Dolj County Research Articles

RESEARCH ON THE CURRENT SITUATION IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE

Sub-measure 17.1 is aimed at risk management at farm level and was introduced to help farmers compensate for their costs of establishing crops if these crops were affected. In this paper, the situation on the market of insurance companies and the evolution of agricultural insurance in the period 2016-2020 were studied, the situation of accessing the funds used to support risk management and risk prevention at farm level, a study was carried out at the national level, and for the South Development Region – West Oltenia, a thorough analysis was made regarding the situations of the funding requests of this sub-measure. During this period, 8,196 funding applications were requested at national level, with a value of non-refundable support of 72,846,032.80 lei, of which 6,720 funding requests with a value of non-refundable support of 58,711,579.18 lei were eligible, 1157 with a value of non-refundable support of 11,432,329.26 lei were ineligible, and 319 with a value of non-refundable support of 2,702,124.36 lei were withdrawn. In the South - West Oltenia Region, they submitted and financed , in the analyzed period 2019 – 2020 a total of 585 funding applications. From the total of 585 funding requests selected for payment, in this analysis period, 2019-2020, the most were in Dolj county with a total of 353 funding requests, in second place is Olt county with 162 funding requests, followed by Vâlcea, Mehedinți and Gorj counties with 35, 33 and 2 funding requests, respectively

STUDY REGARDING CHOOSING THE OPTIMAL TERRITORIAL PLANNING OF AN ARABLE LAND

The main objective pursued in this work was the concentration of agricultural land surfaces in optimally sized units in order to efficiently exploit natural and material resources. Thus, through this work, the organization and development of the territory for the area of ​​126.47 ha, arable use category, related to the locality of Amăraștii de Jos, Dolj county, located in the outskirts and under private administration, was carried out.

COMBINED USE OF SOLID AND LIQUID FERTILIZERS TO IMPROVE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WHEAT CROPS IN URZICUTA,DOLJ COUNTY

This research is important because there is a good time to apply each type of fertilizer and it is necessary to know it, as well as to interact these fertilizations of the wheat with the phytosanitary treatment. The fertilizer doses can vary from one crop to another, but even so the main purpose is to ensure correct fertilization, without recording losses of products in the soil and, finally, with maximum production effects. As for the fertilizer dosage, it varies depending on the type of soil and how much nitrogen it contains, why fertilizers were applied to the fertilization in autumn, the planned production and the financial needs of the farmer involved.
 In Romania in recent years, agriculture has seen a continuous development and therefore the productions have increased, of course, except for the situations in which drought has changed this course of things. We can see if we look at the statistics as wheat production increased from 1,541 to /ha in 2007 to 4,8 to ha in 2018 and the trend is increasing if the pedo-climatic conditions help us. The fertilizers used play an important role in this equation. For example, in Urzicuța, Dolj County, several ways of fertilizing the wheat have been experimented on several ha in order to observe the correlation between the economic benefits obtained, the quality of the wheat obtained and the quantity. Fertilization with liquid nitrogen and solid nitrogen plus other elements proved to be the most efficient both in terms of the production obtained and the cost of production.

Distribution of the heavy metals in the soil and water matrix, a space-time overview from a lakes protected area

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of environmental factors of soil and water in a protected area in Romania, namely the Preajba-Facai lake system in Dolj County. Highlighting the evolutionary aspects of the analyzed quality parameters (20 physical-chemical indicators) on a spatial-temporal scale in order to establish geochemical thresholds is the final result of a larger project. The presented results were obtained through seasonal monitoring over a period of 3 years, which involves water and soil sampling and subsequent laboratory analysis. The results obtained were interpreted in relation to the legislation in force and through a more suggestive evaluation by calculating the pollution indices: the global pollution index (IPC) for water and the Nemerov synthetic soil contamination index. Following the field visits, additional information was brought, which contributed to a good knowledge of this region. Although protected, the area is influenced by anthropogenic factors, which negatively impact the environment. In some cases, non-conformities were identified and validated through the analysis performed.

