Dissemination Of Cultural Heritage Research Articles

Problems of acquisition and postprocessing of 3D scans of large architectural objects

The article presents the 3D scanning methodology for large architectural objects, using stationary laser scanners in case of objects of cultural heritage. The developed methodology was tested in the field during 3D scanning of architectural monuments of the city of Samarkand in Uzbekistan. Particular attention is paid to technical and organisational problems of the 3D scanning process of architectural objects which appeared during the Second Scientific Expedition of the Lublin University of Technology to Central Asia. Next, methods for obtaining digital models adequate to the assumed archiving goals and dissemination of cultural heritage of Central Asia are presented. The described case study is, according to the authors, representative for 3D scanning of much-frequented architectural objects being monuments of great importance for cultural heritage.

Los portales de archivos españoles: transparencia, interoperabilidad y orientación a los usuarios

En el artículo se analizan las características de quince portales de archivos españoles. El objetivo de la investigación es evaluar hasta qué punto son exhaustivos con respecto a la información y recursos que ofrecen, la facilidad de uso, la orientación a los usuarios y la interoperabilidad. La investigación se enmarca en el ámbito de la difusión del patrimonio cultural en Europa. Entre otras conclusiones el estudio revela la necesidad de mejorar los portales, con el fin de convertirlos en herramientas útiles para visibilizar y hacer accesible el patrimonio archivístico español a cualquier tipo de usuario. Se evidencia también la necesidad de un compromiso más firme de las instituciones de las que dependen para desarrollarlos y, en general, aprovechar el potencial de Internet para difundir dicho patrimonio y aumentar la transparencia.

A Review of Heritage Building Information Modeling (H-BIM)

Many projects concerning the protection, conservation, restoration, and dissemination of cultural heritage are being carried out around the world due to its growing interest as a driving force of socio-economic development. The existence of reliable, digital three-dimensional (3D) models that allow for the planning and management of these projects in a remote and decentralized way is currently a growing necessity. There are many software tools to perform the modeling and complete three-dimensional documentation of the intervened monuments. However, the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) sector has adopted the Building Information Modeling (BIM) standard over the last few decades due to the progress that has been made in its qualities and capabilities. The complex modeling of cultural heritage through commercial BIM software leads to the consideration of the concept of Heritage BIM (H-BIM), which pursues the modeling of architectural elements, according to artistic, historical, and constructive typologies. In addition, H-BIM is considered to be an emerging technology that enables us to understand, document, advertize, and virtually reconstruct the built heritage. This article is a review of the existing literature on H-BIM and its effective implementation in the cultural heritage sector, exploring the effectiveness and the usefulness of the different methodologies that were developed to model families of elements of interest.

Disclosure of Temporary Exposures as Permanent Website Applications through the Patrimonial Survey

In a context of web application in the field of the dissemination of cultural heritage, this article advances in a methodology for the optimization of points clouds obtained through the technology of Laser Scanner (TLS). Identifying the potential of TLS surveys as interactive models that allow the cultural heritage to be perpetuated over time. This point cloud optimization is developed with free software, focusing its exploitation on an interactive web application, which has made it possible to convert two temporary museum exhibitions into permanent exhibitions in virtual format. Developed in conjunction with the Museu d’Història de la Ciutat de Barcelona. The case study focuses on the Palau Reial Major, Gothic style, formed by the chapel of Santa Àgata (built in 1302, on the Roman wall) and Saló del Tinell (built between 1359 and 1370, on the Roman remains). Located in the Plaça del Rei, in the old town of Barcelona. In this application is very important the visual impact, it requires to represent a faithful model of the interior of the building, from the point of view of color and lighting, avoiding the transparencies of the model through a dense cloud of dots, without occlusions, this requires a great quantity of positions. This implies a clear methodology, using different techniques such as photographic proyection, given the complexity of lighting of the building, as much for the artificial lighting as for the lighting of the stained glass. In this process, there were 84 positions that provide greater density of points, which are optimized with free programs. The temporary exhibitions of the case studies, elaborated by the MUHBA in the Saló del Tinell are: “Indianas, 1736-1847. The origins of industrial Barcelona” exposed from May 19, 2012 to March 3, 2013 and “El Món del 1714” exposed from December 20 to September 28, 2014. Both are based on a tour with showcases and exhibitors where different objects of a museum character are shown, such as looms, cloths, dresses, books, among others, accompanied by panels with texts and images that contain the information that each exhibition shows. Virtual applications allow such temporary exposures to become an interactive model, in which information can be permanently consulted. A virtual tour where the user can interact with the information panels and observe in detail the different objects of the exhibition. The results of this work manage to generate a powerful mechanism of diffusion and approximation to the society of the cultural heritage that, otherwise, as a whole as exhibition would disappear.

