Domestic Domain Research Articles

Unmaking the Feral

Domesticated pigs (Sus scrofa) were introduced as livestock in Australia by European settlers, and now a large population is living wild. Rather than interrogate the settler pig as co-colonizer and destroyer of Australian ecologies, this article employs Deborah Bird Rose’s concept of “unmaking”—a process that fractures relationality in service of control—to articulate the relational violence done to the free-living pig by naming it a feral animal. An examination of the nonhuman’s historical entanglement with Anglo-Australian settlers in New South Wales will trace the free-living pigs’ shifting agency and identity. Introduced pigs were modern English breeds, domesticates in nascent capitalist stages of unmaking. Yet, these animals were made anew in Australia, living largely unmediated and demonstrating remarkable adaptability to novel environments. This article analyzes how porcine bodies and identities took shape in connection to a hunting culture and wild pork economy, a practice that encouraged Sus scrofa’s transformative ability to move between wild and domestic domains. Then, in the 1950s, how farmers, veterinarians, and government actors with converging motivations sought to reductively read the free-living pig as toxic and illegitimate, and to rebrand the “wild” pig as “feral.” To be feral in Australia is to be part of a systematic process that institutes strict limitations on an animal’s relational possibilities. By problematizing all life-sustaining connections the nonhuman being has with their environment, this process endeavors to radically unmake the socio-ecologies that constitute their being. Unmaking the feral targets the relational knots that make existence possible.

Gender And Social Resilient: The Role of Women In The Public Ma'na Cum Maghza Approach

This research explores the interpretation of Quran verses that mention women's role in the public sphere using a thematic approach. The study aims to synchronize these verses with resilient verses and their components, as women who dedicate themselves to the public and domestic domains require resilience. The method used is qualitative-descriptive, qualitative-descriptive namely the Analysis of the data obtained (in the form of words, images or behaviour), and not expressed in the form of numbers or statistical figures, but by providing an explanation or description of the situation or conditions studied in the form of a narrative description. It can be emphasized that descriptive qualitative is a research method that utilizes qualitative data and is described in descriptive terms. In this research, thematic interpretation is applied to identify verses related to the topic and classify them. The study reveals that the understanding of the role of women in the public sphere is from the perspective of cum Maghza, meaning that there is no division or role of patents between men and women's duties, and men and women can synergize to carry out their duties. Resilience is achieved by applying the components of resilience, including emotional regulation, desire control, optimism, causality analysis, empathy, self-efficacy, and positive achievement, along with three additional T's: Takhalli, Tahalli, and Tajalli.

Energy platforms and the future of energy citizenship

Energy platforms involve citizens in the energy system by creating and orchestrating virtual energy collectives that can support energy system governance. In such an energy collective, households pool their resources to engage in energy trading, collective self-consumption, or grid balancing. In this paper we draw on the theory of material participation to examine how everyday interactions with energy platform technologies enable people to enact energy citizenship. Our findings from interviews and workshops in a demonstration project of an energy platform show that energy platforms complicate the notion of being an energy citizen. For the householders in our research, engaging in new collective energy practices disturbed the existing link between domestic energy practices and energy citizenship. Where people's energy citizenship used to be centred around their own domestic domain, engagement with platform technologies required them to reflect on their position in relation to new issues such as the ‘greenness’ of various energy markets. Moreover, people were confused about the relation between their own agency and goals as an energy citizen, vis-a-vis the collective agency that results from the bundling of energy practices, and the power and motivations of platform providers and energy system actors. Uncertainties around agency and responsibility need to be reduced if platform-based energy collectives are to play a role in fostering meaningful citizen participation in the energy transition. For platform providers, this implies acknowledging people's existing practices and trajectories of energy citizenship, and providing feedback about the contributions people are making.

The relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms is domain-specific, age-dependent, and non-linear: An analysis of the Brazilian national health survey

Although there is consistent evidence of the beneficial effects of leisure physical activity (PA) on mental health, the role of PA in the domestic, transport, and occupational domains is inconclusive. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between domain-specific PA and depressive symptoms and examine whether the association is moderated by age in a representative sample of the Brazilian population. Cross-sectional data of 89,923 (52.4% female) individuals aged ≥15 years were analyzed. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Physical activity (min/week) performed in different domains (domestic, transport, occupation, and leisure) was self-reported. Generalized additive models with penalized splines were used to explore associations. Lower leisure-time PA and higher levels of PA in the domestic, occupational, and transport domains at distinct PA thresholds were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Leisure PA, even at lower levels, was associated with lower depressive symptoms compared to no PA at all. The increase in depressive symptoms as a function of occupational PA was observed only at PA levels higher than 40 h/week. Although non-leisure PA levels were related to higher depressive symptoms among the total sample, higher domestic and transport PA levels were related to lower depressive symptoms among older adults. This study provides insights into the non-linearity and age-group dependence of the relationship between domain-specific PA and depressive symptoms in a middle-income country. The evidence suggests that care should be taken on recommending PA regardless of context or domain.

Physical Activity Level, Barriers, and Facilitators for Exercise Engagement for Chronic Community-Dwelling Stroke Survivors in Low-Income Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study in Benin.

After a stroke incident, physical inactivity is common. People with stroke may perceive several barriers to performing physical activity (PA). This study aimed to document the PA level and understand the barriers and facilitators to engaging in PA for community-dwelling stroke survivors in Benin, a lower middle-income country. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three hospitals in Benin. Levels of PA were recorded by means of the Benin version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire long form (IPAQ-LF-Benin), which is validated for stroke survivors in Benin. The perceived exercise facilitators and barriers were assessed by the Stroke Exercise Preference Inventory-13 (SEPI-13). A descriptive analysis and associations were performed with a Confidence Interval of 95% and <0.05 level of significance. A total of 87 participants (52 men, mean age of 53 ± 10 years, mean time after a stroke of 11 (IQR: 15) months and an average of 264.5 ± 178.9 m as distance on the 6 min walking test (6MWT) were included. Overall, stroke survivors in Benin reached a total PA of 985.5 (IQR: 2520) metabolic equivalent (METs)-minutes per week and were least active at work, domestic, and leisure domains with 0 MET-minutes per week. The overview of PA level showed that 52.9% of participants performed low PA intensity. However, 41.4% performed moderate PA or walking per day for at least five days per week. Important perceived barriers were lack of information (45.3%), hard-to-start exercise (39.5%), and travelling to places to exercise (29.9%). The preference for exercise was with family or friends, outdoors, for relaxation or enjoyment (90.2%), and receiving feedback (78.3%). Several socio-demographic, clinical, and community factors were significantly associated with moderate or intense PA (p < 0.05) in stroke survivors in this study. Our findings show that the PA level among chronic stroke survivors in Benin is overall too low relative to their walking capacity. Cultural factors in terms of the overprotection of the patients by their entourage and/or the low health literacy of populations to understand the effect of PA on their health may play a role. There is a need for new approaches that consider the individual barriers and facilitators to exercise.

The Advantages Of Dual Role Female Transmigration In Rural Areas (Study in Seuruway District, Aceh Tamiang Regency)

This research examines about “The Advantages of Dual Role Female Transmigration in Rural Areas”. The focus of the main stage in this study is to describe the lives of transmigration women who have a role in household/family life. The system owned by the transmigration program requires each transmigrant family to get 2 types of land, namely the main land area of 2 ha and the house and yard area of 0.5 ha. The process of working on two lands resulted in the division of work between men and women in transmigration families. Women, responsible for work in the domestic sector, gets a share of work on residential lands, where this land is usually planted with crops in the form of vegetables and seasonal crops that harvest quickly. The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the life image related to female transmigration that are in two domains of life, both from domestic and public domains by using ethnographic methods with descriptive qualitative research. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that female transmigration in the Seruwey countryside are very different from other cases, where they get multiple benefits, other than the work in the domestic domain as a wife, and get the opportunity to manage 0.5 ah land for the yard of the house, female transmigrants also get the opportunity to work in oil palm plantations owned by local governments. It can be seen that women have skills and expertise in two domains of life, namely public and domestic, so that the role of transmigrated women in their lives gets multiple benefits to support family life.

Play into the domestic routine to promote child development: cross-sectional study.

To analyze the association between the incorporation of play into the domestic routine of caregivers, and the child development of children under their care. Cross-sectional study conducted with 129 caregiver-child dyads aged 12-23 months, living in the southern region of São Paulo. Child development was assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaire-3, and the incorporation of play into the domestic through a questionnaire and filming of the dyads in activities related to the domestic routine. Almost all the caregivers were the mother (98%), who, when answering the questionnaire, reported incorporating play into their domestic routine (93%), however in the video, only one third played with the child (34%). There was a positive association between playing in moments of domestic routine and domains of child development in children aged 18 months or less. A positive association was found between the incorporation of play into the domestic routine and child development.

