Distillation Residue Research Articles

Study on safe disposal of cephalosporins based on kinetic pyrolysis mechanism

Abstract Based on the global goals for cleaner production and sustainable development, the pyrolysis behavior of cephalosporin residues was studied by TG-MS method. The influence of full temperature window on the safe disposal of residues was analyzed based on the “3-2-2” and “1+1” of thermal analysis kinetics, and the gas by-products of thermal degradation were monitored. Results showed that the pyrolysis of distillation residues were divided into low and high-temperature zones, including six stages. Maximum error rate (8.55%) by multiple scan rate was presented based on “3-2-2” pattern and maximum total fluctuation (33.7) by single scan rate was presented based on “1+1” pattern, which implied that the comprehensive multi-level comparison method was very reliable. The E value “E” of six stages showed an increasing trend ranging 166.8 to 872.8 kJ/mol. LgA (mean) was 27.28. Most mechanism function of stage 1, 2 were Z-L-T equation (3D), stage 3, 4, 6 were Avrami-Erofeev equation (AE3, AE4, AE2/3) and stage 5 was Reaction Order (O2). In addition, various small molecular micromolecule substances were detected such as C2H4O, C2H6, NH3, CH4, CO2 under full temperature windows and a possible pyrolysis path of residues was provided.

Distribution of Rare Elements in Distillation Processing of Polymetallic Matte

The results of studies on the distribution of rare elements among the products of distillation processing of polymetallic mattes are present in this article. Schemes of the developed technological equipment for the implementation of the extraction processes of rare elements via the vacuum distillation of mattes are presented. Technological tests were performed with a matte of lead, copper, and antimony plants at 1100–1250 °C and a pressure of up to 700 Pa. It was established that As, Cd, Bi, In, and Ge, by more than 90% in total, are extracted into condensate and dust in the distillation process of volatile components from mattes of lead production. At the same time, antimony is distributed between the distillate residue and condensate. Antimony by 90.47%, arsenic by 78.83% and cadmium by 98.72% are distributed into sulfide condensate and dust in the distillation of copper production matte. From the matte of the antimony plant, Sb and Bi (90.76% and 89.78%, respectively) are transferred into the condensate and cyclone dust. Arsenic is distributed between the liquid and vapor phases. Based on calculations, Se and Te will be mainly concentrated in the distillation residue. High-grade copper mattes obtained in processing mattes from lead and copper plants can be further used to obtain metallic copper by converting. The condensate and dust can be processed separately or with the dust of the mainline production for rare metal extraction. Antimony matte processing condensate containing more than 70% Sb can be directed to the process of crude antimony refining.

Identification of Anti-Neuroinflammatory Bioactive Compounds in Essential Oils and Aqueous Distillation Residues Obtained from Commercial Varieties of Cannabis sativa L.

Neuroinflammation, which is mainly triggered by microglia, is a key contributor to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Natural products, and in particular Cannabis sativa L., due to its richness in phytochemical components, represent ideal candidates to counteract neuroinflammation. We previously characterized different C. sativa commercial varieties which showed significantly different chemical profiles. On these bases, the aim of this study was to evaluate essential oils and aqueous distillation residues from the inflorescences of three different hemp varieties for their anti-neuroinflammatory activity in BV-2 microglial cells. Cells were pretreated with aqueous residues or essential oils and then activated with LPS. Unlike essential oils, aqueous residues showed negligible effects in terms of anti-inflammatory activity. Among the essential oils, the one obtained from ‘Gorilla Glue’ was the most effective in inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators and in upregulating anti-inflammatory ones through the modulation of the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Moreover, the sesquiterpenes (E)-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and caryophyllene oxide were identified as the main contributors to the essential oils’ anti-inflammatory activity. To our knowledge, the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of α-humulene has not been previously described. In conclusion, our work shows that C. sativa essential oils characterized by high levels of sesquiterpenes can be promising candidates in the prevention/counteraction of neuroinflammation.