Predictive digitisation of cultural heritage objects

3D digitisation has been instrumental in the cultural heritage domain for over a decade, contributing to the digital preservation and dissemination of cultural heritage. Still, the typical 3D acquisition workflow remains complex and time-consuming. This work presents the concept of predictive digitisation by means of a platform, aiming to speed-up and simplify 3D digitisation, exploiting similarities in digital repositories of Cultural Heritage objects.

Storytelling and telling history. Towards a grammar of narratives for Cultural Heritage dissemination in the Digital Era

The paper represents an attempt to set up a theoretical framework for storytelling approach applied to Cultural Heritage. After a general analysis and a narrative theory review, the first topic addressed is the long-lasting problem of harmonizing freedom of narration (human creativity) and the constraints of scientific reliability: a debate which is at least 150 years old, but become particularly important in the digital era. Then, it will be set a classification of storytelling elements (arena, characters) inspired on similar ones shaped in the domain of semantics for literature, in order to create a working tool suitable for virtual museums and historical dissemination in a broad sense.

Exploración de las posibilidades de la librería Three-js en proyectos de difusión del patrimonio cultural

<p>For whatever project related with the study and conservation of cultural heritage, the dissemination stage of tree-dimensional (3D) information must be a key part of the whole process. Most of the existing web-based platforms are using WebGL technology to disseminate 3D content through Web navigators, despite they are normally generic, with a low level of viewers ‘customization. Alternatively, users can make use of several libraries, most of them open source, which allow a complete adaptation to the specific project features, even though enough level of programming skills are necessary to use them. In the present paper we will describe the minimum requirements that any cultural heritage dissemination project should contain and its implementation using Three-js, one of the most versatile open source libraries for 3D visualization. In addition, we will show several examples of Three-js integration with other libraries that take advantage from HTML5 (HyperText Markup Language, version 5) to enhance the user's experience on a Web platform.</p>

Augmented reality application for dissemination of cultural heritage

Augmented reality application for dissemination of cultural heritage

A Storytelling-Driven Framework for Cultural Heritage Dissemination

This paper aims at introducing a new dissemination framework for cultural heritage (CH) making possible affordable solutions for small and medium museums to cooperate/collaborate in the creation of exhibitions. The framework also makes possible new data-based communication strategies able to combine content belonging to different cultural archives and accessed through an ontology-based integration and discovery mechanism, and fosters new data sharing and distribution policies that preserve intellectual property rights. The proposed dissemination model redefines the concept of digital storytelling with the aim of increasing the participation of domain experts in the dissemination of CH. The framework is designed around a graph-based architecture for creating attractive and engaging multimedia narratives that will be transformed in real experiences personalized according to the user’s profile, interests and context of use. Recommender and digital right management services are provided to authors and users for helping them in the creation, personalization and navigation of stories and for guaranteeing the adoption of suitable sharing and distribution policies.

Historical records, archives and photogrammetry

Archaeological heritage is part of a global identity; the need to preserve this heritage is important, not only to the local communities in which it is present but also to national and international communities. In recent years, digital recordings of monuments and buildings have provided significant contributions in the preservation, presentation and dissemination of cultural heritage. Digital recording of cultural heritage is a multidimensional and complex process: not only does it require researchers to address the problem of 3D digitisation of the monuments but also other aspects of handling this new digital content, such as management, representation and reproduction. Various techniques have been proposed and different technologies have been developed: some based on laser scanning, others on photogrammetric techniques, some using simple empirical methodologies and others based on imaging techniques. However, these techniques focus on cultural heritage assets which are still in existence. For lost, destroyed or damaged heritage, all that remains in a visual context are archived images. We investigate the use of photogrammetry on archived images, to attempt to create 3D reconstructions of lost heritage assets.

