Distinct Solutions Research Articles

Multi-solution inverse design in photonics using generative modeling

The lack of uniqueness poses a common challenge in the inverse design of nanophotonic structures. This issue arises from the presence of multiple sets of design parameters that yield identical output configurations. Several existing machine learning methods offer promising solutions for enabling flexibility in selecting sets of design variables. However, these approaches still face significant challenges like limited output diversity, and training instability. These issues constrain the variety of solutions attainable for a particular target response. To overcome these challenges in the realm of multi-solution inverse design problems in nanophotonics, we have developed a GA-βCVAE architecture based on generative models. This approach effectively tackles such problems, thereby expanding the range of distinct solutions achievable in nanophotonics. Our approach combines a genetic algorithm with a β conditional variational autoencoder neural network based generative model, capturing multiple distinct solutions for a given target. It provides flexibility in selecting design variables. We successfully applied it to design TiO2-SiO2 based multilayer thin films in the visible range (400–750 nm), with layer thickness as the design variable. Experimental verification confirmed the effectiveness of our proposed architecture.

Distinct optical soliton solutions to the fractional Hirota Maccari system through two separate strategies

The real-world phenomena are characterized with the assistance of nonlinear evolution equations. The present study explores interesting and effective appropriate solitary wave solutions of Hirota Maccari system (HMs) in the sense of beta fractional derivative. This nonlinear model is popular for its significant role in explaining the phenomena relating to plasma physics, optical fibers, and marine engineering. The solitons arise in the mentioned model state how the waves maintain amplitude and shape during the propagation in fiber which is important for long distance data transmission and fiber optic technology. We impose the improved auxiliary equation and improved tanh approaches on the suggested model and accumulate numerous wave solutions in a successful manner. The well-furnished solutions are characterized through graphical representations in 3D, 2D and contour profiles to illustrate the dynamic nature of nonlinear optical solitons. The effects of the wave phase are brought out with the assistance of multiple 2D outlines. A variety of solitons are noticed alongside peakon, kink, anti-kink, singular kink, cuspon, singular bell, anti-bell, bell, periodic and compacton etc. N-shape soliton and M-shape soliton are also constructed in this study. A comparison view of the achieved solutions with the existing results of literature is drawn for highlighting the novelty and diversity of the present entire work. The achieved optical solitons alongside other solutions might be significant to analyze the nonlinear phenomena in signal processing and optic fiber communication.

Generalized sequential state equation method for moving subsystem-induced structural parametric resonance

Parametric excitation is a unique type of excitation that arises from the time-varying parameters of a dynamical system, typically induced by the periodic movements of the system components. However, the structure-moving subsystems problem creates a new type of parametric excitation where the subsystems do not have exact periodic movements. Under the circumstances, dimension of the mathematical model of such a system exhibits time dependency, which prohibits the employment of conventional analytical methods to predict its stability. In this paper, we propose a novel Generalized Sequential State Equation Method that provides a distinct solution framework for analysis of the subsystem-induced parametric resonance. With the time-domain system partition and state mapping, the proposed method reconfigures the coupled system with a sequence of state space equations and solves them chronologically. The proposed method relaxes the single-subsystem-assumption in its original form and applies to a general scenario where the subsystems travel with arbitrary characteristic period. With the proposed method, occurrences of the subsystem-induced parametric resonance are precisely predicted via a set of analytical stability criteria and the steady state response is determined in an exact analytical form.

Entropy optimization and stability analysis in flow of quadratic radiative Ag−MgO/water hybrid micropolar nanofluid over an exponentially contracting permeable Riga surface

