Distribution Network Construction Research Articles

Pipelining Appalachia: A perspective on the everyday lived experiences of rural communities at the frontline of energy distribution networks development

The transport of natural gas through transmission and distribution networks spans 2.4 million miles of underground and above ground pipelines in the USA. This Perspective uses a critical energy justice framework to analyze Appalachian's everyday lived experiences at the frontline of energy distribution network development. The practice of installing pipelines, as well as the sheer magnitude of the pipeline system, has transformed small rural communities into industrial sites. This Perspective also adds to the emerging concept of energy justice by bringing to the forefront Appalachian residents’ voices in relation to burgeoning pipeline constructions, which are often missing from the debate on energy independence. Energy justice is based on the principle that people should not only have safe and affordable energy, but they should be protected from disproportionate negative impacts associated with generating and transmitting energy as well. Our findings are that those who reside near pipelines express fear of explosions, leaks, and negative health outcomes and are disproportionately impacted. In addition, they are concerned about regulation, state responsibility, and threats of eminent domain. We highlight how these communities are socially affected, and how residents’ daily lives are altered in inequitable ways by the construction of energy distribution networks.

Design of transformer secondary voltage drop on-line monitoring system based on Internet of things

The “two sessions” of the company in 2019, the company’s chairman, Comrade Kou Wei, put forward the strategic goal of “three-type two networks, world-class”, making it clear that the 2021 will initially become a world-class Energy Internet company with Global Competitiveness It has also laid out key tasks in the distribution sector, including the strategy for vigorously fighting poverty through services and rural revitalization, making continuous efforts to improve the business environment for electricity generation, upgrading the construction of power distribution networks, and establishing standards and demonstration zones for power distribution networks. The company proposed the “1135” New Era Power Distribution Management Strategy: customer-centered, to improve power supply reliability as the main line, to strengthen standardized construction, lean operation and maintenance, intelligent management and control, we will endeavor to build a first-class modern distribution network with good structure, equipment, technology, management and service. By improving the distribution network’s ability of intelligent perception, data fusion and intelligent decision-making, a “clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient” intelligent distribution network energy system is constructed. The comprehensive error of electric energy measurement in distribution network is composed of voltage transformer error, current transformer error, watt-hour meter error and voltage drop of secondary circuit of voltage transformer. The measurement error caused by the voltage drop of the secondary circuit of the voltage transformer accounts for a large proportion of the total errors of electric energy measurement. Because the voltage drop is too large, causes the little electricity quantity as well as the generation and supply quantity imbalance, the line loss gives the negative number the example all to appear.

Management Evaluation of Distribution Network Based on Fuzzy Evaluation Matrix

Focused on automation management level of distribution network, an evaluation method based on fuzzy matrix is proposed in this paper. First, data extraction efficiency, data quality and automation ratio are selected as evaluation indicators. Then, by establishing an analytical model, each indicator is compared in pairs to construct a judgment matrix. And the consistency test of the matrix is done before the follow step. Next, through the experts’ scores of the influencing factors, fuzzy mathematics is used to make a comprehensive evaluation of the automation management evaluation indicators. Finally, according to the evaluation results, the automation management level of the distribution network is analysed. According to the above method, a certain urban area is taken as an example to obtain the quantitative index of the automation management level of the distribution network. It is of great significance to strengthen the distribution network construction with the cooperation management mode, so as to realize the comprehensive improvement of the distribution network management level.

Effectiveness evaluation method on construction of active distribution network based on public service value model

Evaluating the construction effectiveness of active distribution network is the key point of coordinated development of distribution network. At present, effectiveness evaluation on the distribution network in domestic only focuses on output performance while leaves out of consideration of utilization efficiency of investment. Therefore, this paper presents a kind of effectiveness evaluation method for construction and updating of the active distribution network based on public service value model which could make an overall evaluation in two dimensions of output performance and cost efficiency. The evaluation results are comprehensively analyzed on the four quadrant diagram, and the evaluation conclusions and suggestions are put forward according to the quadrant of the evaluation objects. Finally, it verifies this evaluation method is scientific, reasonable and feasible in guiding construction investment of the power grid by applying the method in evaluating construction effectiveness of distribution networks in some areas of Hubei Province in China.

