Disproportionate Use Research Articles

Use of 'acute behavioural disturbance' in mental health records: differences over time and by ethnicity in a London NHS mental health Trust.

Acute behavioural disturbance (ABD) is a controversial descriptor for presentations of severe agitation, aggression and physiological compromise. To characterise the use of ABD-related terms in the electronic record of a large UK provider of mental health services during 2006-2021. The free text of all records relating to patient contacts with acute assessment mental health teams during 2006-2021 were searched for references to ABD. Identified text was coded for context of use and presence of clinical features of ABD described in the literature. Poisson regression was used to analyse differences in rates of use over time and between demographic groups. Mentions of ABD increased by an average of 1.12 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-1.17) per year, with the greatest increase from 2019 to 2021. Black people were more than twice as likely as White people to have reference to ABD included in their assessments (rate: 2.4/1000 (95% CI 1.8-3.1) in Black people compared with 1.0/1000 (95% CI 0.8-1.3) in White people). The clinical characteristics in notes describing a current presentation of ABD rarely corresponded to those included in UK medical guidelines on ABD. The term ABD in mental health notes appears to often, but not exclusively, be a synonym for severe agitation and conveys little meaning beyond this. However, the term's connection to a literature emphasising the high risk of physical health collapse and need for urgent treatment means that its disproportionate use in Black people may contribute to existing racial inequalities in the use of coercive measures during crisis presentations.

Mediation in the system of conflict management theory: state and development prospects

Mediation is considered in the article as part of a conflict management theory, which, in turn, is interdisciplinary in nature. The logical chain is presented, according to which it makes sense to conduct theoretical and applied conflict management analysis, plan conflict-regulating actions, as well as build the teaching of conflict management theory. There are four main links in this chain: the methodology of the analysis of social conflict, its situational analysis, the definition of the technology of influencing the situation and the procedure for implementing the chosen technology. It is in the final link that the problems of mediation, or mediation, are present, which is the subject of research in this work. The purpose of the article is to analyze the development of the main directions of non–jurisdictional mediation in Russia and its role as a social regulator, when the parties of civil society follow the law, but have the opportunity to develop broader, diverse and acceptable conditions for resolving disputes. The review of historical prerequisites, the level of modern institutionalization, socially significant functions of the mediation process is carried out. The characteristics of the development of mediation in the state, commercial and civil sectors of society are given. The ways of development of mediation as a professional, educational and educative social resource are discussed. The obstacles to such development are fixed in the form of dominant state regulation of mediation activities, disproportionate use of mediation services and their weak market demand, scattered teaching of mediation-related educational disciplines, negative realities of the world experience. Conclusions are proposed about the need for a more harmonious state-legal regulation of mediation; the importance of developing communication competence, including a unified presentation of the disciplines «Negotiation – facilitation – mediation» in the educational process; the relevance of the education of conflict management literacy as a culture of behavior in conflict situations and the ability to manage them.

The Strength of the Strengthless: Women, Aged, and Disabled People as a Subversive Force in the Belarusian Protest Movement 2020

ABSTRACT This article examines the Belarusian protests of 2020, triggered by the rigged presidential election results and the illegal disproportionate use of force by the authorities. Given that most protesters were apolitical before 2020, the article seeks to clarify how it happened that passive vulnerable individuals were unprecedentedly mobilized for sustained collective political action. The author focuses on protest actions organized by particularly vulnerable social groups (women, pensioners, the disabled) and reveals their importance for the democratic protest against the patriarchal-authoritarian order. The article traces three stages in the protest development: the moment of traumatic shaking, the caesura of the political sublime, and the rapid scale of the peaceful protest movement characteristically represented by the social groups in question. It is argued that their protest actions had a subversive effect with respect to the autocratic rule and re-actualized an alternative normative and axiological horizon in a given life-world.

The wrong of mercenarism: a promissory account

The wrong of mercenarism: a promissory account

Can exercise prevent the age‐related decline in adaptive homeostasis? Evidence across organisms and tissues

Can exercise prevent the age‐related decline in adaptive homeostasis? Evidence across organisms and tissues

Revisiting the rigidity-of-the-right hypothesis: A meta-analytic review.