Correlation Dependence between Hydrophobicity of Modified Bitumen and Water Saturation of Asphalt Concrete

Improving the durability of asphalt concrete road surfaces by increasing their moisture resistance is an urgent task. Modified bituminous binders should be compacted into coatings with the lowest possible water saturation. The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of modifiers on the hydrophobicity of bituminous films in order to achieve minimum water saturation and to build a mathematical model of the wetting process with water. As modifiers, we used a product of amination of distillation residues of petrochemistry, waste sealing liquid (a solution of high molecular weight polyisobutylene in mineral oil), and a condensation product of polyamines and higher fatty acids. The water-repellent effect of modifiers was studied by measuring the contact angle of bituminous film with a water drop. The water saturation of asphalt concrete samples was determined by the amount of water absorbed by asphalt concrete at 20 °C. A close correlation was revealed between the hydrophobicity of modified bitumen and the water saturation of asphalt concrete. Generalized equations and a graphical representation of a function of several variables allowed for optimizing compositions by the content of modifiers to achieve the required performance properties of asphalt concrete coatings.

Insights into co-pyrolytic behavior, emission, kinetics, synergy of bio-oil distillation residue and waxy product via TG-FTIR-MS

The technology pathways are maturing in the treatment of carbonaceous solid waste, however, there will inevitably be low value by-products downstream, which requires fine management. Herein, bio-oil distillation residue (DR) and waxy product (WP) as by-products contained considerable energy and chemical composition, and their similar thermogravimetric properties enable efficient synergy during co-pyrolysis. The emission decomposition kinetics, thermodynamics and synergy of DR co-pyrolysis with WP were investigated by TG-FTIR-MS. Thermal process of DR and WP occurred at 175.7–539.1 ℃ and 108.9–427.3 ℃. As the DR content increased, the absorption peak intensity of hydrocarbons was decreasing, but oxygenates changed little when the pyrolysis temperature exceeds 242 °C, the blend containing 50% DR presented the strongest synergy at the absorption peaks assigned to hydrocarbons at each blend. Evolved gas-phase species include mainly hydrocarbons, aromatics and small amount of oxygenated fractions, and higher DR share could obtain greater synergistic gain to CH4, benzene, phenol and naphthalene. Eα and ΔH decreased and then increased with increasing DR content. Average activation energy and enthalpy change of blends containing 25%, 50% and 75% DR were 88.9, 64.4 and 99.6 kJ/mol and 84.1, 59.6, 94.7 kJ/mol calculated through FR method, respectively. Order of reaction mechanism, diffusion mechanism nucleation mechanism affected the pyrolysis process of mixtures together, and the order of reaction model that better described the thermal decomposition of each pseudo-component.

Fire-Resistant Bio-based Polyurethane Foams Designed with Two By-Products Derived from Sugarcane Fermentation Process

There is a growing interest in replacing conventional fossil-based polymers and composites with waste-based materials and fillers for environmental sustainability. This study designed water-blown polyurethane rigid foams using two by-products from the Amyris fermentation process of producing β-farnesene. The distillation residue (FDR) served as the main polyol component in the foam’s formulation (PF), supplemented with 4.5% sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) as a fire-retardant filler (PFA). The study assessed the impact on foam properties. Based on the analysis of all compiled data (foam structure, mechanical, and thermal properties), it can be inferred that ash particles acted as nucleating points in the reaction media, leading to a reduction in foam density (from 134 to 105 kg/m3), cell size (from 496 to 480 nm), and thermal conductivity. The absence of chemical interaction between the ash filler and the polyurethane matrix indicates that the ash acts as a filler with a plasticizing effect, enhancing the polymer chain mobility. As a result, the glass transition temperature of the foam decreases (from 74 to 71.8 ºC), and the decomposition onset temperature is delayed. Although, the incorporation of 4.5% SCBA (grain size below 250 μm) was ineffective in the increment of the compressive strength, that small amount was enough to increase the foam’s specific strength from 1009 to 1149 m2/s2 suggesting that other factors (e.g. polyol feedstock, grain size, ash packing, etc.) are yet to be accounted. The flammability test results indicate that sugarcane bagasse ash improved the foam performance, reducing burning time from 251 to 90 s, time of extinguishment from 255 to 116 s, and burning length from 132 to 56.7 mm, meeting the fire protection standard UL 94, class HB. Despite the need for further improvement and detailed flammability evaluation, the results support the notion that polyurethane foams from renewable waste by-products offer a sustainable alternative to both edible and fossil-based sources. Additionally, sugarcane bagasse ash can be a suitable silica source for reinforcing composites with reduced flammability, potentially replacing harmful halogenated chemicals used for the same purpose.Graphical

Grape-Derived Polysaccharide Extracts Rich in Rhamnogalacturonans-II as Potential Modulators of White Wine Flavor Compounds.