Un modelo de aplicación multimedia de Turismo Cultural para Smartphone: “Els iBers dels Ports”. Una ruta de yacimientos ibéricos en la comarca de Els Ports (Castellón, Comunidad Valenciana, España)

<p>The free download of an application for Smartphone, offers an opportunity to establish a direct and varied link with all audiences. Also, offers the proposals for cultural tourism to the visitors in different ways. The application provides to reach more people than the traditional tourist promotions and attracts new sectors of public to the archaeological heritage. The potential of information technology is inexhaustible and it’s a new way of working that can bring great results in the field of diffusion and dissemination of cultural heritage.<br />The proposed model has been designed from the contents that we ourselves have developed over years of excavation and research in the archaeological sites of Els Ports.</p>

De la fotogrametría a la difusión del patrimonio arqueológico mediante game engines: Menga un caso de estudio

<p>Everyone knows the importance of new technologies and the growth they have had in mobile devices. Today in the field of study and dissemination of cultural heritage (including archaeological), the use of digital 3D models and associated technologies are a tool to increase the registration quality and consequently a better basis for interpretation and dissemination for cultural tourism, education and research. Within this area is gaining positions photogrammetry over other technologies due to its low cost. We can generate 3D models from forografí as through a set of algorithms that are able to obtain very approximate models and very realistic textures. In this paper we propose the use of game-engines to incorporate one element diffusion: the ability to navigate the 3D model realistically. As a case study we use a Menga dolmen that will serve as a study and demonstration of the techniques employed. </p>

Hezkuntza-komunitatearen zeregina kultura ondarearen transmisioan

Desde el ámbito de la participación ¿cuál es la función de la educación en la gestión del patrimonio cultural? El reto sería el articular lo mejor posible la distancia entre los gestores de la educación y los agentes sociales, cada uno con sus objetivos y estrategias. Dentro de la educación formal, y en cualquier modalidad y etapa del sistema educativo, estaría bien implicar tanto a los niños como a los jóvenes en su conservación y difusión. En la educación no formal, el reto es crear procesos de enseñanza entre los agentes y los gestores sociales. Pero para lograrlo ¿qué estrategia deberíamos seguir? El objetivo principal de este artículo es responder a esta cuestión usando los distintos puntos de vista de varios expertos.

One Day at the Sands: Exploring Las Vegas' Intangible Heritage through Virtual Reality

The construction, negotiation and dissemination of cultural heritage in the digital era can take advantage of several approaches, including Virtual Reality (VR). Leveraging on the provision of contextualized multimedia content, VR can foster awareness about the histories of specific times and places, encouraging personal interpretative processes. This paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of “One Day at the Sands”, a VR application aimed at conveying the atmosphere of one of the most famous casinos in Las Vegas from the 1950s onwards. First, we collected a digital database, including a wide range of historical material; then, we developed a presentation medium that allows viewers to navigate the virtual reconstructions and access the archival material following their curiosity and interests. User tests underlined the capability of the application to facilitate a deep and meaningful exploration of the contents reinforcing the argument that virtual reality solutions represent valuable tools to engender awareness and explorative attitudes towards heritage.

MEMORY INSTITUTIONS: DEPOSITORIES, THEATRES, TREASURIES OR DATA BASES?

Archives, museums and libraries appeared in the whirl of changes inspired by the introduction of new communication technology which initiated transition from print to digital culture. The time of change is the time of creating future visions and scenarios of archives, museums and libraries. These institutions are frequently called „memory institutions“ in order to higlight their common roles in communicating memory. Often speculations and metaphors of memory institutions (e.g. library/archive as computer, digital repositories etc.) lack clear understanding of what memory is. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to define and evaluate paradigms of memory communication, which determine strategies of cultural heritage dissemination in the contemporary archives, museums and libraries, and assess both their roots and future perspectives. For this purpose current knowledge about communication of memory in archival science, museology and library science is summarised; major principles of memory communication in archives, libraries and museums are generalised, Abstractbasing on the theories of memory; and current paradigms of memory communication as well as their development are analysed, relying on the ars memoriae research. Two paradigms of memory communication have been distinguished: memory-as-computer and memory-as-theater. It is concluded that communication of memory requires integration of two dimensions: 1) social, which covers contextualisation of cultural heritage resources with reference to present needs of societies and 2) narrative, which refers to meaningful structures that transform heritage objects into meaningful stories of the past. It is concluded that memory-as-computer paradigm neglects the necessity of heritage contextualization and interpretation because it relies on the statement that there is a universal code for representation and management of any information. With increasing volumes of cultural heritage available online these collections may become meaningless to users. The paradigm of memory-as-theater demonstrates an increased interest to the new ways of interaction between users and heritage objects in the digital environment; however, the same as the first paradigm it ignores social objectives and context for communication of memory. In this light, the third paradigm, providing an integral approach to all dimensions of memory communication should be developed.

El museo virtual de los misteriosos Stećci

The online virtual museums seem to consolidate as excellent platforms for dissemination of cultural heritage, especially in countries with few resources and hard to take conservation and dissemination of their heritage. The Stecci virtual museum, developed by the University of Sarajevo (Bosnia-Herzegovina) is a clear example of how new technologies can contribute to enhancing cultural heritage.