ABSTRACT Driven by the significant thermal relevance of low-conductivity electrically active fluids and their impact on controlling flows across multiple industrial and engineering domains, this study aims to thoroughly investigate the primary behavior of electro-magneto-non-Newtonian micropolar A g − M g O / H 2 O hybridized nanofluid, specifically focusing on its flow dynamics and heat transfer characteristics over an exponentially contracting porous Riga surface. The Riga surface, an exceptional electromagnetic sensor surface, holds potential applications in micro-coolers, submarines, and nuclear reactor heat management systems. These findings hold significant relevance due to the prevalent use of micropolar hybridized nanofluids in cooling minute electronic components such as microchips and associated equipment. Our innovative objective is to emphasize the influence of an electromagnetic Riga plate in conjunction with micropolar characteristics, quadratic thermal radiant energy, convective conditions, and velocity slip at the boundary on various key parameters. These parameters include the coefficient of shear stress, coefficient of couple-stress, heat transfer factor (Nusselt number), entropy generation, velocity distribution, micro-rotation or angular velocity, and temperature profiles. We successfully tackled the highly intricate coupled partial differential equations by employing numerical techniques within the MATLAB programming platform. Specifically, we utilized a fourth-order method known as bvp4c to address the challenging boundary value problem. The outcomes revealed the existence of dual solutions characterized by a stable upper solution branch and an unstable lower solution branch within the region of the contracting sheet. Notably, this observation occurred under specific conditions related to the mass suction parameter. The identification of critical values in cases with dual solutions prompted a subsequent stability analysis to discern the nature and characteristics of these solutions. Two distinct solutions have been identified for λ S < λ , reaching termination at λ = λ S within the contracting region. Notably, the first solution yields a positive minimum eigenvalue ( β 1 > 0 ), indicating its stability, while the second solution results in a nonpositive eigenvalue ( β 1 < 0 ), implying instability. Graphical representations illustrate a substantial enhancement in nanofluid temperature for both solution branches, notably influenced by the quadratic thermal radiating parameter, Eckert number, and Biot number. Moreover, the magnetic interaction number and velocity slip parameter notably affect nanofluid motion within the first solution branch. Interestingly, it has been observed that the shear stress and couple stress coefficients exhibit an upward trend with increasing suction value. However, the heat transfer factor (Nusselt number) might decrease in the case of a stable solution. This research direction aims to optimize nanofluid compositions, aiming to minimize entropy generation while maximizing desired thermal properties. Such endeavors are crucial steps towards fostering more efficient and sustainable industrial practices, aligning with the overarching objectives of enhancing energy utilization and promoting industrial growth.

Composition‐Reinforced Polydopamine Nanoenzyme for Improved Impairment of Prostatitis‐Damaged Sexual Behavior and Enhanced Anti‐Prostate Cancer

AbstractInflammation is pivotal in the pathogenesis and progression of the most challenging diseases and even cancer. Nanomedicine‐based strategy can be referred as a distinct solution to this complicated clinical obstacle by proposing an elaborated combination of effective therapeutic performances on inflammation and cancer. Herein, 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl doped polydopamine nanoparticles, termed as TPDA NPs, with the significantly improved reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RO/NSs) scavenging performance and enhanced photothermal efficiency are designed and synthesized by constructing donor‐acceptor pairs, for prostate diseases treatment including anti‐inflammation and anti‐tumor. Benefiting from mimicking multi‐natural enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase, TPDA NPs can inhibit the NF‐κB signaling pathways by downregulating the CD36 expression for the treatment of oxidative stress‐induced prostatitis. Especially, TPDA NPs can improve the prostatitis‐associated impairment of sexual behavior. By virtue of the enhanced photothermal‐conversion efficiency, TPDA NPs ablate prostate cancer and simultaneously decrease inflammatory reaction. Therefore, this work provides a “three birds with one shot” paradigm to utilize rationally designed TPDA NPs for efficient management of prostate diseases.

Aspects of Non-unique Solutions for Hiemenz Flow Filled with Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid over a Stretching/Shrinking Sheet

This study is carried out to scrutinize the Hiemenz flow for ternary hybrid nanofluid flow across a stretching/shrinking sheet. This study aims to inspect the impacts of variations in the stretching/shrinking parameter and the volume fraction of nanoparticles on key aspects of the ternary hybrid nanofluid flow, specifically the skin friction, Nusselt number (which relates to heat transfer), velocity profiles, and the temperature profiles. The flow equations transform into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using a similarity transformation. Subsequently, the system is numerically solved using the MATLAB software’s 4th-order accuracy boundary value problem solver, known as “bvp4c”. Numeric findings reveal that skin friction values exhibit variations based on the magnitude of the stretching/shrinking parameter. Moreover, in the specific context of the flow problem being studied, the heat conduction efficiency of the hybrid (ternary) nanofluid surpasses that of the hybrid nanofluid. The system yields two distinct solutions within a specific shrinking/stretching parameter interval. Through an examination of the temporal stability of the solutions, it was determined that only one remained stable over an extended period. Remember that these current findings hold solely for the combination of copper, alumina, and titania.