Many authors have investigated the role of mannoproteins on wine quality, but very few have analyzed the use of grape-derived polysaccharides as they are not commercially available. In this study, purified grape-derived polysaccharides from red wine (WPP) and winemaking by-products (DWRP: Distilled Washing Residues Polysaccharides) were used as potential fining agents to modulate white wine flavor. Phenolics and volatile compounds were analyzed in the control and wines treated with WPP, DWRP, and commercial mannoproteins (CMs) after one and twelve months of bottling, and a sensory analysis was conducted. WPP and DWRP, rich in rhamnogalacturonans-II, showed themselves to be good modulators of wine aroma and astringency. Improvement in wine aroma was related to an increase in all volatile families expect higher alcohols and volatile acids. The modulation of astringency and bitterness was related to a reduction in the proanthocyanidin content and its mean degree of polymerization. Extracts with polysaccharides with higher protein contents presented a higher retention of volatile compounds, and DWRP extract had more positive effects on the overall aroma. Our novel results present the possibility of obtaining valuable polysaccharides from distilled washing residues of wine pomaces, which could promote its valorization as a by-product. This is the first time the potential use of this by-product has been described.

The study of the catalytic reforming process of light resin of pyrolysis

The conditions enabling to obtain benzene and toluene by catalytic processing of light resin are studied. Such resin is an environmentally hazardous waste of hydrocarbon production. The process of catalytic reforming of pyrolysis light resin was studied under laboratory conditions. The use of an aluminum complex catalyst in the process of pyrolysis of light resin allows reducing the temperature and pressure in the system. At the same time, the mass fraction of valuable aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene and other substances) increases in the system. The distillation residue of light resin can be used in the preparation of paints and varnishes, and as an insulator in electrical lines. Thus, the use of an aluminum-containing catalytic complex enables to accelerate the production of benzene and toluene. In this case, other valuable products are also obtained due to the pyrolysis of difficult-to-recycle, environmentally hazardous liquid waste.

Breeding Substrate Containing Distillation Residues of Mediterranean Medicinal Aromatic Plants Modulates the Effects of Tenebrio molitor as Fishmeal Substitute on Blood Signal Transduction and WBC Activation of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata).

This work assesses the dietary use of two insect meals of Tenebrio molitor (TM) larvae reared in conventional (TM-10) or MAP-enriched substrates (MAP-TM-10) as fish meal replacements (10%) in the diets of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Fish (n = 4500; 207.19 ± 1.47 g) were divided into three groups with triplicates: control (fed conventional diet), TM-10, and MAP-TM-10 groups. The fish were reared in floating cages for 12 weeks and the dietary effects on white blood cell activation, heat shock proteins, MAPKs, and apoptosis of the fish were evaluated. The MAP-TM-10 group exhibited the highest eosinophilic induction. Phosphorylated levels of p38 MAPK, p44/42 MAPK, HSP70, and HSP90 increased in the TM-10 and MAP-TM-10 groups. In terms of apoptosis, Bax levels were lower in the TM groups compared to the control, and the MAP-TM-10 group showed even lower levels than the TM-10 group. Bcl-2 levels increased in the TM-10 group compared to the control, and further increased in the MAP-TM-10 group. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, an apoptosis indicator, decreased in the TM groups, with the MAP-TM-10 group showing a further decrease compared to TM-10. These findings suggest that insects' breeding substrate being enriched with MAPs modulated the effect of TM on cellular stress and apoptosis.

One-pot fabrication of zero-valent iron-embedded activated carbon from rosemary distillation residues for malachite green removal

The current research proposes an innovative strategy for the facile preparation of magnetic activated carbon (MAC) from rosemary distillation residues (RDR). As a magnetic precursor, FeCl3 was impregnated into RDR before KOH was added as an activating agent. One-pot pyrolysis was then conducted to produce zero-valent iron nanoparticles (14.4 wt%) embedded in the activated carbon matrix. Moreover, KOH activation yielded MAC with a large total pore volume of 0.27 cm3 g−1, a high specific surface area of 459 m2 g−1, and hierarchical porosity. With a large porous system and different polar functional groups, MAC was subsequently investigated for malachite green (MG) removal in aqueous media. At pH 6.0, the adsorption process was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 82.6 mg g−1. Additionally, MAC demonstrated effective reusability after five consecutive cycles, when MG removal slightly decreased from 96.4 ± 0.6 to 91.8 ± 2.3%. Notably, MAC with a strong saturation magnetization of 18.4 emu g−1 could be conveniently recovered from treated media through magnetic fields. Overall, rosemary distillation residue-derived magnetic activated carbon can be a potential adsorbent for malachite green remediation thanks to its cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, and magnetic separability.

