressive type of martial arts that meets the new criteria and requirements of the educational program of general secondary education and is an effective means of harmonious development of the child's personality. Unfortunately, the use of karate in physical education classes for middle school children has not been addressed by any domestic scientist, who pushes to find a scientific justification for the need and effectiveness of the use of karate in the school curriculum.

The problems of assertiveness and pragmatism in the works of the Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor Ardakh Rizabekovna Yermentayeva

"The article is devoted to the problems of «assertiveness» and «pragmatism» study in the works of a well-known Kazakhstani scientist, Doctor of Psychological Sciences, Professor A. R. Yermentayeva. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that this article provides an analysis of the works of a domestic scientist for the first time, who is one of the first to provide a detailed and complete explanation of the subjective development of the personality, the competitiveness of future specialists, which are the fundamentals for the development of personality «assertiveness» and «pragmatism». Thus it can be safely said that this article is relevant for the scientists who are engaged in research in the field of personality psychology, and that the article is one of the indicators of the development of domestic psychology in this sphere. "

PREFACE

PREFACE

Contribution of Professor K. G. Schindler (1869–1940) in formation of agricultural mechanics, theory and practice of testing of the agricultural machines and tools in Ukraine

The article highlights the life and creative path of the outstanding domestic scientist, theorist, methodologist and practitioner of agricultural engineering K. G. Schindler, associated with the formation of agricultural mechanics in Ukraine. The methodological foundation of the research is the principles of historicism, scientific nature and objectivity in reproducing the phenomena of the past based on the complex use of general scientific, special, interdisciplinary methods. For the first time a number of documents from Russian and Ukrainian archives, which reflect some facts of the professional biography of the scientist, were introduced into scientific circulation. The main directions of fruitful pedagogical and scientific activities of K. G. Schindler, key segments of his creative search, which determined the further development of agricultural engineering, his leadership in the scientific community were described. It was proved that Professor K. G. Schindler has the primacy in founding the Station of Testing for Agricultural Machines and Tools at the Kiev Polytechnic Institute, which provided students of agronomic and mechanical faculties with the opportunity to get acquainted with the existing types and designs of tillage machines, systematically test its research methods. In addition, the station carried out scientific work on the study of certain issues of agricultural mechanization, development of methods and devices for research of agricultural machinery and implements. The seven functions of the agronomic-type research station developed by scientists for the first time in Europe at the beginning of the last century have become a reference point for many generations of researchers of agricultural machinery. K. G. Schindler was the first in the world to theoretically substantiate the need to improve the design of tillage equipment depending on soil and climatic conditions, made a significant contribution to the theory of soil deformation with the shelf of the plow body. In addition, he improved the Sakka dynamometer, developed a control dynamometer to check traction dynamometers and other devices, improved existing and developed new designs of tillage machines. K. G. Schindler was the first in Ukraine to teach a course in agricultural engineering.

The creative personality of Grigory Sokolov in the piano art of the XX–XXI centuries

The creative personality of Grigory Sokolov in the piano art of the XX–XXI centuries

АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНІ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ПОБУДОВИ ГРОШОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ У ПРАЦЯХ УЧЕНИХ-ЕКОНОМІСТІВ ХХ СТОЛIТТЯ

Після демонетизації золота у державах із ринковою економікою в основі функціонування грошової системи лежать кредитний характер емісії грошей і монополія на неї в центральних банках. Проте упродовж ХХ століття продовжували з’являлися альтернативні концепції побудови та функціонування грошової системи, автори яких висували свої пропозиції щодо оптимального облаштування грошового господарства у державі. Виокремлення основних напрямів, якими, на думку вчених-економістів, повинно здійснюватися реформування грошової сфери, — мета статті.
 Серед найвідоміших економічних шкіл найбільше уваги критиці чинного порядку та необхідності перебудови грошової системи присвятили неокласики. І. Фішер, Л. фон Мізес, М. Ротбард, Ф. фон Гаєк, Х. Уерта де Сото не тільки викривали негативні наслідки інфляції, послідовно доводили злочинний характер фідуціарної емісії, виявляли нелогічність існування банківської системи з частковим резервуванням, а й формулювали власні правила облаштування національних і міжнародних грошових систем. В основу їхніх проєктів покладено золоте забезпечення грошей, організація їхнього випуску на ринкових засадах аж до передання емісії у приватні руки та ліквідації центрального банку. У сучасних умовах це відобразилось у появі криптовалют із приватними емітентами, проте без матеріального забезпечення.
 Представник кейнсіанства Р. Гаррод пропонував замінити золотий стандарт на товарний. Прихильники теорії вільних грошей (С. Гезель і М. Кеннеді) ініціювали введення плати за володіння грошима, що повинно спонукати якнайшвидше їх витратити на придбання товарів чи кредитування. Вітчизяняний учений М. Тимофіїв, що творив на еміграції, розробив проєкт випуску грошових сертифікатів, забезпечених зерном, що зберігається на складах їхніх емітентів, — хліборобських банків, і переконував, що це ті гроші, які ніколи не втратять своєї вартості.
 Таким чином, найбільш популярними альтернативними сучасним концепціями побудови грошової системи є повернення до золотого або будь-якого іншого товарного забезпечення грошової одиниці та можливість емісії приватних грошей.