Education and Dilemma in Manju Kaur's Difficult Daughters

Manju Kapur, an Indian woman novelist discusses women’s education and its impact on the lives of women, mainly Indian daughters who face dilemma in making a choice between tradition and modernity in her debut novel Difficult Daughters (1998). The novel analyses the struggle of Indian daughters to liberate themselves from the shackles of patriarchy. Their worldly knowledge gained from formal education poses a different perspective against the traditional values they have been taught to engross with since childhood. Kapur throws light on prejudices on values of education, particularly that of women’s education in a traditional society where education for women is promoted to consolidate patriarchal values. She makes her women characters play a significant role in nation building widening their potentials beyond the four walls of their houses. But this attempt to broaden their horizon of capabilities and responsibilities beyond their domestic domain invites strong criticism, ramification and repercussion from their families which embody patriarchal systems causing dilemma and affecting their life psychologically. The proposed study is an analysis of dichotomy of tradition vs modernity faced by educated Indian daughters in their society. It highlights the issues of women depicted in the novel selected for study through content analysis approach.

Demystifying the Domestic Zone: Portrayal of Jaya as an Alienated Figure in Shashi Deshpande’s That Long Silence

The conjugal zone has been traditionally construed to be a space where two partners can share equal rights and respect. But contrary to this belief, it is part of our observation that women rather than enjoying this space as a haven safeguarding their dignity and identity as human beings, tend to become victims. The space not only marginalizes them but serves to dehumanize them. The present paper, through an in-depth study of Shashi Deshpande’s That Long Silence looks analytically at the institution of marriage and talks about the situations and circumstances that place women in a state of subjugation and suppression. The figure of a woman is idealized and glorified but when it comes to reality the domestic domain which is expected to be a safe heaven and refuge for her turns out to be a space of oppression and subjugation. The marital space that should hold a promise of peace, prosperity, respect, dignity, love and happiness through a shared life together, unfortunately turns out to be an arena where the male will have the utmost freedom and complete authority and control over the female partner. The paper tries to investigate how marriage as an institution has failed to safeguard the honour and dignity of women and offer them their due share and rights in the relationship.

Physical Activity in Malaysia: Are We Doing Enough? Findings from the REDISCOVER Study.

Physical activity (PA) in the form of structured or unstructured exercise is beneficial for health. This paper aims to study PA levels across four domains according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and its associated factors. A total of 7479 Malaysian adult participants between 18 to 90 years old from the REDISCOVER study who completed the IPAQ were analyzed. PA was calculated as MET-min per week and were categorized according to insufficiently active, sufficiently active and very active. Multinomial regression was used to determine the association between sociodemographic, clinical factors and the level of PA. The mean age of the participants was 51.68 (±9.5 SD). The total reported physical activity in median (IQR) was 1584.0 (0-5637.3) MET-min per week. The highest total for PA was in the domestic domain which is 490 (0-2400) MET-min per week. Factors associated with sufficiently active or very active PA include Malay ethnicity, no formal education, elementary occupation, current smokers and high HDL. Whereas low income, male and normal BMI are less likely to participate in sufficiently active or very active PA. Intervention to encourage higher PA levels in all domains is important to achieve recommended PA targets.

The experiences of gratitude in female ulama: An interpretation from Sufi psychology and PERMA-Model perspective

Amidst the social-cultural predominance of male ulama in the religious context, female ulama play important roles and yet are often trapped in life-role complexity and gender bias, as they have a responsibility in both the domestic and public domains. This study aims to explore the meaning of the experience of gratitude among female ulama based on the perspective of positive psychology, with reference to the PERMA (Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationship, Meaning, and Accomplishment) model, with further interpretation of gratitude (shukr) from Sufi psychology. Using a qualitative (phenomenological) approach, we held online in-depth interviews with five female ulama participants from across Indonesia and Germany. The research demonstrates the interconnection between themes related to gratitude according to PERMA-Model and the embodiment of gratitude (shukr) in Sufi psychology. These findings provide evidence to support the practical implication of the integrative intervention of positive and Sufi psychology for clinical purposes or to promote flourishing and well-being among women.