Preservation and dissemination of women's cultural heritage in Nigerian university libraries

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the preservation and dissemination of women's cultural heritage in selected university libraries in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – The descriptive survey research design using questionnaire to collect data was employed. Findings – The study revealed that non-print materials constitute an average of about 28 per cent of the forms in which cultural heritage materials for women are obtained and preserved in some Nigerian leading academic libraries. Over 50 per cent of the respondents in their views agreed that the benefits are accruable when women's cultural heritage materials are kept including enhancement of public perception of women, improvement in accessibility to information about women, improvement in the visibility of women as essential contributors to the development of the society, fostering of tourism among others. The most prominent barrier that the respondents believed could hamper the preservation of women's cultural heritage materials was the adverse tropical climatic conditions. Originality/value – It encourages information experts to engage in capacity building for effective preservation and dissemination of cultural heritage information that are gender related. It also stressed the need for networking and collaboration among information experts as an essential strategy in promoting women's cultural heritage information system. All stakeholders are urged to prioritize and demonstrate fiscal commitment towards the preservation of cultural heritage resources. This paper was presented at IFLA Women, Information and Libraries Satellite Conference, 2012.

3D Laser Scanning for Digital Preservation and Dissemination of Cultural Heritage

The project demonstrates the use of modern technologies for preservation and presentation of the cultural and historical heritage. The idea is a database of cultural and historical heritage sites to be created applying threedimensional laser scanning technology and a combination of geodetic and photogrammetric methods and shooting techniques. For the purposes of carrying out this project, we have focused on some heritage sites in the central part of Sofia. We decided to include these particular buildings because of the fact that there is hardly another city in the world where within a radius of 400 m are located four temples of different religions - Jewish, Muslim, Orthodox and Catholic. In the recent years, preservation of cultural heritage has been increasingly linked to objectives of sustainable development. Today, it has become clear that cultural heritage is also an economic resource that should be used for further economic development (through compulsory preservation of its authentic cultural values). There has been a more active public debate on the role of cultural heritage, regarding the following topics: improving the quality of life through development of cultural tourism, leading to an increase of the employment rate, constantly improving the business climate, etc. Cultural heritage preservation is becoming one of the priority objectives of the urban development policy. The focus has been shifted to new ways of preservation, mainly combinations of sophisticated technological solutions and their application for the purposes of preservation and dissemination of the cultural heritage.

Wiki Loves Monuments 2011: the experience in Spain and reflections regarding the diffusion of cultural heritage

The electronic journal Digithum is designed for academics, professionals and students from the various fields relating to the humanities and social sciences and is published with the following aims in mind: The distribution/publication of editorial articles or research results in the following subject areas: The knowledge society: analysis of the transformations taking place in the digital age in terms of the humanities and social sciences. By information or knowledge society, we mean the current state of evolution of society, where generalised use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the production and exchange of information determines the evolution and transformation of social life, politics and the economy - especially, but not only, in developed countries. The transformation towards the knowledge society is having effects on the foundations of the organisation and structuring of societies in a way that involves a range of processes that are configuring a new social context or environment. These processes are linguistic, cultural, political and economic globalisation; the conversion of information into a raw material, and the re-establishing of social identity. The repercussions of information and communication technologies (ICT) on studies, teaching and the dissemination of the humanities and social sciences. ICT applications in studies, teaching or the dissemination of the humanities and social sciences. Promoting, in the academic community and amongst its readers, regular debate on the journal's subject matter, which, in principle, is to be related to the dossier. Digithum also reserves space for the distribution of certain articles which, though not strictly fitting into the aforementioned subject areas, due to their quality or relevance represent an important contribution to fields of study in the humanities and social sciences.

User Requirements for Effective Access to Digital Archives of Manuscripts

The availability of digital multimedia resources for cultural heritage poses challenging questions about the kind of interaction that is necessary to foresee to make them available to distinct categories of users. We report on a study on user requirements carried out on two groups of users: domain professional researchers, who need to carry out their research exploiting the functions of digital archives, and non-domain researchers, who need to enhance their experience of digital content and do not have a specific research interest for the digital content. A digital archive of illuminated manuscripts, called IPSA, has been used as a case study for recollecting user requirements. The results highlighted a number of additional requirements by specialized and by non-domain users. The relations between these outcomes provide relevant insights into the role of digital resources for the study and dissemination of cultural heritage.