Divine Religions Research Articles

الحمایة القانونیة لذوی الإعاقة والاحتیاجات الخاصة (دراسة مقارنة مع عدة دول)

اهتمت قوانين العديد من الدول العربية بشئون ذوي الإعاقة والاحتياجات الخاصة، ومنها: مصر- السعودية – الکويت – الإمارات- سلطنة عمان. ولم يکن الاهتمام بذوي الإعاقة والاحتياجات الخاصة مقصورا على إقليم الدولة بل سبقها إلى ذلک المجتمع الدولي ممثلا في منظمة الأمم المتحدة التي وضعت اتفاقية حقوق الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة عام 2006م، ودخلت حيز التنفيذ سنة 2010م، والحقيقة: إن الأديان السماوية – وعلى رأسهم الشريعة الإسلامية – قد سبقت الجميع في العناية بذوي الإعاقة والحث على احترامهم ودمجهم بالمجتمع. وقد تطور مفهوم ذوي الإعاقة أو ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة، ففي البداية کان يطلق على أي شخص توجد فيه إعاقة اسم المقعد ثم ذي العاهة للدلالة على الشخص الذي توجد به إعاقة، وبعد ذلک اسم العاجز وبعد ذلک أصبح هنالک فرق في تلک النظرة على اعتبار أن أفراد تلک المجتمعات هم الذين عجزوا عن تقبل تلک الفئة، واستثمار قدراتهم، خاصة أن تلک الفئة من الممکن أن تکمن لديها قدرات ومواهب يمکن الاستفادة منها، وتطويرها لتکون فئة فاعلة في المجتمعات، وربما تتميز تلک الفئة عمن حولها من الفئات، والتسميات القديمة تولد في نفس هذا الشخص شعورا بالإحباط، مما يؤثر على حياته وعلاقته مع المجتمع، لذلک وجدت التسميات الجديدة، التي تبعث في نفوسهم الإيجابية والحيوية؛ کتسمية ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة، وتسمية ذوي الصعوبات. من هنا جاء بحثنا هذا، والتي سنحاول من خلاله - بإذن الله تعالى - الإطلالة سريعا على موضوع (الحماية القانونية لذوي الإعاقة والاحتياجات الخاصة) بشکل مقارن مع عدة دول، وکذا بيان الوضع الدولي، ومن قبله بيان موقف الشريعة الإسلامية من ذلک. ولتوضيح ذلک نقسم هذا البحث إلى ثلاثة مباحث على النحو التالي: المبحث الأول: حماية التشريع الإسلامي لذوي الإعاقة والاحتياجات الخاصة. المبحث الثاني: حماية الاتفاقيات الدولية لذوي الإعاقة والاحتياجات الخاصة. المبحث الثالث: ذوو الإعاقة والاحتياجات الخاصة في قوانين بعض الدول. Abstract: The laws of many Arab countries concerned affairs of persons with disabilities and special needs, including: Egypt - Saudi Arabia - Kuwait - UAE - Sultanate of Oman. Disability and special were not confined to territory of State but were preceded by international community, represented by United Nations, which established Convention on Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2006. It came into effect in 2010. Indeed, divine religions - Everyone has taken precedence in caring for people with disabilities and urging their respect and integration into society. The concept of people with disabilities or people with special evolved. Initially, a person with a disability was called the seat and then disabled to indicate person with disability and then name disabled. After that, there was a difference in view that it was members of these communities who were unable to accept this category, and invest their abilities, especially that this group may have potential and capabilities can be used, and developed to be effective in community, The category of categories around it, and old labels generate a sense of frustration in same person, which affects his life and his relationship with community, so new labels, which give them a positive and vital character, such as naming people with special needs. This is our research, in which we will try, God willing, to quickly look at subject of legal protection for persons with disabilities and special needs in a comparative manner with several countries, as well as statement of international situation. To illustrate this, we divide this research into three topics as follows: The first topic: Protection of Islamic legislation for people with disabilities and special needs. The second topic: Protection of international conventions for people with disabilities and special needs. Third topic: Persons with disabilities and special in laws of some countries.

