Distance Regulation Research Articles

No faces, just body movements—Effects of perceived emotional valence of body kinetics and psychological factors on interpersonal distance behavior within an immersive virtual environment

In an immersive virtual environment, it was investigated how the perception of body kinetics contributes to social distance behavior when the facial expression and other physical properties of a social interaction partner cannot be perceived. Based on point light displays, both the subject and the social interaction partner were depicted as stick figures, both moving simultaneously in the same space. In addition, the effects of relevant psychological factors of the perceiver on social distance behavior were examined. The results were consistent with those from studies with facial expressions or realistic full-body interactants. A greater distance was maintained from characters with emotionally negative expressions of body kinetics. Stationary objects stimuli, which were also included in the study, were mostly passed closer than neutral agents. However, the results are not entirely clear and require further investigation. Depressive symptom burden and factors mainly related to anxiety and avoidance showed effects on social distance in an IVE. The CID, a test often used to assess the interpersonal distance at which a person is comfortable, correlated with that overt behavior. In summary, the results of the study provide experimental evidence that the perception of body kinetics has a similarly significant influence on the regulation of social distance as, for example, facial affect. Implementing this study in real life would be incredibly complex, if not impossible. It is interesting to see that the comparatively simple method used in this study to create and operate an immersive virtual environment turned out to be suitable for studying at least simple types of social behavior based on body movements.

Survey of the patients' perspectives and preferences in adopting telepharmacy versus in-person visits to the pharmacy: a feasibility study during the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundFollowing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the health authorities recommended the implementation of strict social distancing and complete lockdown regulations to reduce disease spread. The pharmacists quickly adopted telemedicine (telepharmacy) as a solution against this crisis, but awareness about this technology is lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to explore the patients' perspectives and preferences regarding telepharmacy instead of traditional in-person visits.MethodsAn electronic questionnaire was designed and sent to 313 patients who were eligible for the study (from March to April 2021). The questionnaire used five-point Likert scales to inquire about motivations for adopting telepharmacy and in-person visits, their perceived advantages and disadvantages, and the declining factors of telepharmacy. Finally, the results were descriptively analyzed using SPSS 22.ResultsOf all 313 respondents, a total of 241 (77%) preferred appointments via telepharmacy while 72 (23%) preferred in-person services. There was a significant difference between the selection percentage of telepharmacy and in-person services (chi-square 91.42; p < 0.0001). Preference bout the telepharmacy system versus in-person visits to the pharmacy was associated with factors such as "reducing the incidence of contagious disease" (4.41; ± 0.78), "spending less time receiving pharmaceutical services” (4.24; ± 0.86)), and “traveling a shorter distance for receiving pharmaceutical services" (4.25; ± 0.86). "Reducing costs" (90.87%), "saving time" (89.21%), and "reducing the incidence of contagious disease" (87.13%) were the most important reasons for choosing telepharmacy services. Also, “face-to-face communication with the pharmacist” (25%), “low internet bandwidth” (25%), and “reduction of patients' anxiety and the increase of their peace of mind” (23.61%) were the most important reasons for choosing in-person visits.ConclusionSurvey data indicate that most participants are likely to prefer the use of telepharmacy, especially during crises such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. Telepharmacy can be applied as an important means and a crucial service to lessen the load on healthcare organizations and expand drug supply shelters in pharmacies. However, there are still substantial hurdles to overcome in order to successfully implement the telemedicine platform as part of mainstream practice.

Factors affecting the mental health of pregnant women using UK maternity services during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative interview study

