Security Doctrine Research Articles

The Doctrine of Eternal Security: A Reflection on Perseverance of the Saints

One of the basic tenets in Christian doctrine is the doctrine of the Perseverance of the Saints, also known as Eternal Security. It provides a guarantee of eternal security for their salvation. According to this doctrine, once a person has been genuinely saved through faith in Jesus Christ, it is not possible to lose it. Rooted in the biblical characterization of God—His faithfulness and the sufficiency of Christ's atoning work—eternal security brings comfort and hope to believers. This paper considers some of the key scriptural texts supporting the doctrine, such as John 10:28-29 and Ephesians 1:13-14, which affirm that believers are firmly held in Christ's hands and sealed by the Holy Spirit. It also goes into the nuances of salvation as a process of transformation whereby the believer is continuously in the process of sanctification. The paper also argues against the common objections surrounding eternal security and brings a balanced account of the responsibility of a believer in salvation but without sacrificing divine sovereignty for human agency. The doctrine is then set forth not only as an assurance of salvation but as a stimulus for good living and persistence in faith, improving the person's relationship with God and a life lived with spiritual growth. This reflection would attempt to reaffirm that the assurance of eternal security is both a protective force against despair and a motivating power for holy living.

Soybean cultivation in Russia under modern conditions

The article presents an analysis of the current state of soybean production in the Russian Federation. It is shown that the production of this valuable high-protein oilseed crop over the previous years has made a huge breakthrough in conquering the market and increasing its share in the country’s total agricultural production. In Russia, in 2023, a record was set for the gross soybean production in history, with a total grain of 6.8 million tons. At the same time, the production leader also changed: from the traditional Far East, where soybeans have been cultivated for more than 100 years, to the Central Federal District, which has achieved the largest gross soybean yields in the country – about 3.0 million tons. Production growth is realized not only through extensive development paths, but also through increasing crop productivity. In 2023, the average yield in the country was 1.92 t/ha, which is also a historical maximum. It should be noted that in increasing productivity, the direction has been taken, according to the Food Security Doctrine, to increase to 75% the share of seeds of domestic varieties in the total volume by 2030, and for this there are all the necessary resources.

INFORMATION SPHERE OF A COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE IN THE LIGHT OF THE INFORMATION SECURITY DOCTRINE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION OF 2016

The purpose of the research. The article considers the admissibility of the category of information sphere in relation to the subject of economic activity from the point of view of the information security doctrine of the Russian Federation. The substantiation of the prospect of forming the information sphere of an economic entity as a single object that unites its elements connected with a single purpose is presented. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need and admissibility of considering the information sphere of a business entity as a construct that allows the owner of information to increase the protection of its rights. Results. The author concludes that the category of information sphere, if sufficiently elaborated, can be eventually introduced into circulation as an object that unites the elements of the information sphere that perform a single task and are technologically connected. The introduction of such an object into civil turnover is possible at the initial stage by means of clarifications of the highest judicial instance. The prospect of putting the information sphere into circulation will be made based on the results of an in-depth study of its elements, as well as the nature and features of the links between such elements, primarily within the system. Acquisition of the information sphere to the status of an object of civil rights will depend on the qualification of its elements as objects of civil rights. The speed of increasing relevance and the need to determine the legal status of the information sphere will depend on the rate of increase in the number of economic entities actively using digital technologies.

Media as an instrument of Russia's information policy

This article explores the role of the media in the implementation of the state information policy, as well as the possibility of domestic media to become a key tool in the information confrontation with unfriendly countries. Among the main threats in the Doctrine of Information Security of the Russian Federation is the increase in the use of information-psychological influence technologies by intelligence services of certain states, aimed at destabilising the internal political, social and economic situation in various regions of the world, leading to the undermining of sovereignty and violation of territorial integrity of other states. The influence of the media on mass consciousness remains, without exaggeration, extensive, despite the radical changes in the landscape of the media environment caused by the spread of the Internet. In the era of digitalisation, the information space is undergoing significant transformations, which also concern the methods of media influence on mass consciousness. The Internet, having become a global communication platform, has provided the media not only with new channels for content distribution, but also increased their influence through personalisation and algorithmic filtering of information. The author examines the methodology and principles of information flows application in the context of information warfare. The author also analyses the use of media not only as an information intermediary, but also as a conduit of values, ideology and positive image of Russia.