The rigidity-of-the-right hypothesis (RRH), which posits that cognitive, motivational, and ideological rigidity resonate with political conservatism, is an influential but controversial psychological account of political ideology. Here, we leverage several methodological and theoretical sources of this controversy to conduct an extensive quantitative review with the dual aims of probing the RRH's basic assumptions and parsing the RRH literature's heterogeneity. Using multilevel meta-analyses of relations between varieties of rigidity and ideology measures alongside a bevy of potential moderators (s = 329, k = 708, N = 187,612), we find that associations between conservatism and rigidity are tremendously heterogeneous, suggesting a complex-yet conceptually fertile-network of relations between these constructs. Most notably, whereas social conservatism was robustly associated with rigidity, associations between economic conservatism and rigidity indicators were inconsistent, small, and not statistically significant outside of the United States. Moderator analyses revealed that nonrepresentative sampling, criterion contamination, and disproportionate use of American samples have yielded overestimates of associations between rigidity-related constructs and conservatism in past research. We resolve that drilling into this complexity, thereby moving beyond the question of if conservatives are essentially rigid to when and why they might or might not be, will help provide a more realistic account of the psychological underpinnings of political ideology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

The International Legal Regime of Control over Cyber Weapons in the Future World Order: Threats and Prospects

The article is devoted to the analysis of the growing number of problems in the global environment of information and communication technologies (ICT), which characterize the current crisis military-political situation. Until recently, experts from different countries spoke about many of them purely theoretically, and possible scenarios of using ICT for malicious infl uence on military critical infrastructure were sometimes even denied. Now this problem is not only recognized by the scientific and expert community, but we are already talking about the voiced facts of the practical use of cyber weapons, other information and cyber means in the conditions of the crisis. Thus, the malicious use of ICT can provoke the outbreak of an interstate military confl ict. First of all, because of the disproportionate use of methods of responding to threats and attacks, when the aff ected party can use real weapons in response. In addition, a confl ict may arise by mistake, since there is currently no universal methodology for identifying violators, criteria for classifying cyberattacks as an armed attack have not been worked out, universal principles for investigating incidents have not been formed. The issues of coordination of measures taken in response to information operations recognized as acts of use of force have not yet been resolved. As a result, information wars and the use of new technologies can become the detonator of an interstate military confl ict with the use of even nuclear weapons. Therefore, the question of the need for active actions of the "great powers" to prevent confl icts in the global information space, which in the conditions of military operations can develop into a global confl ict, is as relevant as possible. The article provides a factual analysis of ICT threats during the special military operation of Russia, explores the possibilities of creating an international regime for the prohibition of information (including cybernetic) weapons, the relevance and increasing importance of studying these processes by the scientific community. The article substantiates the formulation of the problem of international information security as part of a broader topic of international security against the background of global challenges.

Influence of Smartphones on Childhood Trauma (Behavior): A Narrative Analysis of Secondary School at Karachi

The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of smartphones on childhood trauma, particularly in the behavior of secondary school students in Karachi. The study used a qualitative approach and a sample size of ten (10) respondents, collected through snowball sampling. The data was gathered through structured interviews and analyzed using narrative and thematic analysis. The results indicated that excessive use of smartphones has negative effects on child behavior, including family and friend relationships, passions, and self-esteem. Moreover, the disproportionate smartphone use leads to reduced facial interaction, and increased loneliness, depression, stress, and anxiety among children. Children may also become disinterested in other activities due to the ease of accessing anything from anywhere through smartphones. The study recommends that parents monitor their children's social media use, be aware of the websites and games they visit, and encourage a balanced use of smartphones.

Acetone-Gasoline Blend as an Alternative Fuel in SI Engines: A Novel Comparison of Performance, Emission, and Lube Oil Degradation.