Evaluation and Decision-Making Method of Power Distribution Network Projects Based on Weighting with Game Theory and Implicit Enumeration

Aiming at the problems of one-sided determination of index weight in the evaluation method of distribution network projects, and instability of project optimization results, a method of evaluation and decision-making of distribution network construction and renovation projects based on weighting with game theory and implicit enumeration is proposed. Firstly, the evaluation index system is constructed from two dimensions of technical efficiency and economic benefit. Secondly, the indicators are weighted by the weight set model based on game theory. After that, the decision optimization model is solved by the implicit enumeration method. The case study shows that the method is practical and effective, and can provide a scientific and reasonable reference for the construction and renovation projects investment of grid companies.

Optimization of Distribution Network Construction Based on GIS System

With the rapid development of China’s economy and science and technology, people’s daily life and scientific research work demand more and more electricity. The traditional distribution network structure and load can hardly meet the actual demand. Therefore, it is very necessary to construct a more stable distribution network system in accordance with the actual demand for electricity. This paper mainly introduces the application of GIS system in power distribution network planning and design, and realizes the optimization and upgrading of power distribution network in coordination with the geographic information of the construction site, so as to meet the increasing demand for electricity.

A Priority-Based Synchronous Phasor Transmission Protocol Extension Method for the Active Distribution Network

With the advancement of active distribution network construction, to solve the shortcomings of the existing distribution network technology in distribution network perception and control, the relevant technologies of the Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) in the transmission network have attracted more attention in terms of their usage in the distribution network. Micro Multifunction Phasor Measurement Unit (μMPMU), as an example, is being gradually utilized in the distribution network. However, the existing synchronous phasor transmission protocol is mainly designed for the transmission network, which requires an extension to meet the communication requirements to be directly used in the distribution network. In this work, the requirements of active distribution network communication are analyzed, and trade-offs between National Standard of the People’s Republic of China/Recommended (GB/T) 26865.2-2011 and International Electro technical Commission (IEC) 60870-5-101/104 protocol are compared. An extension method of the communication protocol is proposed, with the benefits of the prioritized transmission of important data, expanded remote control function of μMPMU, increased types of offline files, and reduced amount of network communication and data storage. The method is built upon the existing GB/T 26865.2-2011 protocol, and refers to the Application Service Data Unit (ASDU) of IEC 60870-5-101/104 to add an application extension frame. Application extension frames are used to transmit telemetry data, telesignalization, partial commands, and partial offline files. Finally, an experimental environment is set up, which includes a phasor measurement unit (PMU) Emulator, distribution network phasor data concentrator (PDC), and main station emulator to implement the standard GB/T 26865.2-2011 protocol and extension protocol. The feasibility and effectiveness of the method are confirmed by the superior performance of the extended protocol compared with the standard protocol.

A Cross-current Masonry Technology for River Pole and Rock Dam in Distribution Network Maintenance and Construction

Some areas of the distribution network involve the installation of line poles through seasonal ditches or channels. In the design of rock dam construction, the traditional method has great resistance to water, which reduces the service life of rock dam itself after the formation of severe scouring. In this paper, the masonry technology of rock dam is analyzed, and a kind of cross-current dam masonry technology is designed to reduce the impact of water flow, which solves the problem of rock dam damaged by the impact of water flow and extends the practical service life of rock dam greatly.

Modelling and simulation of AC–DC hybrid distribution network based on flexible DC interconnection

AC and DC hybrid distribution network detailed modelling and multi-operation conditions of the simulation analysis will effectively support the distribution network project reliable and stable operation. However, at present, large-scale system-level simulation of AC–DC hybrid distribution network based on flexible DC is the lack of timeliness and practicability. Based on the real-time digital simulation platform RT-LAB, ACDC distribution network model is established, which includes ±20 kV flexible DC interconnection system, distributed photovoltaic, wind power, energy storage system, electric vehicle and the corresponding converter control detailed modelling. In view of the limitation of the balance of energy storage system, the flexible DC interconnection is applied to active distribution network, which can provide power supply when the power gap occurs. The conditions of consumptive mode by the energy storage system, power supply through flexible DC interconnection from external power grid were simulated and analysed. The model verifies the validity of the system application in distribution network. This study provides preliminary design reference for active distribution network construction.