Stabilizing Business Cycles by PLS Banking and Ethic Economics

In addition to discuss economic cycle’s theories in this paper by decomposing money market into two markets of "saving-depositing" and "investment-credit facilities", we study the time structure behavior of depositor-bank-investor and conclude that the traditional banking structure creates fluctuations in money sector and interest rate. These fluctuations affect the real sector through saving and investment and undulate the economy as well. Mathematical derivations show that banking structure is one of the main factors of economic cycles. Therefore, the abolition of usury (Riba) is proposed as the solution to relate directly investment to saving via The Rastin Profit and Loss Sharing Banking. In this framework, the bank offers investment management services and obtains commission. In The Rastin Profit and Loss Sharing Banking risks are practically transferred from credit facility sector (loans) to deposit sector and bank does not face any losses. On the other hand, the creation of a strong structural relationship between the interest rate of deposits and credit facility interest rate does not let any losses to occur in the capital market while there is profit in the deposit market. This concept is against the conventional banking system in which if the borrower obtains profit or loss; he has to pay interest (profit) to the depositor.The second pathological defect of economic crisis is the excessive consumption and economic greed and similar bad habits which expand economic cycles. The adjustment of mankind behavior, according to Islamic and other divine religions ethical and mystical tuitions, will practically prevent the intensity of crises. Prevention of extravagance frees a large portion of economic resources, and therefore, the magnitude of the business cycle will be reduced, and economic stability will be relatively increased.

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balaghah, and the first volume of the interpretation of Zamakhshari's

The Prophet of Islam, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), is the chosen servant of God, the last of the prophets of the divine religion, the teacher of the verses of wisdom, and the trainer and assistant of human beings. When ignorance and darkness shone in Hejaz, he was summoned from the kingdom of heaven to earth. The most divine angel became earthly and spent all his life with his blessing, filled with many ups and downs, in the direction of guidance of the people and the invitation to the religion of Islam, and with the worship and servitude of the essence of the right to the highest degree of worship and highest peak of humanity.In the Holy Qur'an, the eternal miracle of the great Prophet Muhammad that has always been regarded as the book of human guidance, the Prophet (PBUH) has been very much spoken of. The obedience of the Prophet has been raised along with obedience to God. The persecution and disrespect of the Prophet (PBUH) has been as painful a as torment and damnation of God in this world and the world after, and God's friendship is conditional upon obedience to the Prophet (PBUH). The Divine conduct of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) and his mercy and patience are described as the coherence and unity of Muslims and is described by the interpretation of Surely, you (Prophet Muhammad) are of a great morality [1] . According to the verses of the Holy Qur'an, which includes more than 500 verses, the existence of the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) is a favor to humanity, a mercy for the universe, an eternal pattern for the human race, and a witness to all the divine prophets. The commander of the believers, Imam Ali, who had always been with the Prophet since childhood, in the valuable book of Nahj al-Balaghah portrays various stages of the Prophet’s life during various sermons and speaks of the greatness of the Prophet (PBUH).This study has tried to survey the ethics and behavior of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) in the holy books of the Holy Qur'an and Nahj al-Balaghah, as well as the interpretation of Zamakhshari's Al–Kashshaaf, and there verses, sermons and commentaries in this field have been pointed out. Although no one can claim that this unique personality of the universe has been known to him completely and comprehensibly, so that he can write his knowledge about the Prophet. DOI : 10.7176/RHSS/9-12-12 Publication date :June 30 th 2019 [1] http://parsquran.com/data/show.php?sura=68&ayat=4&user=far&lang=eng&tran=1