The disproportionate use of petroleum products and stringent exhaust emissions has emphasized the need for alternative green fuels. Although several studies have been conducted to ascertain the performance of acetone-gasoline blends in spark-ignition (SI) engines, limited work has been done to determine the influence of fuel on lubricant oil deterioration. The current study fills the gap through lubricant oil testing by running the engine for 120 h on pure gasoline (G) and gasoline with 10% by volume acetone (A10). Compared to gasoline, A10 produced better results in 11.74 and 12.05% higher brake power (BP) and brake thermal efficiency (BTE), respectively, at a 6.72% lower brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC). The blended fuel A10 produced 56.54, 33.67, and 50% lower CO, CO2, and HC emissions. However, gasoline remained competitive due to lower oil deterioration than A10. The flash-point and kinematic viscosity, compared to fresh oil, decreased by 19.63 and 27.43% for G and 15.73 and 20.57% for A10, respectively. Similarly, G and A10 showed a decrease in total base number (TBN) by 17.98 and 31.46%, respectively. However, A10 is more detrimental to lubricating oil due to a 12, 5, 15, and 30% increase in metallic particles like aluminum, chromium, copper, and iron, respectively, compared to fresh oil. Performance additives like calcium and phosphorous in lubricant oil for A10 decreased by 10.04 and 4.04% in comparison to gasoline, respectively. The concentration of zinc was found to be 18.78% higher in A10 when compared with gasoline. A higher proportion of water molecules and metal particles were found in lubricant oil for A10.

The International Monetary System Reform: Refusal to Use the Dollar and Fair Exchange Rate

The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations aimed at eliminating shortcomings of the modern international monetary system. The author suggests a draft of its reform. The draft provides, firstly, an objective reflection of the economic state of the issuing state in compliance with the exchange rate of the national currency and, secondly, allows eliminating disproportionate use of the US dollar in international trade. When developing the draft of the reform, the author proceeded from the assumption that the reform of the international monetary system based on consensus is impossible: «beneficiaries of the modern monetary order» will actively defend their national interests to the detriment of the interests of the majority of members of the international community. Under the current conditions, the only way to transform the international monetary system is to take unilateral actions of individual States. At the same time, the «engine of the reform» should include the commercial benefit of private participants of foreign economic activity: it is unrealistic to adjust the international monetary system by establishing new rules that do not ensure additional (at least minimal) profit for international trade agents. Based on these prerequisites, the author formulates a model of unilateral modernization of the settlement system and the system of customs and tariff regulation when importing goods that can be applied by an individual state. Implementation of this model should generate demand on the domestic foreign exchange market for the national currency of the importing state proportional to its share in international trade. A consistent increase in the number of states using this model will allow, based on market principles, creating a new international monetary system, eliminating its main drawbacks, including reducing the role of the US dollar in international trade to an adequate value reflecting the current state of the American economy. The author relied in the study on analytical and statistical methods, the method of economic and legal modeling.

Beauty Inside Out: Examining Beauty Product Use Among Diverse Women and Femme-Identifying Individuals in Northern Manhattan and South Bronx Through an Environmental Justice Framework.

The disproportionate use of chemical straighteners and skin lighteners by women of color is a growing public health concern given the link between product use and adverse health effects. Prior studies examined product use as an individual choice but neglected social-structural factors, which influence beauty perceptions and personal decisions around product use. We used a community-based participatory research approach to characterize product use by demographics and investigated how racialized beauty norms impact use among 297 women and femme-identifying individuals in Northern Manhattan and the South Bronx. Product use varied by race/ethnicity, nativity, and messaging from family and peers. Black respondents were more likely to ever use chemical straighteners than non-Black respondents (OR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.2-3.2), as were respondents who heard that family members express a preference for straight hair compared with respondents whose family members expressed mixed preferences about hairstyles (OR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.1-3.7). Compared with non-Asian respondents and respondents born in the United States, Asian respondents and respondents born in other countries, respectively, had threefold higher odds of ever using skin lighteners (Asian: OR = 3.2; 95% CI = 1.4-7.0; born in other countries: OR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.9-6.1). Respondents' perceptions that others believe straight hair or lighter skin confer benefits such as beauty, professionalism, or youth were associated with greater use of chemical straighteners and skin lighteners. These findings highlight the pervasiveness of racialized beauty norms and point to the need to reduce the demand for and sale of these products through community education, market-based strategies, and public policy.