The essence of the system of actors ensuring national security

The article aims to clarify the actual essence of the system of actors ensuring national security of Ukraine. To achieve the goal of the research, a complex of general and specific methods of scientific knowledge is used (dialectical, abstraction, analysis and generalization, documentary analysis, summarization). It is argued that this system is not a set of entities, because the set of elements does not form a system since it is not characterized by the degree of interaction of its components, which leads to the appearance of a qualitatively new integrity – the form of expression of the structure which actually forms the system. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, it is identified that during the post-Soviet period of the development of the doctrine of national security and its provision, the essence of the complex of actors ensuring national security was understood as a set of these entities. In the current development of these doctrines, this complex is interpreted as a system. The modern understanding of national security and its provision indicates that certain foundations (principles of responsibility, patriotism, and national solidarity) impose requirements extending to a wide range of subjects, encompassing both public service agencies and civil society actors. Furthermore, it creates conditions for holistic interaction between different types of subjects, forming a subsystem of the national security system from these entities. The complex of actors ensuring national security of Ukraine appears as a system because it has its key features.

Экономическое регулирование отношений в агропромышленном молочно-продуктовом подкомплексе

The article examines current issues of inter-industry economic relations using the example of the dairy and product subcomplex as the most problematic in the agro-industrial complex. Based on a systemic analysis, it was revealed that the violation of cost proportions between technologically interconnected agricultural organizations, processing enterprises and the trade sector is the main reason for the crisis in dairy cattle breeding, a sharp decrease in the number of cows and, as a consequence, a shortage of milk and dairy products in our country. Therefore, the regulation of economic relations in order to create equal (equal) business conditions for all participants in the reproduction process and, first of all, agricultural dairy organizations in this study is presented as the main imperative for the effective functioning of the entire agro-industrial dairy and food subcomplex of Russia. All this is aimed at increasing the milking population of cows and increasing the volume of domestically produced milk, which will ultimately fill the Russian market with its own dairy products at the level of quantitative parameters adopted by the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation.

Анализ основных критериев обеспечения продовольственной безопасности региона (на материалах Рязанской области

The article analyzes the main criteria for ensuring food security in the Ryazan region. The information basis of the study was the electronic databases of Rosstat, Ryazanstat, Resolutions and Orders of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Ryazan region related to food security issues. A system of indicators given in the "Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation" is used for a comprehensive assessment of food security in the region. The indicators are determined in dynamics over 5 years. The most significant problems of the region in the studied issue have been identified: a low level of food independence for the group of fruits and vegetables; a significant lag from the recommended consumption rates of the most physiologically complete food products: meat, dairy products, vegetables, fruits and berries; a low level of economic accessibility of food. The objectives of the Ryazan Region State Program "Development of the agro-industrial complex" to solve these problems are highlighted.

Possibilities of an Electronic Nose on Piezoelectric Sensors with Polycomposite Coatings to Investigate the Microbiological Indicators of Milk.

Milk and dairy products are included in the list of the Food Security Doctrine and are of paramount importance in the diet of the human population. At the same time, the presence of many macro- and microcomponents in milk, as available sources of carbon and energy, as well as the high activity of water, cause the rapid development of native and pathogen microorganisms in it. The goal of the work was to assess the possibility of using an array of gas chemical sensors based on piezoquartz microbalances with polycomposite coatings to assess the microbiological indicators of milk quality and to compare the microflora of milk samples. Piezosensors with polycomposite coatings with high sensitivity to volatile compounds were obtained. The gas phase of raw milk was analyzed using the sensors; in parallel, the physicochemical and microbiological parameters were determined for these samples, and species identification of the microorganisms was carried out for the isolated microorganisms in milk. The most informative output data of the sensor array for the assessment of microbiological indicators were established. Regression models were constructed to predict the quantity of microorganisms in milk samples based on the informative sensors' data with an error of no more than 17%. The limit of determination of QMAFAnM in milk was 243 ± 174 CFU/cm3. Ways to improve the accuracy and specificity of the determination of microorganisms in milk samples were proposed.