BackgroundPeople using maternity services in the United Kingdom (UK) have faced significant changes brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing regulations. We focused on the experiences of pregnant women using UK maternity services during the pandemic and the impact of social distancing rules on their mental health and wellbeing.MethodsWe conducted 23 qualitative semi-structured interviews from June 2020 to August 2021, with women from across the UK who experienced a pregnancy during the pandemic. Nineteen participants in the study carried their pregnancy to term and four had experienced a miscarriage during the pandemic. Interviews took place remotely over video or telephone call, discussing topics such as mental health during pregnancy and use of UK maternity services. We used reflexive thematic analysis to analyse interview transcripts.ResultsWe generated six higher order themes: [1] Some pregnancy discomforts alleviated by social distancing measures, [2] The importance of relationships that support coping and adjustment, [3] Missed pregnancy and parenthood experiences, [4] The mental health consequences of birth partner and visitor restrictions, [5] Maternity services under pressure, and [6] Lack of connection with staff. Many participants felt a sense of loss over a pregnancy experience that differed so remarkably to what they had expected because of the pandemic. Supportive relationships were important to help cope with pregnancy and pandemic-related changes; but feelings of isolation were compounded for some participants because opportunities to build social connections through face-to-face parent groups were unavailable. Participants also described feeling alone due to restrictions on their partners being present when accessing UK maternity services.ConclusionsOur findings highlight some of the changes that may have affected pregnant women’s mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Reduced social support and being unable to have a partner or support person present during maternity service use were the greatest concerns reported by participants in this study. Absence of birth partners removed a protective buffer in times of uncertainty and distress. This suggests that the availability of a birth partner or support person must be prioritised wherever possible in times of pandemics to protect the mental health of people experiencing pregnancy and miscarriage.

THE ROLES OF GOVERNMENTS IN IMPLEMENTING LARGE-SCALE SOCIAL RESTRICTIONS TO ACCELERATE COVID-19 HANDLING

Based on the data obtained from wordometers per April 2021, coronavirus infection cases throughout the world reached 141,982,642 cases. 3,032,005 people died and 120,513,253 people recovered. In handling Covid-19, Indonesia has implemented Social Distancing and Rapid Test. The government has issued some regulations related to the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (known as PSBB/Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar). At the end of January 2020, China has immediately and assertively locked down Wuhan, a city with a total population of 11 million people. It was the biggest lockdown made throughout history. The problem in this research is how the governments Indonesia and China dealt with Covid-19 in its incipient phase. This research used a qualitative method based on the randomly-selected mapped news in accordance with the research focus and social distancing regulations enforced in Indonesia and China. Furthermore, those materials were systematically classified to prove that social distancing regulations can well reduce the spread of Covid-19 both in Indonesia and China. The research results show that the COVID-19 handling in each country is different.

Attachment in the time of COVID-19: Insecure attachment orientations are associated with defiance of authorities' guidelines during the pandemic.

Previous research has linked people’s relational attachment orientations to emotional reactions and coping during crises, and to social trust and trust in societal institutions. The COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis for which collective efforts, such as social distancing, are necessary to stop the spread of the virus. During previous pandemics, people high in trust have typically adhered to such efforts. In the present study, we investigated whether attachment orientations were related to people’s adherence to authorities’ guidelines to stop the spread of COVID-19. We also tested whether previous mediational findings—linking attachment-related avoidance to welfare state trust via social trust—would replicate. We used a web-based survey of 620 participants. Our findings showed that attachment-related anxiety was linked to low adherence to social distancing regulations. This finding was especially noteworthy because high attachment-anxious participants also experienced more negative emotions, yet negative emotions were generally linked to high adherence. Thus, people higher in attachment anxiety seem to have more difficulties in avoiding social situations despite heightened risk of catching and spreading the virus. In addition, attachment-related avoidance was negatively related to adherence and to welfare state trust, and its effects on welfare state trust were statistically mediated by low social trust.

Affective touch perception and longing for touch during the COVID-19 pandemic

Interpersonal touch and affective touch play a crucial role in social interactions and have a positive influence on mental health. The social distancing regulations implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic have reduced the ability to engage in interpersonal touch. This could cause longing for touch, and it might subsequently alter the way in which affective touch is perceived. To investigate this, we conducted an online survey and included 1982 participants, which contained questions regarding the COVID-19 regulations, longing for touch, and the perceived pleasantness of affective and non-affective touch. Results showed that participants reported feelings of longing for touch. This significantly increased with the duration and severity of the COVID-19 regulations. In addition, participants who experienced more longing for touch rated videos of affective and non-affective touch as more pleasant. Current results provide insight in the impact of sudden and prolonged COVID-19 regulations and show that increasing the duration and severity of these regulations is associated with a higher desire for touch, which is associated with increased perceived pleasantness of observing touch.