Insight into the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in hazardous waste incineration and incinerators: Formation process and reduction strategy

Incineration technology has been widely adopted to safely dispose of hazardous waste (HW). While the incineration process causes the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). Due to its extreme toxicity, many scholars have been committed to determining the PCDD/F formation process and reducing emissions in incinerators. Previous studies ignored the impact of incineration and fluctuation of feeding materials on PCDD/F formation in hazardous waste incinerators (HWIs). In this study, differences in PCDD/F formation between HWIs and municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) were pointed out. The incineration section in HWIs should be carefully considered. Laboratory experiments, conventional analysis and thermogravimetry experiments were conducted. An obvious disparity of PCDD/F formation between 12 kinds of HWs was found. Distillation residue was found with remarkably higher PCDD/F concentrations (11.57 ng/g). Except for the Cl content, aromatic rings and C–O bond organics were also found with high correlation coefficients with PCDD/F concentrations (>0.92). And PCDD/Fs were formed through a chlorination process and structure formation process. All of these are helpful to further understand the PCDD/F formation process during HW incineration, optimize the operation conditions in HWIs and reduce the emission pressure of PCDD/Fs in the future.

New Prospects of Waste Involvement in Marine Fuel Oil: Evolution of Composition and Requirements for Fuel with Sulfur Content up to 0.5%

Research was carried out on the possibility of involving oil refining wastes and petrochemical by-products in marine fuel oil. It was shown that the properties of the studied products (VAT distillation residue of butyl alcohols, heavy pyrolysis tar, desalted phenol production tar, waste motor oil mixture) mainly differ from primary and secondary oil refining products used in this fuel with increased toxicity (hazard classes 2 and 3). A clear disadvantage of waste motor oils is an increased content of metals, particularly zinc, calcium and phosphorus, which leads to high ash content. Recommended concentrations for introducing components into marine fuels are given. The influences of the composition and sulfur content on operational properties and quality indexes of VLSFO were also studied. It is shown that the use of products of deep hydrotreatment of vacuum-distillate fractions of oil processing can worsen its protective (anticorrosive) properties and colloidal stability; therefore, a reduction of sulfur content below 0.1% in this fuel is inexpedient without the use of additives. The requirements for VLSFO quality indicators have been developed. Application of VLSFO corresponding to the developed requirements will provide an increase in performance of ship power plants and the stability of VLSFO quality, which will contribute to cost reduction of ship owners when using it.

Fatty acid distillation residues from rice oil bran refining as a source of phytochemicals

SummaryThe aim of this work was to develop an extraction method to recover γ‐oryzanol and tocopherols from the distillation residue of the fatty acids generated during the neutralisation step of the rice bran oil refining process. The phytochemicals extraction was performed with different solvents (chloroform, methanol, methyl ethyl ketone and acetone) at a ratio of 10:1 v/w (solvent: sample), by agitating the mixture for 10 min at room temperature (20 °C ± 2 °C), then stored at −18 °C for 15 h. The γ‐oryzanol and tocopherol content in the extracted fractions were concentrated and quantified using reverse phase high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV–vis and fluorescence detector, respectively. It was observed that only one step of extraction with methanol resulted in an increased concentration of tocopherols for about six times, with a recovery of 51.50%. However, using two stages of extraction, the mixture of methanol and methyl ethyl ketone (1:1, v/v) allowed the recovery of 92.15% of tocopherols and 84.12% of γ‐oryzanol, increasing the initial concentration of these phytochemicals in about three times. These results show that there is a great possibility of these phytochemicals recovery from the distillation residue from fatty acid recovery.