Economic and statistical analysis of inflation in the food market (on the example of the Kaluga region)

The obvious and widely discussed rise in food prices raises the need to find answers to numerous questions: about the nature and sources of inflation in this sector of the economy; forms of its manifestation for various subjects of market relations; a system of indicators that adequately reflect the essence of inflation processes and socio-economic consequences for the country’s population. The article makes an attempt to assess the modern information base for an objective and comprehensive description of the level and dynamics of inflation, the degree of its influence on achieving the target indicators of the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation.

Primary Objectives of the Activities of Actors Ensuring National Security

The article is devoted to clarifying the key tasks of the actors ensuring national security, taking into account modern understanding of national security and its provision. Based on the analysis of current scientific literature, the authors highlight the approaches of Ukrainian scientists to the understanding of the complex of tasks of ensuring national security, which are consistent with the modern doctrine of national security and its provision. Considering the scientific views on the structure of the tasks of ensuring national security, seven main groups of the objectives of the national security entities are outlined. It is concluded that these targets envisage planning, creation, improvement and monitoring (in particular, for clarity and legal certainty, consistency and adaptability, taking into account complex and dynamic features of modern risks and challenges faced by the national security actors) in national security law making, and the results of standard-setting.

INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE DIRECTION OF INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE STATE POLICY OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION

The article analyzes modern features of state policy in the field of critical infrastructure protection. Attention is focused on the need for institutional transformations in the direction of improving efficiency, transparency, responsibility and responding to new security challenges in the conditions of a hybrid war with the Russian Federation.
 The practice of protecting critical infrastructure facilities in developed countries has been studied. It was determined that its priority is the actualization of the predicate of stability of critical infrastructure objects. The content of normative and legal acts of Ukraine in this area was analyzed. A number of provisions have been identified that allow the adjustment of the domestic security doctrine to the European vector of stability.
 Within the perspective of the development of the concept of sustainability, the intention of «critical infrastructure stakeholders» is substantiated. This opens up the prospects of creating transparent conditions for ensuring the annihilation of state institutions of power, state protection systems, the private sector, educational and scientific institutions and other stakeholders of critical infrastructure to the National System of Critical Infrastructure Protection at the next levels of management. The possible levels of such cooperation are determined.
 Modern scientific works were analyzed, which studied the prospects of changing the paradigm of protection and stability to the paradigm of resilience. The complex of institutional transformations is proposed to be expanded due to the application within the framework of the functioning of the National Critical Infrastructure Protection System of the process of determining and analyzing the range of risks that the country faces in the spheres of critical infrastructure functioning. The transformation of institutional protection systems is considered through the prism of systemic determinants, among which physical protection and defense, cyber protection and defense, preventive measures of protection and defense, and an educational and scientific approach are highlighted.
 The system of organization at the state level of conducting regular interdisciplinary trainings on the operational response to emergency situations at facilities has been studied. It is proposed to increase clarity in the delineation of responsibility for project threats and to strengthen control over compliance with the systematicity of interdisciplinary training. On the basis of the extrapolations of scientists' hypotheses and the results of the author's research, a proposal was made to systematize the main proposals for institutional transformations in the direction of increasing the effectiveness of the state policy for the protection of critical infrastructure in the form of a Preventive concept of resilience of critical infrastructure objects.