Gender-Based Violence in Kosovo during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract COVID-19 has exacerbated health inequalities around the world. Kosovo has so far experienced four waves of the pandemic with a fatality rate of 2.6 registered deaths per 100 cases which is higher than some comparable countries in the region. Women have been disproportionally affected in many spheres of life including their safety and security at home. While Gender-Based Violence (GBV) has been one of the major concerns for women’s safety over the years, the COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated the situation. Drawing on the theory of GBV and intersectionality and using a mixed-method approach, this study examines whether GBV cases have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether government policies and responses during the COVID-19 pandemic have considered GBV implications. This study yields three main findings: First, the institutional data on reported cases show that GBV has increased significantly between 2010 to 2021. Similar trends of increase were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, the COVID-19 institutional actions towards the pandemic disproportionally considered the specific needs of the most vulnerable groups of the population including women. Third, violence against women is treated within the domestic violence domain which does not address entirely the nature of the gender-based violence in the country.

Influence of Casteism in Modern Nepal: A Sociological Perspective

Casteism is a hierarchical phenomenon where prejudice occurs on the basis of caste superiority. It occurs disparity and injustice among human beings. So, the New Civil Code declared the practice of untouchability illegal. But the practice of caste discrimination is still existed in the various spheres of life in Hindu society. In this article, I have tried to present the structure of the caste system as it is manifested in the context of Nepal and discussed the pattern of social discrimination faced by the people. The objective of this paper is to analyze these practices as they occur in the domestic domain and community life. Casteism is still practiced especially in the rural communities of Nepal despite the law declaring it illegal in the New Civil Code in 1963. More specifically, this paper is intent on deepening an understanding of the factors of casteism so people of touchable castes perceive that they or their objects become polluted if touched by a member of Dalit. Given this context, this article also attempts to highlight the role played by society in shaping the contents and structure of caste-based relations

Coronian Education: Perceptions of Educational Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Arab Countries.

This article tackles the question: To what domains did education go when it left school buildings due to the coronavirus pandemic? To answer this question, 1184 observations of online activity, 1132 observations of face-to-face activity, 118 focus groups and 1110 individual interviews were undertaken. In addition, 1290 witticisms were collected, utilising humour to inform research. Data analysis reveals the relocation of education to three domains: the domestic, digital and political. Its relocation to the domestic domain has meant increased familial responsibility, fuelling domestic tensions and conflicting with home-based distractions. Its relocation to the digital domain has involved reduced physical interaction, rituality, social merit, mobility and student health. Its relocation to the political domain has given rise to issues of participation and reshaped the power, institutional fabrication and societal support of education. The conclusion introduces the concept of “coronian education”—a hybrid of the domestic, digital and political domains. Whereas pre-coronian education was limited to a single domain, the school, coronian education is fragmented across three domains. Although coronian education research is feasible in the digital and political domains, it is challenging to conduct such research in the domestic domain, as an enquiry into domesticity entails invading the private spaces of homes.

Communiqués 1001(2021), 1030(2021), and 1062(2022) Regarding the Re-Emergence of Coups D'état in West Africa (Afr. Union)

The issue of how a government comes to power generally falls within the domestic domain and is not a concern of international law. However, the African Union (AU, established 2002), like its predecessor the Organisation for African Unity (OAU, 1963–2002), views coups as significant threats to the peace, security, stability, and development of African states. To shape change, the AU codified the anti-coup policy that the OAU had progressively adopted from 1997, and broadened it into a normative framework.

Locke's Consuming Individual: A Theory of the Mixing Body

This article proposes that Locke's basic property-making unit, and thus also contracting unit, is the household rather than the individual. Progressing through two parallel arguments concerning Locke's theory of property—one focuses on the theory of mixing in Roman law and the other on more traditional understanding of labor—it shows how a plurality of people and animals is united under the rule of a single person, allowing the formal category of the individual to expand beyond its corporal limits, into the domestic domain. In some sense, this is an extended version of Pateman's argument concerning the sexual contract, placing the latter within an intersectional framework that moves beyond the question of kinship and the family to the economic questions of class and production, as well as colonial questions of expansion and racial hierarchization.