Continuous separation and purification of glycerol distillation residues in the sense of circular economy: Experimental proof-of-concept and techno-economic assessment

The residue obtained in the course of the distillative purification of crude glycerol from biodiesel production contains mainly inorganic salts like sodium chloride and potassium sulphate, glycerol and matter-organic-non-glycerol. This residue is often discarded, since organic matter is present in the salts which prohibits further use where higher salt purities are needed. However, separation and purification of the residue is of interest, from an environmental but also economic point of view. Here, we demonstrate an experimental proof-of-concept for the separation and purification of glycerol-salt mixtures with ethanol as solvent in continuous counter-current solid-liquid operation in a stirred extraction column, the Taylor-Couette disc contactor. The Taylor-Couette disc contactor proves to be a viable apparatus for this application, especially in view of its simple and robust design with absence of static internals, which limits fouling and prevents accumulation of solids. Furthermore, a techno-economic assessment of the process based on a simulation in AspenPlus was conducted. Economics were evaluated on the basis of capital and operating expenditures, also taking into account waste disposal costs and profits from the sale of value-added products such as purified salt.

Radiocarbon dating of microliter sized Hungarian Tokaj wine samples

Radiocarbon-based age determination of wine samples has a great tradition worldwide, but most of the applied techniques, such as liquid scintillation counting and gas proportional counting analyses, have had large sample size requirements. However, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) based radiocarbon dating methods require much lower amount of carbon. Up to now, only a few available studies applied the AMS method to the dating of wine. We tested a preparation and measurement protocol for wine radiocarbon dating, not only for the ethanol fraction but for the distillation residue and submilliliter level preparation method of the wine sample without separation was also applied, using capillaries of the twenty wine samples from the Hungarian Tokaj wine region. The reliability of our method was verified by a comparison of wine time series with the Northern Hemisphere Zone 1 atmospheric 14C data as a calibration curve. The measured 14C values of the two different fractions, the ethanol and distillation residue, and the milliliter-sized non-separated samples also were in good agreement with each other, which shows both fractions could be used for radiocarbon dating of wine samples. Small sample size (~10 μL) wine radiocarbon dating does not destroy a significant part of a bottle of wine.

The study of byproduct of ethylene production with light pyrolysis resin and properties of obtained varnish

The composition of the light pyrolysis resin has been studied with the methods of gas-chromatographic and mass-spectrometry analysis. 70.24 % of aromatic, 8.53 % of saturated and 7.83 % of non-saturated hydrocarbons have been revealed in the sample. Aromatic hydrocarbons with high content percentage of the light pyrolysis resins have been rectified. The treatment of the oil-polymer resin into the varnish in the distillation residue has been researched. It was defined that the varnishes are stable against the reactions of the acids, salts, alkali, sea water and mineral oil, and do not have electrical conductivity. Moreover, it was also revealed that a varnish obtained with an aluminum complex catalyst on toluol is of higher quality than that of obtained via thermal treatment.

Reduction of fossil CO2 emissions of engine fuels by integration of stabilized bio-oil distillation residue to a crude-oil refinery hydrocracking process

Utilization of waste lignocellulosic biomass to produce high-quality fuels with renewable carbon content using existing refinery infrastructure is an important step towards carbon neutrality. Direct hydroprocessing of pyrolysis bio-oil to liquid biofuels is technically challenging due to its wide fractional and complex chemical composition that requires harsh reaction conditions associated with extensive biocarbon loss to the gaseous products. We have proposed a novel bio-oil hydroprocessing strategy based on 1) bio-oil hydrotreatment (stabilization), 2) fractionation of the stabilized bio-oil and 3) co-processing of the fractions in appropriate refinery processes. In this work, we focus on the co-processing of the stabilized bio-oil distillation residue (SBDR, b.p. 360+°C) with vacuum gas-oil (VGO) in a hydrocracking fixed bed reactor under conventional conditions. This allowed us to maximize biogenic carbon content (92%) in the liquid transportation fuels as confirmed by the distribution of 14C (obtained by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) into the corresponding fractions. i.e. gases, naphtha, kerosene, diesel and distillation residue. Reduction of the fossil CO2 emission was 3 times higher for the naphtha fraction compared with E10 gasoline; 2.4 times higher for the diesel fraction compared with B7 diesel (7 vol% FAME). Detailed analysis of the products via GC × GC-TOFMS, 13C NMR, and FTIR together with the standardized methods demonstrated that fuel distillates met requirements for conventional fuels with only negligible effect of the SBDR on physicochemical properties of products and catalyst stability. This shows that the co-hydrocracking of SBDR is a suitable process to maximize liquid fuel production with increased biogenic carbon content.