IT Role in Fulfillment of Profit & Loss Sharing (PLS) Mechanism

In this paper, we are going to introduce a new IT master solution to improve non-usury banking performance. All divine religions emphasize on usury prohibition. It is concluded that with some IT solutions, it may be possible to fulfill the worldly requirement by use of IT systems without any incredulity. Since depositors are shareholders of Non-Usury Bank Corporation (NU Bank Co), therefore integrated information systems can provide suitable infrastructure for transactions recording and management done by all participants' chains; and the end of process the yields of investment capital of depositors that invest in real economy can be distributed by safe delivery channels such as branches, ATM, WEB, Meaningful WEB. IT (as BPR, ERP, CRM, SCM, MES, MEX, HRM, WFM) that use single and integrated data warehouses) accompanying with standardization in all processes not only prepare PLS mechanism as main difference between conventional and non-usury banking but also simplify risk management and decline operational risk in comparison with conventional non-usury banking. Foundation of real non-usury banking can be based on an integrated IT system that links depositors, NU Bank Co, business partners, investors, stock exchange agencies, social security organization, certificate authorities (CA). Therefore, all related sectors may access the working flow of capital; IT processes, investment returns, and this causes stability in financial markets and achieve social justice establishment. In this paper, we are going to find a solution to this question: is it possible to connect depositors, bank, and investors in an integrated IT system to bring out PLS mechanism? Accordingly, we use a new kind of bank named by "Non-Usury Bank Corporation (Nu bank Co)" to fulfill the PLS criterion. This kind of non-usury bank will be capable of being established in different commercial law systems around the world. Thus, it will provide a suitable environment to automate non-usury banking operations that connect profits of depositors, bank, and loaners all together by using financial automatic communication channels.

SPIRIT OF NOAH : MEMAKNAI ULANG SEMANGAT KENABIAN DALAM ALKITAB MELALUI KARYA SENI RUPA

<p><em>In the legend of Noah's Ark, God punished one whole generation of Noah who were wicked and defying God by sending a natural disaster in the form of the Great Flood, destroying the nature. Noah was commanded to build an ark (medium) to save himself, his family, and his followers, also all kind of animals in pairs; to save a generation of life that later will create a new civilization and culture in a new area or location. The legend of Noah's Ark can be found in almost every holy book of divine religions where the story conveys the message of a life-cycle and how we learn about the meaning of life.</em></p><p><em>Associating the story with our current lives, Noah's Ark has two concepts of interpretation; in the context of salvation and at the same time as a mediation space of the birth of a new culture. How human save themselves from their worldly problems, and at the same time a mediation space, a shifting space from the old culture into the new culture. These two concepts of Noah's Ark are the background and the base this creation for the writer.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords :</em></strong><strong> <em>Spirit of Noah, graphic art, hermeneutika</em>.</strong></p>

Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Akhlak terhadap Dosen Kesehatan dalam Prespektif Islam di Akademi Kebidanan Yogyakarta

Islam is a divine religion that places the values of humanity or personal, interpersonal and community relations in a grand and sublime way, there is no difference from one another, justice, relevance, peace that binds all aspects of humanity. The Yogyakarta midwifery academy is an educational institution that prints professional and independent health workers, the majority of its human resources are women. Of course there are many rules and ethics that must be maintained and adhered to in their activities in providing midwifery services or in teaching and learning activities, such as language style, how to dress and so on, speaking style, how to dress, while maintaining ethics in speaking and dressing. how health lecturers can maintain morals in everyday life both in the academic and non-academic world. So that they can live calmly, respect each other and respect each other respect each other. This study uses a naturalistic approach. Resources are key people who are determined by snowball and purposive. Data are collected through observation techniques, independent interviews, interviews / dialogues and documentation. Data that has been collected is then followed by stages of description, reduction, selection, discussion, analysis and conclusions. Research Results: the implementation of healthy lecturers' ahklak values at the Yogyakarta midwifery academy in dressing the majority of hijab (Muslim fashion) Health lecturers in Muslim dress still many who have not "syari". The profile of midwife lecturers at the Yogyakarta Midwifery Academy has not been optimal in carrying out religious values in the context of Ahklak, implementation of 5S at the Yogyakarta Midwifery Academy lecturers of Health have not fully implemented and have not become 5S culture slogan in academics.

ISLAM DAN HUBUNGAN ANTAR AGAMA

The existence of the world is accompanied by the reality of various religions, languages, and cultures. Various conflicts that arise in the world actually arise from the lack of understanding of this diversity which even appears in the form of violence in the name of religion. In the confusion caused by conflict about diversity, pluralism was born as a solution.. But of course, because pluralism comes from outside Islam, it is necessary to do an in-depth study of whether this flow is in line with the spirit of Islam or vice versa. The results of the study on this matter are that Islam accepts pluralism. Some points to be argued in this case are the equality of divine religions in tauhid uluhiyah faith, Islam teaches tolerance both among religious people and among religious believers, and even Islam teaches the teachings of brotherhood not only in the form of ukhuwwah Islamiyah but also in ukhuwwah insaniyyah. Even so, Islam does not accept pluralism in the concept of John Hick who believes that all religions are true and leads to salvation, because what is meant by Islam with pluralism is a peaceful social life between humans with different religious understanding. Theological differences are indeed undeniable in their existence in religious life. But Islam is a religion that is best prepared to interact with other religions in social matters, both in concept and in application.