Distributed Moving Target Fencing in a Regular Polygon Formation

This article proposes a distributed controller for a network of agents of second-order dynamics to fence a moving target of unknown velocity within their convex hull. Moreover, the agents form a regular polygon formation and avoid collision during the entire evolution. In the control scheme, the agents are not necessarily labeled and the nearest angle rules are applied. Each controller is composed of the functionalities of estimation of the target&#x2019;s velocity, regulation of distance between the agents and the target, and angle repulsion among agents resulting in an equal distribution. The latter two also guarantee collision avoidance. The asymptotical behavior of the closed-loop system is rigorously analyzed, especially subject to the velocity estimation error. The effectiveness of the controller is also demonstrated by numerical simulation.

Digital training in the wake of a pandemic: Using technology to train health care professionals in the identification of human trafficking victims.

Human trafficking training is crucial for victim identification and appropriate service provision in health care settings. Over the past decade, the health care profession has made significant strides in the education and training of health professionals. However, access to quality training is still varied, and a unified education program has not been established. At best, educational programs are uneven in their goals and standards. Further complicating matters, amid the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing regulations, in-person training has been less optimal. To provide all health care professionals with much-needed education on human trafficking identification and service provision, the authors recommend that human trafficking trainings incorporate online platforms and provide justification from the literature for this recommendation. The authors contend that virtual training programs provide easy access and provide a convenient platform for health care professionals to broaden their knowledge and awareness of the unique demands and challenges that trafficked persons encounter.

International Conference on Innovative and Sustainable Technologies in Civil Engineering (ISTCE-2021)

Preface About: The International Conference on Innovative and Sustainable Technologies in Civil Engineering (ISTCE-2021) was successfully held on September 24th and 25th 2021. The ISTCE-2021 was organized by Department of Civil Engineering, Bapatla Engineering College, Bapatla, India. Unfortunately, since July 2021 the 2nd outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused social distancing regulations and travelling restrictions across India. Therefore, the conference committees decided to change the meeting to virtual format.Innovative and sustainable development is one of the leading civilization ideas in the field of Civil Engineering that has gained importance among the researchers in the recent past. The primary objective of the ISTCE-2021 is to bring academicians, technocrats, engineers, researchers and students to a common platform to share their experience and research results on all the aspects of sustainable Civil Engineering. It also provides a premier interdisciplinary platform to present and discuss the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns as well as practical challenges encountered, and their solutions adopted in the fields of Sustainable Civil Engineering. The conference focuses on latest research in different areas of civil engineering with special emphasis on sustainable construction practices.List Of Committes, Patrons, Conveners, Co-Conveners, Web & Publicity Committee, Technical Advisory Committee, Organizing Committee, Editorial Committee, Conference Photos these are available in this pdf.

Online Emotion Regulation for an Adolescent With Misophonia: A Case Study.

Misophonia is a novel diagnosis characterised by extreme and uncontrollable autonomic reactions and emotional responses to selective auditory stimuli, which can significantly impair an individual's daily life. No agreed diagnostic criteria are currently available for misophonia, and any therapeutic guidance is yet to be formalised. In this case study, a tailored psychological intervention based on the cognitive model and developed around emotion regulation principles and techniques was adopted to treat misophonia in a 16-year-old female from the United Kingdom. The treatment lasted for 15 weeks and was delivered online due to the ongoing COVID-19 social distancing regulations. The results showed that the intervention was feasible and acceptable, and effective at reducing levels of misophonic symptoms from severe to moderate/mild while also improving emotion dysregulation and overall anxiety and depression. Particular improvements were observed for specific skills such as acceptance and awareness of emotional responses and increased access to emotion regulation strategies. These findings also translated into a number of reported daily life improvements in the client's psychological and social well-being. As the current evidence base on misophonia continues to develop, more methodologically rigorous research is warranted to build on the present findings and inform the adoption of further psychotherapeutic approaches to treat this new condition.