Diagnóstico de salud ocupacional en la empresa de curtiembres Cueros JCG

Las pieles son consideradas un subproducto de la industria de la carne y mataderos, en donde, el 59% de las empresas del sector de curtiembres en Colombia, en su gran mayoría son microempresas las cuales no cuentan con los procesos y tecnología necesaria para dar un buen trato al animal y posteriormente al cuero (López y Hueza, 2018). De acuerdo con la Guía de Producción Limpia para el Sector Curtiembres de Bogotá (2017), los procesos de transformación de los cueros se caracteriza por su excesivo consumo de agua; a su vez el uso desproporcionado de productos químicos por tonelada de piel procesada, siendo el proceso de curtido el más contaminante. Las condiciones actuales del proceso de producción en la empresa Cueros JCG provocan un impacto ambiental negativo que afecta a la comunidad cercana a la empresa, así como bajos niveles de productividad y un alto riesgo de sanciones por el incumplimiento de las normas ambientales. En ese sentido se propone desde la comprensión de las condiciones actuales de la empresa, el diseño de una propuesta de mejora del proceso de recurtido que considere la incorporación de tecnologías limpias, de fácil acceso y que a su vez mejore las condiciones higiénicas en los puestos de trabajo en la empresa. Los resultados obtenidos en el presente trabajo evidenciaron que, el 75% de los riesgos afectan a la salud y la vida, el 17.1% están relacionados con el contacto y/o inhalación con productos químicos como pinturas, disolventes, anticorrosivos y el 8.6% tienen que ver con condiciones no idóneas de orden y aseo.

Upping the ante without taking up arms: Why mass movements escalate demands

One of the unresolved puzzles in the civil resistance and contentious politics literatures is why some movements that begin seeking limited redress in a certain policy space escalate their claims to demand the ousting of a national leader or the entire regime, a process the article terms ‘demand escalation’. For instance, in the summer of 2019, thousands took to the streets of Hong Kong to protest about a proposed extradition bill that would allow criminal suspects to be sent to mainland China to face trial in courts controlled by the Communist Party. However, even after Hong Kong’s leader, Carrie Lam, announced the formal withdrawal of the controversial bill, protests continued with some calling for greater democracy and others demanding Lam’s resignation. Whereas most of the literature on civil resistance treats demands as fixed and focuses on different methods of struggle to pursue predefined ends, this article shows that demands can change as a result of the state–dissent interaction. The article argues that movements are more likely to escalate their demands when the state responds to the initial nonviolent action with a disproportionate use of force, because such an action intensifies the grievances the protesters have against the state and betrays the remaining trust that people might have had in the government. The analysis of a new quantitative dataset that catalogues both reformist and maximalist opposition campaigns globally supports this claim. By incorporating non-maximalist campaigns into the analysis and not treating demands as fixed, this article adds to our understanding of mass campaigns and highlights an overlooked means by which nonviolent campaigns can up their ante without resorting to violence.

The Impact of Education in Psychological Behaviour about Social Media Platforms and its Impact on Human Mental Health

Purpose- Using social media is rapidly evolving into an integral part of everyday life. Addiction to social media use can develop disproportionate and irrational use. The primary objective of this research was to determine if psychological factors, namely, loneliness, anxiety, peer influence, addition of mobile phones, stress, depression, self-esteem and environment are positively associated with the psychological well-being of university students. Methodology- The present research is primary and descriptive in nature. The sample size of the study is 286. The responses obtained from college and university students studying in Pune, Maharashtra. The responses from students obtained through structured questionnaire. The various statistical tools through use of SPSS Software applied, namely, descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. The conceptual model also framed for the study. Findings- The majority of male participative in the study. The most influential factor found in the study was addition of mobile phones. Second most influential variable was depression and also peer influence found least in the study. Social implications- Future research can be performed by reducing excessive use of mobile phones and thereby try to reduce anxiety, stress and depression among college and university students. Originality-To further ensure a representative sample and investigate whether or not advancing age has an impact on social media use, future research can broaden its reach of sampling.

Reckoning with racialized police violence: The role of I-O psychology

AbstractThe country has been gripped by the events that have unfolded in the wake of the police killings of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor. In response to these new examples of long-standing police violence, there have been calls to substantially reimage policing to reduce the number of violent incidents that occur between officers and the public and to combat officers’ disproportionate use of force with Black Americans. In this article, we call on industrial-organizational (I-O) psychologists to leverage their expertise to help actuate meaningful change within law enforcement. To help guide our collective efforts as a field, we provide a review of the current state of affairs as they relate to recruitment, selection, training, performance management, occupational stress, and organizational culture in law enforcement and then offer recommendations for ways to change current practices to encourage more equitable and responsible policing. We also highlight areas in which further investigation is needed and urge I-O psychologists to invest in building the knowledge necessary to inform future practices. We hope this article can facilitate a discussion about how our field can contribute to achieving evidence-based and lasting change that benefits officers and the members of the communities they serve.