C.D. Fortunescu şi proiectul „Monografiei istorice a judeţului Dolj” din anul 1939

: This paper is based, mainly, on the analysis of a set of documents from local archives, namely: the correspondence, from 1939, carried between the prefect of the Dolj County, the director of the Dolj County Cultural House, and the director of the “Arhivele Olteniei” Scientific Journal carried on the side of the possibility of achieving of an historical monograph of Dolj County. In my opinion, this correspondence represents a concrete example of transposing in practise the relation of cooperation between institutions and a concrete example of the professionalism of some members of cultural elite. To put it in value as best as it can I have structured the article in 3 parts. In the first part I have reconstituted the contextual frame; I have brought clarifications regarding the project’s initiative, demonstrating the cooperation relation between state’s institutions and members of the cultural elite within the Social Service. Also, is relevant the coordinating role of the cultural house, thru the director of this last institution, with the correspondence between the two representatives of the administrative authority/cultural elite. After the contextual frame of the beginning of the project was established, the analysis is focused on C.D. Fortunescu’s letter, the director of “Arhivele Olteniei” Scientific Journal addressed to the prefect of Dolj County, the initiator of monograph project. The document contained and details a series of conditions, which, in our opinion, transforms the letter in an important document because it attests the professionalism of the director and the scientific journal team. The last part of the article is dedicated to the conclusions. Besides the fact that the letter is evidence that the members of the “Arhivele Olteniei” scientific team were well versed in methods and tools of academic investigation, it also provides an example of good practice used, in scientific research, over eighty years ago. Not least, the monograph project is a testimony to prestige that this team enjoys, in 1939, in the local communities and intellectual elite, a prestige gained as a result of the high scientific quality of articles and materials published for 18 years in the pages of the “Arhivele Olteniei” Scientific Journal.

Considerations on the Influence of the Globalization Phenomenon on Small-sized Communities

"The present study is the result of a field research carried out in July 2022 in the municipality of Calafat in Dolj county. The findings of the study draw attention to global trends in urbanization. Currently, urbanization is an indicator of social development, and on a global level we find that societies registered on positive development trends also go through an intense process of urban development. This is also due to the fact that the city is at the same time both the result and the engine of the development of a society. In the case of small communities in Romania, we observe a reverse process, of deurbanization of small urban communities. Forced industrialization from the communist period was followed by the lack of solutions necessary for economic performance. The consultation of statistical data and the correlation with the way the population of small towns perceives the reality allow the estimation that globalization has had a destructive effect on the incompletely developed small towns by focusing only on industrial production and ignoring all the necessities of the urbanization process. "

THE CHOROLOGY OF PLANTAGO MAXIMA (PLANTAGINACEAE) IN ROMANIA

Plantago maxima belongs to the genus Plantago, which comprises herbaceous species, rarely of woody consistency (P. sempervirens).The plant analyzed in the present study represents a native and relict taxon that is present in several settlements in Romania: Turnişor, Şura Mică, Ocna Sibiului, Şesul Măcelarilor, Drechea (Sibiu County), and Coţofenii din Faţă (Dolj County).The present paper brings important information about the chorology of this species in Romania. It was identified within the following villages: Cârcea, Lișteava, Radomir, and Poiana Mare from Dolj county. The number of individuals identified in the new settlements is comprised between four and twenty-two. Almost all specimens have reached the fruiting stage, which proves that the populations are characterized by viability and stability. The main causes that could trigger the reduction of the populations of this species are the decrease in the water regime and the influence of the zoo-anthropogenic factor.

THE STATISTICAL SITUATION OF EAFRD INVESTMENTS IN THE SW OLTENIA REGION, THROUGH SUBMEASURE 4.1. - INVESTMENTS IN FRUIT-GROWING HOLDINGS – DURING THE 2014-2020 PERIOD

The present statistical analysis was carried out from the database of the Agency for Financing Rural Investments, based on the evaluation reports, in order to highlight the investments made under sub-measure 4.1.a of the NRDP in the period 2014-2020, in the SW Oltenia region. According to reports, at the level of the SW Oltenia Region (with 5 counties), a number of 34 projects were accessed, distributed by county as follows: 12 in Dolj county (35% of the total number of projects), 5 each in Gorj and Mehedinți counties, 9 in Olt county (26% of the total number of projects) and 3 in Vâlcea county. From the total number of projects accessed, a number of 28 projects represented the establishment of new plantations and 6 projects aimed at modernization of holdings, i.e., a percentage of 82.3% is represented by new plantations. It is found that, at the level of the SW Oltenia Region, the fruit-growing areas have increased, which leads to the idea that from this point of view, the impact of the non-reimbursable funds was significant. The existence of future European programmes for the fruit-growing sector will allow the competitiveness of fruit-growing holdings to increase.