New dynamical analysis of the exact traveling wave solutions to a (3+1)-dimensional Gardner-KP equation by three efficient architecture

In this research article, the (3 + 1) dimensional nonlinear Gardner- Kadomtsov–Petviashvili (Gardner-KP) equation, demonstrating the nonlinear modulation of periodic waves, has been analyzed using G′G, G′G2, and the generalized improved G′G methods and a large number of traveling wave solutions have been generated. These solutions exhibit structures with physical properties of hyperbolic, trigonometric, and rational solution types. Numerical simulations were performed for the obtained solutions at different values of the parameters. The stability property of the obtained solutions was tested to demonstrate their reliability. Our novelty in this study lies in obtaining distinct and enriched solutions compared to existing literature, conducting a comparative analysis of three methods, and investigating the stability property of solutions for the Gardner-KP equation, which has not been explored in the existing literature.

Optimization for nutritional fortification of wheat–millet composite flour mixture by response surface methodology

This study intends to optimize the production and evaluation of the nutritional quality of composite flour comprising wheat and millet. The experimental design for the composite flour was laid down using the I-optimal mixture design of response surface methodology (RSM). With an extensive literature survey, wheat, finger millet, barnyard millet, and foxtail millet were selected to understand the health benefits of wheat flour. A total of 24 flour blends were prepared by incorporating wheat flour (40–85%), finger millet flour (5–20%), barnyard millet flour (5–20%), and foxtail millet (5–20%) as independent variables; however, the responses were protein, antinutrient (Tannin), and antioxidants (1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl). The statistical and numerical optimization technique of RSM was used to optimize multiple responses simultaneously. After optimization, eight distinct solutions were obtained using the software. Out of the eight solutions, the best optimum level of fortified mixture was selected and wheat (51.09%), finger millet (20%), barnyard millet (8.91%), and foxtail millet (20%) with protein content (23.19 mg g–1), antinutrient content (9.07 mg g–1), and antioxidant activity (61.52%), along with the highest desirability (0.845), were found to be the best. The optimized mixed flour obtained from wheat and millet blends had superior nutritional properties, making it an appropriate choice for consumers with dietary requirements, particularly those allergic to gluten. Furthermore, the optimized wheat–millet flour is suitable for large-scale production and can be used to improve consumers’ nutrient delivery and protein requirements. The study optimized composite flour through mixture design application and highlighted the applicability of RSM in the food industry. The outcome indicates that fortified flour finds its applicability in the food industry, particularly for products such as biscuits, noodles, pasta, and other bakery items.

Reactivity of quasi-free electrons toward N3- and its impact on H2 formation mechanism in water radiolysis.

Picosecond pulse radiolysis measurements were employed to assess the effectiveness of N3- in scavenging quasi-free electrons in aqueous solutions. The absorption spectra of hydrated electrons were recorded within a 100 ps timeframe across four distinct solutions with N3- concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 M in water. The results revealed a concentration-dependent shift in the maximum absorption spectra of fully solvated electrons. Notably, at 5 M concentration, the maximum absorption occurred at 670 nm, in contrast to 715 nm observed for water. Intriguingly, the formation yield of hydrated electrons within the initial 5 ps electron pulse remained unaffected, showing that, even at a concentration of 5 M, N3- does not effectively scavenge quasi-free electrons. This is in disagreement with conclusions from stochastic models found in the literature. This observation has an important impact on understanding the mechanism of H2 formation in water radiolysis, which we discuss briefly here.

A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON THE NONLINEAR DATE–JIMBO–KASHIWARA–MIWA EQUATION IN FRACTAL MEDIA

In this paper, we first created a fractal Date–Jimbo–Kashiwara–Miwa (FDJKM) long ripple wave model in a non-smooth boundary or microgravity space recorded. Using fractal semi-inverse skill (FSIS) and fractal traveling wave transformation (FTWT), the fractal variational principle (FVP) was derived, and the strong minimum necessary circumstance was attested with the He Wierstrass function. We have discovered two distinct solitary wave solutions, the square form of the hyperbolic secant function and the hyperbolic secant function form. Then, soliton solutions are cultivated through FVP and the minimum steady state condition. Finally, the influences of non-smooth boundaries on solitons were tackled, and the properties of the solution were demonstrated through three-dimensional contour lines. Fractal dimension can impact waveforms, but cannot affect their vertex values. The presentation of soliton solutions (SWS) using techniques is not only laudable but also noteworthy. The technique employed can also be used to investigate solitary wave solutions of other local fractional calculus partial differential equations.