THE ROLE OF NON-LETHAL WEAPONS IN PUBLIC SECURITY

After World War II, “human rights” became a very vital issue all over the world, and with the publication of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations at the end of 1948, the subject gained an international status. In this context, the level of power to be applied by law enforcement officers in preventing the incidents and the equipment they use have started to be discussed. Equipment called “non-lethal weapons - NLW” began to be used in mass actions to end the incidents by causing less harm to both activists and third parties who were not involved in the action. The primary purpose of using NLWs is to minimize the severe human consequences during the intervention process to deter individuals from participating in the actions and to minimize the damage. Although it is called a non-lethal weapon, some negative consequences can be encountered due to the wrong or disproportionate use of this equipment, which can undermine the trust of citizens, who are not directly related to the events, in the state and naturally, the law enforcement forces, and the countries’ prestige can lose. For this reason, it is necessary to know and teach the issues needed to effectively use non-lethal weapons that give new capabilities to law enforcement officers. This study aims to examine the non-lethal weapons used by law enforcement officers to investigate the legal regulations on these weapons and their ammunition at the international and national level and to provide basic information on the types of NLW and their use. The scarcity of academic studies on non-lethal weapons in the national literature increases the importance of this study. As a result of the research, it has been determined that the main way of harming people and the environment as little as possible in the process of intervention in social events is the conscious use of NLWs by law enforcement officials.

Multimedia educativa dirigida al desarrollo de las destrezas para el cuidado del medio ambiente en niños de 4 a 5 años de la educación inicial

Caring for the environment is currently a global problem. Multiple are the difficulties that currently affect the planet due to the disproportionate use of its resources and the lack of actions aimed at its sanitation. This task is the responsibility of all human beings, regardless of the social group to which they belong. It is important that children, very early, take actions that make them aware of this work. The Curriculum of Initial Education of 2014 in Ecuador includes a series of skills that contribute to sowing in infants the need to carry out activities based on the preservation of their environment. This article proposes a multimedia aimed at developing skills for caring for the environment in children from 4 to 5 years of Initial Education. It reflects multiple actions that are in correspondence with the age and psychological development of these children. Both teachers and parents are responsible for influencing children to achieve a positive attitude regarding the care and conservation of the environment. The teaching medium that is presented contributes to developing these attitudes from the nursery.

Methodological inconsistencies confound understanding of language measurement in the child maltreatment population: A systematic review

BackgroundWhile researchers have found a link between childhood maltreatment and language difficulties, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear and replication across the literature is inconsistent. ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review examining the methodological inconsistencies related to studies' samples construction, maltreatment measurement, and language outcomes using a language acquisition theory-based approach. MethodsUsing the PRISMA framework, a literature search was conducted across five databases to identify studies that have investigated the effects of maltreatment on the language dimensions of vocabulary and grammar. Data were extracted for participant and maltreatment characteristics. ResultsFifty articles were reviewed. The results revealed: 1) maltreated children performed consistently below peers on grammar but not vocabulary assessments, 2) disproportionate use of vocabulary assessments, 3) considerable variability on participant characteristics and limited multidimensional measurement of maltreatment exposure, and 4) only nine studies analyzed the relationship between a maltreatment dimension (e.g., type, severity) and language. ConclusionsBased on the results of this review, we propose three calls to action: 1) more language acquisition research in the child maltreatment field, 2) specificity when constructing samples with maltreated children, and 3) comprehensive and multidimensional maltreatment measurement. Implications for education were examined.