Burned area mapping using satellite data – a tool for monitoring effects on environment

Abstract Background Significant crop residue burning not only negatively affects local communities but is becoming an important public health issue for global climate change mitigation efforts. This practice is linked with air quality impairment, water contamination, soil degradation, fauna destruction. Chronic exposure to a high level of air pollution may cause permanent health injuries such as the development of lung diseases. The intentional burning of crop residues is a well-known practice across Romania even it is restricted by law. Methods We propose a generic software model capable of detecting burned areas based on a time series of multi-spectral optical images together with a multi-step algorithm that uses a pre-trained Gaussian Naive-Bayes classifier to map burned crop fields, named BCMA (Burned Crop Mapping Algorithm), using Copernicus Sentinel-2 acquisitions. BCMA can be trained and extended to recognize other user-defined burned areas and it can be used to produce burned crop fields maps at a global scale in near-real-time at high resolution. We focused on two restrained geographical areas where burned areas were signalized in local press as massive burning vegetation events. Results We provide burned area maps generated with an implementation of BCMA over two sites in Romania: Ostroveni - Dolj county and Domogled - Mehedinti county, based on acquisitions from July 2020. Conclusions This model provides a fast and reliable tool for detection of burned areas regardless of the landscape and vegetation that could help stakeholders to react and make a proper intervention. Our study highlights the meaningful implications of using this tool to track crop fields burning and to organize large scale awareness campaigns around sustainable crop residues management with positive impact on environment, human health, and agriculture. Further government agencies’ positions regarding using satellite monitoring of burning vegetables might be crucial. Key messages

Physicians’ legal knowledge of informed consent and confidentiality. A cross-sectional study

BackgroundOnly a few studies have been conducted to assess physicians’ knowledge of legal standards. Nevertheless, prior research has demonstrated a dearth of medical law knowledge. Our study explored physicians’ awareness of legal provisions concerning informed consent and confidentiality, which are essential components of the physician-patient relationship of trust.MethodsA cross-sectional study assessed attending physicians’ legal knowledge of informed consent and confidentiality regulations. The study was conducted in nine hospitals in Dolj County, Romania. Physicians were given a questionnaire with ten scenarios and instructed to select the response that best reflected their practice. We assessed the responses of physicians who claimed their practice to be entirely legal. Their legal knowledge was evaluated by comparing their answers to applicable laws. We also calculated a score for the physicians who admitted to committing a legal breach.ResultsOf the 305 respondents, 275 declared they never committed any law violation. However, their median correct answer score was 5.35 ± 1.66 out of 10. The specialty was the strongest predictor of legal knowledge, with emergency physicians rating the lowest and non-surgical physicians scoring the highest. Physicians who worked in both private and public sectors were better knowledgeable about legal issues than those who worked exclusively in the public sector. Results indicate that physicians are aware of the patient’s right to informed consent but lack comprehensive understanding. While most physicians correctly answered simple questions, only a tiny minority identified the correct solution when confronted with ethical dilemmas. The physicians who acknowledged breaching the law, on the other hand, had a slightly higher knowledge score at 5.45 ± 2.18.ConclusionLegal compliance remains relatively low due to insufficient legal awareness. Physicians display limited awareness of legal requirements governing patient autonomy, confidentiality, and access to health data. Law should be taught in all medical schools, including undergraduate programs, to increase physicians’ legal knowledge and compliance.

Etiology Study of Acquired Developmental Defects of Enamel and Their Association with Dental Caries in Children between 3 and 19 Years Old from Dolj County, Romania.

Background: Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) are frequently encountered in primary and permanent teeth, yet their etiology is not completely known. Enamel hypoplasia is considered a predisposing factor for early caries. The objective of this study was the evaluation of several risk factors potentially causing DDE and the possible association between DDE and dental caries. Methods: This study was performed on a group of 213 rural children from Romania. It combined a thorough dental examination for all children, and a questionnaire filled in by their mothers, regarding the evolution of their pregnancy and the child’s health status in the first years of life. Results: There was no statistically significant association between DDE presence and data regarding the evolution of pregnancy, mothers’ health status or children’s conditions during early childhood. There was a significant association between the use of amoxicillin, ibuprofen, and cephalosporin during the period of formation of permanent teeth, and one environmental factor (water source), and the presence of DDE (Chi Square, p < 0.05). Also, DDEs were associated with the presence of caries (Fisher, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Children who consumed water from private wells and children who received medication during early childhood developed more enamel defects, presenting a higher risk of caries development.