Information Warfare as a Tool of Political Confrontation in the Modern Multipolar World

The study is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of information warfare in the modern world. Authors concretized the concept of information warfare and its connection with hybrid warfare, which has replaced the mechanisms of direct “forceful” influence in a rapidly changing political architecture. The significance of the wars of the XXI century, which are conducted from the position of “soft power” and are characterized by a protracted nature, is revealed. Information warfare is considered as their most important component. The authors highlight the following features of information wars: they are conducted in the cultural field; their purpose is to transform the consciousness of a political opponent. These wars are aimed at value orientations, traditions, historical and cultural identity. The emergence of the concept of “information warfare” in the article is associated with the end of the Cold War at the end of the XX century and the definition of a new U.S. strategy. The main conditions and reasons for the transition to a new type of war are the collapse of the bipolar world, the growing threat of international terrorism, and the erosion of ethnic and cultural identity within the United States and allied countries themselves. Cybernetic troops are analyzed as a new specialized type of troops. The authors revealed two main spaces of the information war impact: the communicative environment and the field of probable social macro-conflict. Information warfare in research is considered as part of a military, economic, and geopolitical confrontation. The authors substantiate that an extremely intensive information war has been waged against the Russian Federation for more than 20 years. It involves depriving Russia not only of allies, but also replacing the “cultural and historical codes” in friendly countries, primarily by reformatting the consciousness of young people. The authors analyzed the documents aimed at solving the problem of information wars in Russia - the “Information Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation” and the “National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation”.

The Balkans and Israel’s Security Policy

The terrorist attack by Hamas against Israel on October 7, 2023 brought to the fore the issue of Israeli state security policy. This article answers the question of whether Israel has a national security doctrine and how it is formulated. The emphasis falls on the role of the Balkans as a strategic partner for Israel in achieving its broad political goals and ensuring the security of Israeli citizens and Jews abroad.

Технологический суверенитет и энергетическая безопасность

The doctrine of energy security and technological sovereignty are important strategic directions for ensuring national security and economic development of the country and contribute to strengthening the scientific and technological base of the state. The doctrine of energy security and the concept of technological sovereignty is based on a technological development concept, which includes, among other things, legal aspects of promising directions of technology development in order to increase the importance of labor resources, automation of production, development and launching of advanced technologies, increase the efficiency of resource use and change a social structure, which ultimately allows for an increase in the standard of living of the population, the expansion of economic growth and the development of social and cultural values.

ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ РОССИИ: АНАЛИЗ СОВРЕМЕННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ

The article analyzes the current state of Russian food security. During the study, methods of comparison, statistical analysis and grouping, and the method of differential calculus were used. The article analyzes the indicators of food independence for basic food products to determine their compliance with the Food Security Doctrine. Evaluation of the current situation in the field of food consumption in Russia is given. Indicators of economic accessibility are calculated, and the dynamics of consumption levels for the main types of products are presented. An assessment was made of the compliance of actual food consumption with established rational consumption standards, what made it possible to identify high differentiation in consumption by decile groups of the population and a worse situation among its low-income part.

Key challenges in the dietary intake structure and cutting edge technologies for optimizing nutrition to protect the health of the Russian рopulation

This article presents an analysis of some of the results of the work of the Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology (Center) in recent years, highlighting the most important, promising areas of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene that need further development. The priority area of Center functioning is scientific support for the implementation of the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation (Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated January 21, 2020 No. 20), Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 21, 2020 No. 474 «On the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030 «in terms of ensuring an increase in life expectancy and improving the life quality of the population, the Strategy for Improving the Quality of Food Products in the Russian Federation until 2030 (Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 29, 2016 No. 1364-r). The Center coordinates all research on medical nutrition problems in the Russian Federation within the framework of the work of the Problem Commission on Nutrition Hygiene of the Scientific Council of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, the Scientific Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences on Medical Nutrition Problems, the Scientific and Technical Committee of the Comprehensive Scientific Program «Priority Research in the Field of Nutrition of the Population», Profile Commission on Dietetics of the Expert Council in the Field of Health of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, ensuring the implementation of their results with the participation of members of the Consortium "Healthcare, Nutrition, Demography". The most important area of the Center's work is scientific and expert support in the field of international and national technical regulation of the production and turnover of foods and raw materials, in particular, the work of the Russian national contact point of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (established by FAO and WHO), as well as the work of the Russian side in the Eurasian Economic Commission regarding the preparation of proposals for technical regulations of the Customs Union in the field of food safety, evaluation of draft technical regulations and amendments and additions to them.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССОВ МАШИННОГО ДОЕНИЯ КОРОВ И ПЕРВИЧНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ МОЛОКА