Implementation of a virtual escape room mock code to comply with social distancing

BackgroundDespite a global pandemic with social distancing regulations, nurses must continue to participate in continuing education to ensure competency for the care they provide. Mock codes are common yearly competencies that nurses must participate in to grow their critical thinking and show mastery of the skills. Maintaining mock codes which were usually in person, became a struggle in order to comply with social distancing. MethodA virtual escape room mock code was implemented as a substitute for in-person education to sustain continued education during a time of social distancing. The aim was to determine if the virtual sessions met the perceived expectations of the nurses in comparison to previous in-person sessions. The session was designed based upon the Community of Inquiry framework for participants to work together in a meaningful capacity. After completion of the session, a survey which included an adaption of the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Survey, was disseminated to pediatric and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) nurses to gauge their satisfaction and perceptions compared to an in-person method. ResultsResults indicated that the nurses felt satisfaction and self-confidence in learning and that virtual session provided equal education as compared to previous in-person sessions. ConclusionThe virtual escape room mock code engaged the nursing staff in an interactive educational opportunity which fulfilled their annual competency requirement.

Teaching Culturally Safe Care in Simulated Cultural Communication Scenarios During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Virtual Visits with Indigenous Animators.

Clinical learning activities involving Indigenous patient actors that specifically address the development of culturally safe care skills among medical students are important in order to improve health care for Indigenous people. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic led to strict physical distancing regulations and regional lockdowns that made the in-person delivery of Simulated Cultural Communication Scenarios (SCCS) with Indigenous patient actors impossible due to the disproportionate risk that public health emergencies pose for Indigenous communities. As the pandemic continued in 2021, we co-created a Virtual Visit approach to SCCS for the education of culturally safe care to pre-clerkship medical students. We report on student and tutor evaluation of these virtual sessions and contextualize our findings with our previous results delivering In-Person SCCSs. We found that Virtual Visit SCCS were highly effective in providing authentic exposure to and feedback from Indigenous patients. However, students rated their learning outcomes with Virtual Visit lower than the In-person approach to SCCS. We recommend formal training on interacting with patients in virtual care scenarios prior to Virtual Visit SCCS. We also found that exposure to SCCS with Indigenous animators has the potential to conjure up a diverse spectrum of sometimes unresolved negative feelings related to colonialism among students and tutors including discomfort, embarrassment, and anxiety. Our findings underscore the importance of resolving these sentiments within the safe environment of a classroom. To prepare Indigenous as well as non-Indigenous students and tutors adequately, it is important to acknowledge and critically deconstruct the embodiment of colonialism and Indigenous-settler relations when teaching physicians, as well as future physicians, preparedness for culturally safe care of Indigenous peoples.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the academic life of higher education students: A rural South African perspective from a global study

Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has become a greatest challenge in all sectors of life in the 21st Century. Due to worldwide lockdown and social distancing regulations, higher education institutions who offer face-to face classes had to go online to provide educational services to their students, which had major impacts on student lives. To study the immediate effects of it, a global study on the life of higher education students, initiated by University of Ljubljana (with international partners) was conducted as a voluntary and anonymous online survey across the world started on 5 May 2020. The survey targeted higher education students ‒ on what student life looks like during the COVID-19 pandemic, in different parts of the world. This article reports on part of that global study, reporting on the teaching and learning aspect of a sample of 274 undergraduate students from a South African rural higher education institution (HEI) who participated in the study. Thus, this article highlights the immediate impacts of the pandemic during 5 May – 15 June 2020 of the rural HEI. The study is important as the student perspective can have an impact on post- COVID academic policies of HEIs with similar contexts.

Online Instructional Modalities and Pragmatic Business Education: Evidence from transition to eLearning during COVID-19 Crisis

As the pedagogical landscape evolves in response to the emerging challenges posed by stringency and other social distancing regulations, remote learning appears to have successfully evolved, complemented by a considerable boost in pragmatism. The development and implementation of an alternative education strategy during the pandemic is inevitable to allow for the continuity of instruction and therefore, the sustainability of education outcomes. Amid the transition to non-conventional modes of educational platforms and pedagogical approaches, rather forced by the pandemic, this research aims to explore the potential post-crisis developments in the education systems with the relevant antecedents, processes, and outcomes. The findings of this research are developed from the survey conducted in the universities in Georgia. Results are based on both the qualitative as well as the quantitative analysis of the reflection/perception of instructors in the business disciplines to the pragmatic approach to teaching, to the success/failure, or administrative eagerness and preparedness to respond to the crisis, and the evaluation of the student outcomes. The results suggest that the transition to online education in response to COVID-19 has sufficiently contributed toward the goal of the pragmatic approach in business education.

