Diverse Viewpoints Research Articles

PISA 전후 우리나라의 교육 참조 국가 변화

Objectives This paper investigate whether the PISA rankings have resulted in the shifting of USA and high ranking countries referential status in South Korea education.
 Methods For the purposes of analysis, media representation and the number of articles of referential countries education in South Korea is analyzed by using a newspaper holding a high market share and diverse viewpoints from three time periods: two years before and after the first PISA release and for the last two years.
 Results Referential countries are diversified from only two countries, USA and Japan, after PISA in elementary and secondary education. Articles have much less detail about USA education. USA losing considerably slowly its status as a reference point for Korea education and the pattern of Japan articles has peculiarity.
 Conclusions The results of this study imply that the pattern of external referencing in media representation is affected by not only PISA but also historical, political, and cultural experiences in the case of South Korea. The world university ranking, meanwhile, has even bigger impact than PISA and cultural experience in a university education.

A multi‐objective particle swarm optimization for matching domain ontologies

As a generic conceptual model for describing domain knowledge, ontology is able to provide a formal and concrete description on the concepts in different domains. Since different ontology engineers have diverse viewpoints on the world, leading to the heterogeneity issue among different ontologies. To solve this problem, this paper investigates how to make certain the correspondences of entities between different domain ontologies, that is, domain ontology matching problem. When solving this problem, how to effectively aggregate different similarity measures to differentiate entities and obtain high‐quality alignment is the kernel issue. In this paper, we first introduce two statistical metrics for measuring ontology alignment's quality, then, an optimization model is established for the multi‐objective ontology matching problem, and a Multi‐Objective Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (MOPSO) is proposed to optimize the quality of domain ontology alignment. The experimental results illustrate that it outperforms OAEI's participants with respect to both recall and precision.

Unveiling the Veiled: Leveraging Deep Learning and Network Analysis for De-Anonymization in Social Networks

Online anonymity allows individuals to safeguard their personal information. It provides the freedom for anyone to express themselves without being concerned about censorship, discrimination, or retaliation. This pseudonym also provides opportunities for individuals to promote open discourse and diverse viewpoints. However, in today's digital age, this online anonymity has become a growing concern. Although the safeguarding of people’s rights, the advancement of free speech, and the development of a more diverse and democratic online community all depend heavily on the anonymity of online users, there are risks as well, such as cyberbullying, harassment, and the propagation of false information. Because of their anonymity, predators, groomers, and other unscrupulous individuals may be able to take advantage of vulnerable individuals, especially children and adolescents. In order to trick victims into hazardous or abusive situations, adversaries can hide their identities. Deep learning and network analysis can be used to reveal the true identities of anonymous social media users in order to combat this. Deep learning algorithms are capable of analyzing a wide range of social network data, including user behavior, relationships, and content, in order to find patterns and correlations that can lead to the true identities of users that go anonymous. The proposed system includes examining network topology and group dynamics to identify potential anomalies and connections that could lead to de-anonymization. This paper proposes a novel module for de-anonymization integrating deep learning and network analysis in social networks.

Summaries

Summaries

Disrupting Ableism and Racism in the Classroom

Abstract This article explores how ability has been used together with racism and other intersectionalities to exclude marginalised populations in educational settings. The definitions of culturally sustaining pedagogy and universal design for learning are applied to further ways of inclusion in our diverse classrooms. Treating ability as a culture is essential for understanding how these two theories work together to disrupt oppression that begins in schools and is perpetuated into adulthood. Embracing all aspects of individuals builds an understanding of diverse populations rather than othering them. By making inclusion an aspect of teaching in all classrooms, nations will reap the rewards that accepting diverse viewpoints brings to global harmony.