A novel resourcezation strategy for the alkylphenol distillation residues: From hazardous wastes to high-valued epoxy asphalt materials

The treatment of industrial organic wastes is always a challenge for both the production companies and the environmental protection organizations due to their complexity and hazardousness. Take the alkylphenol distillation residues (APDRs) as an example, it was largely produced in petroleum industry every year but traditionally disposed by incineration or landfill, leading to not only the waste of resources but also the potentially secondary pollution. Herein, a novel sustainable way has been proposed to convert the APDRs into high-valued asphalt additives to replace the commercial cardanol for road construction. Generally, APDRs was added into asphalt, mixed with curing agent, and then reacted with epoxy resin to produce epoxy asphalt. Results showed that, compared with cardanol, the APDRs performed more evenly in dispersing the epoxy resin and asphalt binder, increasing the compatibility between epoxy and asphalt. According to the measurements by fluorescence microscopy and toluene etching-SEM hybrid tests, it is found that the addition of APDRs would cause the phase transition of the epoxy asphalt materials with different concentrations. Under the optimal addition of APDRs (15%), the most improved mechanical properties (the tensile strength was 2.09 MPa and elongation at break was 261.58%) of the epoxy asphalt system are obtained, much higher than the national standards. The mechanistic studies showed that the alkylphenol distillation residues play important roles in reacting with epoxy and asphalt by alkylation and cross-linking during the curing process of epoxy asphalt. In this way, the epoxy and asphalt could be well mixed and interacted, improving the mechanical properties and thermal stability of epoxy asphalt for the road construction. Finally, the economic evaluation for this strategy has been preliminarily conducted, which further proves the feasibility of conversion of APDRs to high-valued asphalt additives. These findings would also shed lights on the development of reproducible and scalable resourcization methods for other similar industrial organic wastes.

Production of Biogas from Distillation Residue as a Waste Material from the Distillery Industry in Poland

In this paper, the possibility to obtain an alternative source of energy from methane fermentation, catalysed by biomass, has been discussed in detail. As a main substrate, the distillation residue from the distillery industry was taken in the case of mono-fermentation and its co-fermentation with sewage sludge. The results showed that higher biogas and methane production can be obtained in a mono-fermentation process. Fermentation lasted for 23 days, and during this time, 333.14 and 249.64 L/kg VS of the total biogas for mono- and co-fermentation was subsequently obtained, which gives around 63% and 50% of methane in both types of the process, respectively. Additionally, to interpret the experimental data obtained and to predict the trend of the accumulation curves, a simple Gompertz model has been applied. The application of the Gompertz model has enabled us to estimate some important parameters with a strict physical meaning, namely, the maximum production value of the biogas and its components, the production rate of a given gas, as well as the incubation phase time. Finally, an approximate analysis of the potential volume of biogas production was also carried out, based on the mass of distillation residue produced annually in Poland.

Recovery of rare earths, lithium, and fluorine from rare earth molten salt electrolytic slag by mineral phase reconstruction combined with vacuum distillation

A novel green method for the recovery of rare earths (REs), fluorine (F), and lithium (Li) from rare earth molten salt electrolytic slag (REMSES) was proposed and demonstrated by mineral phase reconstruction combined with vacuum distillation. Kinetic analysis revealed that the roasting process was controlled by the chemical interface reaction. Under the optimized conditions (roasting temperature of 600 °C, LiOH·H2O dosage coefficient of 1.1 times, and roasting time of 4 h), NdF3 and NdOF in the slag were almost completely converted to LiF and Ca2Nd8(SiO4)6O2. The removal rate of F and recovery rate of LiF were 99.98 % and 98.96 %, respectively, at 1100 °C and 10 Pa for 1 h, indicating that F could be effectively removed by vacuum distillation. The F and Li were recovered as LiF with a purity of 99.8 wt%, which could then be recycled in the molten salt electrolysis process for the preparation of RE metals. The leaching rate of TREO from distillation residue was 99.27 % using hydrochloric acid. This process not only successfully achieved the green and efficient recovery of REs, Li, and F from REMSES, but also eliminated environmental pollution caused by the release of F.