S1488 Characteristics and Healthcare Patterns of Super-Utilizers Among Patients Hospitalized With a GI Diagnosis

Introduction: In the United States, a small number of patients, labeled as super-utilizers accounts for a disproportionately large fraction of healthcare expenditure. The knowledge about the characteristics of super-utilizers and their impact on healthcare utilization would be helpful to various stakeholders to target interventions aimed at reducing the disproportionate use of the healthcare system. Methods: We extracted data from the Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD) 2019, on patients admitted primarily with a gastrointestinal (GI) pathology. We used Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s definition for super-utilizers (2 standard deviations above the average number of hospital stays for patients in each payer category which were ≥4 for Medicaid/Medicare and ≥3 for privately /uninsured in 2019). We collected data on demographics, readmission rates, and hospitalization costs. Results: Of 1,704,913 patients who were discharged alive, 6.3% were categorized as super-utilizers. The highest proportion of super-utilizers was observed among patients with hepatic failure (19.6%), non-infectious hepatitis (13.6%), and inflammatory bowel disease (10.4%) (Figure 1). On multivariate analysis, several characteristics were independently associated with super-utilizers, especially the comorbidity burden and disease severity (Table 1). The mean number of admissions for an average super-utilizer was ∼4 times compared to other patients (mean admissions: 5.5 vs 1.4; P < 0.001). Super-utilizers were mostly admitted for medical diagnosis (83.4% vs 67.3%) as compared to surgical (16.5% vs 31.4%) and for non-elective reasons (92.1% vs 88.9%). The 30-day readmission rate was ∼6 times higher among super-utilizers compared to other patients (36.6% vs 6.4% P < 0.001). Compared to other patients, super-utilizers had longer hospital stays (mean days: 5.8 vs 4.4; P < 0.001) and higher average hospitalization costs (mean US$: 15060 vs 13023; P < 0.001). Super-utilizers although only 6.3%, accounted for 31.5% of hospitalization days, 28.2% of costs, 19.6% of hospital stays, and 27.3% of all-cause 30-day readmissions. These findings were consistent across the different payer types on subgroup analysis. Conclusion: 6.3% of patients admitted with a GI diagnosis were classified as super-utilizers. Comorbidity burden and disease severity were strongly associated with super-utilizers. Super-utilizers accounted for a disproportionate share of hospital days, costs, stays, and 30-day readmissions compared to other patients.Figure 1.: Percentage of super-utilizers among various GI pathologies resulting in hospitalization in 2019. Table 1. - Multivariate analysis showing association between super-utilizer status and various patient- and hospital-level characteristics Characteristics Odds Ratio [95% CI] ‘P’ value Charlson Comorbidity index 1.70 (1.68-1.73) < 0.001 Severity 1.37 (1.35-1.38) < 0.001 Teaching hospital 1.21 (1.15-1.28) < 0.001 Hospital Bed size 1.05 (1.03-1.07) < 0.001 Hospital control 1.04 (1.01-1.07) 0.006 Age 0.98 (0.98-0.98) < 0.001 Income 0.98 (0.97-0.99) < 0.001 Female gender 0.97 (0.95-0.98) < 0.001 Urban location 0.88 (0.83-0.92) < 0.001

Escapism and Excessive Online Behaviors: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study in Finland during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Excessive online behaviors refer to harmful or disproportionate use of digital network applications. Such behaviors are likely to be associated with escapist motives. Our aim was to analyze whether escapism predicts excessive gambling, excessive gaming, and excessive internet use over time. A longitudinal sample of Finnish residents aged 18–75 years (n = 1022, 51.27% male) was surveyed at three time points during the COVID-19 pandemic in 6-month intervals: April 2021 (Time 1), October–November 2021 (Time 2), and April–May 2022 (Time 3). Of the original Time 1 respondents, 66.80% took part in the surveys at both Time 2 and Time 3. All surveys included measures for excessive gambling (Problem Gambling Severity Index), excessive gaming (Internet Gaming Disorder Test), and excessive internet use (Compulsive Internet Use Scale). Three escapism-specific questions were used to construct a dedicated escapism variable. Socio-demographic variables, alcohol consumption, and psychological distress were used as controls. The study was conducted with multilevel regression analyses using hybrid models. Our research showed that escapism had strong within-person effects on excessive gambling, B = 0.18, p = 0.003; excessive gaming, B = 0.50, p < 0.001; and excessive internet use, B = 0.77, p < 0.001 over time. The between-person effect of escapism was demonstrated on excessive gaming B = 0.91, p < 0.001, and excessive internet use B = 0.61, p = 0.036. Adverse societal events and uncertain times can manifest in excessive online behaviors motivated by escapism, highlighting a need to focus prevention efforts on healthy coping methods.