НАУКА ПРАВА ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ: ПОНЯТТЯ, ОСОБЛИВОСТІ, НАПРЯМИ РОЗВИТКУ

The article explores the concepts, features and directions for the development of intellectual property science at the present stage. The basic scientific schools of intellectual property law are analysed, the specifics of their formation and genesis are considered. The article emphasizes that the science of intellectual property law is a system of knowledge and theoretical ideas about the laws of legal regulation of relations in the field of protection of intellectual and creative activities, interpretation of legal norms and the results of analysis and generalization of their application. As intellectual property right, the science of intellectual property law is a relatively young field in the legal system; however, it already has a long history of development, well-known representatives and scientific schools, including those pertaining to Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The development of intellectual property science in Ukraine is based on several scientific schools in Kyiv, Odessa, Lviv and Kharkiv, which are represented by powerful research centres and educational institutions. The Kyiv School of Intellectual Property is formed by two research centres: the Department of Intellectual Property and Information Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv and the Research Institute of Intellectual Property of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The origin and development of the science of intellectual property law in Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv is associated with the figure of the famous domestic scientist O.A. Hills. Since 2013, the Department of Intellectual Property and Information Law has been operating at the Faculty of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. At the current stage, the Department of Intellectual Property and Information Law jointly with the Scientific and Educational Centre for Intellectual Property of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv make a powerful centre of the development of intellectual property law science in Ukraine. Keywords: intellectual property, science, methodology, legal category, scientific school, scientist.

Making Space

Making Space

To the question of S.S. Zimnitsky on the origin of the giant T wave after ventricular extrasystole on an electrocardiogram

The study of life, medical and scientific activities of the outstanding domestic scientist S.S. Zimnitsky always causes and will cause great interest. The versatility of his talent as a scientist continues to amaze. Many of the issues that remain relevant today raised by S.S. Zimnitsky, not fully resolved in the XXI century. There were no answers to the well-known question asked by the seriously ill S.S. Zimnitsky to another prominent Russian scientist, the beacon of Russian physiological science A.F. Samoilov. This question concerned the origin of the giant positive T wave in the first QRS complex after the ventricular extrasystole on the electrocardiogram. The question remained unanswered. We believe that this was because by the end of the 20s of the XX century (S.S. Zimnitsky died in 1927), the delicate mechanisms of repolarization processes were not able to understand, in both healthy and diseased myocardium. The article sets forth our original point of view on the genesis of such a T wave in S.S. Zimnitsky. We believe that a scientific discussion on this issue is quite possible. There is no doubt that both life and scientific activities of S.S. Zimnitsky has always attracted and will attract the attention of both medical historians and practical doctors, scientists and inquisitive students.

Hero of the Soviet Union Dyskin Efim Anatolyevich - legendary person (to the 75th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War)

Hero of the Soviet Union Efim Anatolyevich Dyskin - a prominent domestic scientist and teacher of higher education, head of the department of normal anatomy (1968-1988), Honorary Doctor of the Military Medical Academynamed after S.M. Kirov, major general of the medical service. Professor E.A. Dyskin is the founder of the new scientific direction Anatomy and Military Medicine. At the age of eighteen E.A. Dyskin volunteered for the front, participated in battles to defend Moscow. On November 16, 1941, he accomplished a heroic feat, for which he was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. However, after a serious wound, the Red Army soldier Dyskin survived, was treated in hospitals for about a year, at the same time he graduated from the feldsher school, from 1942 to 1947 studied at the Military Medical Academy. After graduating from the Academy from 1948 to 1968 E.A. Dyskin worked under the direction of Professor A.N. Maksimenkov a at the Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, where he went from an adjunct to a professor. In 1968 he was appointed as a head of the Department of Normal Anatomy, which he directed for 20 years.He created a scientific anatomical school that developed pecularities on the morphology of various types of gunshot wounds and the effects of extreme factors of military labor on the human body. Under his leadership, research was also conducted to study the state of collateral circulation, the functional anatomy of the digestive system, craniology, and the history of military medicine. Scientific ideas of Professor E.A. Dyskin continues to develop in the writings of students and followers at the Department of Normal Anatomy, and neuromorphology - at the Department of Nervous Diseases of Military Medical Academy.