Standardization and the Neglect of Museum Objects: An Infrastructure-Based Approach for Inclusive Integration of Cultural Artifacts

The paper examines the integration of born-digital and digitized content into an outdated classification system within the Museum of European Cultures in Berlin. It underscores the predicament encountered by smaller to medium-sized cultural institutions as they navigate between adhering to established knowl­edge management systems and preserving an expanding array of contemporary cultural artifacts. The perspective of infrastructure studies is employed to scrutinize the representation of diverse viewpoints and voices within the museum’s collections. The study delves into museum personnel’s challenges in cataloging and classifying ethnographic objects utilizing a numerical-alphabetical categorization scheme from the 1930s. It presents an analysis of the limitations inherent in this method, along with its implications for the assimilation of emerging forms of born-digital and digitized objects. Through an exploration of the case of category 74, as observed at the Museum of European Cultures, the study illustrates the complexities of replacing pre-existing systems due to their intricate integration into the socio-technical components of the museum’s information infrastructure. The paper reflects on how resource-constrained cultural institutions can take a proactive and ethical approach to knowl­edge management, re-evaluating their knowl­edge infrastructure to promote inclusion and ensure adaptability.

Operationalizing Cross-Cultural Research Design: Practical, Cost-Effective, and a Minimalistic Application of Cross-Cultural Research Design to Minimize Cultural Bias in Research and Reconcile Diverse Viewpoints

Operationalizing Cross-Cultural Research Design: Practical, Cost-Effective, and a Minimalistic Application of Cross-Cultural Research Design to Minimize Cultural Bias in Research and Reconcile Diverse Viewpoints

Editorial Commentary

Editorial Commentary

"You Could Speak the Truth with a Tongue of Fire": The Cultural and Political Work of Indigenous Periodicals

ABSTRACT: From the nineteenth century to the present, Indigenous periodicals have served as mediators for both complex citational practices and decolonial translations, as well as an important archive documenting and representing Indigenous people and issues. This special issue of the journal American Periodicals brings together scholars working on Indigenous periodicals to provide a glimpse into the vast array of Indigenous periodical writing as continuous repositories of Indigenous knowledge. The contributions highlighted in this special issue, emerging from an MLA roundtable session and a symposium on Indigenous print cultures, show that Indigenous periodicals serve as distinct material carriers of Indigenous information and visual-graphic spaces of communication, knowledge production, and community-building. They are complex media artifacts whose relation to the construction of sovereignty is articulated through periodicity, network, mediator, and archive. As special issue editors, we seek to broaden existing understandings of Indigenous textualities and interpretative traditions by offering a fresh approach to analyzing periodicals and the role they play in the expansion of Indigenous print, while also highlighting Indigenous periodicals' ongoing political and cultural work of sharing diverse viewpoints, expressing identity, establishing and participating in traditions, and asserting sovereignty.

Unlock the Art of People Analytics through Workforce Competency Management

Data application in organizations has shifted its focus to meeting the legal requirements of employment. This shift in data use gradually altered the dynamics of the Human Resource Management (HRM) role, and organizations now expect high-quality analysis from HR professionals. Various studies suggested that the use of Human Resource Analytics (HRA) would assist HR professionals in developing diverse viewpoints on their contribution to the financial targets of organizations through the creation of suitable measurements. Still, not many researchers have explored the role of HRA in increasing the business outcomes of Indian organizations. In this study, we analysed the role of HRA competencies in determining business outcomes as well as examined the gap existing in the expected and existing competencies of HR analysts in Indian organizations. Our in-depth literature review prepared a conceptual framework based on Capability Motivation and Opportunity (CMO) model. A quantitative methodology was adopted to gather the data as it integrates the components of HRA competency and measures their impact on business outcomes. A structured questionnaire was designed and distributed to 230 HR professionals, including HRA users as well as HR managers who work in different organizations in the city of Bengaluru. The data were analysed using various statistical tools and SPSS software. Overall, our study provides a significant depiction of the role of HRA in determining business outcomes, as well as the gap between the competencies demonstrated by HR analysts and the competency levels expected of them.

Abortion policies at the bedside: incorporating an ethical framework in the analysis and development of abortion legislation

About 6% of women in the world live in countries that ban all abortions, and 34% in countries that only allow abortion to preserve maternal life or health. In the...