KEPEMIMPINAN PROFETIK DALAM PERSPEKTIF MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

Leadership is the main pillar in organizing an organization. The success of Islam as a divine religion will no be separated from the personality of a figure who has high integrity and capability. Muhammad as a figure, the Prophet and the Apostle is a rule model in managing (designer) teliabel all forms of life from family, community to head of state. In Jalaluddin Rachmat’s pint of view there are two forms in dealing with Islam: both textual and the second contextual. The conceptual Islam is Islam contained in the Qur’an as a revelation whose truth will be left when the interpreters are able to understand it in the present context. While the actual Islam is a smart and brilliant idea how to display the figure of Islam is cool, harmonious, and full of peace. Showing such Islam is an unattached portion of a reliable managerial figure in which the pattern of enforcement of juistice as the basis of the all-embracing idealism has been termed by Kunto Wijoyo in which the managerial arrangement of social, political, managerial directed to a transformative order in which Islam and management constitute a united whole in order to organize social life.
 Keywords. Leadership, Islam, Education, Prophetic.

Theological Symbolisation Of Watugunung Myth And Sangkuriang Legend (Comparative Literature Study)

<p>Science that has developed to this day seems to shift the role of the logic of Theo-logos, namely science that is still supported by divine values or religion. Before humans recognize the logic of science as a tool to understand truth, humans initially seek truth by using mythical logic so that myth is called pre-logic. Between myth and science or logos has the same role, which is to be an answer to chaos in understanding a natural phenomenon. One of the pre-logical phenomena is found in literary works of various myths or legends. Some of them are the myth of <em>Watugunung </em>and the legend of <em>Sangkuriang</em>. Both works are urgently studied in the comparative literature study paradigm, because they contain the same substance, namely the incest and symbolism of the <em>siwaistic</em> understanding of the archipelago. The focus of the issue that will be discussed in this study is how is sexual relations in the <em>Watugunung</em> Myth and <em>Sangkuriang</em> Legend as theological symbolization? This problem was assessed using structural and semiotics theory while, the research method used a qualitative paradigm with the type of data in the form of narration or discourse in the medium of language. The primary data source is the text of the <em>Medang Kemulan</em> Manuscript and the printed text of the <em>Sangkuriang</em> Manuscript. The theological symbolization in the myths of <em>Watugunung</em> and the legend of <em>Sangkuriang</em> there are several symbols, namely: (a) <em>Phaulus </em>as a symbol and understanding of Shiva, (b) Symbol of fertility due to meeting <em>lingga</em> with <em>yoni</em>, (c) Symbol of Wealth, (d) Symbol of awareness of sexuality, (e ) Symbol of awareness of time, (f) Symbol of awareness of the holy place. While symbolizing the theological meaning in <em>Sangkuriang</em>, namely: (a) Mountain as a symbol of Shiva, (b) Symbol of unification of mountains with lake water (<em>lingga</em> and <em>yoni</em>), (c) Symbols of sexual awareness, and (d) Symbol of awareness of time and place.</p>

The Place of Sports in the Light of Quran, Hadiths and the Opinions of the Muslim Scholar in Islam

Islam with all aspects which affects the soul, heart, body, and the every section of your daily life is the last divine religion. Our religion commands to protect our mental and physical health. So it set many orders and recommendations and rules for protection and develop our body. In this study, it was aimed to examine the place of sport in the light of Qur'an, hadith and opinions of the Muslim scholar in Islam and data were obtained by literature review. Islam promotes some physical education activities due to having balanced, strengthen, healthy of body without delay Worship life. Our prophet has confirmed some useful activities such as swimming, shooting, wrestling into his age. In this regard, he has shown a way to their Ummah.