Linking Dynamic Water Storage and Subsurface Geochemical Structure Using High‐Frequency Concentration‐Discharge Records

AbstractShifts in water fluxes and chemical heterogeneity through catchments combine to dictate stream solute export from the Critical Zone. The ways in which these factors emerge in resultant concentration‐discharge (C‐Q) relationships remain obscure, particularly at the timescale of individual precipitation and discharge events. Here we take advantage of a new high‐frequency, multi‐element and multi‐event stream C‐Q data set. The stream solute concentrations of seven major ions were recorded every 40 min over five flood events spanning one hydrologic year in a French agricultural watershed (Orgeval) using a lab‐in‐the‐field deployment we refer to as a “River Lab.” We focus attention on the recession periods of these events to consider how geochemical heterogeneity within the catchment translates into dynamic stream solute concentrations during shifts in water storage. We first show that for C‐Q relationships resulting from data acquisition over multiple flood events, lumping all trends together can lead to biases in characteristic C‐Q parameters. We then reframe C‐Q relationships using a simple recession curve analysis to consider how hydrological processes produce chemical mixing of distinct solute pools immediately following discharge events. We find three distinct classes of behavior among the major solutes, none of which can be interpreted based on water storage changes alone. The shape of C‐Q relationships for each solute can then be related to their vertical zonation in the subsurface of Orgeval, and to the capacity for subcomponents of these distributions to be readily mobilized during a discharge event.

The existence of multiple topologically distinct solutions to $\sigma_{2,p}$-energy

Let ${\An} \subset \R^n$ be a bounded Lipschitz domain and consider the $\sigmap$-energy functional \begin{equation*} {{\mathbb F}_{\sigmap}}[u; {\An}] := \int_{\An} \big|{\wedge}^2 \nabla u\big|^p dx, \end{equation*} with $p\in\mathopen]1, \infty]$ over the space of measure preserving maps \begin{equation*} {\mathcal A}_p(\An) =\big\{u \in W^{1,2p}\big(\An, \R^n\big) : u|_{\partial \An} = {x},\ \det \nabla u =1 \mbox{ for ${\mathcal L}^n$-a.e.\ in $\An$} \big\}. \end{equation*} In this article we address the question of multiplicity {\it versus} uniqueness for {\it extremals} and {\it strong} local minimizers of the $\sigmap$-energy funcional $\mathbb F_{\sigmap}[\cdot; {\An}]$ in ${\mathcal A}_p({\An})$. We use a topological class of maps referred to as {\it generalised} twists and examine them in connection with the Euler-Lagrange equations associated with $\sigmap$-energy functional over ${\mathcal A}_p({\An})$. Most notably, we prove the existence of a countably infinite of topologically distinct twisting solutions to the later system in all {\it even} dimensions by linking the system to a set of nonlinear isotropic ODEs on the Lie group ${\rm SO}(n)$. In sharp contrast in {\it odd} dimensions the only solution is the map $u\equiv x$. The result relies on a careful analysis of the {\it full} versus the {\it restricted} Euler-Lagrange equations. Indeed, an analysis of curl-free vector fields generated by symmetric matrix fields plays a pivotal role.

Multiplicity results for nonhomogenous elliptic equation involving the generalized Paneitz-Branson operator

"Let (M, g) be a compact Riemannian manifold of dimension n ≥ 3 without boundary ∂M, we consider the multiplicity result of solutions of the following nonhomogenous fourth order elliptic equation involving the generalized Paneitz-Branson operator, Pg (u) = f (x) |u|2 −2 u + h(x). Under some conditions and using critical points theory, we prove the existence of two distinct solutions of the above equation. At the end, we give a geometric example when the equation has negative and positive solutions. Keywords: Riemannian manifold, multiplicity result, nonhomogeneous, Paneitz-Branson operator, critical points theory."

Generation Expansion Planning considering environmental impact and sustainable development for an Indian state using the LEAP platform

GEP (Generation Expansion Planning) is one of the most complex tasks in which planning is done to find the best possible distinct solutions to install new generating units to meet future load demands. This paper uses the Low Emission Analysis Platform (LEAP) software environment to analyse the GEP for the AP Power sector from 2021 to 2050. In recent years, the AP power sector has faced several issues, such as frequent service cuts due to power shortages. In this paper, five scenarios such as Business As Usual (BAU), Low Demand Growth (LDG), High Demand Growth (HDG), Least Cost Optimization (LCO) and Climate Mitigation Scenarios, have been analysed with environmental, technical, and economic parameters. This study has estimated the total environmental emissions and total cost of all scenarios. At present, Andhra Pradesh has a total installed capacity of 25.4 GW. The best scenarios can be selected based on environmental impact, cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and reliability. The results show that the LDG scenario will be an optimal choice for AP due to the state's economic crisis, and the government should also focus on energy conservation and limit demand growth to 4.5%. While presenting a general GEP, the study presents comprehensive system performance scenarios from which planners can choose.