Back to the future: Indigenous relationality, kincentricity and the North American Model of wildlife management

For more than a century, wildlife conservation in the United States has been built on the notion that nonhuman animal populations are resources to be regulated by law and managed efficiently, according to the best available science and in the public trust. This approach, known as the North American Model of Wildlife Management, has come under increasing criticism for excluding diverse viewpoints that have the potential to advance both conservation and environmental justice goals. How might the greater inclusion of Indigenous worldviews and Indigenous Studies concepts, such as radical relationality and kincentricity, improve western wildlife management? In this paper, we review three case studies of tribal wildlife stewardship programs in the land currently known as California—the Maidu Summit Consortium’s beaver restoration project, the Karuk Tribe’s elk management program, and the Yurok Tribe’s condor recovery effort—that illuminate generative connections among ecological restoration, Indigenous cultural practices, community wellbeing, and environmental justice. Radical relationality and kincentricity offer enormous potential for informing stewardship and recovery efforts that produce more just outcomes for both people and wildlife.

Values shift in response to social learning through deliberation about protected areas

Salient, long-term solutions to address global environmental change hinge on management strategies that are inclusive of local voices and that recognize the array of values held by surrounding communities. Group-based participatory processes that involve deliberation of multiple stakeholders with varying perspectives—particularly social learning—hold promise to advance inclusive conservation by identifying and creating a shared understanding of the landscape. However, few studies have empirically investigated how the value basis of stakeholder deliberation changes over time in relation to social learning. This study provided a novel platform for local stakeholders from Interior Alaska to deliberate on landscape change and associated management practices in ways that shifted their value orientations. In particular, we used a pre-test, post-test experimental design involving mixed methods to measure how different types of values changed as a result of social learning through an online discussion forum. We found evidence that social learning: 1) activated shared values that were previously hidden through building a relational understanding of others, and 2) shifted values that spanned three levels of psychological stability. As hypothesized, social values that represented expressed preferences for landscape change were most likely to shift in association with social learning. Conversely, shifts in individual values towards self-transcendence required learning to go beyond the discussion forum and be situated within the participants’ broader communities of practice. Overall, this longitudinal study highlights how social learning facilitated through deliberation presents opportunities to identify shared values and spark value shifts across stakeholder groups, thus incorporating diverse viewpoints into decision-making about global environmental change.

Iterative Online 3D Reconstruction from RGB Images

3D reconstruction is the computer vision task of reconstructing the 3D shape of an object from multiple 2D images. Most existing algorithms for this task are designed for offline settings, producing a single reconstruction from a batch of images taken from diverse viewpoints. Alongside reconstruction accuracy, additional considerations arise when 3D reconstructions are used in real-time processing pipelines for applications such as robot navigation or manipulation. In these cases, an accurate 3D reconstruction is already required while the data gathering is still in progress. In this paper, we demonstrate how existing batch-based reconstruction algorithms lead to suboptimal reconstruction quality when used for online, iterative 3D reconstruction and propose appropriate modifications to the existing Pix2Vox++ architecture. When additional viewpoints become available at a high rate, e.g., from a camera mounted on a drone, selecting the most informative viewpoints is important in order to mitigate long term memory loss and to reduce the computational footprint. We present qualitative and quantitative results on the optimal selection of viewpoints and show that state-of-the-art reconstruction quality is already obtained with elementary selection algorithms.

Can you hear me now? Tools for cultivating a culture of respect, value, and appreciation within pediatric hematology, oncology, and cellular therapy

The American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (ASPHO) conducted a workshop "Can you hear me now? Cultivating a culture of respect, value, and appreciation within pediatric hematology/oncology" at their annual meeting in May 2022 in hopes of exploring how the members can enhance wellness in a climate of increasing diversity. Initiatives in the past have focused on personal care, but it has been widely shown that administrative and institutional driven initiatives are essential to create an environment of wellness. In this interactive workshop, we discovered that 22% of participants felt their institution does not instill a culture of respect. We offered tools to the audience on multiple levels: graceful self-promotion, diversity and inclusion, and leadership perspective on creating a culture of respect to address the individual, local community, and top-down leadership approaches. Here, we offer a summary on the content of the workshop, and expand upon many of the discussion points that were raised during the workshop. We bring forth novel information on each topic individually from diverse points of view, specific to the field of pediatric hematology/oncology (PHO). We aim to highlight the importance of creating a diverse and respectful work environment in PHO in hopes of ensuring motivated, satisfied, and fulfilled healthcare providers who feel appreciated and valued.