KONSEP HIKMAT AL-TASYRÎ’ SEBAGAI ASAS EKONOMI DAN KEUANGAN BISNIS ISLAM MENURUT ALI AHMAD AL-JURJAWI (1866-1961M) DALAM KITAB HIKMAT AL-TASYRÎ’ WA FALSAFATUHU

Ali Ahmad Al-Jurjawi (1866-1961) a modernist from the Egyptian city of Jarja. Al-Jurjawi lived in a time of shock, known as the Egyptian revolution from the clutches of France. European colonization of the Islamic world (Egypt), which tends to manage the economy with a conventional (secular) system. These conditions affect the construction of scholarship which is occupied by Al-Jurjawi, plus the difficulty of finding the ideal books, especially regarding Islamic law and wisdom or secrets that exist in Islamic teachings. Starting from such a situation Al-Jurjawi much got the idea of philosophy and thought and determined to write a book that discusses the wisdom of Islamic Shari'ah, which is named Hikmat al-Tasyri 'wa Falsafatuhu . Then how kosep wisdom al-Tashri 'became the economic and financial principles of Islamic business according to Al-Jurjawi in the book. The result, the concept of wisdom al-Tasyri 'Al-Jurjawi is amazing wisdom, astonishing mind and satisfy the heart of the shari'ah of the divine religion aims to know God, inhumanizing, knowing how to worship and Think about it by establishing the law necessary to be done amar ma'ruf nahi mungkar and benefit servants of the world and the hereafter. The reason for wisdom of al-Tashri 'as the economic and financial principle in Islamic business according to Al-Jurjawi, to realize submission to the Shari'ah of Allah; preserving the Sunnah of the Prophet; keep away from the forbidden; foster moral development; realizing brotherhood and unity. All according to Al-Jurjawi contains benefit the world and the hereafter, in an effort to know God by worshiping and ma'ruf nahi munkar and morally noble character. It is embodied in the concept of hablum minnallâh wa minannâs . Benefit as the principle of innovation of economic and financial activities in contemporary Islamic business according to the researchers lies in the wisdom of ihyâu al-Mawât his Al-Jurjawi is to innovate in business for benefit people

Al-Riba (Bunga) dalam Perspektif Sejarah & Agama

Riba is not a matter of concern in Islamic society, but actually outside of Islam also take seriously problem of usury. For, usury has become a discussion among Jews, Greeks, as well as Romans and Christians.Riba in the divine religion has been declared haraam, the Jews forbade the taking of flowers. This prohibition is contained in the Old Testament (the Old Testament) as well as the Talmudic laws. In Roman and Greek societies prohibited interest in its territory. Interest at that time was strictly prohibited by strict laws. The Christian side considers that the verse contained in Luke 6: 34-35 as a verse that condemns the practice of making flowers. In the Islamic religion also strictly prohibits the practice of usury. It is contained in the Qur'an and as-Sunna.

Antropologijska strujanja u novijoj teologijskoj misli

Apart from the traditional, orthodox comprehension concerning revaled, suprarational religious truth and supernatural, divine religion origin according to which faith is a gift of heaven and of divine grace mediated by divine illumination through God’s sign, anthropological comprehensions appear recently in theological thought concerning the origin of religion (e. g. bishop and theologian J. A. T. Robinson (; according to these comprehensions religion is a product of mankind originating in human nature, from its need to transcend into infinity. This is in fact foundation of theology in anthropology, of theism in humanism. Ideational presence of some contemporary philosophical trends is obvious in contemporary Christian theology, and especially the presence of phenomenology and existentialism interceded with influence of M. Heidegger’s thought. Moreover Marxism is treated by recent theology in a new, more open and more realistic way. Since mentioned theological trends move necessarily towards philosophy (man and his salvation become subject-matter of religious thought), it is easier then to actualize a philosophical dialogue with them, even from a Marxist point of view, too. New tendencies appear especially between the wars due to liberal and dialectical protestant theology, but this article exposes K. Rahner, possibly the most important among respected contemporary catholic theologians, who are also concerned with these new tendencies,