A Hybrid Heuristic Algorithm for Solving COVID-19’s Social Distancing at Universities Campus

Social distancing during COVID-19 has become one of the most important measures in reducing the risks of the spread of the virus. Implementing these measures at universities is crucial and directly related to the physical attendance of the populations of students, professors, employees, and other members on campus. This research proposes an automated scheduling approach that can help universities and schools comply with the social distancing regulations by providing assistance in avoiding huge assemblages of people. Furthermore, this paper proposes a novel course timetable-scheduling scheme based on four main constraints. First, a distance of two meters must be maintained between each student inside the classroom. Second, no classrooms should contain more than 20% of their regular capacity. Third, there would be no back-to-back classes. Lastly, no lectures should be held simultaneously in adjacent classrooms. The proposed approach was implemented using a variable neighborhood search (VNS) approach with an adaptive neighborhood structure (AD-NS) to resolve the problem of scheduling course timetables at Al-Ahlyyia Amman University. However, the experimental results show that the proposed techniques outperformed the standard VNS tested on university course timetabling benchmark dataset ITC2007-Track3. Meanwhile, the approach was tested using datasets collected from the faculty of information technology at Al-Ahlyyia Amman University (Jordan). Where the results showed that, the proposed technique could help educational institutes to resume their regular operations while complying with the social distancing guidelines.

A Scoping Review on the Medical and Recreational Use of Cannabis During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background/Introduction: The shelter-in-place orders and social distancing regulations on account of the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted lifestyles, including the use of cannabis. The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize both the gray and academic literature on the use of cannabis during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: A total of 11 databases, including 2 medical databases, 7 social science databases, and 2 gray literature databases were searched resulting in 316 titles and abstracts of which 76 met inclusion criteria. Results: Nine themes emerged: (a) prevalence and trends of cannabis use during COVID[1]19; (b) demographics; (c) profile of mode of consumption; (d) context of using cannabis (i.e., solitary use vs. in groups); (e) factors contributing to use; (f) factors inhibiting use; (g) adverse clinical and psychiatric outcomes of cannabis use during the pandemic; (h) similarities between EVALI (E-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury) and COVID-19 symptoms; (i) implications for policy and practice. Studies published until February 2, 2021 were included in this review. Discussion: Findings have highlighted that feelings of boredom, depression, and anxiety during the pandemic have contributed to an increase in the use of cannabis. Furthermore, accessibility to cannabis was noted to affect use during the pandemic. Adverse psychiatric and clinical outcomes were associated with the increased use of cannabis. Conclusion: Practitioners and policymakers are called to employ harm reduction strategies to respond to increasing cannabis use. There is a need for population-based studies and further examination of factors contributing to the increased use of cannabis during the pandemic and associated negative consequences.

The impact of multiple non-pharmaceutical interventions on controlling COVID-19 outbreak without lockdown in Hong Kong: A modelling study

SummaryBackgroundThe ‘third wave’ of COVID-19 in Hong Kong, China was suppressed by non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Although social distancing regulations were quickly strengthened, the outbreak continued to grow, causing increasing delays in tracing and testing. Further regulations were introduced, plus ‘targeted testing’ services for at-risk groups. Estimating the impact of individual NPIs could provide lessons about how outbreaks can be controlled without radical lockdown. However, the changing delays in confirmation time challenge current modelling methods. We used a novel approach aimed at disentangling and quantifying the effects of individual interventions.MethodsWe incorporated the causes of delays in tracing and testing (i.e. load-efficiency relationship) and the consequences from such delays (i.e. the proportion of un-traced cases and the proportion of traced-cases with confirmation delay) into a deterministic transmission model, which was fitted to the daily number of cases with and without an epi‑link (an indication of being contact-traced). The effect of each NPI was then calculated.FindingsThe model estimated that after earlier relaxation of regulations, Re rose from 0.7 to 3.2. Restoration of social distancing to the previous state only reduced Re to 1.3, because of increased delay in confirmation caused by load on the contact-tracing system. However, Re decreased by 20.3% after the introduction of targeted testing and by 17.5% after extension of face-mask rules, reducing Re to 0.9 and suppressing the outbreak. The output of the model without incorporation of delay failed to capture important features of transmission and Re.InterpretationChanging delay in confirmation has a significant impact on disease transmission and estimation of transmissibility. This leads to a clear recommendation that delay should be monitored and mitigated during outbreaks, and that delay dynamics should be incorporated into models to assess the effects of NPIs.FundingCity University of Hong Kong and Health and Medical Research Fund.