Stochastic Distribution Network Planning with Uncertain Renewable Energy Based on Credibility Assessment

Due to the uncertainty of renewable energy and complex construction of distribution network, the wind-solar power integrated distribution network is one of the most difficult optimization problems in operational planning of power system. This paper proposes a risk-based credibility assessment (RbCA) model for stochastic distribution network planning (SDNP) with wind-solar power penetration to obtain the optimal planning from the perspective of risk aversion. In the proposed model, the uncertain wind power and solar power are designed as credibility interval variables, and the operation risk of SDNP is measured by the credibility assessment of wind-solar power. In addition, in consideration that the SDNP is a constrained non-convex and multi-modal optimization problem, and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) is easily trapped into premature convergence in dealing with this kind of problems, a dynamic PSO with escaping prey (DPSOEP) has been developed to increase the diversity of the population and then obtain the optimal planning of distribution network. Simulation results obtained based on the modified IEEE 33 nodes distribution system show that the proposed model and algorithm are reasonable and effectiveness in dealing with the SDNP with uncertain wind-solar power penetration, considering the integration of various inequality and equality constraints.

Equipment Operation and Maintenance Management of Shanghai Power Distribution Network After Power System Reform

At present, China is in the process of reforming the electric power system. The reform of the power system has a significant impact on the investment and construction of power distribution network. Therefore it is indispensable to focus on fine management of the operation and maintenance of equipment.In this paper, the current situation of distribution network in China including Shanghai has been presented. Then, based on the influence of policy documents of power system reform, not only its impact on the operation and maintenance of the power grid enterprise and the distribution network equipment but also measures to enhance the economic benefit of distribution network has been discussed. Furthermore, by analyzing each equipment and the probability and severity of its defects according to the defect data in production management system (PMS), the methods of the whole life cycle cost (LCC) and the potential failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) have been applied to analyze the operation and maintenance of the distribution network from the two aspects of the economy and reliability. Finally, focus on acceptance as well as operation and maintenance management measures in the current distribution network has been put forward.

An Investment Decision Model of Distribution Network Planning Based on Correlation Mining of Reconstruction Measures and Loss Load Index

In recent years, how to build a reliable, high-efficient, high-tech and environmental-friendly distribution network infrastructure and service system, especially to accurately assess the reliability impact of various technical measures and establish optimal investment decision model for the future distribution network planning, has great theoretical and practical significance. However, the traditional analysis of investment decision model of distribution network is based on complex power flow calculation, which is not suitable for current construction of large and smart distribution network with multi-agent interaction under electrical market environment. Therefore, in this paper, based on the sample data, the correlation mining methods of the reconstruction measures and loss load index, such as neural network method, are applied to analyse the relationship between different types of reconstruction measures and loss load index. Based on the correlation mining methods, the relationship between the reconstruction measures and loss load index can be obtained and the value of loss load can be fast predicted. Through the comparison the relationship between reconstruction measures and loss load index, the optimal reconstruction measures can be chosen, and the data relationship based accurate investment decision model can be built. Experimental result shows the accuracy and effectiveness of the presented methodology.

A Multi-Stage Optimization Approach for Active Distribution Network Scheduling Considering Coordinated Electrical Vehicle Charging Strategy

The increasing integration of renewable resources and electric vehicles (EVs) presents new requirements for the construction of a current distribution network. As an alternative of conventional distribution network, active distribution network (ADN) has gained more interest for its flexibility and interactivity. However, the unpredictable behavior of ADN participants from source-side, network-side, and demand-side brings more challenges on ADN dispatch. Thus, it is urged to design an ADN optimal scheduling approach that can comprehensively regulate the ADN participants’ behavior. In this paper, an ADN performance assessment system is first established to provide a quantitative analysis on ADN’s scheduling in terms of active controllability, active manageability, and active economy, respectively. Then, according to the ADN assessment system, a multi-stage optimal scheduling approach for ADN considering coordinated EV charging strategy is proposed. It is able to not only smooth the fluctuations caused by the integration of intermittent power sources and EVs but also reconfigure the network topology. Therefore, this approach can be applied to day-ahead dispatches to help operators effectively manage the ADN. Simulation results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Optimal Placement of Distributed Generators with Regard to Reliability ‎Assessment using Virus Colony Search Algorithm