THE STRATEGY FOR WORLD-PEACE BEFORE THE PROPHETHOOD OF MUHAMMAD PBUH - A HISTO-GEOGRAPHICAL STUDY

Before the arrival of Muhammad (PCBU), the condition of the land of Arab was such that the humanity was groping in the dark, the human conscience has become filthy with ignorant ideas and norms of the society had been deteriorated to its lowest. The roots of humanity had become hallow due to the excessive indulgence of man in luxury and at the same time it was a condition of high deprivation in terms of knowledge. In addition to it, ignorance and barbarism were in prevalence, the religions were thoroughly circumscribed, the divine religions had been tempered with and lost their authenticity and reverence and become soulless and motionless hallow structure with some superstitious and mundane customs left in them. Prior to the advent of Islam whether it was the Roman Empire or the Sassanid Empire of Persian or Jewish culture and civilization or Indian eroticism and untouchability or Bedouin or jingoistic features of Arab land or Monarchy of China, every system and civilization was littered with barbarism and bloodshed of humanity and no one was expected to talk about humanity or the protection of rights of humanity. There was no hope at all that any savior of humanity may emerge on the horizon who may promote the lesson of rights and justice, peace and reconciliation, or the one who may uphold the cause of peace, justice, wisdom and reconciliation. The world was devoid of such lexicon as peace, justice, and equality. Prior to the Holy Prophet of Allah, Muhammad (PBUH), there were some voices of reason that were raised as they were tired of the barbarism and bloodshed; these voices are called unwarranted pledge (Half ul Fuzool). But this ray of hope had the capacity to illuminate it might have illuminated only the Arab land with its light and only the last Prophet of Allah might have verified it.

The Translation and Exegesis of the Religious Texts and the Need for Religious Linguistics

Linguistics, the science which studies the humanitarian languages scientifically, tackled from its beginning in the 19th century certain linguistic aspects such as, Phonetics, Syntax, Morphology, and Semantics. In the course of time, this science has witnessed continuous developments so as to include other lingual disciplines and secondary lingual sciences, like Historical Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, Contrastive Linguistics, not to mention the other lingual sciences and theories, such as Language Acquisition and Learning, Discourse Analysis, Stylistics and others. In spite of the fact that all these disciplines have come about from General Linguistics, still there is a field which needs a great deal of study and concern, namely the effect of the religious texts or religion in general on language. It is a well-known fact that different religious interpretations and exegeses, especially those dealt with Divine religions, created sectarian outlooks which led to blood sheds in European Christian communities since the middle ages and recently amongst Arab and Muslim peoples. This can be attributed to the lack of understanding languages since they are pregnant with rich heritages of their own, something which requires the need of dedicating a new branch of linguistic study, namely Religious Linguistics. The oriental linguists, whether Muslims, Christians and Jews can contribute greatly in this field of studies since these Jewish, Christian and Islamic holy books were basically written in their Hebrew, Aramaic/Syriac and Arabic respectively, and had different translations and exegeses. Such a new field, then, will lead to revise the holy books, their exegeses, rhetoric, idioms, style and all their lingual aspects scientifically, and to more understating, harmony and rapprochement between all the followers of these religions.

The Concept of Politics in Semitic Religions

There is a thought pattern rampant in the west that there is no concept of politics in Divine Religions and this thought is continuously been propagated and given strength. Politics and religion are two different things and this view has seriously kept apart from religion and politics for centuries distorting the role of religion. Consequently this misconception has opened the doors for oppression and exploitation. It is therefore, necessary to dismiss this misconception and set the records straight. The purpose of this article is to present the right concept of politics in divine religions. The article further explains the relation between religion and politics in the light of Qur’an and Sunn’ah. Keywords: Qur’an, Politics, Ibn e Khuldun, Semitic, Christianity

A Critical Analysis of Jesus Christ’s Personality in the Light of the Attributes of God mentioned in the Encyclopedia of Religions