Gender politics, UK jazz festivals and COVID-19

Music festivals offer a valuable glimpse into the state of the current musical landscape. Through them we can follow the career trajectories of particular artists, spot genre trends and divergences, identify connections and differences, and make sense of emerging scenes. Equally, music festivals lay bare the continued inequalities that exist; inclusions and absences are starkly visible in festival line-ups, and marketing and communications provide inspiration for public debate and the fuel for change. For scholars, festivals offer a context through which to examine the complex politics of music, condensed into a specific time and place yet engaging with global trends and debates, with international artists and audiences, with the past and the future, all within the economic and social context of the music industries. From spring 2020, we could clearly plot through music festivals the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on live music as we have previously known it, the government-driven lockdowns and social distancing regulations bringing an abrupt halt to live performance and threatening the existence of many music festivals. This period of disruption extended also to the outreach, education, artist development, fundraising, partnership working, and overall strategies of festival teams, to include festival-driven and global attempts to address significant issues relating to access and diversity within the music industries. This article explores gender politics from the stage of UK jazz festivals and considers the momentum of gender-focused initiatives during a period of international crisis.

The Psychosocial Adjustment of Kidney Recipients in Canada's Kidney Paired Donation Program.

Introduction: Kidney paired donation programs have been implemented globally. The involvement of at least 2 donors in these programs might exacerbate recipients’ debt of gratitude and guilt, worries about the donor's health, and worries about graft failure documented by previous studies. However, there is an absence of research on the psychosocial implications of kidney paired donation. This study aimed to provide an in-depth examination of recipients’ experience of kidney paired donation, with a focus on psychosocial adjustment. Methods/Approach: Individual interviews were conducted with 8 recipients who received a transplant through Canada's Kidney Paired Donation program. Data was analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Findings: Four themes emerged: (a) an emotionally charged relationship with the known donor, (b) optimal distance regulation in the relationship with the anonymous donor, (c) kidney paired donation as a series of ups and downs, and (d) multilayered gratitude. Discussion: Findings are considered in relation to extant literature. Issues relevant to the transplant community's clinical and research efforts to provide kidney recipients responsive care are discussed.

Preface

The 5th International Conference on Chemical Engineering, Food and Biotechnology (ICCFB2021) Dear Authors, honored Readers,It is with my deep pleasure that I write this Foreword to the Manuscript Collection of the 5th ICCFB - International Conference on Chemical Engineering, Food and Biotechnology held in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, in November 4-5, 2021. Unfortunately, since June 2021, the 4th outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused social distancing regulations in the whole Vietnam; therefore, the conference committees decided to change the meeting to a virtual format.The 5th ICCFB with the theme “Chemical, Food and Biological Process Development towards Sustainability and Digital Transformation” is expected that the emerging technologies and scientific advancements in all the fields will be disseminated during the Conference. It also intends to create a forum for strengthening partnership between academia and industry towards industrial applications. The papers contributed the most recent scientific knowledge known in the field of Animal and Plant Cell Technology, Protein Engineering, Bioenvironmental Engineering, Bioactive Compounds and Food Biotechnology, Catalyst and Reaction Engineering, Renewable Energy Technology, Environmental and Safety Engineering, Fundamental of Chemical, Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Industrial Chemical Engineering, Material Science and Technology, Process and Control Engineering. All the papers were carefully reviewed with a double-blind review process.In addition to the contributed papers, the keynote speeches were given to make the conference more productive and precious. I believe that this is also the driving force for further research and research in all these areas.We thank all distinguished guests, authors, participants for their contributions to make a successful conference and look forward to the 6th ICCFB in 2023.Dr. Tran Tan VietProgram ChairICCFB2021List of Conference Chairs and Editors, Invited Speakers, Technical Committees are available in this pdf.