Neutrosophic genetic algorithm and its application in clustering analysis of rock discontinuity sets

This paper presents the neutrosophic genetic algorithm (NGA) to address the research gap in the application of neutrosophic theory in conjunction with genetic algorithms. NGA introduces three distinct solution spaces—truth, falsity, and indeterminacy—enabling it to entirely encompass neutrosophic solution spaces in the operational process. Fine-tuning in the true solution space (TSS), adaptive regeneration in the false solution space (FSS), and modified crossover and mutation operations in the indeterminate solution space (ISS) enhance NGA ability to navigate away from local optima while reducing computational complexity. Evaluation against several prior algorithms based on the CEC2017 test suites demonstrates the superior performance of NGA, achieving the highest overall score of 92.11% in various problems and conditions. Sensitivity analysis of NGA parameters provides significant insights into algorithm performance variations, emphasizing the substantial impact of these parameters on the NGA’s performance. The application of NGA to optimize the K-means method for clustering analysis of rock discontinuity sets showcases its efficiency and potential for practical applications in related fields, highlighting its advantages over other methods. This research establishes NGA as an innovative and efficient approach to address imprecision, incompleteness, and uncertainty in practical data scenarios, with significant implications for future development and applications.

Leveraging decision diagrams to solve two-stage stochastic programs with binary recourse and logical linking constraints

We generalize an existing binary decision diagram-based (BDD-based) approach of Lozano and Smith (MP, 2022) to solve a special class of two-stage stochastic programs (2SPs) with binary recourse, where the first-stage decisions impact the second-stage constraints. First, we extend the second-stage problem to a more general setting where logical expressions of the first-stage solutions enforce constraints in the second stage. Then, as our primary contribution, we introduce a complementary problem, that appears more naturally for many of the same applications of the former approach, and a distinct BDD-based solution method, that is more efficient than the existing BDD-based approach on commonly applicable problem classes. In the novel problem, second-stage costs, rather than constraints, are impacted by expressions of the first-stage decisions. In both settings, we convexify the second-stage problems using BDDs and parameterize either the BDD arc costs or capacities with first-stage solutions. We extend this work by incorporating conditional value-at-risk and propose the first decomposition method for 2SP with binary recourse and a risk measure. We apply these methods to a novel stochastic problem, namely stochastic minimum dominating set problem, and present numerical results to support their effectiveness.

Exploring the Role of Calcium in the Physiology of Tulipa: A Comparative Study across Different Cultivars

Cut tulip flower production, typically cultivated using hydroponic systems, often faces the challenge of stem toppling due to calcium (Ca) deficiency in the nutrient solution. Growers generally grow various tulip cultivars to meet market demands. In hydroponic production, plants require precise nutrient concentrations to promote growth and development, as the food reserves in the mother bulb are insufficient and vary depending on the plant cultivar. This study aimed to assess the impact of different tulip cultivars and Ca deficiency on tulip growth, flowering, and physiological changes. Two cultivars of tulip, namely, ‘Strong Gold’ and ‘Orange Juice’, were subjected to three distinct nutrient solution treatments, namely (1) deionized water (DI) only (without any plant nutrition added), (2) complete solution (Hoagland’s complete nutrient solution), and (3) Ca deficiency solution. The results indicate that the ‘Orange Juice’ tulip was particularly susceptible to Ca deficiency, exhibiting stem toppling and flower abortion similar to those grown in DI. Ca deficiency led to a reduction in root length and leaf area but did not affect the plant height. Additionally, it had a negative impact on bulb qualities, resulting in a decreased bulb fresh weight and bulb circumference in both tulip cultivars. Furthermore, Ca deficiency and DI reduced the photosynthetic rates, and Ca deficiency increased the transpiration rate in the tulip. The leaf concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and Ca were decreased under Ca deficiency and DI, while magnesium (Mg) levels increased under Ca deficiency treatment compared to the complete nutrient solution treatment.