The perfect meaning of God's attributes is far beyond the realm of human experience, therefore, the issue has been discussed in the all three divine religions and many theologins have their points of views on this important issue. As far as the christian concept of the attributes of lord is concerned, the author of the article William Joseph Hill has not given any clear idea regarding the attributes in the Christian religious thought which can be accepted as the proper attributes of God. The basic reason for that is the existance of controversial beliefs and thoughts in christianity regarding the attributes of lord and Jesus Christ.The doctrine of Trinity is also one of the main reason due to which the Christians are facing a lot of ambiguity about the nature and attributes of God and thus a big confusion in chirstian theology surfaced while dedicating attributes to God and Jesus and this thing paved the way for a great and infinite controversy. It seems that the author Joseph Hill was also not clear about it. Some of the attributes mentioned in the new testament show their linkage to God while others to Jesus. Attributes like goodness, immanence, Grace, Justice, Holiness, Mercy, Ominipotence etc appear in the new Tastement but yet no one can clearly say whether these are related to God or Jesus Christ. Keywords: Christianity, Sub-Continenet, Islam, Malabar, Jesus

TELEVISI SEBAGAI MEDIA DAKWAH

Islam is one of the divine religions that emphasizes the importance of da’wah (Islamic preaching) activities. Therefore, da'wah becomes one of the activities of every Muslim in his life. Da’wah can be done through various ways and media, both visual and audio visual, such as television and others. Television is very effective in delivering content of da’wah, because in this modern era television has been entering in almost all the homes of the people as audiences of da’wah. The most important is to display the right content with competent speakers, and with the right program or event as well. In this case, Televisi Republik Indonesia (TVRI) Central Sulawesi created a program called Lentera Hati. This is a program of Islamic da’wah that is broadcasted on every Thursday at 20.00 pm. The content is delivered through the presentation of the material by a competent speaker. Thus, the goal of da’wah to the people of Central Sulawesi as audiences can be achieved.

A Comparative Study of the Punishments and related Teachings about adultery in World Religions

Acquisition of peace, eradication of crimes and cleaning a society of all immoral activities is the basic and equal need of all human beings without any differentiation of any worldly and divine religions, on the basis of this need, Imam Ghazali declared “peace” is the purpose of Islamic jurisprudence. Islamic jurisprudence expects protection of faith, life, reason, race and property from humans for the humans. Protection and prevalence of theses five purposes is called peace in Islamic jurisprudence. In the religion of our world, there are two ways of acquisition of peace, eradication of crimes and protection of property, First awareness and fright of divine punishments on committing a sin or sins, Secondly, to punish the wrong doer on the basis of the nature of his/her crime in the circle of pure justice. These worldly punishments have remained different in different ages and religions while in our modern world and revolted era, punishments of Islamic Jurisprudence are considered stick and against the humans rights, especially punishments relating to adultery and fornication. It is therefore, considered imperative to compare these punishment relating to adultery and fornication , we have in our Islamic jurisprudence to those of other religion in order to unearth the relating of considering Islamic punishments strict and against the human rights.

IDENTITAS DAN KARAKTERISTIK NABI-NABI ISRAEL DALAM PERJANJIAN LAMA

Nabi-Nabi Israel banyak dikemukakan Kitab Suci Agama Kristen, baik Perjanjian Lama maupun Perjanjian Baru. Artikel ini menguraikan konsep kenabian dalam perspektif agama Kristen, terutama dalam Perjanjian Lama. Uraian diawali dengan pemaparan Israel sebagai bangsa, identitas orang pemberani, sosok manusia yang mirip nabi tetapi bukan nabi yang muncul pada bangsa-bangsa sekitar Israel. Tulisan ini juga mengungkap sebutan dan tugas nabi, nabi dan kondisi ekstase, dan nabi dan nubuat. Masing-masing tema yang diuraikan terdiri dari beberapa sub-tema yang dianggap relevan. Nabi-Nabi Israel yang dikisahkan dalam Perjanjian Lama menempati ruang istimewa dalam sejarah kekristenan, bahkan sejarah kenabian Agama Samawi lainnya, seperti Yahudi dan Islam. Keistimewaan para nabi terletak pada status keterpilihannya oleh Tuhan dan panggilan khusus yang diberikan kepada mereka. Seorang nabi memiliki tugas untuk menerima pesan Tuhan melalui wahyu dan menyampaikan pesan tersebut kepada manusia. Nabi adalah orang yang berbicara atas namaTuhan dengan keterlibatan perasaan yang kuat.