The integration of distributed generation (DG) resources is growing day by day in electricity grids. There are many reasons which persuade the operators to utilize DGs such as restrictions on the construction and development of transmission lines and distribution network, transition of traditional power systems to restructured electricity markets, the competitive conditions in wholesale and retail markets, the implication of economic and environmental issues in the production of electrical energy, increasing the system reliability and customer satisfactory level. The reliability improvement capability of power systems by utilization of these units has attracted the attention of many electrical engineering experts and power system planners and operators. Reliability plays a prominent role in the satisfaction of all power industry participants, especially the consumers of the electricity. In this paper, the effect of distributed generation units on the power system reliability has been investigated. Therefore, the virus colony search (VCS) algorithm is employed to determine the optimal placement and size of distributed generators subject to improve the reliability indices. The simulation is carried out on a 34-bus IEEE test network. The optimization results are also compared with the results of both genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, differential evolution (DE) algorithm, multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm, modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm (MSFLA), gravitational search algorithm (GSA), biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm, hybrid big bang-big crunch (HBB-BC) algorithm and glowworm swarm optimization (GSO) algorithm.

On Study of Construction of New Generation Intelligent Communication Network for Distribution System

many new technological means are integrated in the new network of smart electricity distribution including electric power technology, control technology and information technology, and in this area, people carry out profound research to the construction of communication network and power distribution network. This paper analyzes specific structures of the communication network for distribution system, discusses the development trend of it, explores its technical system in depth, and finally proposes some concrete constructive strategies, hoping to be a valuable reference for related research persons.

Integral Network Management: A Case Study of Bogotá and the Empresa de Acueducto, Alcantarillado y Aseo de Bogotá, EAB ESP

The mere construction of water distribution networks (WDNs) doesn’t necessarily guarantee the adequate provision of the service. Similarly, a growing demand for potable water cannot be solved by increasing the obtainment and production systems, and a system's lifespan doesn’t exclusively depend on the quality of its components, since a proper management and maintenance are required as well. This document describes the articulation of technical and operative actions that have been applied to Bogotá WDN with the hopes of (1) generating control tools that facilitate the system's administration and operation (2) maximizing the use of the system's components, and (3) optimizes the available water.

Low-Voltage Analysis of Distribution Network Software Design and Application

With the rapid development of urban economy, distribution network construction of city is lagging behind the increment of load, and low-voltage problem has become the main complaints of the power users. Based on Python [1] scripting language, this paper develops a piece of software which can provide a friendly human-machine experience for the user, calculate the voltage of the power distribution area and propose corresponding control measures, then the paper takes the actual power distribution area to verify its effectiveness.

Optimization of Distribution Network with Distributed Generation Based on an Improved Genetic Algorithm

The system of distribution network with distributed generation is analyzed, and dynamic optimization based on an improved genetic algorithm is presented in this paper. First, the mathematical model of distribution network can be established by using constraints and objective function, which contains the network loss, the DGs investment and reliability of power supply. Then, according the construction of distribution network, this paper presents a design of improved genetic algorithm. Finally, IEEE 14 nodes system is adopted to realize the design of the algorithm.

The Influences of Fast Switching Series Compensation for Distance Protection

This paper describes the technical principles of series compensation, and introduces the series compensation device structure, and finally got through simulation effects of rapid switching Series Compensation for distribution network distance protection. Distribution network is an important network connections and power grid users, from the distribution of electric energy in the power system, the strength of its transmission capacity directly determines the power user power quality is good or bad. However, since the electricity distribution network of long-term failure to get the attention of practitioners, its construction and the relatively slow pace of reconstruction, the aging serious, increasingly unable to meet the annual growth of electricity demand.The main problem with the presence of the grid are:Distribution network construction is lagging behind, power transmission grid capacity is insufficient. Network structure is irrational, power supply radius is too long, circuitous route power line terminal voltage is too low. Part serious aging distribution equipment and lines, the line number is small, backward technology, serious power loss. Reactive power shortage, power grid is not economical and low power quality. Therefore, how to improve the status of the distribution network has become the focus of power workers

Research on Energy Management Platform Based on Marketing and Distribution Integrated System

Marketing and Distribution Integrated System is the use of modern information technology, on the basis of a unified enterprise network equipment and customer information model, basic information and topological relationship, used in customer-facing supply reliability management, customer outage management, line loss of four sub-management, business expanding auxiliary field and distribution network construction planning decisions such as the standardization of GIS-based, integrated enterprise-wide information platform. This paper describes a GIS-based business integration system with the main content and functionality, energy efficiency management system to achieve a variety of integrated business systems and energy efficiency management decision-making system that can effectively address the development of enterprise information supply information silos that exist , huge amounts of data and processes curing problems with the integration of power supply enterprise business planning and construction of information systems provide a useful reference.