Histological and immunohistochemical study of brain damage in traumatic brain injuries in children, depending on the survival period.

Numerous studies showed that, at present, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of death in young adults, but also a main cause of disabilities at all ages. For these reasons, TBI are continuously investigated. In our study, we evaluated the histopathological (HP) and immunohistochemical (IHC) changes that occurred in the brain in underage patients after a severe TBI depending on the survival period. We histopathologically and immunohistochemically analyzed a number of 22 cases of children, deceased in Dolj County, Romania, following some severe TBI, undergoing autopsy within the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Craiova between 2015-2020. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the survival period, namely: (i) patients who died during the first 24 hours of the accident; (ii) patients who died after seven days of survival; (iii) patients who died after 15 days of survival. Microscopic examinations of the brain fragments, collected during the necropsy examination, showed that the traumatic agent caused primary injuries in all brain structures (cerebral parenchyma, meninges, blood vessels). However, HP injuries ranged in size and intensity from one area to another of the brain. In patients with a longer survival period, there was observed the presence of smaller primary injuries and larger secondary injuries. There was also observed a growth in the number of meningo-cerebral microscopic injuries, depending on the increase of the survival period.

Geochemical assessment of soil and water in two protected areas from Valcea and Dolj Counties

The purpose of this paper was to assess the quality of environmental factors such as soil and water in some protected areas in Romania. The chosen case studies were the Preajba-Facai lake system from Dolj County and the Vanturarita Buila National Park from Valcea County. Highlighting the evolutionary aspects of the analyzed quality parameters (20 physical-chemical indicators) on a spatial-temporal scale aiming at establishing geochemical thresholds is the final result of a larger project. The results presented in this article were obtained through seasonal monitoring involving water and soil sampling and laboratory analysis. All the results were interpreted in relation to the values in the specific environmental legislation, and following the field visits additional information was brought, which contributed to a good knowledge of these regions. The areas, although protected, are influenced by the anthropogenic factor, which has a negative impact on the environment. In some cases, non-compliances were identified and validated by the analysis performed.

Research regarding soil erosion and its effects in the Balota area, Dolj County

Research regarding soil erosion and its effects in the Balota area, Dolj County

Monitoring the water quality of Jiu River in Dolj County

Water is a renewable natural resource, but vulnerable and limited in terms of quantity and quality, which is why its exploitation must be done rationally, so as to ensure a complex recovery and a balanced distribution, depending on needs. The water management activity, which has as object the establishment and application of measures for rational use and control of water resources, quantitative and qualitative, is closely related to meeting the requirements of current legislation on exploitation and protection of water and aquatic ecosystems. In this context, the present paper presents a study carried out during 2019, having as the main objective the qualitative characterization of the Jiu River on the administrative territory of Dolj County (Romania). For this purpose, several water sampling campaigns (12, one for each month) from three control sections, established in partnership with the Jiu - Craiova Water Basin Administration, were carried out. The collected samples were analyzed in the analytical laboratory of the same institution and, on the basis of the obtained results, also considering the main existing sources of pollution, conclusions were drawn regarding the Jiu River water quality in the analyzed sector. Also, we applied an alternative control method whose purpose was to validate the initial conclusions.

USE OF THE STONEX S9 PLUS GPS RECEIVER FOR THE PREPARATION OF CADASTRE DOCUMENTATION FOR THE REGISTRATION IN THE LAND BOOK OF A PROPERTY

The purpose of the paper is to present a model for preparing topo-cadastral documentation for registration in the Land Book of a property, using modern equipment, methods and measurement systems. The respective building is located in Călărași commune, Sărata village, Dreptății street, number 3, Dolj county, being composed of construction yards and arable land, a residential building and two household annexes. In order to prepare the technical documentation necessary for registration in the land book of the building, a topographic survey was performed in the Stereographic 1970 projection system and the 1975 BLACK SEA reference system, using a Stonex S9 PLUS GPS receiver.