The Project of Independence: Architectures of Decolonization in South Asia, 1947–1985

The Project of Independence: Architectures of Decolonization in South Asia, 1947–1985

Ethical Perspectives of Therapeutic Human Genome Editing From Multiple and Diverse Viewpoints: A Scoping Review.

Human genome editing has been increasingly explored to determine if it can be used to eradicate genetic diseases like sickle cell disease, but it has also been surrounded by a wide variety of ethical dilemmas.The purpose of this review was to conduct a scoping review of the ethics of therapeutic human genome editing in terms of philosophy, theology, public perspectives, and research ethics. A systemized search of PubMed, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, and Web of Science was conducted. The initial search resulted in 4,445 articles, and after removing 1,750 duplicates and screening the remaining 2,695 articles, 27 final articles were selected for the final analysis. From a philosophical and theological standpoint, therapeutic human genome editing was generally ethically acceptable. Worldwide public perspectives were also in agreement except for the Oceanic region, which disagreed mainly due to the possible effects on future generations. Lastly, human research ethics revealed that women were not always included in informed consent, and that child autonomy needs to be preserved. Further research is needed to determine adverse effects on the mother,fetus, and future generations.

The politics of “urban expertise”: shifting horizons for critical urban scholarship?

ABSTRACT Expertise and experts have been at the heart of the last few years of pandemic crisis. Yet, their role in urban governance is still a broadly uncharted territory. This special issue explores what a research agenda on the politics of urban expertise could look like. Presenting a mix of diverse geographical viewpoints on the challenges of expertise in cities, we argue for moving beyond a fruitful critique, to reflect more deeply on how critical urban scholarship can support progressive knowledge practices. In this introduction, we situate these contributions by discussing the emergence of an “industry” for urban expertise and the rise of “urban age” intellectuals over the past two decades. We highlight how contemporary global discourses on cities are reshaping how urban scholars engage with urban expertise politics, notably through a proliferation of partnerships with non-academic urban actors, aiming to set out possible avenues for future research.

The function of dialogues in «Aeneas and the lives of others» by Yuri Kosach

The paper analyses the functions of dialogues in the story «Aeneas and the Lives of Others» by Yuri Kosach. The analysis points out that the national identity becomes one of the central principles of existence for the heroes of the story. The author considers Cohesion and Coherence as a main principle of text organization. The structure of different dialogue models is investigated using several tactics: the variety of the structure of the question / answer, according to the language composition, in terms of vocabulary, morphology and syntax. Thus, this analysis provides important information about various functions of the dialogues, including that of characterizing the heroes, which creates the effect of presence for the reader. The study focuses on the chosen dialogues and the direct speech of characters as spokespersons of the author's quest for the merger of diverse points of view into a single idea with the discourse of the art.

Q-methodology to understand stakeholder discourses on bat conservation and management in view of the COVID-19 pandemic

Human-bat interactions are becoming more frequent with growing proximity between people and wildlife. As such, it is important to understand the perspectives of human stakeholders in these interactions, especially considering how media coverage of bats’ potential roles as the reservoirs of the ancestral virus to SARS-Cov2 has exacerbated negative perceptions of bats. We used Q-methodology to describe diverse viewpoints on bat conservation and management and identify areas of consensus among stakeholders in Singapore. We derived perspectives, problems, and priorities for bat conservation and management based on qualitative and quantitative analyses. The results reveal three distinct discourses. The ecocentric viewpoint advocates conserving bats for their intrinsic value. The anthropocentric viewpoint outright rejects the idea of conserving bats because of the perceived public-health threat that bats pose. The third discourse prioritizes educating citizens and enhancing general appreciation for biodiversity. All stakeholders agree on the need to reconsider COVID-19-related concerns about bats and address misconceptions that could hinder conservation. The top recommendation by stakeholders is to assess and improve bat-related attitudes and beliefs so that citizens become more supportive of conserving bats for their inherent value and roles in maintaining Singapore’s ecosystems. Considering both diverging and consensus viewpoints and engaging various stakeholders in conservation and management decisions can yield both attitudinal change and more effective solutions while meeting the ecological and social needs of conservation.