Russian milk production by the end of 2023 amounted to 33,5 mln tons, that is almost in 0,5 mln tons more than in 2022. This was announced by the RF Ministry of Agriculture’s Head during the XV Congress of the National Union of milk producers, recalling that according to the Doctrine of food security, the dairy products’ indicator of self sufficiency is 90%; now national milk and dairy products about 85% of country needs covering. Dairy industry current state’s study has revealed a number of serious problems, such as low yield animals, their genetic potential’s inefficient realization, outdated and energy intensive technologies, high production costs including feed, energy and equipment ones, leading to lower profitability, difficulties associated with products’ sale, as well as dairy products processing and storage’s an inefficient primary care system, leading to losses and quality’s decrease using. These problems require a comprehensive approach to solve them; in response, we have developed the main directions for dairy cattle breeding efficiency improving. As a part of research projects, milking equipment’s modern components have been created, specially adapted to animals’ physiological requirements. One of the significant improvements is an electric pulsator with an electronically controlling valve mechanism, that significantly the milking process’s efficiency increasing. In addition, improved devices have been developed for highly efficient milk purification from mechanical and bacterial contamination, that allows its marketability to increase and its shelf life to extend. These innovations’ introduction into dairy farms’ producing lines contributes not only milk production and product’s quality improving, but also the enterprises’ profitability significantly increasing. These changes are extremely important for dairy cattle breeding further development and its market’s position strengthening. Thus, these technological innovations’ introduction won’t only the dairy industry competitiveness increasing, but also its sustainable development ensuring.

Reproduction of the mineral resource base of the energy sector as the most important component of ensuring Russia’s energy security

The situation with the production and consumption of primary fuel and energy resources in 2021-2023 is analyzed. The main threats to energy security and analysis groups declared in the Doctrine of Energy Security of the Russian Federation are characterized. The situation with the reproduction of the mineral resource base of the energy sector is analyzed based on the assessment of the state of the relevant indicators of energy security at the federal level. The main reasons are analyzed and conclusions are made on the emerging trends in the renewal of industrially recoverable reserves of the main primary fuel and energy resources.

U.S. Foreign Policy On Democratization In Tunisia:, The Democratic Security Doctrine And Myopic Policymaking

U.S. Foreign Policy On Democratization In Tunisia:, The Democratic Security Doctrine And Myopic Policymaking

Information Security as an Element of the Personal Constitutional Status

The article is devoted to the identification and their correlation of such legal concepts as “constitutional and legal status of a person” and “information security of a person”. The article is focused on the main factors affecting the constitutional and legal status of a person, which include political and economic conflicts, the crisis of international law, the widespread use of new technologies, including information and communication technologies. In order to identify the nature of the relationship between the constitutional and legal status and information security of a person, the author analyzes the content of the concept of “information security of a person”, “digital security of a person”, “cybersecurity of a person”. Under the information security of a person, which is much more comprehensive than digital security, the author understands the achievement of personal security along with the guarantees of realization of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests related to information. It argues that the information security is connected not only with ensuring the right to information, but also with a whole range of constitutional rights, in particular, with such ones: 1) the openness and reliability of information about the activities of all public authorities; 2) obtaining information that needs to exercise other constitutional rights (the right to access to cultural values, the right to health protection, etc.); 3) information related to a person's identity, personal data; rights realized in the digital space by information and communication technologies. The author studies the provisions of the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation and the Information Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation, which has showed that the rightful content of the information security of a person is to protect human rights and freedoms and relevant legitimate interests. The article concludes that personal information security cannot be recognized as a new human right. It is an element of the constitutional and legal status and refers to the guarantees of human rights and freedoms.