EFFECTS OF LEADER APPROACH IN THE RECONFIGURATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRUCTURES IN THE RURAL AREA

This article is the result of secondary analysis of data obtained from a research based on the partnership between the University of Craiova and the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Dolj County. The information obtained was placed in a wider context, in which there were added the specific influences of globalization and Romania's membership of the European Union. The main objective of the research was to identify the employers' requirements regarding the quality of human resources. Empirical exploration of the attitude of jobseekers revealed a high level of mismatch between employer searches and what is identified on the labor market. Also, you can see the need to prepare those looking for a job in order to attend the job interview with the best chances. The study we refer to in this article shows that professionalism is not enough for a job, looking for the specific skills and personality traits of the candidates, which often provide the score that makes the difference between the candidates. In such a context, the repeated failures of the applications, the low number of jobs and the low remuneration in relation to the European labor market will favor the renunciation of the personal development and the search for professional alternatives abroad, even if activities below the qualification level are performed but are generating higher incomes. The temptation of immediate income becomes stronger than the desire to build a career, which will have negative consequences in the long term.

PIN92 THE ECONOMIC BURDEN ASSESSMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS IN DOLJ COUNTY, ROMANIA: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS

Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis require high utilization of resources and cost-of-illness is always important for budgeting and long-term planning in a highly dynamic health care system. This study aimed to investigate the economic impact of tuberculosis and the service utilization pattern of patients with tuberculosis in Dolj County, Romania (with a population of 630,911 in 2018 from 19.3million Romanians). In this retrospective study, all patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were registered and completed their treatment at the health network of Dolj County, from January 2018 to December 2018, were included into the study. Data were collected from the patients’ records from the health care hospitals from Craiova, Calafat, Filiasi, Dabuleni, Bailesti, Leamna. We defined the primary outcome variables for this study as the direct costs expressed in the local currency ($1=RON4.31). Among the 1099 patients (with the age: mean=48.81years, min=1year, max=92years), 266 patients (24%) were with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and they were treated with amikacinum (5), cycloserinum (39), levofloxacinum (4), ofloxacinum (176) or protionamidum (42). The number of children <15 years with tuberculosis is 34 (3.1%). The tuberculosis rates are higher in men: 308 women (28%) and 791 men (72%), and the age-wise distribution is between the ages 35 and 64 years (640patients, 61%). The drug consumption value was RON327,170.5($75,910). The hospitalization days were in number of 100,961 with a cost of RON44,929,664($10,424,516). The costs for medical consultations (n=8,787) were RON97,327.35($22,582). The reimbursed value of the 1707 laboratory test were RON36,295.64($8,421). The total direct costs for patients with tuberculosis from Dolj is RON45,390,457($10,531,429). Our findings showed a very high value of direct costs that are reimbursed for patients with tuberculosis in Romania, representing an important economic burden, without taking into account the indirect costs as work absences necessitated by tuberculosis treatment.

Practici depoziţionale non-funerare La Tène târziu în sud-vestul României. Descoperirile de la Glogova şi Desa / Non-funerary depositional practices during the Late La Tène in southwestern Romania. The discoveries from Glogova and Desa

Practici depoziţionale non-funerare La Tène târziu în sud-vestul României. Descoperirile de la Glogova şi Desa / Non-funerary depositional practices during the Late La Tène in southwestern Romania. The discoveries from Glogova and Desa

International Conference “State and Society in Europe”, 12th edition, organized by “Alexandru and Aristia Aman” Dolj County Library, Craiova, Romania, 23rd to 26th October 2019

Between 23rd and 26th October 2019, “Alexandru and Aristia Aman” Dolj County Library and “Alexandru and Aristia Aman” Foundation of Craiova - courtesy of Dolj County Council, in partnership with other cultural and of higher education and scientific institutions research, organized the 12th edition of the international scientific conference “State and Society in Europe”. In the course of the event, keynotes addresses, parallel sessions, book launch, round table, parallel workshops, and exhibitions took place. Through the diversity and topicality of the scientific themes addressed, the manifestation brought together over 120 participants from 11 countries such as Albania, Greece, Serbia and, as expected, Romania. During the four days of the conference, participants had the opportunity to debate research results from different thematic areas and academic or university centres in Central and Eastern Europe. At the same time, this scientific event facilitated the intercultural dialogue which, in this globalized world, contributed to the mutual knowledge of the participants. After more than a decade of organizing annually, this conference has become of a tradition in disseminating the results obtained by the international scientific community.