Flexibility of differentiation procedures in calculus

Calculus is perhaps the most widely taught and researched upper-secondary/post-secondary mathematics subject the world over. The research literature is amassing greater clarity around students’ understandings of calculus, yet calculus instruction tends to be at odds with this literature, maintaining a focus on procedural aspects of the subject. This current work explores one central procedural topic, differentiation, through the broader lens of procedural flexibility. Both students and experts calculated the derivatives to a collection of functions in multiple ways, selected their preferred method and commented on their preference. Many students demonstrated a knowledge of multiple procedures and an ability to select appropriate solutions. Experts produced a greater number of distinct solution methods, including some not found among the student responses. The primary impact of this paper is a more nuanced understanding of ‘flexibility’ as a construct, buttressed by contrasting student and expert data, especially as it concerns procedures in higher-level mathematics. These results are expected to contribute to a bridge between the research on and practice of calculus instruction.

Concentration effect on the chain structure and photoelectric properties of conjugated polymer precursor solutions and thin films: A mini review

AbstractConjugated polymers have attracted extensive attention in numerous research fields because of their exceptional photoelectric properties and distinctive solution processing capabilities. The conformation of the chain and the structure of the condensed state in solution are closely related to various factors, such as concentration and solvent. Concentration, as a significant external parameter, plays a crucial role in the self‐assembly and formation of crystalline structures in conjugated polymers. It also affects the properties of the solution, the structure of the membrane, and the performance of the fabricated devices. Recently, there have been an increasing number of studies conducted from the perspective of solution concentration. Therefore, it is important to comprehensively summarize the effect of concentration on the transition process of chain structure from solution to film, as well as the impact of concentration on the performance of related devices. In this review, we summarize the effects of concentration on the chain motion, particle size, ordered structure, and photoelectric properties of conjugated polymers in solutions and thin films, as well as on device efficiency. This provides a unique perspective on the fundamental characteristics of conjugated polymers, which can assist in the development and improvement of optoelectronic devices.

Geophysical monitoring of the groundwater resources in the Southern Arabian Peninsula using satellite gravity data

In recent decades, geophysical and remote sensing monitoring techniques have advanced to the point where they can be utilized. It is possible to investigate the spatiotemporal mass fluctuations induced by groundwater changes over the Southern Arabian Peninsula (SAP) by combining time-variable gravity data with land surface model outputs and rainfall data. Here are the findings: The average annual precipitation rates for the whole study region were 91.11, 87.6, and 96.61 mm yr−1 during the entire period (2002–2021), period before 2013, and period after 2012, respectively. The southern and eastern parts (Zone I) of the investigated region show modest rainfall rates of 109.6, 105, and 117 mm yr−1 during the whole period, period before 2013, and period after 2012, respectively. The Rub El Khali region (Zone II) is receiving lower precipitation rates of 54.6, 53.3, and 56.5 mm yr−1 throughout the whole period, period before 2013, and period after 2012, respectively. Based on the three distinct gravity solutions, the average Terrestrial Water Storage (ΔTWS) values are computed through the entire period to be − 0.21 ± 0.011, − 0.15 ± 0.013, and − 0.32 ± 0.0107 cm yr−1 for the whole study region, Zone of the southern and eastern regions, and Zone of Rub El Khali, respectively. The whole study region, Zone of the southern and eastern parts, and Zone of Rub El Khali are showing highly negative ΔTWS in the period before 2013, in comparison to slightly negative to slightly positive ΔTWS trends in period after 2012. The average annual change in groundwater storage for the entire study area was calculated at − 0.21 ± 0.011, − 0.29 ± 0.024, and − 0.091 ± 0.038 cm yr−1 throughout the investigated period, period before 2013, and period after 2012, respectively. Zone of Rub El Khali is showing higher negative groundwater storage trend (ΔGWS) averaged at − 0.32 ± 0.104 cm yr−1 throughout the investigated period, whereas Zone of southern and eastern regions is showing lower negative groundwater storage trend of − 0.15 ± 0.013 cm yr−1. Most of the recharge rate occurs in Zone of the southern and eastern regions reaching up to + 0.77 ± 0.092 cm yr−1 by taking the average groundwater withdrawal rate of + 0.92 ± 0.092 cm yr−1 during the whole period. This integrated approach is a valuable and economical method for more effectively assessing the variations of groundwater resources across wide areas.