Studying by M. I. Kostomarov the initial stages of the Ukrainian people history and its influence on the formation of national consciousness

This work is devoted to the analysis of the outstanding domestic scientist and teacher N. I. Kostomarov contribution to the disclosure of the origins of the history of Ancient Russia and the initial stages of the formation of the ethno-national consciousness of its population. The scientific approaches of the scientist to the analysis of the emergence of statehood in the Old Kiev territory theories are considered. The scientific methods that scientists used to analyze this problem are shown, in particular, the analysis of the primary sources, the linguistic approach to the origin of geographical names and others were used. Particular attention is focused on fine-tuning by domestic scientists the lack of Normans influence on the public people’s life. The article emphasizes that the scientists' proof of the fallacy of the origin of Russia Norman theory contributed to the development of student interest in Slavic self-knowledge. The understanding of the contribution of N. I. Kostomarov to the question of dividing the Russian population by type of ethnic community and social organization is of considerable academic interest. It is emphasized that among the inhabitants of Kievan Rus, the scientist singled out the ancestors of modern Ukrainian and Russian, whose historical process and folk characteristics continued to receive a more expressive specificity over time. The conclusion is made about the existence and development of its own Slavic state beginning in the process of the formation of Kievan Rus. The practical importance is the identification of creating a nation in Old Kiev times factors in the work of N.I. Kostomarov. The formation of a territorial community, the unity of the country's population, the power structures of the then society, the development of popular democracy forms, the influence of local self-government on the formation of political unity is of significant. It is noted that the practical importance of studying the national experience combines both with the solution of modern problems of the country and the upbringing of the young generation political development.

Существует ли информация в неживой природе?

<p>Известным отечественным ученым К. К. Колиным в 2000-х годах была разработана материально-информационная концепция реальности, обосновывающая существование определенного промежуточного мира между природой и человеком, в котором еще нет жизни, но уже есть идеальное, а значит, и информация. В качестве доказательства он предлагает провести мыслительный эксперимент со столкновением двух шаров разной плотности. В результате столкновения на одном из шаров образуется вмятина, которая отражает геометрическую форму второго шара. Эта вмятина, по мнению Колина, является идеальным и реальным объектом одновременно и фактом своего существования доказывает существование информации в неживой природе. Данная концепция призвана подтвердить атрибутивный взгляд на природу информации.</p><p>В результате повторного проведения данного мыслительного эксперимента по столкновению шаров мы получили другие результаты. В частности взаимодействие шаров носило исключительно материально-энергетический характер, а его результаты стали отображением физических свойств объектов. Иными словами, идеально-реальные объекты в эксперименте не обнаружены. Таким образом, существование информации в неживой природе продолжает оставаться не доказанным. </p>

ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ УПРАВЛІНСЬКИХ РІШЕНЬ В ОРГАНАХ МІСЦЕВОЇ ВЛАДИ

The article considers the factors influencing the efficiency of management decisions made by local government bodies in the modern conditions of public administration reform and the development of local self-government in Ukraine. The author outlines the features of this problem, the main features of state-management decisions, the essence of the concepts "effect", "efficiency of management decisions", the main approaches to the study of the problem of decision-making are highlighted. The main attention is paid to the direction of research, which takes into account the human factor. The main ideas of the representative of this direction - the Nobel laureate D. Kahneman, presented in the book "Noise", are considered. This work raises the issue of system errors among those who make decisions. The views of the domestic scientist O. Maltsev on the designated problem and the provisions of D. Kahneman's book are presented. The results of the analysis by scientists of the influence of the human factor and psychological characteristics of management decision-making on the efficiency of decisions are reflected. The conclusions of scientists regarding the need to take into account the qualities of a decision- making person and his professional training are summarized. The main characteristics of the personality that influence decision-making are given from the domestic scientific literature on public administration problems. In accordance with these ideas, the requirements for the positions of civil servants, local self-government bodies, as well as the modern practice of training specialists and managers in this field are considered. It is concluded that the primary importance for making effective decisions by local government bodies is the use by specialists and managers of modern technologies for developing and making management decisions, the development of their personal qualities for making management decisions in the process of training and obtaining specialized management education in universities.