Responsible citizenship is more than a government label! : Faith-based values in the domestic domain

Citizenship entails a relationship that is more than a label for individuals’ rights and duties. Responsible citizenship means acting responsibly towards peace, justice, human rights, good values, and social justice. Social justice connects with the idea of creating a society that is based on responsible citizenship and recognises the dignity of every human being. However, it seems that families face innumerable challenges when it comes to social justice. The world has come to see families as units where violence occurs. In South Africa, a devastated face for families is the issue of gender-based violence. South Africa has the highest rate of genderbased violence in the world. Domestic and sexual violence has marked the post-1994 democratic era. Women and children are abused and murdered and most of the perpetrators are the fathers in the homes. These challenges can be weighed against the plan God has for families. God intended families to be the building blocks of homes, the church and society, and the first avenue where children can learn about Christ’s love, forgiveness, compassion, and about faith-based values. Children are a gift from God and Christian parents are obligated to teach them about him and about faith-based values. Christian families can play a significant role in their children’s spiritual development and their Christian worldview. Family is the prime envoy of socialisation that God created in the very beginning, and the church should be an ideal model for family life. Faith-based values in this context refer to religious, biblical, and Christian values. This paper explores this matter by means of a literature review of journal articles and books to explore the perspectives and views of other scholars in this field.

Comparative analysis and applicability of GENE, CETSCALE, and TE ethnocentrism scales in tourism context

ABSTRACT This study compares three instruments to measure ethnocentrism – the Generalized Ethnocentrism (GENE) scale, the Consumer Ethnocentrism scale (CET: 10-item CETSCALE), and the Tourism Ethnocentrism (TE) scale – for their applicability in the tourism context. It examines dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the scales, as well as their explanatory power in intent to travel domestically and internationally. The study uses PCA, CFA, and linear and quadratic regressions for analyses. The study concludes that the three instruments, while by design emphasizing different aspects of ethnocentrism, largely reflect the same underlying construct. However, TE scale has discriminant validity from the other two scales, while GENE and CET do not. The three scales have the same pattern of relationship with tourism-related variables of tourist type (primarily domestic or primarily international tourist) and cultural identity. The paper recommends using CET and TE in the domestic tourism domain and GENE and CET in the international tourism domain, with the final choice depending on the research focus. Theoretical implications are also discussed.

Correlations between Hand Dexterity and Bimanual Coordination on the Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Background/Aims: Many motor impairments are present in older adults with cognitive decline. One of them is the impairment of hand dexterity and bimanual coordination that result in poor functional ability in the activities of daily living (ADL). This study investigated the effects of hand dexterity and bimanual coordination declination on the sub-domains of ADL in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Thirty-one senior individuals with MCI were recruited in this study. The Purdue Pegboard Test was used to measure hand dexterity, and bimanual coordination was assessed by the continuous circle-drawing task. Their ADL were assessed with the General Activity Daily Living questionnaire. Results: The correlations analysis showed an association between the dominant hand and bimanual dexterity with the domestic domain of ADL and all conditions of hand dexterity with the complex domain of ADL. Moreover, the multiple regression analysis showed that the predictor of the greatest effect for domestic and complex domains was dominant hand dexterity. Discussion/Conclusion: These results revealed that dominant hand dexterity strongly affected domestic and complex ADL in older adults with MCI. There were age-related changes regarding lateral asymmetrical motor reduction, especially in cognitive tasks. However, complex tasks involving cognitive function may need dominant, nondominant and bimanual hand dexterity.

Intergenerational differences in family language policy of Turkish families in the Netherlands

ABSTRACT By using a quantitative approach, we examined the family language policy of Turkish parents in the Netherlands. Based on our earlier ethnographic work with 20 Turkish families and interviews with 35 parents, we designed and conducted a large-scale survey among 116 first-generation and 184 second-generation parents. The findings reveal that both first- and second-generation parents have bilingual language ideologies. Although second-generation parents are more positive about Dutch-oriented language practices of family members, both groups believe that Turkish should be a part of family life. Because parents establish a link between Turkish identity and culture, parents from both generations show strong attachment to Turkish language. Regarding language practices, both generations’ language preferences shift towards bilingualism although the first-generation choose to speak Turkish more. Second-generation parents and their third-generation children are more dominant in Dutch but they all report a preference for Turkish in the domestic domain. Regarding language management in the family, different generations of parents show different engagement strategies. With respect to the host society orientations to heritage language maintenance, the informants report unfavourable conditions in the Dutch media, politics and public institutions.